2023年湖南省邵陽市高考英語二模試卷及答案解析

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2023年湖南省邵陽市高考英語二模試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AHeading

out

of

the

Scottish

Borders

and

west

into

Dumfries

&Galloway，there

are

plenty

of

sights

still

to

see

on

the

journey.

GREY

MARE'S

TAIL

As

one

of

the

UK's

highest

waterfalls，Rey

Mare's

Tail

is

well

worth

a

stop.Park

up

at

the

car

park，and

just

along

a

short

path，you

can

stand

and

admire

this

tall，natural

feature

as

the

water

pours

down

the

hanging

valley.On

the

other

side

from

the

first

path

is

a

second

path，following

the

path，and

you'll

reach

Loch

Skeen，a

beautiful

glassy

swimming

pool

of

mountain

water

available

for

travellers.

MOFFAT

After

you

walk

head

to

nearby

Moffat

for

a

short

stroll

around

the

town，you

can

have

something

to

eat

in

one

of

the

cafes

or

restaurants.If

you've

got

time

to

spare，Moffat

is

Europe's

first

Dark

Sky

Town，so

as

soon

as

the

sun

sets，you

get

a

better

view

of

the

night

sky

thanks

to

the

special

street

lighting.

WANLOCKHEAD

Take

a

drive

further

west

into

Dumfries

&

Galloway

and

you'll

soon

reach

the

dizzy

heights

of

not

just

the

south

of

Scotland，but

all

of

Scotland!Wanlockhead

is

Scotland's

highest

village，which

won't

come

as

a

surprise

once

you're

there.

CRAWICK

MULTIVERSE

Just

a

short

drive

from

the

highest

village，is

a

good

place

to

stretch

your

legs

and

see

a

different

place

on

the

area's

local

industry.Crawick

Multiverse

has

used

landscape

art

to

transform

a

former

open

cast

coal

mine

into

a

55-acre

artland，visitor

attraction

and

public

space.1.What's

special

about

Grey

Mare's

Tail？

A.Its

water

is

the

purest.

B.You

can

swim

in

Loch

Skeen.

C.There

is

a

famous

valley

there.

D.It's

the

largest

waterfall

in

the

US.2.Which

of

the

following

is

the

highest

altitude

in

Scotland？

A.Dumfries

&

Galloway. B.Dark

Sky

Town.

C.Wanlockhead. D.Crawick

Multiverse.3.Which

column

of

the

website

can

you

read

this

text？

A.Culture. B.Advertisement. C.Education. D.Travel.BThe

first

essay

I

wrote

for

my

history

of

English

class

was

perfect，at

least

from

my

perspective.I

had

worked

on

it

constantly

and

couldn't

wait

to

get

my

grade

back.I

handed

it

in

with

pride.

Two

weeks

later，I

received

my

grade：a

D.The

pages

were

covered

in

red

writing，pointing

out

errors.There

must

have

been

a

mistake.

University

started

later

for

me

than

most.The

opportunity

wasn't

available

when

I

was

younger

—

too

many

kids

in

our

family

and

too

little

money.But

I

never

stopped

wondering

what

university

would

have

been

like.I

was

in

my

40s

when

I

sent

in

my

application

and

as

a

part-time

student，I

will

be

in

my

60s

before

I'm

finished.That's

my

goal.

What's

it

like

to

be

the

old

guy

in

a

class

full

of

20-year-olds？It's

strange.They

pretty

much

ignored

me，and

I

ignored

them.They

also

ignored

each

other.However，after

we

had

more

group

work

together，people

started

to

communicate.Although

I

was

an

English

major，some

of

my

favorite

classes

were

unrelated

electives.Courses

in

art

history

and

Greek

and

Roman

history

were

fascinating.I

was

eager

to

do

well.

I

arranged

a

meeting

to

discuss

my

essay

grade

and

arrived

10

minutes

early

to

meet

the

teacher's

assistant.I

was

ready

to

argue

for

the

brilliance

of

my

paper.However，she

quickly

explained

to

me

that

the

paper

failed

to

make

a

strong

argument.The

mark

remained.

