2022年教師資格之中學(xué)英語學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力題庫(kù)綜合試卷A卷附答案

2022年教師資格之中學(xué)英語學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力題庫(kù)綜合試卷A卷附答案單選題（共60題）1、Ourlifehasbutashort__________．A.durationB.spanC.episodeD.range【答案】B2、Thegoldmedalwas_________toMs．Barretteforherexcellentperformanceinthedrama.A.distributedB.contributedC.awardedD.rewarded【答案】C3、CanyouimaginethedifficultyIhad___________languageobstaclesIfitstudiedabroad?.A.toovercomeB.overcomingC.overcomeD.overcame【答案】B4、Ithinktheboss，ratherthantheworkers，_______toblameforthefirethatcausedsomanydeaths．A.areB.wereC.wasD.tobe【答案】C5、Passage2A.itmightbepossibletochangeitsatmosphereB.itsatmosphereisthesameastheearth'sC.thereisagoodsupplyofwateronVenusD.thedaysonVenusarelongenough【答案】A6、Inspeakingactivities,aspeakeroftentriestoavoidusingadifficultwordorstructureandchoosestouseasimplerone.Whatlearningstrategydoesthespeakeruse?A.SimplificationB.GeneralizationC.ParaphraseD.Avoidance【答案】D7、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。A.thetreethatfellB.Toronto'seastendC.thesubwayinNewYorkD.theHurricaneSandydevastation【答案】D8、Thepolicemanranafterthemanand__________himbythearm.A.stoppedB.reachedC.shotD.caught【答案】D9、Childrenmaygetintosomebadhabits__________theylacksell-discipline.A.whenB.unlessC.thoughD.until【答案】A10、Thethingthat__________isnotwhetheryoufailornot,butwhetheryoutryornot.A.caresB.mattersC.considersD.minds【答案】B11、Passage2A.suddenforgettingmaybringaboutadaptiveconsequencesB.forgettingforlackofpracticetendstobeobviouslyinadaptiveC.ifapersongetsveryforgetfulallofasudden,hemustbeveryadaptiveD.forgettingisanindicationofanindividual'sadaptability【答案】A12、請(qǐng)閱讀Passagel，完成此題。A.CKwasagoodfatherandaverybravecomedianinhereyesB.CKdidn'tagreetobuysmartphonesforhisyoungdaughtersC.ShewasveryimpressedbyhissolutiontothesmartphoneprobletnD.Shewasencouragedbyhimnottomakeanycompromisestoherdaughter【答案】C13、Whichofthefollowingactivitiescanbeadoptedatthepre-readingstage？A.Re-arrangingthematerialsB.BrainstormingthetopicC.WritingasummaryofthetextD.Skimming【答案】B14、Passage1A.TheamountoftimethatteachersspendwithindividualstudentsB.TheamountofknowledgethatteachersimparttostudentsC.ThecontentoftheteachingmaterialsusedbyteachersD.Thevarietyofactivitiesorganizedbyteachers【答案】A15、Passage1A.DemandingB.LiberalC.ImaginativeD.Authoritative【答案】D16、Whichofthefollowingtypesofquestionscanleastelicitstudents′ideasA.DisplayquestionsB.DivergentquestionsC.OpenquestionsD.Evaluationquestions【答案】A17、__________helpsstudentsfacilitatetheirprocessofaccumulatingvocabulary,broadeningscopeofvision,andincreasingtargetlanguageexposure.A.ScanningB.SkimmingC.ExtensivereadingD.Intensivereading【答案】C18、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.SubjectiveB.ExaggeratedC.SarcasticD.Objective【答案】D19、Passage2A.liveinveryhottemperaturesB.liveinverycoldtemperaturesC.manufactureoxygenD.alloftheabove【答案】D20、Theriskofinfectionforthatpatienthasn'tdiminishedaftertheoperation._______,ithasincreased.A.OnthewholeB.OnthecontraryC.OntheaverageD.Ontheotherhand【答案】B21、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage1,完成第小題。A.MoststudentswouldachieveacertainlevelofacademicsuccessB.Educatorswouldraiseupthebottomoftherank-orderdistributionC.TeacherswouldhelplowachieverstobeathighachieverssuccessfullyD.Schoolswouldeliminatesortingandrankingfromtheschoolingprocess【答案】A22、Whichoneistheschool'smissionandcharacteristicofthecourse?A.LocalcourseB.School-basedcurriculumC.NationalcurriculumD.Subjectcurriculum【答案】B23、Whatdoeshis/herfeedbackfocusonifateacher'scommentis“John,itwouldbemuchbetterifyouhavegivenmoredetails,t”?A.ContentB.LanguageC.AttitudeD.Aptitude【答案】A24、Thepairofwords"receive/giveiscalledA.converseantonymsB.synonymsC.complementaryantonymsD.gradableantonyms【答案】A25、Passage1A.InquiryB.DeliveryC.ExemplificationD.Discussion【答案】B26、Ifglobalwarminggoesonlikethis,MaldivesintheIndianOcean__________inthecentury?tocome.A.disappearsB.disappearedC.hasdisappearedD.isgoingtodisappear【答案】D27、Thepolicemanranafterthemanand__________himbythearm.A.stoppedB.reachedC.shotD.caught【答案】D28、Whichofthefollowingactivitiesismostlikelytobeusedtoencouragestudentsactivelanguageuse?A.ReadingatextandmakingtrueorfalsejudgementB.ListeningtoapassageandfillingintheblankC.DoingaroleplayofopeningabankaccountD.Reorderingthesentencesintoapassage【答案】C29、WhenAmerican-bornactorMichaelPenawasayearold,hisparentsweredeported.TheyhadillegallywalkedacrosstheU.S.borderfromMexicoandwhentheywerecaughtbyimmigrationauthorities,theysentPenaandhisbrothertostaywithrelativesintheU.S.