專題07 閱讀理解-2020年中考英語沖刺精講精練

專題07閱讀理解精講閱讀理解中考閱讀理解題主要考查學(xué)生的語篇閱讀能力、分析和判斷能力。要求學(xué)生能較快地通過閱讀理解短文大意，獲取其中的主要信息，能做出正確判斷，然后根據(jù)試題的要求從A,B,C,D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案或做出正誤判斷。文章的難易程度和初三課文基本相同，要求閱讀速度為每分鐘40-50個(gè)詞。一、閱讀理解的考察內(nèi)容1.考查掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意的能力。此類考查主旨和大意的題大多數(shù)針對段落（或短文）的主題，主題思想，標(biāo)題或目的2.考查把握文章的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的能力。此類考查事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的題目大多數(shù)是針對文章的細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)的3.考查根據(jù)上下文猜測生詞的含義的能力。此類猜測詞義的題目要求考生根據(jù)上下文確定某一特定的詞或短語的準(zhǔn)確含義。4.考查對閱讀材料全篇的邏輯關(guān)系的理解，對文章各段，各句之間的邏輯關(guān)系的理解能力。此類題目主要考查的是句與句之間，短語與短語之間的邏輯關(guān)系，5.考查依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和考生應(yīng)有的常識進(jìn)行推理和判斷的能力。此類題目文章中沒有明確的答案，需要考生再理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行推理和判斷。6.考查推斷作者意圖和態(tài)度的能力。二、閱讀理解答題方法和技巧1．獲取段落的主旨和大意，找出主題句。一篇文章（或一段文章）通常都是圍繞一個(gè)中心意思展開的。而這個(gè)中心意思往往由一個(gè)句子來概括。這個(gè)能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主題句。因此，理解一個(gè)段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要學(xué)會(huì)尋找主題句。2．猜測詞義。猜測詞義也是一種英語閱讀能力。英語閱讀理解試題中有不少這樣的題目。任何一個(gè)實(shí)詞，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一個(gè)確定的詞義。所謂上下文(context),正如英語辭典所解釋的，其作用就是幫助確定上下文中的詞、短語或句子的意義。據(jù)此，我們可以盡可能地利用上下文來猜測詞義，即從已知推求未知，也就是用我們所熟悉的詞或短語來猜測我們不熟悉的詞的詞義。猜測詞義時(shí)，我們可以從三個(gè)方面來考慮：1）根據(jù)上下文已知部分進(jìn)行邏輯上的推理。2）運(yùn)用語法知識進(jìn)行語法分析。3）依靠常識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)做出判斷。3．確定細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)。在閱讀理解題目中，有相當(dāng)一部分是考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目。這類題目相對容易一些。這些題目有兩個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)：（1）凡屬針對特定細(xì)節(jié)的考題，其正確答案大都可以在閱讀材料中找到對應(yīng)的文字部分作為驗(yàn)證。這一部分可能是一個(gè)詞或短語，也可能是一個(gè)句子或相關(guān)的若干句子，但句式、用詞和表達(dá)方式不同。（2）干擾項(xiàng)往往是主體思想與細(xì)節(jié)混雜，正確答案細(xì)節(jié)和非正確答案的細(xì)節(jié)混雜，甚至真假混雜。因此，要做好閱讀理解中的確定細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的題目，一要在文章中找出相應(yīng)的信息點(diǎn)，二要排除干擾項(xiàng)。4．做好推斷？所謂推斷，就是根據(jù)閱讀材料中所提供的信息，推斷出未知的信息。即把有關(guān)的文字作為已知部分，從中推斷出未知部分。據(jù)以推斷的有關(guān)文字可能是詞或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。中考英語試題中的推斷題很多，包括的面也很大。其類型主要有以下幾種：（1）事實(shí)推斷：這種推斷常常針對某一個(gè)或幾個(gè)具體細(xì)節(jié)，是比較簡單的推斷。進(jìn)行這種推斷，要首先在文章中找出據(jù)以推斷的有關(guān)文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行間的意思。（2）指代推斷：確定指代詞的含義和指代對象是閱讀理解題常見的題目。要確定指代詞所指代的對象，關(guān)鍵在于對所在上下文的正確理解。指代名詞的指代詞，其單復(fù)數(shù)形式英語被指代的詞一致，因此數(shù)的形式可作為識別指代對象第一個(gè)輔助標(biāo)志。（3）邏輯推斷這類題目往往是要求根據(jù)文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，動(dòng)作和語言來推斷出人物的態(tài)度或感覺。（4）對作者的意圖和態(tài)度的推斷這一類考題大都要求考生就作者對論述對象持什么樣的態(tài)度做出推斷，如作者對所陳述的觀點(diǎn)是贊同、反對，還是猶豫不定，對記述或描寫的人、物或事件是贊頌、同情、冷漠，還是厭惡。作者的這種思想傾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出來，而往往隱含在字里行間。