While

I

kept

studying

and

kept

learning，I

learned

to

love

two

dozen

writers

I

had

never

heard

of

before

and

explored

types

of

literature

I

had

never

examined.Eventually，I

learned

how

to

write

an

essay

in

proper

academic

prose.

University

is

different

when

you

are

a

senior，part-time

student.If

you

are

there

to

establish

a

career

or

because

your

parents

force

you

to

go，there

are

other

pressures.For

me，it's

just

learning.Whether

I'm

learning

remotely

or

in

person，it

makes

the

world

a

bigger，richer

place.4.How

did

the

writer

feel

after

receiving

the

grade

of

his

first

essay？

A.Hopeless. B.Pleased. C.Excited. D.Surprised.5.Why

did

the

writer

start

university

later

than

others？

A.His

application

was

refused.

B.His

teacher

disliked

his

essay.

C.His

health

did

not

meet

the

standard.

D.His

family

was

not

rich

enough.6.What

helped

the

writer

in

writing

a

proper

academic

essay？

A.Strong

curiosity. B.Constant

efforts.

C.Great

pressure. D.Remarkable

creativity.7.Which

would

be

the

best

title

for

the

passage？

A.Practice

Makes

Perfect.

B.Not

All

That

Shines

Is

Gold.

C.Where

There

Is

A

Will，There

Is

A

Way.

D.Action

Speaks

Louder

Than

Words.COur

Planet

Earth

is

full

of

life

and

has

incredible

biodiversity.Biological

Diversity

or

Biodiversity

is

the

base

of

human

existence

and

fundamental

to

its

well-being.Species

are

the

building

blocks

of

this

life

on

Earth，and

it

is

believed

that

the

species

that

are

at

present

globally

found

have

continuously

evolved

over

65

million

years

since

the

Last

Mass

Extinction.However，the

nature

and

extent

of

our

planet's

biodiversity

at

all

levels

have

not

been

completely

evaluated

yet.Thus，the

exact

number

of

species

found

in

the

world

remains

unknown.Over

the

years，with

the

advancement

of

scientific

knowledge

and

the

discovery

of

more

new

species，it

has

been

approximated

that

there

are，at

present，10

million

to

14

million

species

on

Earth，of

which

1.2

million

species

have

been

data-based.This

means

that

still

more

than

86%

of

the

terrestrial（陸生的）

and

91%

of

the

marine

species

remain

unknown.

Every

year，taxonomists（分類學(xué)家）describe

thousands

of

species，some

of

which

are

completely

new

to

science，while

in

some

cases，the

species

and

subspecies

are

closely

examined

and

determined

whether

they

can

be

considered

distinct

species.

A

study

has

revealed

that

over

99.9%

of

all

species

amounting

to

more

than

5

billion

species

that

ever

lived

here，are

believed

to

be

extinct.At

present，our

planet

houses

millions

of

species，among

which

86%

live

on

land，13%

in

the

deep

subsurface，and

a

mere

1%

in

the

oceans.However，Biodiversity

is

not

evenly

distributed

on

Earth，and

its

number

varies

greatly

on

different

continents.

The

undiscovered

and

misidentified

species

slow

our

ability

to

understand

patterns

and

changes

in

global

biodiversity

and

the

rate

of

species

extinctions（滅絕）.Even

after

several

years

of

taxonomic

studies，only

14%

of

terrestrial

species

and

9%

of

marine

species

have

been

officially

added

to

the

central

database.Necessarily，some

species

will

become

extinct

before

researchers

realize

they

ever

existed.8.What

does

the

underlined

word

"marine"

mean

in

Paragraph

1？

A.Rare. B.Oceanic. C.Endangered. D.Novel.9.What

do

taxonomists

usually

do？

A.Examine

distribution

of

species.

B.Compare

species

from

subspecies.

C.Decide

the

situation

of

the

species.

D.Describe

diversity

of

new-found

species.10.Which

of

the

following

can

describe

the

distribution

of

the

Earth's

Biodiversity？

A.Unequal. B.Accumulative. C.Average. D.Maximum.11.What

can

be

inferred

from

the

last

paragraph？

A.The

central

database

covers

all

species.