“Itwasquiteabitofagambleformyparents,”saysPena,“buttheycamebackayearlater.”Pena?sfather,whohadbeenafarmerinMexico,gotajobatabuttonfactoryinChicagoand,eventually,agreencard.PenastayedinChicagountil,at19,hefledtoLosAngelestopursuehisactingdreams.ThisfamilyhistorymakesPena?slatestroleespeciallypersonal.InCesarChavez,PenaplaysthelaborleaderashestrugglestoorganizeimmigrantCaliforniafarmworkersinthe1960s.Topressuregrowerstoimproveworkingconditionsandwages,Chavezledanationalboycottoftablegrapesthatlastedfrom1965to1970andisrecordedinthefilm.Chavez,likePena,wastheAmerican-bornsonofMexicanfarmerswhoimmigratedtotheU.S.“A.TheAmericanpubliccametorealizethepowerofchangeintheLatinocommunityB.Themodernimmigrant-rightsmovementleadersknewhowtoorganizetheiractivitiesstrategicallyC.TheU.S.governmentknewhowtolocateundocumentedfarmworkersandofferthemofficialregistrationD.TheMexicanfarmworkerscouldtravelacrossthecountryduringthegrapeboycotttosharetheirsufferings【答案】B30、WhatrhetoricaldeviceisusedinthesentenceHeisanall__________purposebasket?A.PunB.SimileC.MetaphorD.Transferredepithet【答案】C31、ThepairofEnglishphonemes音素_differintheplaceofarticulation發(fā)音部位.A.//and//B./θ/and/e/C./d/and/z/D./m/and/n/【答案】D32、Thecoreofsystematictextbookevaluationistoexaminehowwellagiventextbookmatchestheneedsof_________andhoweffectivelyandefficientlyitcanrealizetheobjectivesoftheprogram．A.alanguageprogramB.areaderC.teachersD.schools【答案】A33、WhichofthefollowingunderlinedwordswillbestressedwhenJuliarespondstothepersonwhohasmistakenherforJulian?A.MynameisJulia,notJulianB.MynameisJulia,notJulianC.MynameisJulia,notJulianD.MynameisJulia,notJulian【答案】B34、Polyester(聚酯)isnowbeingusedforbottles.ICI,thechemicalsandplasticscompany,believesthatitisnowbeginningtobreakthegripofglassonthebottlebusinessandthustakeadvantageofthishugemarket.A.since1982B.sincethe1970sbutonlyforlargebottlesC.sincethe1960sbutnotforliquidswithgasinthemD.sincecompanieslikeCocaColafirsttriedthem【答案】C35、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。A.BecausehomosexualcouplesliveinaplacenamedClosetB.BecauseboththeclosetandhomosexualitymeanprivacyC.BecauseJasonCollinshasrefrainedfromNBAD.Becausepeoplealwaysuse"closet"torefertohomosexuality【答案】B36、Passage2A.waterB.carbondioxideC.carbonmonoxideD.oxygen【答案】B37、HavinglivedinChinaforalongtime,JohncouldfullyunderstandtheculturalshocksexperiencedbyhisChinesestudents.WhichofthefollowingtraitsdoesJohnhaveinthisinstance?A.AvoidanceB.EmpathyC.ExtroversionD.Introversion【答案】B38、Accordingtoarecentresearch,theoldaremorethantwiceaslikelytohaveapositiveattitudetolife__________theyoung.A.asB.thanC.whileD.until【答案】A39、ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell,butifyou__________,youwillsucceedintheend.A.hangaboutB.hangonC.hangupD.hangonto【答案】B40、Passage2A.theirexpectationofbetterfinancialstatusB.theirneedtoreflectontheirprivatelifeC.theirstrainedrelationswiththeboardsD.theirpursuitofnewcareergoals【答案】D41、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.heisamagnateB.heisadiplomatistC.heisastrategistD.heisaphilanthropist【答案】B42、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成小題。A.Awomanwithagoodheart.B.AwomanRobinHoodlovedC.AwomanRobinHoodhelpedD.AwomanstudyingRobinHoodlegend【答案】B43、_______hegotthenews,Mr.Mathewshurriedoutofhishouse,_______hiscar,anddroveallthewaytotown.A.When;starteDB.Themoment;starteDC.Until;startingD.Once;tostart【答案】B44、Inafactory,Li,theguide,isinterpretingforagronpofforeignguests.Whentheyhavefinishedvisitingoneworkshop,hewouldlikethegrouptofollowhimtothenextworkshop.Hesays,.A.Thisway,pleaseB.ComehereC.FollowmeD.Moveon【答案】A45、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。