因此，進(jìn)行這種推斷時(shí)，我們既要依靠短文的主題思想作為推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辭，尤其是形容詞一類的修飾語。精練閱讀理解（一）Afterlearningaboutthesefamouswomen,youwillknowyoucandoalotforsociety,andmakeadifferencetotheworldinyourlifetime.AmeliaEarhart(1897—1937)AmeliaEarhartwasthefirstwomanwhoeverflewaloneacrosstheAtlanticin1932.Shebecamethefirstwomanpilotin1935afterflyingfromHawaiitoCalifornia.Shebeganherlifelongdreamofflyingacrosstheworldin1937.However,herflightwentmissingonthattripandshewasneverseenagain.HelenaRubinstein(1870—1965)HelenaRubinsteinmovedtoAustraliain1902withouttheabilitytospeakEnglish.Later,shesetuponeoftheworld'sfirstcosmetic(化妝品)companiesaftermixinglanolin,whichisanoilthatcomesfromsheep'swool,withflowers.Becauseofthat,shebecametheworld'srichestwomanatthattime.KatharineHepburn(1907—2003)KatharineHepburnwasknownforplayingstrongwilledwomeninherfilms.ShewonfourAcademyAwards(奧斯卡金像獎(jiǎng))forBestActress,themostanactresshaseverwon.Hernewdressstylemadewearingtrousersacceptabletowomen,whichwasn'tallowedatthattime.EmmelinePankhurst(1858—1928)Emmelinewasagreatwomanactivist.ShehelpedBritishwomengettherighttovote.Shefoughtfortherightsofwomenallthetimewiththehelpofherhusbandinthelate19thcenturyandearly20thcentury.Aftershelostherhusband,sheworkedtogetherwithherthreedaughtersandformedTheWomenSocialandPoliticalUnion.()1.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeAmeliaEarhart?A.Brave.B.Careful.C.Lucky.D.Energetic.()2.WhatwastheproblemforHelenaRubinsteinwhenshemovedtoAustralia?A.Shedidn'thaveanymoney.B.Shecouldn'tspeakEnglish.C.Sheknewnothingaboutbusiness.D.Shedidn'tknowhowtodressup.()3.HowmanytimesdidKatharineHepburnwinAcademyAwardsforBestActress?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.D.Fourtimes.()4.WhatdidEmmelinePankhurstfightforduringherlifetime?A.Herdreamtobeapilot.B.Women'srightsintheUK.C.Women'srightsintheUSA.D.Herdreamtobeanactress.()5.Whatdothefourwomenabovehaveincommon?A.Acreativemind.B.Awarmheart.C.Apioneerspirit.D.Agoodeducation.Eggcarving(蛋雕)isoftencalledthemostfragile(易碎的)art,asitrequiresgreatcarebefore,duringandevenafterthecarving.YuWen,thegranddaughterofafamouslocalpainterinDandong,LiaoningProvince,hasbeenpractisingeggcarvingforabout25years.Yuhasusedmorethan10，000eggs,andyearsofhardworkhasleftmanythickcalluses(繭)onherhands.Sometimesshecan'tevenholdchopsticksproperlyafteralongdayofholdingthecarvingknife.ButinYu'sopinion,thedifficultprocessmakeseggcarvingtwiceasexciting.“Ifyoucarveofftoomuch,theworkisbrokenandthereisnowaytodealwithit.Thatmakesthesenseofachievementevengreaterwhenyoufinishapiece，”saidYu.Yu'sloveforeggcarvingstartedwithalocaltradition.InnortheastChina,whenababyisborn,friendsandrelativesoftensendeggscoloredredasgifts,andsomemaycarveauspicious(吉利的)wordsonthem.Thecharacter“?！