B.The

rate

of

species

extinctions

is

rather

high.

C.Many

undiscovered

species

have

been

extinct.

D.Humans

know

little

about

endangered

species.DIf

you've

ever

emerged

from

the

shower

or

returned

from

walking

your

dog

with

a

clever

idea

or

a

solution

to

a

problem

you'd

been

struggling

with，it

may

not

be

an

unusual

thing.

Rather

than

constantly

wearing

yourself

out

at

a

problem

or

desperately

seeking

a

flash

of

inspiration，research

from

the

last

15

years

suggests

that

people

may

be

more

likely

to

have

creative

breakthroughs

or

insights

when

they're

doing

a

habitual

task

that

doesn't

require

much

thought

—

an

activity

in

which

you're

basically

on

autopilot.This

lets

your

mind

wander

or

engage

in

spontaneous

cognition

or

"stream

of

consciousness"

thinking，which

experts

believe

helps

recollect

unusual

memories

and

generate

new

ideas.

"People

always

get

surprised

when

they

realize

they

get

interesting，novel

ideas

at

unexpected

times

because

our

cultural

narrative

tells

us

we

should

do

it

through

hard

work，"

says

Kalina

Christoff，a

cognitive

neuroscientist

at

the

University

of

British

Columbia

in

Vancouver.

"It's

a

pretty

universal

human

experience."

Now

we're

beginning

to

understand

why

these

clever

thoughts

occur

during

more

passive

activities

and

what's

happening

in

the

brain，says

Christoff.The

key，according

to

the

latest

research，is

a

pattern

of

brain

activity

—

within

what's

called

the

default

mode

network

—

that

occurs

while

an

individual

is

resting

or

performing

habitual

tasks

that

don't

require

much

attention.

Researchers

have

shown

that

the

default

mode

network

（DMN）

—

which

connects

more

than

a

dozen

regions

of

the

brain

—

becomes

more

active

during

mind-wandering

or

passive

tasks

than

when

you're

doing

something

that

demands

focus.Simply

put，the

DMN

is

"the

state

the

brain

returns

to

when

you're

not

actively

engaged，"

explains

Roger

Beaty，a

cognitive

neuroscientist

and

director

of

the

Cognitive

Neuroscience

of

Creativity

Lab

at

Penn

State

University.By

contrast，when

you're

trapped

in

a

demanding

task，the

brain's

executive

control

systems

keep

your

thinking

focused，analytical，and

logical.

A

cautionary

note：While

the

default

mode

network

plays

a

key

role

in

the

creative

process，

"it's

not

the

only

important

network，"

Beaty

says.

"Other

networks

come

into

play

as

far

as

modifying，rejecting，or

implementing

ideas."

So

it's

unwise

to

place

blind

faith

in

ideas

that

are

generated

in

the

shower

or

during

any

other

period

of

mind

wandering.12.When

do

people

expect

to

get

an

innovative

idea

according

to

the

research？

A.When

doing

routine

work.

B.When

working

attentively.

C.When

tackling

tough

problems.

D.When

desperately

seeking

inspirations.13.What

is

the

cultural

perception

for

getting

exciting，unusual

ideas？

A.Getting

by

good

luck. B.Getting

by

great

efforts.

C.Getting

by

unexpected

accident. D.Getting

by

universal

experience.14.Who

is

most

likely

to

get

a

novel

idea？

A.A

student

who

is

playing

football.

B.A

student

who

is

focusing

on

papers.

C.A

student

who

is

closely

monitoring

his

research.

D.A

student

who

is

fully

engaged

in

math

questions.15.What

does

the

last

paragraph

imply？

A.We

can

get

novel

ideas

by

the

default

mode

network.

B.we

should

take

the

idea

popped

in

the

shower

seriously.

C.Believe

in

ideas

that

are

generated

by

the

default

mode

network.

D.Think

twice

before

putting

ideas

playfully

crossing

your

mind

into

practice.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）

Somepeopleprefertohaveabitetoeatbeforehittingthegym,knownasafedworkout.Otherswouldliketowaituntilafterexercisingtorefueltheirbodies,calledafastedworkout.