A.MostAmericanstudentscheatinexamsbeforetheyenteruniversitiesB.MostAmericanstudentsenteringtheuniversitiesadmittheyhavecheatedC.HalfofstudentsenteringtheuniversitiesadmittocheatingontheirhomeworkD.ThereisacademicdishonestyamongstudentsenteringtheUSUniversity【答案】D46、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2。完成第小題。A.asuddenincreaseB.anunexpecteddecreaseC.anabruptchangeD.ahighwave【答案】A47、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.IronicB.PassionateC.HumorousD.Matter-of-fact【答案】D48、Itisgenerallyagreedthatthefirsttruecitiesappearedabout5,000yearsagointhefood-producingcommunitiesoftheMiddleEast．ThecitiesofSumeria,EgyptandtheIndusValleypossessedanumberofcharacteristicsthatdistinguishedthemastrulyurban．Thecitieswereverymuchlargerandmoredenselypopulatedthananyprevioussettlement,andtheirfunctionwasclearlydifferentiatedfromthatofthesurroundingvillages．InthecitiestheoldpatternsofkinshiprelationswerereplacedbyacomplexhierarchyofsocialclassesbasedonthespecializationofA.becauseitbeganasasmallsettlementB.becauseitislessdevelopedC.becauseofitssmallsizeD.becauseofitslocation【答案】C49、Theybelievedthatbyusingcomputerstheproductionoftheirfactory______.A.willgreatlyincreaseB.wouldgreatlyincreaseC.wouldbeincreasedgreatlyD.willhavebeengreatlyincreased【答案】C50、EveryoneknowsthatEnglishdepartmentsareintrouble,butyoucan'tappreciatejusthowmuchtroubleuntilyoureadthenewreportfromtheModernLanguageAssociation.ThereportisaboutPh.D.programs,whichhavebeenindeclinesince2008.Theseprogramshavegottenbothmoredifficultandlessrewarding:today,itcantakealmostadecadetogetadoctorate,and,attheendofyourprogram,you'reunlikelytofindatenure-trackjob.A.TheideaofdesigningashorterprogramB.ThecompletionofadegreeinfiveyearsC.TheideaofdraftingashorterdissertationD.ThesuggestionsgivenintheM.L.A.report【答案】A51、Heishelplessundersuchcircumstances,______.A.howeverbrilliantamindhemayhaveB.howeverabrilliantmindhemayhaveC.howeverbrilliantamindmayhehaveD.Howeverabrilliantmindmayhehave【答案】A52、WhatarethemostimportantpartsofalessonplanA.TextbooksandclassroomaidsB.AnticipationofproblemsandflexibilityindealingwiththemC.ObjectivesofthelessonandprocedurestoachievethemD.Summaryandhomework【答案】C53、--Sheunwillinglytookthejob,didn'tshe?A.Itdoesn'thurttoaskB.ItcountsfornothingC.Itdoesn'tmakesenseD.It'sadeal【答案】A54、Itwouldbeunwiseto__________toomuchimportancetotheseopinionpolls.A.stickB.payC.applyD.attach【答案】D55、Englishclassroomactivitiesforelementaryandmiddleschoolscanbedividedintofourtypes:start-up,languagelearning,__________andsummary.A.languageperformanceB.languageaccumulatingC.languageacquisitionD.languagememorizing【答案】A56、TheGovernmentisanxioustokeepthewhole__________outofcourt．A.exampleB.instanceC.caseD.sample【答案】C57、IntheearlystagesoftheAudio-lingualMethod,thefocusison______skills,withgraduallinkstootherskillsaslearningdevelops.A.speakingB.translatingC.readingD.writing【答案】A58、Whenateachersaystothewholeclass,"Standupandactoutthedialogue",he/sheisplayingtheroleofa(n)_________.A.monitorB.organizerC.assessorD.prompter【答案】B59、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。A.AntiquitieshuntersB.EnvironmentaldamageC.TheoptionalnumberoftouristsD.Visitorsexceedingtheoptimalnumber【答案】D60、--Sarah,wouldyoupleasegivemesomemoremilkA.nooneB.noneC.everythingD.it【答案】B大題（共15題）一、根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱瀆下面的學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)節(jié)25分鐘的讀寫教學(xué)活動(dòng)。該方案沒有固定格式但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：?teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：25分鐘?