眎sapopularonetobecarvedontoeggs.Yucarveswithnotonlypopularcharactersortraditionalpatterns(圖案),butalsoPekingOperamasksandwallpaintings.HereggcarvingisjustasmuchabouteggsasitisaboutChineseculture.NowYuteacheseggcarvingatalocaluniversity.Inrecentyears,shehasseenmorepeoplecomingfromacrossthecountrytolearntheart.“IhopeIcanbettercombine(結(jié)合)theartwithtraditionalcultureinthefuture，”Yusaid.()1.Whatis/aremostneededduringtheprocessofcarvinganegg?A.Muchmoney.B.Coloredeggs.C.Muchattention.D.Carvingknives.()2.YuWenthinkseggcarvingis________．A.boringB.excitingC.tiringD.uninteresting.()3.Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2refersto“________”．A.theworkB.theprocessC.thecultureD.theknife()4.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesYuWencarveontoeggs?①Thebaby'spictures.②Traditionalpatterns.③PekingOperamasks.④Wallpaintings.A.①②③.B.①②④.C.①③④.D.②③④.()5.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.YuWenloveseggcarvingverymuch.B.YuWenworksataprimaryschoolnow.C.YuWenstartedtocarveeggsattheageof25.D.ThereissomethingwrongwithYuWen'shands.（三）“Iamgoingtothestore,UncleMoti，”Minasaid.“Doyouwanttocomealong?Youhavenotseenmuchoftheneighborhoodyet.”Uncleshookhishead,“No,thankyou，”Hesaid.“Itisjusttooloudandcrowdedforme.Everyoneisalwaysonthego,whileIamusedtothepeaceandquietofourvillage.Ifeelafraidoutthere,likeafrightened(害怕的)child.”Minasatonthesofanexttoheruncle.“Tellmeaboutthevillage,UncleMoti，”Shesaid.“WouldIlikeitthere？”Unclelaughed.“Withoutadoubt,youwouldfinditdullatfirst—theloudestsoundisusuallybirdsong.ThepeopleImeetonthestreetareallpeopleIknow,andwestopandtalkorgototheteashopandhavetea.Therearenotmanyshops,buttheshopkeepersknowalltheircustomers.Everyoneisfriendlyandhasasmileforeveryoneelse.”“Soundsreallynice，”Minasaid.“ButIthinkmaybeitisnotdifferentineveryway.Ireallywishyouwouldcomewithme,andIcouldshowyouwhyIsaythat.”Unclesighedandgotup,saying,“Allright,Mina.Iwillgo.”O(jiān)utonthestreet,carszoomedby,someofthemhonking.Unclelookedverynervousatallthenoiseandactivities,andMinatookhishand.“Look，”shesaid,“thereismyfriendNate,andcomingdownthestreetismyteacher,Ms.Sanchez.”MinawavedtoNate,whowaveback,andcalledhellotoherteacher.Thensheledheruncledownthestreettothestore,whereshegreetedtheshopkeeper.“Hi,Ms.Franklin,thisismyuncleMoti,whohascomeheretolive.”“Overhere，”Minatookheruncle'sarmandledhimacrossthestreet.Asignoveradoorread“Navid'sTeaShop，”Unclesmiled.Theywentinandsatatatable.Theyorderedtea,andUnclesighedhappily.“Well,Iseewhatyouweretryingtoshowme，”hesaid.“Thisneighborhoodisyourvillage.Nowitwillbeminetoo.Ithasfriends,kindshopkeepers,birds,andevenateashop...”()1.Atfirst,UncleMotididn'twanttogooutwithMinabecause________．