(1)

Manyexpertssaythere'snoeasyanswerbecauseitdependsontheperson.

Ifyouwantenergyandstrengthforanidealworkout,youneedfuel.Afedworkoutwillprovideyourbodywithpower.Eatingbeforeexercisemayhelpyousustainlongersessionsandliftheavierweights.

(2)

Musclepreservationisalsoanessentialcomponentofstrengtheningyourbody.Nitrogen(氮)iscriticalforprocessingproteinthatbuildshealthymuscles.Peopletendtoloselessnitrogenduringafedworkoutthanafastedone.

Manyfitnessenthusiastsarenotonboardwiththisidea.Theyreportfeelingsickandinactivewhiletryingtoexerciseaftereating.Withafastedworkout,youmaynotgettheusualindigestion.Expertsforfastedworkoutsfurtherclaimthateatingafterwardsmakesyourbodyuseitsfatreservesforenergy,meaningyouwillburnmorefat.

(3)

Itcancauseasuddendropinyourbloodglucose(葡萄糖)levels,andyoumayfeeldizzy.Youmayevenbemorelikelytoovereat.

(4)

Notallfoodsarecreatedequal.Forexample,ifyouchooseafedworkout,you'llprobablylosealotofwaterduringanintensetraining,soyoushouldconsiderdrinkingsomebeforehand.Withafastedworkout,itwouldhelpifyouhadsomenutritionrightafteryoursessioniscomplete.Drinksomewater.Then,havealightmealornutritionalsnack.

Decidingwhentoeatforanidealworkoutisapersonalchoice.Bothfastedworkoutsandfedactivitieshavetheirbenefitsandshortcomings.

(5)

A.However,afastedworkoutmightnotworkforyou.

B.Howyourbodywillrespondisbasedonyourworkoutintensity.

C.Thesebenefitscanresultinburningmorefatandshapingaslimmerbody.

D.Toeatornottoeat,thatisthequestiononmanyfitnessenthusiasts'minds.

E.Thinkthoroughlyanddiscusswithyourfitnessinstructorbeforetakingachoice.

F.Knowingwhattoeatforanidealworkoutisjustasimportantasknowingwhentoeat.

G.Apersondoinga30-minutesessionadaymaynothaveaproblemwithfastedworkouts.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Most

of

us

associate

learning

with

younger

people

—

kids

in

school

and

college

or

recent

graduates

early

in

their

careers.But

at

Udemy，an

open

university

offering

online

courses，Artist

Anneke

Camstra

is

（1）

in

the

pursuit

of

lifelong

learning

and

shows

her

potential

for

teaching.She

loves

the

（2）

of

gaining

new

knowledge

and

also

loves

（3）

it

with

others.

She

reaches

countless

people

with

her

online

courses

and

exposes

them

to

what

they

can

（4）

on

their

own

using

animation

software，such

as

Go

Animate

and

Pow

Toon.Her

（5）

for

teaching

on

Udemy

is

"to

get

the

tools

to

the

people."

She

hopes

people

can

go

such

a

long

way

to

make

things

that

look

（6）

but

still

have

their

own

voice.

Most

of

Anneke's

students

start

out

thinking

they're

not

creative

and

can't

（7）

.Anneke

understands

how

（8）

can

get

in

the

way

of

so

many

things

people

dream

of

doing.With

her

five-day

challenge

courses，she

helps

them

（9）

the

fear.Anneke

loves

the

effect

she

has

on

her

（10）

.What

makes

her

more

（11）

of

them

is

that

they

have

gone

from

their

first

animation

to

（12）

their

own

works.

She

encourages

people

of

all

ages，

（13）

older

people，to

develop

their

（14）

for

life.Grandparents，for

example，can

learn

to

use

Go

Animate

and

make

animations

together

with

their

grandkids.

As

an

older

woman，teaching

and

having

fun

learning

again，Anneke

wants

others

later

in

their

（15）

to

catch

up

with

her

on

this

journey.21.

A.lacking B.disappointed C.engaged D.trapped22.

A.condition B.purpose C.method D.experience23.

A.combining B.mixing C.sharing D.connecting24.

A.accomplish B.observe C.send D.decorate25.