學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)九年級(jí)(初三)學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已達(dá)到《義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2011年版)》三級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：?Whoinventedtea?Didyouknowthattea,themostpopulardrinkintheworld(afterwater),wasinventedbyaccident?Althoughteawasn'tbroughttothewesternworlduntil1610,thisbeveragewasdiscoveredoverthreethousandyearsbeforethat.AccordingtoanancientChineselegend,theemperorShenNongdiscoveredteawhenhewasboilingdrinkingwateroveranopenfire.Someleavesfromanearbybushfellintothewaterandremainedthereforsometime.Theemperornoticedthattheleavesinthewaterproducedapleasantsmell.Laterhedecidedtotastethehotmixture.Itwasquitedelicious.Andinthisway,oneoftheworld'sfavoritedrinkswasinvented.【答案】TeachingContents:Anarticleaboutwhoinventedtea.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanknowthesourceofteaandbecome,morefamiliarwiththetopicoftea.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentscanusethetworeadingstrategies--skimmingandscanningtogettheinformationfromthepassage.Meanwhile,theycanusethephrasesinthepassagetodescribethesourceorhistoryofsomethingintheirwriting.(3)EmotionalobjectiveStudentswillhaveabasicunderstandingofteaandhavemoreinterestinChineseteaculture.Throughgroupwork,theircooperativeawarenesswillbeimproved.TeachingKeyPoints:Howtomakestudentsmasterthetworeadingstrategies--skimmingandscanning.TeachingDifficultPoints:Howtohelpstudentsfindtherelatedinformationfrompassageandunderstandthemainideaofit.TeachingProcedures:二、根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材．設(shè)計(jì)一節(jié)英語寫作課教學(xué)方案。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandiustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：45分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中二年級(jí)學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》六級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：TheBandThatWasn'tHaveyoueverwantedtobepartofabandasafamoussingerormusician?Haveyoueverdreamedofplayinginfrontofthousandsofpeopleataconcert,atwhicheveryoneisclappingandappreciatingyourmusic?DoyousingkaraokeandpretendyouareafamoussingerlikeSongZuyingorLiuHuan?Tobehonest,alotofpeopleattachgreatimportancetobecomingrichandfamous.Butjusthowdopeopleformaband?【答案】ClassType:Writingclass,1periodTeachingContents:Thetopicisaboutwritinganarticleaboutmakingaband.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanwritedowntheirownopinionsabouthavingabandandshareitwiththeirfriends.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentswillimprovetheirwritingandspeakingabilities.(3)EmotionalobjectiveAfterlearningthislesson,studentswillknowhowtoexpresstheiropinionslogically.TeachingKeyPoint:Howtowriteanarticleandsharetheirnewideaswiththeirfriends.TeachingDifficultPoint:Howtousetheabilityofwritinginrealsituationsintheirlives.TeachingProcedures:三、下面是一節(jié)高中英語課堂教學(xué)片段實(shí)錄。T:Armyourselfwithsunscreen,sunglassesandahatinaperiodofhotweather.S1:Howcanyouarmyourself?Youalreadyhavetwoarms—howdoyouputonmore?T:Canwefigureoutthemeaningof“arm”fromthetext?Lookforanotherplacewheretheword“sunscreen”appears.S2:Inthissentence:“Healthexpertswarnedpeople,whenoutside,toapplysunscreenwithasunprotectionfactor…”S3:SoIthink“armyourself”iskindof“apply”.S1:Oh,thatmakessense.Isheright?T:Icouldansweryou,butI’dlikeyoutofindoutthemeaningof“arm”inthedictionary.…T:Gotit?CanyouexplainitinEnglish?S4:Yes,it’saverb,differentfromthenoun“arm”,meaningtoprovideyourselforotherswithweaponsortoprovidewhatyouneedforatask.T:Nicelydone!【答案】(1)語言知識(shí)目標(biāo)：學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)生詞“arm”作為動(dòng)詞的含義并能夠使用詞典查閱生詞;策略目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能夠結(jié)合上下文語境理解生詞，并查閱詞典進(jìn)行確認(rèn)猜測(cè)。(2)采用了啟發(fā)式教學(xué)法。啟發(fā)式教學(xué)，就是根據(jù)教學(xué)目的、內(nèi)容、學(xué)生的知識(shí)水平和知識(shí)規(guī)律，運(yùn)用各種教學(xué)手段，采用啟發(fā)誘導(dǎo)辦法傳授知識(shí)、培養(yǎng)能力，使學(xué)生積極主動(dòng)地學(xué)習(xí)，以促進(jìn)身心發(fā)展。該教學(xué)材料中，教師立足于學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)及現(xiàn)有的知識(shí)水平，通過提問等語言方式啟發(fā)學(xué)生了解和體會(huì)arm的動(dòng)詞詞性，而不是直接告知學(xué)生其用法，使學(xué)生達(dá)到了主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)、積極思考的目的。(3)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：在該案例中，當(dāng)學(xué)生不明白生詞的含義時(shí)，老師并沒有直接告訴學(xué)生，而是讓學(xué)生通過討論和查字典的形式弄清楚了生詞的意思，培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生查字典的技能和習(xí)慣，逐步養(yǎng)成自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力。