A.hemissedhisfamilyinthevillageB.hefeltverytiredafteralongjourneyC.hedidn'tgetusedtothelifeinMina'sneighborhoodD.peopleinMina'sneighborhoodwereunfriendlytohim()2.Fromtheunderlinedsentencesinthepassage,wecaninfer(推斷)thatMinaisa________girl.A.braveB.caringC.creativeD.humorous()3.Thesentence“________”inthepassageshowsthatMina'sneighborhoodandUncle'svillagearesimilar.A.Ifeelafraidoutthere,likeafrightenedchild.B.Youwouldfinditdullatfirst—theloudestsoundisusuallybirdsong.C.Outonthestreet,carszoomedby,someofthemhonking.D.Ithasfriends,kindshopkeepers,birds,andevenateashop.()4.ThestorysuggeststhatUncleMotiwillprobably________lateron.A.stillfeelfrightenedasbeforeB.starttolookforajobinateashopC.bewillingtogooutinMina'sneighborhoodD.tellpeoplewhyhecametoMina'sneighborhood（四）Aladdinclimbeddownthestepsandwalkedthroughtherooms．Soonhefoundthelamp．Hepickeditupandputitunderhisclothes．Thenheclimbedbackupthesteps．Themanwaswaitingforhim．HeaskedAladdintogivethelamptohim．ButAladdindidn'tagree．Sothemanbecameveryangry．HepushedthestoneovertheholeandreturnedtoAfrica．Aladdintriedtopushthestoneoutoftheway，buthecouldnot．"NooneknowsIamhere，"hethought．"Ishalldieinhere．"ForthreedaysAladdinwastrappedinthehole．Onthethirdday，helookedattheringonhisfinger．"Myunclesaid，‘Thiswillkeepyoufromharm，'"hethought．Heturneditonhisfinger．Immediately，ageniestoodinfrontofhim．"Iamtheslaveofthering，"thegeniesaid．"WhatmayIdoforyou？"Aladdinsaid，"Takemehome．"ThenextmomentAladdinwasbackathome．Herestedformanydays．Thehesaidtohismother，"Ifoundthislamp．Perhapsyoucansellit．""Ishallcleanitfirst，"hismothersaid．Shebegantocleanthelamp．Immediately，adifferentgeniestoodinfrontofher．"Iamtheslaveofthelamp，"thegeniesaid．"WhatmayIdoforyou？""Bringmefood，"themothersaid．Thenextmomenttherewasfoodinthetable．Aladdinandhismotheraskedthegenietobringthemmanythings．Soontheyweretherichestpeopleinthetown．()1.WhatdidthemanaskAladdintodo？A．Toputtheringon．B．Togivehimthelamp．C．TogotoAfricawithhim．D．Tostayinthehole．()2.Whycouldn'tAladdingetoutofthehole？A．Becausetheholewastoodeep．B．Becausehehurthisleg．C．Becausehehithishead．D．Becausethestonewastooheavy．()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"immediately"meaninEnglish？A．rightawayB．a(chǎn)llrightC．bythewayD．a(chǎn)tlast()4.WhatdidAladdin'smotherfirstaskforfromtheslaveofthelamp？A．Gold．B．House．C．Food．D．Health．()5.Whichofthefollowingistherightorderofwhathappenedinthestory？a．Themanpushedthestoneoverthehole．b．ThegeniebroughtfoodforAladdin'smother．c．Aladdingavethelamptohismother．d．ThegeniehelpedAladdintogobackhome．e．Aladdinputthelampunderhisclothes．A．e﹣a﹣d﹣c﹣bB．e﹣c﹣b﹣a﹣dC．c﹣a﹣d﹣e﹣bD．c﹣b﹣a﹣d﹣e（五）Whatmightlifebelikeifyoulookedverydifferentfromothers？Mostofusareluckytobebornwith"normal"faces．ButthemovieWonder（《奇跡男孩》）showsusthatonecanstillbringoutthebestinhimself，althoughhelooksverydifferentwithothersorevenugly．Basedonabestsellingnovel．themovieisaboutaboynamedAuggie．Hehasafacialdeformity（畸形）．Hehasspentmostofhislifebeinghome﹣schooled．Butwhenheentershisfifthgrade，hisparentsdecidetosendhimtoaprivateschoolratherthanstudyathome．