A.motivation B.influence C.effort D.request26.

A.effective B.obvious C.professional D.typical27.

A.imagine B.draw C.write D.play28.

A.concern B.anxiety C.desire D.fear29.

A.worry

about B.get

over C.focus

on D.hold

up30.

A.children B.colleagues C.students D.friends31.

A.proud B.careful C.ashamed D.afraid32.

A.examining B.describing C.buying D.creating33.

A.absolutely B.eventually C.fortunately D.especially34.

A.curiosity B.humor C.generosity D.responsibility35.

A.tasks B.lives C.dreams D.thanks四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.Diaojiaolou

is

a

traditional

residence

of

several

ethnic

minorities

in

China

such

as

the

Miao，Zhuang，Buyi

and

Tujia

people.You

can

find

a

group

of

these

houses

（1）

（locate）

beside

a

river

or

in

the

mountainous

areas

of

Yunnan，Guangxi，Hunan

and

Sichuan.The

history

of

Diaojiaolou

（2）

（stretch）

back

1400

years.

The

traditional

residence，typically

two

to

three

stories

high，is

a

wooden

house

built

on

stilts

（柱子）.The

unusual

structure

is

considered

（3）

masterpiece

of

clever

carpentry.The

high

hanging

floors

of

the

structure

（4）

（hold）

up

by

wooden

stilts，which

give

the

house

an

unsteady

appearance

from

afar.But

a

Diaojiaolou

is，in

fact，firmly

fixed

because

its

stilts

are

further

reinforced

by

stone

blocks

at

their

bases.Even

if

one

of

the

stilts

were

destroyed，the

building

would

still

have

a

strong

foundation.The

ground

floor

tends

（5）

（use）

as

storage

space

for

firewood

and

farming

equipment.Livestock

stay

on

the

ground

floor，while

people

always

live

（6）

it.

One

of

the

（7）

（benefit）

of

Diaojiaolou

is

that，

（8）

in

ancient

times，these

stilted

buildings

would

provide

protection

from

fierce

beasts.Nowadays

they

continue

to

provide

protection

from

venomous

snakes

and

insects

that

are

not

uncommon

throughout

China.These

buildings

also

help

prevent

humidity-related

diseases

that

are

common

in

southern

China.

（9）

（additional），the

cool

breeze

blowing

through

the

windows

of

the

upper

levels

acts

like

a

kind

of

natural

air

conditioner.In

mountainous

regions，the

level

of

humidity

on

the

ground

during

summer

is

almost

（10）

（bear）

and

potentially

dangerous，so

elevated

living

spaces

are

particularly

necessary.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.今年，重慶山火和瀘定地震中涌現(xiàn)出了很多青年榜樣：00

后消防員，00

后志愿者等。你校正在組織

"We

Should

Shoulder

the

Responsibility"

英語征文活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你投稿。

內(nèi)容包括：

1.青年榜樣的突出品質(zhì)；

2.他們對(duì)你的影響；

3.呼吁年輕人向他們學(xué)習(xí)。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)

80

左右；

2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

We

Should

Shoulder

the

Responsibility_______________38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Mortywascheckingouthislibrarybookswhenitcaughthiseye-aposterforAdventureRocksKidsCamp."Checkthisout!"MortycalledtoBenandFredashegrabbedthreebrochuresanddashedtocatchupwithhisbestbuddies.Theyallstopped，booksinhands，tostareatthepicturesofkidsflyingabovecanyonssuspendedfromziplines.Theyinstantlybelievedthebrochure'sheadline：Summerwon'tbecompleteuntilyouTakeittotheLimitatAdventureRocksKidsCamp.

Benbrokethesilence，"Wehavelessthantwoweeksuntilregistrationopens，anditsaysthecampfillsupfast."ThenanideapoppedintoMorty'shead."Whydon'tweselllemonadeandsnacksbythesideoftheroad？Wecanpoolourallowancesavingsforthecamp.""That'sagreatIdea，"Bensaid.

ThesunhadbarelycomeuponSaturdaymorningwhenthekidssetuptheirbusiness.Theychoseaspot，askedpermissionfromthehomeowner，andthenaskedtousehergardenhoseforwatertomakelemonade.

