2023年教師資格之中學英語學科知識與教學能力強化訓練試卷B卷附答案

2023年教師資格之中學英語學科知識與教學能力強化訓練試卷B卷附答案

單選題（共80題）1、Theneedforsleepvaries__________frompersontoperson.A.conservativelyB.alternativelyC.considerablyD.influentially【答案】C2、WhichofthefollowinghastheproperwordstressA.comParisonB.ComparisonC.compaRisonD.comparisON【答案】A3、Atahigherlevelofwriting,whichofthefollowingcognitiveskillsshouldNOTbeencouraged?A.ConstructinggrammaticallycorrectsentencesonlyB.GatheringinformationandideasrelevanttothetopicC.UsingcohesivedevicestocreatesectionsandparagraphsD.Organizingtheinformationandideasintoalogicalsequence【答案】A4、Tograspthegistofapassageinaquickway,whatmayareaderfocuson?A.ThetransitionalparagraphsB.ThewholepassageC.ThetopicsentencesD.Everysentenceinthepassage【答案】C5、WhichofthefollowingEnglishphonemeshasmorethanoneallophonebasedonitspositioninaword?A./wiB.lj/C./miD./Ⅳ【答案】D6、TheNeutralityofAmericanintheEarlyWorldWarIIA.permittedthesellingofarmstobelligerentnationsB.antagonizedJapanC.permittedtheBritishtotradeonlywiththeAlliesD.ledtoLend-LeaseAct【答案】A7、Passage2A.TheoffenderscanbeuntraceableinthevirtualworldB.TheInternetcanbeeasilyattackedbytheoffendersC.PeopleoftentalkaboutsensitivesubjectsontheInternetD.LivingananonymouslifeontheInternetisverypopular【答案】A8、Shedoesn'twanttoworkrightnowbecauseshethinksthatifshe__________ajobsheprobablywouldn'tbeabletovisitherfriendsveryoften.A.hastogetB.weretogetC.hadgotD.couldhavegot【答案】B9、Thereisonlyoneplaygroundslideinthisschool,sothestudentshavetotake（）touseit.A.turnsB.theturnsC.aturnD.theturn【答案】A10、Passage1A.stayoutsidethenetworkofsocialinfluenceB.havelittlecontactwiththesourceofinfluenceC.areinfluencedandtheninfluenceothersD.areinfluencedbytheinitialinfluential【答案】C11、Itissaidthattheagreement__________betweenthetwocompanieslastmonthwillbecomeeffectivefromMay1st.A.tosignB.tobesignedC.signedD.signing【答案】C12、Passage2A.hewouldsurvivebestB.hewouldhavealotoftroubleC.theevolutionofmemorywouldstopD.hisabilitytolearnwouldbeenhanced【答案】B13、________annoysmeagreatdealtohearpeopleblamingeverything.Whycan'ttheyjustbealittlemorepositive?A.WhatB.ItC.ThatD.As【答案】B14、“Fall”and“autumn”are_________synonyms．A.dialectalB.stylisticC.evaluativelydifferentD.semanticallydifferent【答案】A15、Passage1A.ClearB.SafeC.StraightD.Difficult【答案】A16、--Icanmakeittoyourconcertaround9o'clocktomorrownight.A.havefinishedB.hadfinishedC.willbefinishedD.willhavefinished【答案】D17、Asforthewinter，itisinconvenienttobecold，withmostof________furnacefuelisallowedsavedforthedawn．A.whatB.thatC.whichD.such【答案】A18、Theoldladyhasdevelopeda__________coughwhichcannotbecuredcompletelyinashorttime.A.perpetualB.permanentC.chronicD.sustained【答案】C19、Passage1A.Theaudiencesdon'tlikethefinalconfrontationB.ThedisadvantagesofTransformers4aremoreobviousthanadvantagesC.PuttingintotoomuchwhatthedirectorskilledposesnegativeeffectD.ThedirectorBayonlyfocusesonthe3-Dworks【答案】C20、請閱讀短文，完成此題。