There，hisclassmateslaughathimbecauseofhisdifferentorevenuglyappearance．Luckily，hisfamilystandbyhimallthetimeandgivehimalotofsupport．IntheUSA，mostkidsaretaughtthatitisOKtobedifferent．Peopledon'tlookdownuponbeingspecial．Butsomekidshavedifficultyacceptingbeingspecial．Itiseasytopickonsomeonewhoisdifferent，especiallyifyouhaveyourownproblemstodealwith．AsAuggie'sclassmatesgettoknowhimbetter，theycometofindthathe'saniceandverycleverkidwithagreatsenseofhumor．Theystarttochangetheirviewstowardshim．Finally，Auggiewontherespect，loveandfriendshipintheschoolwithhiscourage，clevernessandkindness．Inreallife，itmaytakelongertoseesuchchangeshappen．Butifwegivepeopleachance，theirheartsandmindsmaychangeintheend．()1.WhichisNOTtrueaboutAuggieaccordingtothesecondparagraph？A．Helooksdifferentfromhisclassmates．B．Hehasstudiedathomeformanyyears．C．Hisfamilysendshimtoaprivateschool．D．Helearnstolaughatothersatthenewschool．()2.WhichoffollowingcandescribeAuggie'sschoollifeattheverybeginning？A．Happy．B．Hard．C．Exciting．D．Common．()3.WhydoesAuggie'sclassmateslaughathim？A．BecauseAuggielooksuglyonhisappearance．B．Becauseheisnotassmartashisclassmates．C．Becausehehasneverbeeninschool．D．Becausehisfamilyisverypoor．()4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？A．IftheboyAuggielivesinreallife，hewillnotbeacceptedbypeople．B．Auggie'sclassmatesstilldon'twanttomakefriendswithhimintheend．C．Auggieisverycleverandhasasenseofhumorbutdislikestalkingtoothers．D．Itisveryimportantforustohavethecourage，cleverness，andkindnessinlife．（六）Didyoutakepartinacampthissummer?Therearesomanysummercampsandnotallofthemarethesame.Tochoosewhichcampisbestforyou,firstyoumustdoabitofresearch.Maybeyou'veneverthoughtaboutitbefore,buteverygreatsummercamphasthesamemaingoals—opportunity,challengeandgrowth.Opportunitymeansyouaregivenachancetodosomethingspecial.Italsomakesyouspecialbecauseotherkidsdon'thavethesameopportunity.Forexample,ifyouareinterestedinwriting,thenyoucanchoosetojoinajournalism(新聞)camp.Youmayhavetheopportunityofmeetingfamousjournaliststhere.Challengemeansyouaregivenatask.Youmustfinishthetaskandsucceedindealingwiththechallenge.Thenyouwillhaveasenseofachievement.Forexample,youcouldtakealifeguardcourseatsomesummercamps.Ifyoupasstheexam,thenyouwillreceiveacertificate(證書)tobecomeareallifeguard.Thisalsoleadstothethirdandmostimportantgoalofeverygreatsummercamp—personalgrowth.Itdoesn'tmeangrowingtallerandstrongerormorebeautiful.Itmeansseeingyourselfimprove,learningsomethingnewanddoingsomethingyoudidn'tknoworbelieveyoucoulddobefore.Italsomeansbecomingmoreconfidentinyourself.Sointhefuturewhenchoosingyournextsummercamp,remembertoaskyourself:Isitaspecialopportunity?Isitachallenge？WillIgrow?Butwhataboutfriendship,funandjoy?Thesewillallhappennaturallywhenyouhavetherightgoalsatsummercamps!