TheirbusinesswentsmoothlyuntilBenannouncedthattheyhadacomparativelysmallstockoflemonsshortlyafternoon.Mortydecidedtomaketheirstockgofurther."Fred，whenthejuggetsdowntoone-fourthfull，justfillittothetopwiththewaterhose."Mortywasthinkingoutloud，"I'llchangethesignandcharge30morecentsforeachcupoflemonade."Theirbusinesswentonandthethreeweresecretlyproudofthelittletrickstheyhaddone.

JustasMortyfinishedrefillingthejugwithwaterforthethirdtime，avehicleroundedthecomer.Mortysawtheminivanwithhisfatheratthewheelandhisfamilyinside.Theypulleduptothesidewalk，andhisbrothersandsistersjumpedout，eachclutchingacoinortwo.Theywereeagertosupporttheirbrother'sbustlingbusiness.Morty'sfamilyboughtthelastofthebrowniesanddrankthelastdropofwatered-downlemonade.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡得相應(yīng)位置作答。

Morty'sfatherfrownedatthesipofthelemonade.

______

Theydecidedtofixtheirwrongdoingsthenextweek.

______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GREY

MARE'S

TAIL部分最后一句On

the

other

side

from

the

first

path

is

a

second

path，following

the

path，and

you'll

reach

Loch

Skeen，a

beautiful

glassy

swimming

pool

of

mountain

water

available

for

travellers.（在第一條路的另一邊是第二條路，沿著這條路走，你會(huì)到達(dá)Loch

Skeen，一個(gè)美麗的玻璃般的游泳池，供旅行者使用）可知，Grey

Mare's

Tail的特別之處在于你可以在Loch

Skeen游泳。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WANLOCKHEAD部分最后一句Wanlockhead

is

Scotland's

highest

village，which

won't

come

as

a

surprise

once

you're

there.（Wanlockhead是蘇格蘭海拔最高的村莊，一旦你到了那里就不會(huì)感到驚訝了）可知，Wanlockhead是蘇格蘭海拔最高的地方。故選C。

（3）文章出處題。根據(jù)文章第一段Heading

out

of

the

Scottish

Borders

and

west

into

Dumfries

&Galloway，there

are

plenty

of

sights

still

to

see

on

the

journey.（從蘇格蘭邊境出發(fā)，向西進(jìn)入Dumfries和Galloway，在旅途中還有很多景點(diǎn)要看）可知，本文主要介紹了蘇格蘭的四處特色景點(diǎn)。由此可推出，讀者可以在網(wǎng)站上旅游專欄讀到這篇文章。A．Culture.文化；B．Advertisement.廣告；C．Education.教育；D．Travel.旅行。故選D。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了蘇格蘭的四處特色景點(diǎn)。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文等線索確定詞義。

4~7.【答案】D、D、B、C【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Thepageswerecoveredinredwriting，pointingouterrors.Theremusthavebeenamistake.（書頁上用紅色字體標(biāo)出錯(cuò)誤。一定是弄錯(cuò)了）同時(shí)結(jié)合第一段講的"作者對(duì)自己的論文很滿意"可知，作者在收到第一篇論文的分?jǐn)?shù)后覺得驚訝。A．Hopeless.無望的；B．Pleased.高興的；C．Excited.興奮的；D．Surprised.驚訝的。故選D。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Universitystartedlaterformethanmost.Theopportunitywasn'tavailablewhenIwasyounger—toomanykidsinourfamilyandtoolittlemoney.（我上大學(xué)比大多數(shù)人都晚。在我年輕的時(shí)候，沒有這樣的機(jī)會(huì)家里孩子太多，錢太少）可知，作者上大學(xué)比其他人晚是因?yàn)樗募彝ゲ粔蚋辉?。故選D。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段While