缺點(diǎn)：根據(jù)《高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》，形成性評(píng)價(jià)反映學(xué)生的進(jìn)步情況，對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)嘗試做出肯定，以促進(jìn)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性，幫助教師改進(jìn)教學(xué)。在該案例中，學(xué)生通過自己的努力弄清楚了生詞的意思后，該老師只是簡(jiǎn)單地評(píng)價(jià)“Nicelydone”，并未對(duì)學(xué)生“討論”和“查字典”的學(xué)習(xí)方法進(jìn)行肯定，不能很好地促學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性。四、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計(jì)20分鐘的閱讀教學(xué)方案。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：~teachingobjectives~teachingcontents~keyanddifficultpoints~majorstepsandtimeallocation~activitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：20分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通高中一年級(jí)第一學(xué)期學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》五級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：TheLifeofMarkTwainOftenthelivesofwritersresemblethelivesofthecharacterstheycreate.MarkTwain,whowroteTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnandTheAdventuresofTomSawyer,wasnoexception.Tostartwith,theauthor'sname,MarkTwain,isitselfaninvention,or"penname".Twain'srealnamewasSamuelClemens."MarkTwain",whichmeans"watermarktwo",wasacallusedbysailorsontheMississippitowarnshipmatesthattheywerecomingintoshallowwater.LikeHuck,MarkTwainledanadventurouslife.Heleftschoolearly,andasanadolescent,determinedtomakehisfortuneinSouthAmerica,setofffromhishomeinHannibal,Missouri,forNewOrleans.HewantedtotakeaboattotheAmazon,wherehethoughthecouldgetrichquickly.HearrivedinNewOrleanswithoutapennyinhispocketonlytofindthattherewerenoboatsforSouthAmerica.Forcedtochangehisplans,heworkedforseveralyearsasapilotonasteamboat,takingpassengersupanddowntheMississippi,thegreatriverwhichflowsfromthenorthoftheUSneartheCanadianborder,downtotheGulfofMexico.【答案】(2)ScanningAskstudentstolocatecertaininformationbyreadingthepassagequicklytoanswerthefollowingquestions:①IsMarkTwainhisrealname?Ifnot,whatishisrealname?②Whatdidhedowhenheworkedonthesteamboat?③Whatdidhedoafterthat?4.WhatreputationdidMarkTwinearn?(3)CarefulreadingAskstudentstoreadthepassagecarefullyandfulfillthefollowingparagraph:MarkTwainisactuallyaname,whichmeansthat__.Helivedan__life.HeleftschoolearlytoinSouthAmerica,butinOrleanshehad__andfoundnoboattoAmazon,soheworksonRiverasaonasteamboat.Afterthathebecameatowrite,whoseestablishedhimagreatreputation.Beforeshowingtheanswer,inviteafewstudentstoreadtheircompletedparagraph,andotherscanchecktheirs.(Justification:Fastreadingcanhelpstudentsgraspthemainideaandspecificinformationofthepassage.Carefulreadingcandeepenstudents'understandingofthepassage.)Step3Post-reading(5minutes)Askstudentstoworkinpairstodiscussthefollowingquestions:1.Whydothelivesofwritersresemblethelivesofcharactershecreates?HowdoestheresemblancegetreflectedbyMarkTwain?2.Canyousummarizethestructureofthepassage?五、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。簡(jiǎn)述寫作教學(xué)中“范文”的作用。(8分)并說明范文在教學(xué)中的使用步驟及每個(gè)步驟的教學(xué)目標(biāo)。(12分)【答案】(1)范文對(duì)于英語寫作主要有以下三方面的作用：①范文能夠說明所用體裁的特點(diǎn)；②范文是說明英語語篇銜接手段如何使用的最好語境；③范文能夠開闊學(xué)生的思路。(2)范文在教學(xué)中的使用步驟及每個(gè)步驟的教學(xué)目標(biāo)：①利用范文進(jìn)行謀篇布局。師生要能夠在范文的結(jié)構(gòu)和語言方面進(jìn)行討論，并弄清楚兩個(gè)問題：a．這類文章結(jié)構(gòu)和語言如何為文章的交際目的服務(wù)：b．還有哪些別的可能的結(jié)構(gòu)和語言上的變化。只有這樣，學(xué)生才能最大限度地利用范文來指導(dǎo)寫作而不受范文的限制，才有可能避免全班學(xué)生千篇一律的現(xiàn)象。(目標(biāo))②利用范文達(dá)到連貫的效果。該步驟的教學(xué)目標(biāo)是使學(xué)習(xí)者在寫作中避免出現(xiàn)連接語使用不夠的現(xiàn)象，造成文章的邏輯跳躍性很大，理解起來比較困難。也有相當(dāng)一部分學(xué)生主觀上想盡量多用連接語，以加強(qiáng)句子之間的銜接，但結(jié)果是連接語過分堆積，不僅不能增強(qiáng)語義方面的銜接力，反而往往會(huì)增加冗余信息，甚至造成語義上的邏輯混亂。這種現(xiàn)象也是寫作教學(xué)應(yīng)盡量避免的內(nèi)容。(目標(biāo))③利用范文開闊學(xué)生的寫作思路。這一階段的目標(biāo)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生積極思考的習(xí)慣，使學(xué)生能夠開闊自己的思路，這是影響學(xué)生寫作的關(guān)鍵因素。六、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。下面是一位初中英語教師在語音教學(xué)中使用的練習(xí)。