A.WomenlookdownuponmenwhoearnlessthanherB.DivorceisariskwhenawifeearnsmorethanherhusbandC.Men'sself-esteemishardtofigureoutD.Getmarriedwiththe.oneswhoearnthesame,【答案】B21、__________arenotaminimalpairinEnglish.A."sink"and"zinc"B."fine"and"vine"C."bat"and"pat"D."teach"and"cheat"【答案】D22、IarrivedattheairportsolatethatI__________missedtheplane.A.onlyB.quiteC.narrowlyD.seldom【答案】C23、Whenthetrain__________,alltheschoolstudentsweresurprisedtoseethattheCarlisleteamhadonemanonly.A.pulleddownB.pulledonC.pulledoffD.pulledin【答案】D24、__________hedoesgetannoyedwithhersometimes.A.AshelikeshermuchB.AlthoughmuchhelikesherC.MuchashelikesherD.Muchalthoughhelikesher【答案】C25、請閱讀Passagel，完成第小題。A.reportthatdoingSudokuisahealthylivingstyleB.provethatdoingSudokuhelpspeoplemovetoMethuselahC.predictthatfuturegenerationswilllikeSudokusinceitisverypopularnowD.indicatethatfuturegenerationscouldremainsmartandenergeticeveniftheyareover100【答案】D26、Theword“realization”consistsof______and______.A.five;fiveB.five;fourC.four;threeD.four;four【答案】C27、Whichofthefollowingactivitiesrepresentthetop—downapproach?A.WatchingrelatedfilmsB.Pre—teachingvocabularyC.ExplainingdifficultlanguagepointsinthereadingmaterialD.Encodingthereadingmaterialwordtoword【答案】A28、AccordingtoChomsky,__________referstotheactualrealizationofuser′sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.A.competenceB.performanceC.paroleD.langue【答案】B29、請閱讀Passage2，完成題：A.WhenlosingcomputergameschildrentendtoexperiencefrustrationandangerB.Beat-Them-UpsaremorepopularwithchildrenthereforemorelikelytoproduceviolentbehaviorC.Peoplewhohavegoodhand-eye-coordinationtendtobemoreviolentthanothersD.Theviolentcontentinthegamesgetschildrenaddictedtothegames【答案】A30、請閱讀短文，完成此題。A.LifeexpectancygoesonrisingforeverB.TherecouldbefurtherincreasesinlifeexpectancyC.Lifeexpectancyhassloweddownsince1980sanditwillstopD.LifeexpectancyinJapandoubleswhatitwas200yearsago【答案】B31、Ifateacherasks"Whatdoes′correctivefeedback′mean？",thistypeofquestioniscalled“__________”.A.referentialquestionB.tagquestionC.rhetoricalquestionD.displayquestion【答案】D32、Drunkendriving,sometimescalledAmerica'ssociallyacceptedformofmurder,hasbecomeanationalepidemic.EveryhourofeverydayaboutthreeAmericansonaveragearekilledhyA.isanewlawpromotedbythetwentystatesB.hadbeenonceadoptedbeforethe1960sC.hasbeenenforcedsincetheprohibitionofalcoholD.willbecarriedoutalloverthecountry【答案】B33、Passage2A.TheyhelpplantsgrowinmiraculouswaysB.TheycleanupthedeadbodiesoffishandanimalsC.TheykeeptheoceansfrombeingpollutedandacidicD.Theyarelikelytoattackthoseirresponsiblehunters【答案】D34、Thewholepassagecenterson__________.A.choosingacareeraccordingtowhatoneisskilledin___________B.acquiringknowledgebyworkinghardatschoolC.findingone'sstrongandweakpointsD.developingone'sabilitiesusefulinschoolwork【答案】A35、His___________inalcoholminedhiswholelife.A.indulgenceB.habitC.engagementD.addiction【答案】A36、AstudentfindsitdifficulttolearntheEnglishsounds[θ]and[e].Ifyouaretheteacher,whichofthefollowingstrategiescanbeusedA.ExplaininghowtomakethesoundsB.UsingtonguetwistersC.WritethemontheblackboardD.Makingupsentences【答案】A37、Muchofthepowerofthetradeunionshasbeenlost．__________,theirpoliticalinfluenceshouldbeverygreat．A.AsaresultB.AsusualC.EvensoD.Sofar【答案】C38、Teacherswhobelieveinthe__________modelwillenablestudentstounderstandthemeaningandusageofthewordsfirst,andthenmakefulluseofthewordsinlistening,readingorwritingtasks,askrepresentativestoshowproductsofthetasks,andgiveanevaluationforitatlastwhenteachingvocabulary.A.PPPB.PWPC.PPTD.TBLT【答案】D39、Passage1A.mice'sinbornterrorofcatsB.theevolutionofToxoplasmaC.anewstudyabouttheeffectsofaparasiteonmiceD.aharmfulparasitecalledToxoplasmagondii【答案】C40、WhichofthefollowingactivitiesisNOTtypicaloftheTask-BasedLanguageTeachingmethod?A.Problem-solvingactivitiesB.OpinionexchangeactivitiesC.Information-gapactivitiesD.Patternpracticeactivities【答案】D41、CanyouimaginethedifficultyIhad__________languageobstaclesIfirststudiedabroadA.toovercomeB.overcomingC.overcomeD.overcame【答案】B42、Teacherscouldencouragestudentstouse__________togatherandorganizetheirideasforwriting.A.elicitingB.mindmappingC.explainingD.brainstorming【答案】B43、Whatroledoestheteacherplayatthefeedbackstage?A.AssessorB.Resource-providerC.ControllerD.Researcher【答案】A44、TotalPhysicalResponseasaTEFLmethodismoreoftenusedforteaching__________.A.childrenB.adultsC.ESPcourseD.GEcourse【答案】A45、Theworldmarketis__________changing.Wemustanticipatethechangesandmaketimelyadjustments.A.stablyB.constantlyC.scarcelyD.occasionally【答案】B46、Pitchvariationisknownas__________whenitspatternsareimposedonsentences.A.intonationB.toneC.pronunciationD.voice【答案】A47、InEnglishteaching,teachersshouldNOTpayattentionto__________.A.providingindependentlearningandcomtnunicatingopportunitiesforstudentsB.correctingstudents'mistakesanderrorsintheprocessoflearningimmediatelyC.encouragingstudentstodiscuss,cooperate,experience,practice,andexplorethewaytomasterEnglishD.cultivatingstudents'interest【答案】B48、IlookbackonthispleasantholidayinBeijingwith__________pleasure.A.anythingbutB.allbutC.everythingbutD.nothingbut【答案】D49、Onequestionthatallapproachesoflanguageteachingshouldansweris“_______”A.WhatisamothertongueB.Whatisasecond／foreignlanguageC.WhatisEnglishD.Whatislanguage【答案】D50、Once______,thispowerstationwillsupplyalltheneighboringtownsandvillageswithelectricity.A.itbeingcompletedB.itcompletedC.completeD.itcompletes【答案】C51、請閱讀Passaqel，完成第小題。