I

kept

studying

and

kept

learning，I

learned

to

love

two

dozen

writers

I

had

never

heard

of

before

and

explored

types

of

literature

I

had

never

examined.Eventually，I

learned

how

to

write

an

essay

in

proper

academic

prose.（在我不斷學(xué)習(xí)的過程中，我學(xué)會(huì)欣賞二十幾位我從未聽說過的作家，并探索了我從未研究過的文學(xué)類型。最終，我學(xué)會(huì)了如何用正確的學(xué)術(shù)散文寫一篇文章）可知，不斷的努力幫助作者寫出一篇合適的學(xué)術(shù)論文。A．Strong

curiosity.強(qiáng)烈的好奇心；B．Constant

efforts.不斷努力；C．Great

pressure.壓力很大；D．Remarkable

creativity.非凡的創(chuàng)造力。故選B。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第二段While

I

kept

studying

and

kept

learning，I

learned

to

love

two

dozen

writers

I

had

never

heard

of

before

and

explored

types

of

literature

I

had

never

examined.Eventually，I

learned

how

to

write

an

essay

in

proper

academic

prose.（在我不斷學(xué)習(xí)的過程中，我學(xué)會(huì)欣賞二十幾位我從未聽說過的作家，并探索了我從未研究過的文學(xué)類型。最終，我學(xué)會(huì)了如何用正確的學(xué)術(shù)散文寫一篇文章）可知，本文主要講的是作者在40多歲的時(shí)候申請(qǐng)成為一名兼職學(xué)生，之后不斷努力學(xué)習(xí)，終于能夠?qū)懗鲆黄线m的學(xué)術(shù)論文的故事，說明了"有志者事競成"這個(gè)道理，因此最好的題目是C選項(xiàng)"Where

There

Is

A

Will，There

Is

A

Way（有志者事竟成）"，故選C。

這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講的是作者在40多歲的時(shí)候申請(qǐng)成為一名兼職學(xué)生，之后不斷努力學(xué)習(xí)，終于能夠?qū)懗鲆黄线m的學(xué)術(shù)論文的故事。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文等線索確定詞義。

8~11.【答案】B、C、A、C【解析】（1）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段Thismeansthatstillmorethan86%oftheterrestrial（陸生的）and91%ofthemarine

speciesremainunknown.（這意味著仍有超過86%的陸地物種和91%的marine物種未知）中的"morethan86%oftheterrestrial"可知，劃線詞指與"陸生"相對(duì)，即"海生的"，與B項(xiàng)"oceanic"意思相同。A．Rare.罕見的；B．Oceanic.海生的；C．Endangered.瀕危的；D．Novel.新穎的。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段while

in

some

cases，the

species

and

subspecies

are

closely

examined

and

determined

whether

they

can

be

considered

distinct

species.（而在某些情況下，這些物種和亞種會(huì)被仔細(xì)檢查，以確定它們是否可以被視為不同的物種）可知，分類學(xué)家通常會(huì)確定物種的情況。故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段However，Biodiversity

is

not

evenly

distributed

on

Earth，and

its

number

varies

greatly

on

different

continents.（然而，生物多樣性在地球上的分布并不均勻，在不同的大陸上，生物多樣性的數(shù)量差異很大）可知，地球上的生物多樣性的分布是不均的，不同洲的生物種類的數(shù)量大為不同。A．Unequal.不平等的；B．Accumulative.積累的；C．Average.平均的；D．Maximum.最大值的。故選A。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Necessarily，some

species

will

become

extinct

before

researchers

realize

they

ever

existed.（一些物種必然會(huì)在研究人員意識(shí)到它們?cè)?jīng)存在過之前滅絕）可知，許多未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的物種已經(jīng)滅絕。故選C。

這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了地球上存在的生物多樣性和物種的數(shù)量。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文等線索確定詞義。