Teacher′sinstruction:Lookatthewordsontheblackboard.TickthewordyouhearineachsentenceIread.Teacher′sreads:1.Idon′tlikethesesports.2.Thesepotsareverydirty.3.Lookatthatwhitecordonthewater.4.Mr.Smithwasshort.Studentstickthewordstheyhear:AB1.spotssports2.potsports【答案】(1)該片段的教學(xué)目的是鍛煉學(xué)生的辨音能力。通過在語境中進(jìn)行辨音練習(xí)，提高學(xué)生辨別[D]和[:]的發(fā)音的能力；開展語音教學(xué)，推進(jìn)學(xué)生聽、說、讀、寫各項(xiàng)技能的發(fā)展。(2)該教師采用了以下兩種教學(xué)方法：①使用最小對(duì)立體分析音差，進(jìn)行辨音練習(xí)。在音位分析中，只涉及一個(gè)音素差別的對(duì)立體叫作最小對(duì)立體。該練習(xí)教師列出的四組詞使用的都是最小對(duì)立體。②采用有意義的語言練習(xí)活動(dòng)。教師不是孤立地讀出一個(gè)單詞讓學(xué)生選擇正確的答案，而是在通過句子讓學(xué)生理解句意的基礎(chǔ)之上選擇正確的發(fā)音。(3)該教學(xué)片段體現(xiàn)了語音教學(xué)的原則有：①針對(duì)性原則。針對(duì)性原則指語音訓(xùn)練的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該放在有標(biāo)記的語音特征之上。教師要針對(duì)學(xué)生的困難進(jìn)行有針對(duì)性的指導(dǎo)。這個(gè)練習(xí)主要訓(xùn)練[:]和[D]這一對(duì)長(zhǎng)短音的區(qū)別，體現(xiàn)了這一原則。②綜合性原則。語音教學(xué)并不是孤立的發(fā)音教學(xué)，教師應(yīng)該將音素、音標(biāo)、單詞、句子及語義、語用等各個(gè)層面結(jié)合起來，把語音教學(xué)融入有意義、有情景的語言練習(xí)和任務(wù)性的語言訓(xùn)練中去，將語音同口語、交際、互動(dòng)等圍繞意思展開的語言活動(dòng)結(jié)合起來，應(yīng)注意語義與語境、語調(diào)與語流相結(jié)合。該教學(xué)片段中，教師把語音和單詞、句子結(jié)合起來，體現(xiàn)了這一原則。(4)能恰當(dāng)體現(xiàn)語音教學(xué)原則的其他三種方法有：①找出一組詞中讀音不相同的詞。教師連續(xù)讀幾個(gè)詞，有一個(gè)詞的發(fā)音與其他詞不同，請(qǐng)學(xué)生挑出發(fā)音不同的一個(gè)。該練習(xí)適用于音素教學(xué)和練習(xí)，體現(xiàn)了語音教學(xué)的針對(duì)性原則，如by—buy—bye—bay(第四個(gè)不同)。②對(duì)比學(xué)習(xí)。把相近發(fā)音的一組元音或輔音放在一起，讓學(xué)生先聽，然后對(duì)比學(xué)習(xí)，體現(xiàn)了語音教學(xué)的準(zhǔn)確性原則，例如／s／和／θ／，／i／和／i：／等。③繞口令。繞口令可以調(diào)節(jié)氣氛，可以練習(xí)熟練程度，使學(xué)生在理解語句、語篇意義的基礎(chǔ)上，在輕松愉快的氣氛中，感受英語語音的節(jié)奏美．體現(xiàn)了語音教學(xué)的趣味性原則。七、根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計(jì)20分鐘的英語寫作教學(xué)方案。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：·teachingobjectives·teachingcontents·keyanddifficultpoints·majorstepsandtimeallocation·activitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：20分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)初中一年級(jí)學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2011年版)》二級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：Writeyourownnotetoafriend.Invitehim/hertoanactivityinyourschool.Usethequestions?tohelpyou.1.What′syourfriend′sname?2.Whatdoesyourfriendliketodo?【答案】TeachingContents:Writinganoteofinvitationtoafriend.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentswillmastersomeexpressionsaboutschoolactivityandknowhowtoinviteothers.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentswilllearnhowtowriteanoteofinvitationandimprovetheabilityofwriting.(3)Emotionalobjectives①Studentswilllearntolovetheirschoollife.②StudentswillbemoreinterestedinwritinginEnglish.TeachingKeyPoints:①Studentsareabletocollectinformationaboutschoolactivity.②Studentscanmasterthemethodsandproceduresofwritinganoteofinvitation.TeachingDifficultPoint:Studentscanorganizegatheredinformationintoawholecompletepassage.MajorSteps:八、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。根據(jù)以下所給語言素材和教學(xué)目標(biāo)，完成下面問題?！菊Z言素材】A:Whatwouldyoulikeforlunch?B:I'dlikesomegreenbeans,please.A:Sure.B:Thankyou.A:Whatwouldyoulikeforlunch?C:I'dlikesomeeggplant,please.A:Sorry,noeggplant.Knowledgeobjectives:Studentscouldasksomeoneandexpressownloveforfood,suchas"Whatwouldyoulike?I'dlike...Ilike..."Abilityobjectives:Trainstudents'speakingabilitythroughdialoguepractice.Emotionalobjectives:Developstudents'goodeatinghabits.【答案】(1)教學(xué)是一種有明確目的的活動(dòng)，這種目的性滲透到課堂教學(xué)之中，便由每堂課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)來體現(xiàn)。教學(xué)目標(biāo)對(duì)于指導(dǎo)課堂教學(xué)實(shí)施具有非常重要的作用。制定教學(xué)目標(biāo)是課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)的第一步，是教師完成教學(xué)任務(wù)所要達(dá)到的要求或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。它的作用主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：①指導(dǎo)教師對(duì)教學(xué)方法、技術(shù)、媒體的選擇和運(yùn)用；②有助于教學(xué)結(jié)果的測(cè)量與評(píng)價(jià)；③引導(dǎo)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)。(2)教學(xué)目標(biāo)指的是“學(xué)生的行為”而不是“教師的行為”。因此，在教學(xué)目標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，要突出學(xué)生的主體地位，不能發(fā)生時(shí)而學(xué)生、時(shí)而教師的行為主體混亂，更不應(yīng)該是教師單純的教學(xué)行為。