()1.Whichisthewriter'sopinion?A.Differentcampshavedifferentgoals.B.Therearetoomanysummercampstoday.C.Allgreatsummercampshavethesamemaingoals.D.Allthesummercampsofferthesameactivitiesandcourses.()2.Accordingtothepassage,acamperfeelssuccessfulwhenhe________．A.joinsthebestcampB.finishesahardtaskC.growstallerandstrongerD.takesaspecialchance()3.Themostimportantthingforacamperisto________．A.takeopportunitiesB.growmorebeautifulC.becomebetterandmoreconfidentD.learnnewlifesavingskills()4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?A.It'snotimportanttohavefunatacamp.B.It'shardtomakerealfriendsatacamp.C.Youcangetmorejoywithmoregoalsatacamp.D.Withtherightgoals,youcanhavefunwhilelearningatacamp.()5.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whatmakesacampgreat?B.Whichisthebestgoal?C.Howtobeasuccessfulcamper?D.Howtodoresearchwork?（七）Inourdailylife,robotsareoftenfoundtodoworkthatistoodangerous,boring,difficult,ordirty.Andweoftenseekidsplaywithtoyrobots.Butwhatexactlyisarobot?Therearesomeimportantcharacteristics(特征)thatarobotmusthave.Thesecharacteristicsmighthelpyoutodecidewhatisandwhatisnotarobot.Itwillalsohelpyoutodecidewhatyouwillneedtobuildintoamachinebeforeitcanbeconsideredasarobot.Arobothastheseimportantcharacteristics：SensingFirstofall,yourrobotwouldhavetobeabletosensetheenvironmentaroundit.Giveyourrobotsensors(傳感器):lightsensors(eyes),touchsensors(hands),chemicalsensors(nose),hearingsensors(ears)andtastesensors(tongue)．MovementArobotneedstobeabletomovearounditsenvironment.Itcanmoveonwheels,walkonlegsorbedrivenbysmallengines(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)).Arobotcanmoveeitherthewholebodyorjustpartsofit.EnergyArobotneedstobeabletopoweritself.Somerobotsmightpowerthemselveswithsunlight,somemightwithelectricity,whileotherswiththebatteries(電池).Thewayyourrobotgetsitsenergywilldependonwhatyourrobotneedstodo.IntelligenceArobotneedssomekindof“smarts”.Aprogrammeristhepersonwhogivestherobotits“smarts”.Therobotwillhavetohaveacertainwaytoreceivetheprogramsothatitknowswhatitistodo.()1.Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2isabout________.A.thetoyB.thecharacteristicC.themachineD.theengine()2.Thechemicalsensorsmayhelparobotto________．A.seeB.catchC.hearD.smell()3.Inhowmanywayscanarobotpoweritselfaccordingtothepassage?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.()4.TheChinesemeaningof“Intelligence”inthelastparagraphis________．A.能源B.勤奮C.智能D.外觀()5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tohelppeopleunderstandwhatarobotis.B.Totellwhatarobotcandoinourlife.C.Todescribethemovementofarobot.D.Tointroducethehistoryofrobots.