12~15.【答案】A、B、A、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Ratherthanconstantlywearingyourselfoutataproblemordesperatelyseekingaflashofinspiration，researchfromthelast15yearssuggeststhatpeoplemaybemorelikelytohavecreativebreakthroughsorinsightswhenthey'redoingahabitualtaskthatdoesn'trequiremuchthought—anactivityinwhichyou'rebasicallyonautopilot.（過去15年的研究表明，當(dāng)人們?cè)谧鲆豁?xiàng)不需要太多思考的習(xí)慣性任務(wù)時(shí)（基本上處于自動(dòng)駕駛狀態(tài)），而不是不斷地在一個(gè)問題上讓自己筋疲力盡或拼命尋找靈感閃現(xiàn)時(shí)，他們可能更有可能獲得創(chuàng)造性突破或洞察力）可知，根據(jù)研究，人們預(yù)期會(huì)在日常工作的時(shí)候能得到一個(gè)創(chuàng)新的想法。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Peoplealwaysgetsurprisedwhentheyrealizetheygetinteresting，novelideasatunexpectedtimesbecauseourculturalnarrativetellsusweshoulddoitthroughhardwork，"saysKalinaChristoff，acognitiveneuroscientistattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainVancouver.（"當(dāng)人們意識(shí)到他們?cè)谝庀氩坏降臅r(shí)候得到了有趣、新穎的想法時(shí)，他們總是感到驚訝，因?yàn)槲覀兊奈幕瘮⑹赂嬖V我們，我們應(yīng)該通過努力工作來實(shí)現(xiàn)它，"溫哥華不列顛哥倫比亞大學(xué)的認(rèn)知神經(jīng)科學(xué)家KalinaChristoff說）可知，獲得令人興奮的、不尋常的想法的文化觀念是努力獲得。故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Nowwe'rebeginningtounderstandwhythesecleverthoughtsoccurduringmorepassiveactivitiesandwhat'shappeninginthebrain，saysChristoff.Thekey，accordingtothelatestresearch，isapatternofbrainactivity—withinwhat'scalledthedefaultmodenetwork—thatoccurswhileanindividualisrestingorperforminghabitualtasksthatdon'trequiremuchattention.（克里斯托夫說，現(xiàn)在我們開始理解為什么這些聰明的想法會(huì)在更被動(dòng)的活動(dòng)中出現(xiàn)，以及大腦中發(fā)生了什么。根據(jù)最新的研究，關(guān)鍵在于大腦活動(dòng)的一種模式，即所謂的默認(rèn)模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)，它發(fā)生在一個(gè)人休息或執(zhí)行不需要太多注意力的習(xí)慣性任務(wù)時(shí)）可推知，一個(gè)正在踢足球的學(xué)生最有可能得到一個(gè)新奇的想法。故選A。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Acautionarynote：Whilethedefaultmodenetworkplaysakeyroleinthecreativeprocess，"it'snottheonlyimportantnetwork，"Beatysays."Othernetworkscomeintoplayasfarasmodifying，rejecting，orimplementingideas."Soit'sunwisetoplaceblindfaithinideasthataregeneratedintheshowerorduringanyotherperiodofmindwandering.（注意事項(xiàng)：雖然默認(rèn)模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)在創(chuàng)作過程中發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用，但"它并不是唯一重要的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，"Beat說。"其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)也會(huì)在修改、拒絕或?qū)嵤┫敕ǚ矫姘l(fā)揮作用。"因此，盲目相信洗澡時(shí)或其他走神時(shí)產(chǎn)生的想法是不明智的）可推知，雖然默認(rèn)模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)在創(chuàng)作過程中發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用，但"它并不是唯一重要的網(wǎng)絡(luò)"，所以我們?cè)诎涯X海中好玩的想法付諸實(shí)踐前要三思。故選D。

本文是一篇說明文。研究表明人們?cè)谧鲆豁?xiàng)不需要太多思考的習(xí)慣性任務(wù)時(shí)可能更有可能獲得創(chuàng)造性突破或洞察力。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

16~20.【答案】D、C、A、F、E【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了進(jìn)食鍛煉和快速鍛煉的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，告訴人們?cè)谧龀鲞x擇之前，徹底地考慮并與自己的健身教練討論。

1.

根據(jù)上文Somepeopleprefertohaveabitetoeatbeforehittingthegym,knownasafedworkout.Otherswouldliketowaituntilafterexercisingtorefueltheirbodies,calledafastedworkout.（有些人喜歡在去健身房之前先吃點(diǎn)東西，這被稱為“進(jìn)食鍛煉”。另一些人則喜歡等到運(yùn)動(dòng)結(jié)束后再給身體補(bǔ)充能量，這被稱