本案例中的教學(xué)目標(biāo)中的第二個(gè)與第三個(gè)目標(biāo)都存在著用詞不當(dāng)?shù)膯栴}?！癟rain”和“Develop”是教師的行為，不是學(xué)生的行為。(3)Knowledgeobjective:Studentscanasksomeoneandexpressownloveforfood,suchas"WhatwouldyoulikeI'dlike...Ilike...".Abilityobjective:Studentscanimprovetheirspeakingabilitythroughdialoguepractice.Emotionalobjective:Studentscandevelopgoodeatinghabits.九、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。以下是某堂課的教學(xué)材料：?Betty:HiMum,canyouhearme?Mum:Yes,Ican.Whereareyou?Betty:I'mstandingontheGreatWallofChinaandtalkingtoyou.Mum:Really?Betty:We'reonaschooltripandwe'vehavinglunch.Andwe'relyinginthesunandwe'retakinglotsofphotos.Mum:That'sgreat,Betty.Whataretheothersdoing?Betty:Well,Tonyiseatinganicecream,andLucyisbuyingsomepresentsandpostcards.AndTomiseatinglunchandlyinginthesun.Mum:Canyousendmeapostcard?Betty:Yes.LucyandIarewritingpostcards.We'reenjoyingtheschooltripalot.Anyway,we'regoinghomenow.Bye!Mum:Byebye,Betty!根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容回答以下三個(gè)問題。【答案】(1)語篇指的是實(shí)際使用的語言單位，是一次交際過程中的一系列連續(xù)的話段或句子所構(gòu)成的語言整體。根據(jù)韓禮德的觀點(diǎn)，語篇是一個(gè)語義單位或意義潛勢(shì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)化，任何一個(gè)Ll頭或書面語言片段，不論其長(zhǎng)短，只要能構(gòu)成一個(gè)語義整體，即表達(dá)完整的意思，就可以稱之為語篇。根據(jù)語篇的概念，該材料屬于會(huì)話語篇。(2)這份材料適合于口語教學(xué)。理由：①材料語言比較簡(jiǎn)單，沒有生僻詞匯，句式偏向口語化，適合用于口語練習(xí)；②選材偏向生活化，有生活氣息，適合平時(shí)與人交際使用，英語口語的最終目的就是讓學(xué)生達(dá)到溝通交流，因此會(huì)話語篇可以提供一個(gè)交流的環(huán)境。③材料以對(duì)話形式呈現(xiàn)有問有答，也有連讀和吞音部分，對(duì)于語音語調(diào)的學(xué)習(xí)都是很好的內(nèi)容。(3)考慮要素：①教學(xué)內(nèi)容要素：教學(xué)內(nèi)容是要完成的教學(xué)任務(wù)，是實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)的主要載體。因此教師在選擇材料時(shí)，將教科書作為主要依據(jù)，教材分析基本關(guān)注教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)及考點(diǎn)方面，比較注重顯性教材的運(yùn)用而忽視隱性教材的挖掘和利用，較少關(guān)注與學(xué)習(xí)教材內(nèi)容有密切關(guān)系的認(rèn)知和心理因素，以及教材對(duì)學(xué)生能力的要求，而對(duì)教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)也只是闡述其內(nèi)容，沒有做進(jìn)一步的分析。在新課改背景下，教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析既要求對(duì)顯性教材的運(yùn)用，也要求對(duì)隱性教材的挖掘和利用。②教學(xué)對(duì)象要素：學(xué)生是分析教學(xué)任務(wù)必須要考慮的因素，分析學(xué)生是為了幫助學(xué)生解決學(xué)習(xí)中的困難，完成教學(xué)任務(wù)。教師應(yīng)該做到以下兩點(diǎn)：一是要了解教學(xué)活動(dòng)開始前學(xué)生在認(rèn)知、情感、態(tài)度等方面已經(jīng)達(dá)到了什么樣的水平，這一水平標(biāo)志著學(xué)生已經(jīng)能做什么，說什么，想明白了什么等(即學(xué)生的學(xué)歷和學(xué)情)。這是學(xué)生掌握新的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)的起點(diǎn)水平。二是要了解教授了教學(xué)材料后預(yù)期學(xué)生在認(rèn)知、情感、態(tài)度等方面必須達(dá)到的狀態(tài)。對(duì)這種狀態(tài)的把握最終會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為確定的教學(xué)任務(wù)與具體的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)。只有當(dāng)教師對(duì)教學(xué)前和教學(xué)后這兩種狀態(tài)的差距做到心中有數(shù)時(shí)．才能根據(jù)學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況．確定恰當(dāng)?shù)慕虒W(xué)內(nèi)容。③教學(xué)目標(biāo)要素：教學(xué)目標(biāo)是教育者在教學(xué)過程中，希望受教育者達(dá)到的要求或產(chǎn)生的變化結(jié)果，也是教師完成教學(xué)任務(wù)的歸宿。新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從關(guān)注學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)出發(fā)，強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的主體，教學(xué)目標(biāo)是教學(xué)活動(dòng)中師生共同追求的，而不是由教師所操縱的。因此，教學(xué)目標(biāo)的主體顯然應(yīng)該是學(xué)生。教師在選擇教學(xué)材料的同時(shí)也要以學(xué)生為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，思考需要完成怎樣的教學(xué)目標(biāo)或達(dá)到怎樣的教學(xué)效果。一十、下面是某教師的課堂教學(xué)片段：T:...Now,let'smakeourownwisheswith"ifonly".Butpleasedon'tforgettogiveadescription,eventhoughit'sverybrief,ofsituation,thecontext,whereyoumakethewishwithoneortwosentences...HowaboutLiz?Liz:Nowit's5o'clock,andthereisatrafficjamontheexpressway.Thehotelwillcancelourroomat6o'clockifwedonotgettothehotel.Then,I'llsay:Oh,IwishifonlyIdidn'tgoonthejourney.T:Listen,Liz.Yousee,onceyouuse"Iwish",youdon'tneedtouse"ifonly".Justuseeitherone.Liz:Yes.T:Sowillyoutryagain?Justthewish.Liz:IfonlyIdidn'tgoonthejourney.T:Tomakeitbetter,youcansay"ifonlyIhadn'tgoneonthisjourney",becauseyouarealreadyontheway.Goon,please.請(qǐng)根據(jù)所給材料，分析該教師的教學(xué)目的和教學(xué)過程，評(píng)價(jià)其教學(xué)行為和反饋方式?！