（八）Isanearbyneighbourbetterthanafarawaycousin?AnAmericanlady,AnnaLane,believesit'strue.Herkindneighboursoncehelpedheroutwhenshewasinabigtrouble.MrsLanewaslivingaloneinacityinTexas,US.Thewomaninher70scoulddoalotofhouseworkherself.However,shewastoooldtomow(修剪)herlawn(草坪).Thenabigtroublefoundher.Sheletthegrassgrowover18incheshighanditbrokethelawinhercity.Asaresult,shewasindangerofpayinglotsofmoneyorevengoingtoprison!Luckily,herneighbour,theAdamsbrothers,heardthenewsaboutheronTV.Theydecidedtodosomethingtohelp.“Wehaven'tmetheryet,butshe's75yearsoldandsheneedssomehelp.”saidSamAdams,oneoftheboys.“That'stheleastwecoulddo.”TheAdamsbrotherstooktheirmowers(修剪機(jī))andcametoMrsLane'shousetomowherlawnwithouttellingher.Oncetheygotstarted,otherneighbourssawwhatwasgoingonandjoinedintheeffort.Togethertheyworkedhardinthesunandfinishedmowingthewholelawninabouttwohours.WhenMrsLanesawwhatherneighboursdidforher,shewassurprisedandmovedtotears(感動(dòng)得落淚).“Icannotbelievethis，”shesaid.“TheyweresokindtospendtwohourshelpingmeandIdidn'tevenknowtheirnames.”AsfortheAdamsbrothers,theysaidtheywouldalwaysbereadytohelpher.()1.WhatcanweknowaboutMrsLane?A.Shewas70yearsold.B.Shecouldnotdoherhousework.C.Shewaslivingwithherchildren.D.Shecouldnotcutthegrassonthelawn.()2.MrsLanewasindangerofgoingtoprisonbecause．A.shebroketheeducationlawinhercityB.thegrassonherlawnwasover18incheshighC.thenewsaboutheronTVwasmadeupbyherD.shedidn'tpayenoughmoneytoherneighbours()3.Whomowedthelawn?A.TheAdamsbrothers.B.SamAdamsandMrsLane.C.TheAdamsbrothersandMrslane.D.TheAdamsbrothersandotherneighbours.()4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.TheAdamsbrothersknewMrslaneverywell.B.MrsLaneknewsomeofherneighbours'names.C.MrsLanedidn'texpectherneighbourswouldhelpher.D.TheAdamsbrothersusedMrsLane'smowerstocutthegrass.()5.Thebesttitle(題目)forthepassagewouldbe________．A.GoodneighboursB.AseriouscitylawC.AbeautifulgardenD.Humorousbrothers答案解析（一）本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了歷史上著名的四位女人和她們的行為及貢獻(xiàn)。1.A推理判斷題。題干意為：根據(jù)文章，哪個(gè)詞可以最好地描述阿梅莉亞·埃爾哈特？從第一欄短文判斷，阿梅莉亞·埃爾哈特是第一個(gè)飛越大西洋的飛行員，她是很勇敢的。故選A。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：赫蓮娜·魯賓斯坦搬去澳大利亞的時(shí)候，她的問題是什么？從第二欄第一句“...1902withoutabilitytospeakEnglish.”可知她的問題是不會(huì)講英語。故選B。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：凱瑟琳·赫本獲得了多少次奧斯卡最佳女演員獎(jiǎng)？從第三欄第二句“ShewonfourAcademyAwards(奧斯卡金像獎(jiǎng))forBestActress”可知她一共獲得了四次。故選D。4.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：埃米琳·潘克赫斯特一生都在為什么而戰(zhàn)？從最后一欄第二句“ShehelpedBritishwomengettherighttovote.”和第三句“Shefoughtfortherightsofwomenallthetime...”可知她一直在為英國女性權(quán)利而戰(zhàn)。故選B。5.C推理判斷題。題干意為：上述四位女性的共同點(diǎn)是什么？根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷，以上四個(gè)女人共同點(diǎn)是：一種先鋒精神。故選C。（二）本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了于文，一位非常出色的蛋雕師，從事蛋雕技藝25年，使用了超過一萬個(gè)蛋。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在雕刻一個(gè)蛋的過程中，最需要的是什么？由文章第一句“Eggcarving(蛋雕)isoftencalledthemostfragile(易碎的)art,asitrequiresgreatcarebefore,duringandevenafterthecarving.”