A.GiganticB.HeavyC.TotalD.Maximum【答案】C52、Thepolicehaveofferedalarge__________forinformationleadingtotherobber'sarrest.A.awardB.compensationC.prizeD.reward【答案】D53、“Museum”isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,aA.CollectionandcollectorsB.TheevolutionofmuseumsC.ModernmuseumsandtheirfunctionsD.Thebirthofmuseums【答案】B54、Theengineersaresobusythattheyhavezerotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,A.whereverB.wheneverC.evenifD.asif【答案】C55、TheGovernmentisanxioustokeepthewhole__________outofcourt．A.exampleB.instanceC.caseD.sample【答案】C56、IfateachergivescommandsinEnglishandasksstudentstoshowunderstandingbyaction_______orgestures,he/sheismostprobablyusingA.CommunicativeApproachB.Audio-LingualApproachC.GrammarTranslationMethodD.TotalPhysicalResponse【答案】D57、Theword"offend"originallymeant"tostrikeagainst",butnowthewordsignifies"tocreateorexciteanger".Thisisanexampleof__________.A.meaningshiftB.broadeningofmeaningC.narrowingofmeaningD.lossofmeaning【答案】B58、__________meansreadingquicklytogetthegist,i.e.themainideaofthetext.A.SkimmingB.ScanningC.FastreadingD.Carefulreading【答案】A59、Passage1A.DonnaandHerPupilsB.The"ICan't"FuneralC.The"ICan't"andIt'sRelativesD.The"ICan't"TouchestheLivesofEveryone【答案】B60、請閱讀Passagel，完成此題。A.TextmessageshaveallowedchildrentolearnandfeelempathyB.Cellphoneshavemadechildren'slifeatschoolcolorfulandexcitingC.ExperiencinglonelinessorsadnessisasbeneficialasenjoyinghappinessD.Cellphonesmayofferpeoplethequickestwaytofindsomeonetotalkto【答案】C61、Passage1A.ShetookgoodcareoflittleOprahB.ShewasverystrictwithlittleOprahC.ShefailedtodisciplineOprahforhermisbehaviorD.Shemarriedagainandhadanothertwochildren【答案】C62、Nancy′sgonetoworkbuthercar′sstillthere.She__________bybus.A.musthavegoneB.shouldhavegoneC.oughttohavegoneD.couldhavegone【答案】A63、Passage1A.WithabrassonbacktheycanfinddirectionssoonerB.TheycanfinddirectionsbetterthanotherbirdsC.Theyusetheearth'smagneticfieldandthesuntofinddirectionsD.Theycanfinddirectionsonlytotheirhome【答案】C64、It’sanactivitywhenthetargetlanguageisusedbythelearnerforcommunicationpurpose（goal）inordertoachieveanoutcomethatcanbesharedwithothers.Learnersaremeaningwhattheyaresayingandmakingfreeuseoflanguagetoexpresswhattheywantto.Specificlanguageformsarenotprescribed.Thisisthedefinitionof________.A.GrammarTranslationMethoDB.Task-basedLearningApproachC.Audio-lingualMethoD.TotalResponseMethoD【答案】B65、Whenhecamein,hefoundthatpaperclips,drawingpinsandsafety-pinswere__________alloverthefloor.A.scatteredB.sprayedC.dispersedD.separated【答案】A66、Homonymsaregenerallywordsdifferentin_________．