敬鸢浮?1)分析教學(xué)目的和教學(xué)過程①教學(xué)目的：知識(shí)目標(biāo)：學(xué)生掌握由ifonly引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣的用法。技能目標(biāo)：提高學(xué)生的英語造句能力、語法運(yùn)用能力以及英語表達(dá)能力。情感目標(biāo)：學(xué)生可以正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己的錯(cuò)誤并且改正錯(cuò)誤，養(yǎng)成良好的意志品質(zhì)。②教學(xué)過程：該教學(xué)情境屬于語法教學(xué)中的鞏固環(huán)節(jié)。教師采用讓學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)語境進(jìn)行造句的方法對(duì)所學(xué)的ifonly引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣的用法進(jìn)行鞏固。教學(xué)過程中師生對(duì)話，既學(xué)習(xí)了語法又鍛煉了口語表達(dá)能力。(2)評(píng)價(jià)教學(xué)行為和反饋方式優(yōu)：①及時(shí)評(píng)價(jià)，幫助學(xué)生糾正語法錯(cuò)誤。做到語法訓(xùn)練的準(zhǔn)確性。②語法鞏固練習(xí)設(shè)置要求學(xué)生結(jié)合具體語境造句．可以鍛煉學(xué)生在自己所創(chuàng)設(shè)的語境中應(yīng)用英語，鍛煉了語言綜合運(yùn)用能力。③教學(xué)素材的使用貼近學(xué)生生活．如：makeourownwishes就可以讓學(xué)生有話可說，體現(xiàn)了英語教學(xué)的實(shí)踐性，真正體現(xiàn)了素質(zhì)教育的理念。④該教學(xué)片段屬于語法教學(xué)中的鞏固環(huán)節(jié)，因此，體現(xiàn)了語言教學(xué)的漸進(jìn)性、持續(xù)性。缺：①語法鞏固練習(xí)形式顯單一枯燥。該教師僅采用了讓學(xué)生造句的練習(xí)方法。②反饋過程缺少對(duì)學(xué)生的鼓勵(lì)．會(huì)打擊學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性。學(xué)生回答問題之后，沒有鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生，而是直接“Listen，Liz．Yousee，onceyouuse…”③反饋的方式過于直接，可以采用引導(dǎo)的方式，讓學(xué)生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的語法錯(cuò)誤并進(jìn)行改正，達(dá)到印象深刻的目的。該老師在教學(xué)過程中總是直接指出學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤。④教師沒有充分預(yù)料到學(xué)生的出錯(cuò)點(diǎn)，做到提前糾錯(cuò)。如在讓學(xué)生造句之前．應(yīng)該區(qū)別ifonly和wish在虛擬語氣句子中的用法。這樣在學(xué)生造句過程中就不會(huì)出現(xiàn)Liz的問題了。一十一、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計(jì)20分鐘的英語閱讀教學(xué)方案。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：·teachingobjectives·teachingcontents·keyanddifficultpoints·majorstepsandtimeallocation·activitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：20分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通高中一年級(jí)(第一學(xué)期)，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人，多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》五級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：BodyLanguageDebbieandSimonhavepart-timejobsatatravelagency.ItisSaturdaymorningandtheyaresittingintheoffice.DebbieandSimonlookedupasawell-dressedladyentered.Theladyglancedatthemboth,thenwalkedovertoDebbie.Debbiegreetedhercheerfully."Hello,"theladysaid."Iwanttogobytrainfrom..."【答案】TeachingContents:Thispassageintroducestheopinionthatbodylanguageplaysaveryimportantpartinpeo-ple'sworkanddailycommunication.TeachingObjectives:?(1)Knowledgeobjective?Studentsareabletounderstandthecontentandknowtheimportanceofbodylanguage.?(2)Abilityobjective?Studentscanimprovetheabilityofcommunicationaswellastheirreadingskills.?(3)Emotionalobjective?Studentswillhavethedesiretousetheirbodylanguagetocommunicatewithpeopleindailylife.?TeachingKeyandDifficultPoints:?Studentscanusedifferentreadingstrategiesaccordingtodifferentreadingpurposesandknowtheimportanceof?bodylanguage.?MajorSteps:?Step1Pre-reading(6minutes)?(1)Introduction?PlayadumbshowofCharlieChaplin'sTheGreatDictator.Aftertheclipaskthestudents"CharlieChaplindid?notspeakoneword.Whycanyouunderstandhimclearly?"Theywillknowthebodylanguagecanbeusedtoexpress?one'sfeelingsandideas.?(2)Prediction?一十二、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。課后作業(yè)布置體現(xiàn)“差異性原則”。簡(jiǎn)述你對(duì)“差異性原則”的理解，并從作業(yè)類型、作業(yè)難度和作業(yè)量三個(gè)方面舉例說明如何布置作業(yè)?！敬鸢浮?1)課后作業(yè)的差異性原則是指作業(yè)要分層次。課堂教學(xué)要遵循因材施教的原則，作業(yè)布置也一樣，需要考慮學(xué)生的個(gè)性差異，重視學(xué)生的個(gè)性發(fā)展。作業(yè)內(nèi)容要適應(yīng)不同層次學(xué)生的不同的心理特征。要利用每個(gè)學(xué)生在興趣、動(dòng)機(jī)、意志、能力、思維品質(zhì)等方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)，促進(jìn)其知識(shí)的鞏固與增長(zhǎng)。對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)程度不同的學(xué)生要有不同的要求．不能搞“一刀切”。要讓優(yōu)等生吃得飽，也要讓學(xué)困生不感到太難。要讓每個(gè)學(xué)生都有成就感，都感到自己在進(jìn)步。使他們都能有收獲，都能享受到成功的快樂。比如當(dāng)完成一個(gè)單元的教學(xué)內(nèi)容后，給優(yōu)等生布置綜合性的作業(yè)，包括寫作、翻譯、復(fù)述課文等；給學(xué)困生布置容易一點(diǎn)的作業(yè)，如單詞記憶、補(bǔ)充句子、背誦課文等。(2)布置作業(yè)時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下三個(gè)方面：①類型多樣