可知蛋雕通常被稱為最脆弱的藝術(shù)，因?yàn)樗诘窨讨啊⑵陂g甚至之后都需要非常小心。故選C。[來源:Zxxk.Com]2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：于文認(rèn)為蛋雕是。文章第二段第三句“ButinYu'sopinion,thedifficultprocessmakeseggcarvingtwiceasexciting.”可知在于文看來，正是蛋雕艱難的過程使得蛋雕本身更令人激動(dòng)。故選B。3.A代詞指代題。題干意為：文章第二段劃線單詞it指的是。聯(lián)系前文“Ifyoucarveofftoomuch,theworkisbrokenandthereisnowaytodealwithit.”可知如果你切的太多，作品就會(huì)被破壞，沒有辦法去處理它。這個(gè)it指的是brokenwork。故選A。4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，于文把什么東西雕刻在蛋上？由文章倒數(shù)第二段第四句“Yucarveswithnotonlypopularcharactersortraditionalpatterns(圖案),butalsoPekingOperamasksandwallpaintings.”可知于文的蛋雕不僅有通俗的或傳統(tǒng)的圖案，還有京劇的面具和壁畫。沒有嬰兒的圖片，故①是沒有的。故選D。5.A推理判斷題。題干意為：從文章我們可以得知什么？由文章最后一段第一句“NowYuteacheseggcarvingatalocaluniversity.”于文現(xiàn)在當(dāng)?shù)匾凰髮W(xué)教授蛋雕技藝，故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；文章第一段“YuWen...hasbeenpractisingeggcarvingforabout25years.”可知于文已經(jīng)從事蛋雕25年了，而不是25歲才開始，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；文章第二段“Yuhasused...afteralongdayofholdingthecarvingknife.”可知由于長時(shí)間的握刀工作，于文的手上有厚厚的繭子，并且在一天的工作后，手無法握住筷子。她的手并沒有受傷。故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選A。（三）本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了莫提叔叔來到米娜的家生活，因不習(xí)慣社區(qū)生活而害怕外出，米娜帶他熟悉周圍環(huán)境和認(rèn)識周圍的人，從而適應(yīng)社區(qū)生活的故事。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：起初，莫提叔叔不想和米娜一起外出是因?yàn)?。根?jù)第二段第三句“...whileIamusedtothepeaceandquietofourvillage”可知莫提叔叔習(xí)慣于鄉(xiāng)村生活的平和和安靜，不習(xí)慣社區(qū)生活。故選C。2.B推理判斷題。題干意為：根據(jù)文中劃線句子，我們可以推斷出米娜是一個(gè)的女孩。從劃線句中的“tookhishand”可以看出，米娜很關(guān)心莫提叔叔，所以米娜是一個(gè)關(guān)心他人的女孩。故選B。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：文中句子“”能顯示出米娜的社區(qū)和叔叔的村莊是相似的。根據(jù)第三段莫提叔叔所講的和最后一段最后兩句“Nowitwillbeminetoo.Ithasfriends,kindshopkeepers,birds,andevenateashop...”可知相似之處是都有朋友、善良的售貨員，鳥兒和茶館。故選D。4.C推理判斷題。題干意為：這個(gè)故事暗示莫提叔叔后來可能會(huì)。從故事結(jié)尾可推測，莫提叔叔發(fā)現(xiàn)了社區(qū)與村莊的相似之處，所以他能習(xí)慣這兒的生活，不再害怕，樂意出門。故選C。（四）本文是一篇文學(xué)作品類閱讀，主要介紹了阿拉丁神燈的故事．1.B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)原文HeaskedAladdintogivethelamptohim．他叫阿拉丁把燈給他，故得此答案．2.D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)原文Aladdintriedtopushthestoneoutoftheway，buthecouldnot阿拉丁試著把石頭往外推，但是他不能．可知石頭很沉重，他根本就推不動(dòng)，故得此答案．3.A．詞義猜測題．根據(jù)原文前文Heturneditonhisfinger．他把它放在手指上．后文ageniestoodinfrontofhim，一個(gè)精靈站在他的前面．可知是在段時(shí)間內(nèi)出現(xiàn)的精靈，可以理解為馬上，立即．故得此答案．4.C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)原文thegeniesaid．"WhatmayIdoforyou？""Bringmefood，"themothersaid．精靈說，我能為你做什么呢？媽媽說，給我食物．可知阿拉丁的媽媽向神燈精靈要的是食物．故得此答案．5.A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)原文，Aladdinputthelampunderhisclothes．他把燈放到他的衣服下面．HepushedthestoneovertheholeandreturnedtoAfrica．他把石頭推到洞口就回到了非洲．ThegeniehelpedAladdintogobackhome．精靈幫助阿拉丁回家．Aladdingavethelamptohismother．阿拉丁把燈給他的媽媽．ThegeniebroughtfoodforAladdin'smother．精靈把食物給了阿拉丁的媽媽．可知這個(gè)順