A.soundB.spellingC.formD.meaning【答案】D67、Truefriendshipislikesoundhealth,thevalue__________isseldomknownuntilitislost.A.onwhichB.ofwhichC.aboutwhichD.amongwhich【答案】B68、--Therearealotof__________ofbikeriding.A.instructionsB.instrumentsC.advantagesD.products【答案】C69、Anaspiratedp,anunaspiratedpandanunreleasedpare__________ofthepphoneme.A.analoguesB.tagmemesC.morphemesD.allophones【答案】D70、Forwhatever____,don’tbelateagain,orourworkwillbelaggingfarbehindothers.A.anyreasonsB.areasonC.reasonD.thereason【答案】C71、Passage1A.Competitionhelpstosetupself-respectB.CompetitionisharmfultopersonalqualitydevelopmentC.FailuresarenecessaryexperiencesincompetitionD.Opinionsaboutcompetitionaredifferentamongpeople【答案】D72、PresidentArlinghasputhislongawaitedeconomicrestructuringprogrambeforetheCongress.ItprovidesacoordinateD.programofinvestmentcredits,researchgrants,educationreforms,andchangesdesignedtomakeAmericanindustrymoreA.TheywantamoredirectactionB.TheywantanincomespolicytocheckinflationC.TheywanttorebuildindustryD.Theywantawallofprotectivetariffs【答案】A73、WhichofthefollowingwordsdoesNOTrepresenta"P"ofthree-PmodelA.PresentationB.PracticeC.Pre-readingD.Production【答案】C74、Passage2A.canbeassociativeB.arenotunconsciousC.canbedangerousD.arenotimpulsive【答案】A75、Whensaying“It?snoisyoutside”togetsomeonetoclosethewindow,thespeakerintendstoperforma(n)＿.A.directspeechactB.locutionaryactC.indirectspeechactD.perlocutionaryact【答案】C76、請閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。A.DunhuangB.EarlyChineseartC.IndianandChineseart.?D.PersianandMiddleEasternart【答案】A77、TheUniversityinTransformation,editedbyAustralianfuturistsSohailInayatullahandJenniferGidley,presentssome20highlyvariedoutlooksontomorrow’suniversitiesbywritersrepresentingbothWesternandnon-Westernperspectives.TheirA.InternetbasedcoursesmaybelesscostlythantraditionalonesB.TeachersintraditionalinstitutionsmaylosetheirjobsC.InternetbasedcoursewaremaylackvarietyincoursecontentD.TheInternetUniversitymayproduceteacherswithalotofpublicity【答案】A78、Inthefollowingconversation,Bviolatesthemaximof___________.A.quantityB.qualityC.mannerD.relation【答案】D79、tellswhereapersoncomesfrom,whereas__________tellswhathedoes.A.Dialect;registerB.Style;genreC.Dialect;styleD.Register;genre【答案】A80、Whichofthefollowingshouldbediscouragedconcerningtheuseofinternetresources?A.TeachersdependoninternetresourcesforteachingmaterialsB.TeachersuseinternetresourcestosC.TeachersadaptinternetresourcesbeforeusingthemforlanguageinputD.Teachersselectinternetresourcesaccordingtotheirteachingpurpose【答案】A大題（共10題）一、下面是某教師一節(jié)課導人環(huán)節(jié)的教學實錄，單元話題為Animalsindanger。T:Hi,Class!Let'slookatthesepictures!Canyoutelluswhatanimalstheyare?Ss:Elephants!/Tigers!/Monkeys!/Dolphins!T:Let'sseewhattheseanimalscando.Canelephantsswim?Ss:Yes.T:Cantigersswim?Ss:Yes....T:Whatanimalsdoyoulikebest?S1.S1:Pandas.T:Whydoyoulikethem?S1:Becausetheyarecute.T:Great!Anyoneelse?Doyouliketigers?$2.【答案】(1)①封閉式問題只有一個正確答案，答案是限制性的，只能評估學生對特定知識的了解。例句：Canelephantsswim?Cantigersswim?②開放式問題的答案不止一個，它能調(diào)動學生的思維，考查學生的理解能力和語用能力，語用信息量較大。例句：Whatanimalsdoyoulikebest?Whydoyoulikethem?(2)①封閉式問題。優(yōu)點：封閉式問題的答案是固定的，有利于考查學生對于語言知識掌握的準確性，可以幫助學生更好地掌握和鞏固目標語，有助于學生掌握正確的語言形式。缺點：封閉式問題屬于機械性操練，學生只需要回答出特定答案，沒有過多的思考，不能起到發(fā)散思維的作用，不利于培養(yǎng)學生舉一反三、實際運用語言的能力。②開放式問題。優(yōu)點：開放式問題的答案通常不是唯一的。教師在教學中使用開放式問題，能夠引導學生自己去思考答案，發(fā)散學生的思維，讓學生有動腦思考的過程，培養(yǎng)學生真正運用語言的能力，做到啟發(fā)式教學。缺點：與封閉式問題相比，開放式問題較難，所以對于一些基礎比較薄弱的學生來說完成起來會有一定的難度。如果教師應用不當?shù)脑?，可能會起不到作用，打擊學生的積極性，不利于教學的順利進行。二、請閱讀下面一份學生的書面表達以及教師的評語，并回答問題。Hi,Suzanne,Firstofall,welcometoChina.Infact,manystudentshavethesameproblemlikeyou.Asamatteroffact,itdoesn'tasdifficultasyouthink.Butwaysaregreatimportance.Herearesometips:Firstly,reviewyourlessonssothatitcanhelpyoucatchtheimportantpoints.Alsoreadbooksinadvance.Andputyourheartintoclass,espeeialwhattheteachersays.Secondly,don'tbeafraidmakemistakes.It'sagoodstudyhabitwhichplay"aimportantroleinlearninglanguage.Thirdly,trytodosomethinghardandalwaysdiscusssomeproblemswithyourclassmatesinChinesesothatyoucanlearnChinesefromyourclassmates.Finally,tobepatientwhenyoustilldopoorlyinChinese.Asyouknow,Romeisn'tbuildinaday.Astimegoeson,youwillsuccesssoonerorlater.IhopethatyoucanmakegreatprogressinChinese.Goodluck!Yours,XiaoYu教師的評語：結構合理，層次清晰。過渡詞用得很好，使用了較復雜的句式為文章增色了許多。但畫線地方有誤，請改正。(1)該教師對學生作文的錯誤地方畫線有何作用?(8分)(2)對該教師對學生作文的批改情況進行分析。(15分)(3)假若此學生作文中出現(xiàn)的問題是學生群體中普遍常犯的錯誤，教師應該怎么做?(7分)【答案】(1)教師對學生的錯誤地方畫線。是一種讓學生修改其錯誤的提示性標記。材料中教師在錯誤處畫線，有助于學生在自我更正的過程中積極地思考出錯的原因．從錯誤中吸取教訓。同時，學生能夠?qū)λ鶎W知識進行查漏補缺．可以認識到自己還沒有完全掌握哪些知識點或哪些語言規(guī)則掌握得不準確。學生可以從錯誤中學到知識．知識的殘缺也會得到及時的彌補。(2)該教師在批改此學生的作文中，能夠認真閱讀并指出錯誤之處，并希望學生自行改正，是教師批改的一大優(yōu)點．但該教師沒有區(qū)分錯誤的類型，對于出現(xiàn)的錯誤不加區(qū)分一律畫線，是其批改中出現(xiàn)的不當之處。有的學生可以悟出來，如beafraidmakemistakes，playaimportant等。此類錯誤不必多加解釋，經(jīng)過提示，學生可以自行解決。但對于Asamatteroffact為什么畫線．學生很難發(fā)現(xiàn)其出錯原因是前面用了infact，造成重復現(xiàn)象。還有tobepatientwhenvoustilldopoorlyinChinese學生很可能搞不懂錯在哪里。這時，教師應給出詳細解釋，確保學生理解錯誤原因。因此．對學生書面表達中出現(xiàn)的錯誤的處理方式應有別于口語中出現(xiàn)的錯誤處理方式。從某種程度上說．書面表達錯誤的處理應更加嚴謹．要求學生充分運用所掌握的語言知識來監(jiān)察和修改語言輸出．少出或不出語言形式方面的錯誤。(3)教師如果在教學過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)學生普遍存在某一類的言語錯誤，此類現(xiàn)象可以看作對課堂教學是否正確高效的一種反饋。教師可以通過對普遍性錯誤的分析．找出教學中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，從而針對學生的實際情況，及時優(yōu)化教學內(nèi)容．改進教學方法．促進教學質(zhì)量的進一步提高。三、根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設計教學方案，用英文作答。設計任務：請閱讀下面學生信息和語言素材，設計20分鐘的英語寫作教學方案。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點：·teachingobjectives·teachingcontents·keyanddifficultpoints·majorstepsandtimeallocation·activitiesandjustifications教學時間：20分鐘學生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學初中一年級學生，班級人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學生已經(jīng)達到《義務教育英語課程標準(2011年版)》二級水平。學生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：Writeyourownnotetoafriend.Invitehim/hertoanactivityinyourschool.Usethequestions?tohelpyou.1.What′syourfriend′sname?2.Whatdoesyourfriendliketodo?【答案】TeachingContents:Writinganoteofinvitationtoafriend.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentswillmastersomeexpressionsaboutschoolactivityandknowhowtoinviteothers.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentswilllearnhowtowriteanoteofinvitationandimprovetheabilityofwriting.(3)Emotionalobjectives①Studentswilllearntolovetheirschoollife.②StudentswillbemoreinterestedinwritinginEnglish.TeachingKeyPoints:①Studentsareabletocollectinformationaboutschoolactivity.②Studentscanmasterthemethodsandproceduresofwritinganoteofinvitation.TeachingDifficultPoint:Studentscanorganizegatheredinformationintoawholecompletepassage.MajorSteps:四、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務。用中文作答。簡述寫作教學中“范文”的作用，并說明范文在教學中的使用步驟及每個步驟的教學目標?！敬鸢浮?1)范文對于英語寫作主要有以下三方面的作用：①范文能夠說明所用體裁的特點：②范文是說明英語語篇銜接手段如何使用的最好語境；③范文能夠開闊學生的思路。(2)范文在教學中的使用步驟及每個步驟的教學目標：①利用范文進行謀篇布局。師生要能夠在范文的結構和語言方面進行討論，并弄清楚兩個問題：a．這類文章結構和語言如何為文章的交際目的服務；b．還有哪些別的可能的結構和語言上的變化。只有這樣，學生才能最大限度地利用范文來指導寫作而不受范文的限制，才有可能避免全班學生千篇一律的現(xiàn)象。(目標)②利用范文達到連貫的效果。該步驟的教學目標是使學習者在寫作中避免出現(xiàn)連接語使用不夠的現(xiàn)象，造成文章的邏輯跳躍性很大．理解起來比較困難。也有相當一部分學生主觀上想盡量多用連接語，以加強句子之間的銜接，但結果是連接語過分堆積，不僅不能增強語義方面的銜接力，反而往往會增加冗余信息，甚至造成語義上的邏輯混亂。這種現(xiàn)象也是寫作教學應盡量避免的內(nèi)容。(目標)⑧利用范文開闊學生的寫作思路。這一階段的目標是培養(yǎng)學生積極思考的習慣，使學生能夠開闊自己的思路，這是影響學生寫作的關鍵因素。五、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務。用中文作答。下面是四位英語教師的英語教學片段：?TeacherAT:Whatdayistoday?S:IsMonday.T:Oh,good.ItisMonday?S:Yes,itisMonday.TeacherBT:Who'sthiswoman?S:Heis...T:Oh,nothe.Youshoulduseshe.TeacherCT:Whatdidyoudoyesterday?【答案】(1)①TeacherA在面對學生的語言錯誤時首先給予學生肯定，然后采用了引導的方式，通過重復學生的答案，巧妙引出正確答案，讓學生自己意識到錯誤并自行糾正。②TeacherB則用了直接告知法，首先否定了學生的答案，然后直接告訴學生正確的答案，這種方法看似快捷，其實陷入了過分糾錯的誤區(qū)，給學生帶來了一定的心理壓力。③TeacherC直接忽了學生的語言錯誤，沒有進行提醒或糾錯，過分寬容的態(tài)度雖可以保護學生的自尊心和自信心，但是卻容易造成學生對知識的錯誤理解，不利于學生語言的發(fā)展。(2)教師D采用了學生間相互糾錯的方法。學生間相互糾錯是指將學生的書面作業(yè)相互交換，讓他們檢查并找出錯誤交給本人改正或直接由檢查人改正的方法。這種交換方法可以在同桌之間或前后排之間進行。讓學生充當教師的角色。他們會有新奇感和自豪感，會倍加珍惜這種機會，認真仔細地去尋找錯誤并改正錯誤。(3)①容忍錯誤，允許犯錯。在課堂上，對于在口語中學生出現(xiàn)的并不妨礙交際意義正常進行，不至于影響意思的表達差錯，或在以后的語言中可以自行改正的錯誤，教師則不應中斷學生的發(fā)言并給予糾正。②教師在糾錯時要關注學生的情感，注重學生的個性與特點，重在鼓勵，防止學生產(chǎn)生過分的焦慮和挫敗感，更不能諷刺和挖苦學生，傷害學生的自尊心和自信心。在課堂教學中，教師對學生多表揚，少批評；多肯定，少否定。③教師在糾錯時要綜合考慮教學效果、學生的語言水平、性格特征情感因素等，做到多種糾錯策靈活運用。④創(chuàng)造條件，營造環(huán)境，盡力避免錯誤。糾錯的最好辦法是將可能發(fā)生的錯誤消滅在錯誤發(fā)生之前。教師在備課時，應認真鉆研教材內(nèi)容，研究學生的情況，預先估計學生可能出現(xiàn)的問題或錯誤，并在課堂教學中，對于可能會出現(xiàn)的錯誤．直言正確用法，并進行反復操練。六、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務，用中文作答。簡述教師在組織小組活動(groupwork)時需注意的兩個注意事項。列舉教師在開展小組活動時的兩個主要角色，并概括有效開展小組活動時教師應具備的兩個主要能力?！敬鸢浮?1)教師在組織小組活動時需注意的兩個注意事項：①精心選擇話題，明確活動目的。教師在小組活動中要結合教學內(nèi)容，選擇恰當?shù)脑掝}，以引發(fā)學生的學習興趣，激起學生主動參與語言活動的欲望。同時，要在活動開始之前，使學生明白小組活動的任務，從而學生能按照教師的布置認真完成小組活動并有實質(zhì)性收獲。②合理組建小組，明確職責分工。教師要從學生的實際情況出發(fā)，注意學生之間的差異性，進行合理分組。可以根據(jù)性別、性格特點、學習成績、遵守紀律情況的等方面的差異建立相對穩(wěn)定的學習小組，以保證組內(nèi)各成員的差異性和互補性；可以根據(jù)小組水平基本一致來分，以保證小組之間競爭的公平性。在分組后，要根據(jù)每個人的實際情況，明確分工，確保每個組員都有屬于自己的任務，使每個人都能有效地發(fā)揮作用。(2)教師在開展小組活動時的兩個主要角色：①組織者教師宣布采取小組活動的形式，明確活動任務，組織分組，確定每組組長并使小組長明確自己的職責，然后說明活動如何開展；活動進行中，教師要確保學生正確地執(zhí)行任務，并給予指導或督促，這都體現(xiàn)了教師的組織者的角色。②參與者新課程強調(diào)教學是教與學的交往、互動，是師生雙方相互交流、相互溝通、相互補充的過程。在小組活動中，教師應把自已當成學生中的一員，參與到活動中，既可以活躍課堂氣氛，增進師生感情，又可以幫助學生解決難題．協(xié)助學生共同完成任務。(另外，教師在小組活動中的主要角色還有控制者、評估者等，考生列舉出兩種并做簡潔的說明即可)(3)教師應具備的兩個主要能力是組織能力和觀察能力。在小組活動中，教師需要在整個過程中，發(fā)揮良好的組織協(xié)調(diào)能力。同時在整個活動的過程中，教師也需要發(fā)揮觀察能力。如發(fā)現(xiàn)學生在活動中遇到困難，要主動幫助學生排憂解難，使活動能夠順暢進行。七、下面是一節(jié)高中英語課堂教學片段實錄。T:Armyourselfwithsunscreen,sunglassesandahatinaperiodofhotweather.S1:Howcanyouarmyourself?Youalreadyhavetwoarms—howdoyouputonmore?T:Canwefigureoutthemeaningof“arm”fromthetext?Lookforanotherplacewheretheword“sunscreen”appears.S2:Inthissentence:“Healthexpertswarnedpeople,whenoutside,toapplysunscreenwithasunprotectionfactor…”S3:SoIthink“armyourself”iskindof“apply”.S1:Oh,thatmakessense.Isheright?T:Icouldansweryou,butI’dlikeyoutofindoutthemeaningof“arm”inthedictionary.…T:Gotit?CanyouexplainitinEnglish?S4:Yes,it’saverb,differentfromthenoun“arm”,meaningtoprovideyourselforotherswithweaponsortoprovidewhatyouneedforatask.T:Nicelydone!【答案】(1)語言知識目標：學生學會生詞“arm”作為動詞的含義并能夠使用詞典查閱生詞;策略目標：學生能夠結合上下文語境理解生詞，并查閱詞典進行確認猜測。(2)采用了啟發(fā)式教學法。啟發(fā)式教學，就是根據(jù)教學目的、內(nèi)容、學生的知識水平和知識規(guī)律，運用各種教學手段，采用啟發(fā)誘導辦法傳授知識、培養(yǎng)能力，使學生積極主動地學習，以促進身心發(fā)展。該教學材料中，教師立足于學生的基礎及現(xiàn)有的知識水平，通過提問等語言方式啟發(fā)學生了解和體會arm的動詞詞性，而不是直接告知學生其用法，使學生達到了主動學習、積極思考的目的。(3)優(yōu)點：在該案例中，當學生不明白生詞的含義時，老師并沒有直接告訴學生，而是讓學生通過討論和查字典的形式弄清楚了生詞的意思，培養(yǎng)了學生查字典的技能和習慣，逐步養(yǎng)成自主學習的能力。缺點：根據(jù)《高中英語課程標準》，形成性評價反映學生的進步情況，對學生的學習嘗試做出肯定，以促進學生的學習積極性，幫助教師改進教學。在該案例中，學生通過自己的努力弄清楚了生詞的意思后，該老師只是簡單地評價“Nicelydone”，并未對學生“討論”和“查字典”的學習方法進行肯定，不能很好地促學生的學習積極性。八、根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設計教學方案，用英文作答。設計任務：請閱讀下面學生信息和語言素材，設計一節(jié)課的教學方案。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點：?teachingobjectives?teachingcontents?keyanddifficultpoints?majorstepsandtimeallocation?activitiesandjustifications教學時間：45分鐘學生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學九年級(初中三年級)學生，班級人數(shù)40人，多數(shù)已經(jīng)達到《義務教