畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)基于stc89s52單片機(jī)的電子秤系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

基于STC89S52單片機(jī)的電子秤系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)摘要電子秤是將檢測(cè)與轉(zhuǎn)換技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、信息處理、數(shù)字技術(shù)等技術(shù)綜合一體的現(xiàn)代新型稱重儀器。它與我們?nèi)粘Ｉ罹o密結(jié)合息息相關(guān)。電子稱主要以單片機(jī)作為中心控制單元，通過(guò)稱重傳感器進(jìn)行模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換單元，在配以鍵盤、顯示電路及強(qiáng)大軟件來(lái)組成。電子稱不但計(jì)量準(zhǔn)確、快速方便，更重要的自動(dòng)稱重、數(shù)字顯示，對(duì)人們生活的影響越來(lái)越大，廣受歡迎。本系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)主要從硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)，軟件編程調(diào)試，實(shí)物焊接調(diào)試三部分進(jìn)行詳細(xì)闡述。硬件電路主要是基于單片機(jī)STC89S52為核心的控制單元實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的處理，采用壓力傳感器對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行采集，電子秤專用24位AD轉(zhuǎn)換芯片HX711對(duì)傳感器采集到的模擬量進(jìn)行AD轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)換后的數(shù)據(jù)送到單片機(jī)進(jìn)行處理顯示，數(shù)據(jù)顯示由LCD1602液晶實(shí)現(xiàn)，液晶顯示效果穩(wěn)定無(wú)閃爍。關(guān)鍵字：STC89S52單片機(jī)；電子秤；壓力傳感器；HX711。ElectrnoicScaleDesignBasedonMCUAbstractIntelligentelectronicscaleisthedetectionandconversiontechnology,computertechnology,informationprocessing,digitaltechnology,anintegratedmoderntechnologyofnewweighingequipment.EctronicscaletakesSCMasitscentralcontrolingunit,andachievesADtransformthroughweightingtransducer,thenaddskeybord,displaycircuitandpowerfulsofterwear.Itisnotonlyaccurate,swift,andconvenient,butalsomakesanimportanteffecttopeople’slifebyitsautomaticweightmentanddigitaldisplay,soitbecomesmoreandmorepopular.Thedesignofthissystemgivesitseleborationfrom3parts:Hardwearcircuitdesign,softwearprogrammedebuggingandentitywelddebugging.HardwearcircuitreachesdataprocessingbythecontrolingunitwhichbasedonSTC89S52，andgathersdatabyweightingtransducer,thenmakesADtransformbyHX711tothedatagathered,andthetransformeddatathentransferredtoSTCfordisplayprosessing,atlastLCD1602wouldshowitoutsteadilywithouttwinklingKeywords：STC89S52SCMC；ElectrnoicScale；Loadsensor;HX7111緒論 圖20系統(tǒng)主程序流程圖4.2系統(tǒng)顯示部分流程圖顯示子程序主要是來(lái)判斷是否需要顯示,以及如何去顯示,也是十分重要的程序之一。設(shè)計(jì)流程圖如圖21所示。圖21系統(tǒng)顯示部分流程圖4.3系統(tǒng)按鍵檢測(cè)部分流程圖鍵盤電路設(shè)計(jì)成4X4矩陣式，在程序中可以先判斷按鍵編碼，然后根據(jù)編碼將鍵盤代表的數(shù)值送到相應(yīng)的存儲(chǔ)單元，再進(jìn)行功能選擇或數(shù)據(jù)處理。設(shè)計(jì)流程圖如圖22所示。圖22按鍵檢測(cè)部分流程圖5系統(tǒng)整體調(diào)試5.1硬件電路調(diào)試中遇到的問(wèn)題1、電子電路的設(shè)計(jì)中對(duì)各種影響因素的考慮不夠完全，比如在對(duì)過(guò)電壓情況的處理中未作防范措施。2、系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)不夠優(yōu)化，有待改善。比如系統(tǒng)的超量程信號(hào)直接由單片機(jī)送入報(bào)警電路，沒(méi)有設(shè)計(jì)保護(hù)電路再入單片機(jī)處理后送入報(bào)警電路。3、沒(méi)有擴(kuò)展更多電路，如溫度顯示功能，通訊接口電路與上位機(jī)（PC機(jī)）進(jìn)行通訊，上位機(jī)顯示功能從而將大量的商品數(shù)據(jù)存于上位機(jī)，然后通過(guò)串口或并口通訊與電子稱相連，達(dá)到遠(yuǎn)距離控制的目的。4、對(duì)各種實(shí)用芯片價(jià)格了解不夠，選擇上任有欠缺，如所選的稱重傳感器價(jià)格較貴。這些都為我今后的學(xué)習(xí)和工作留下了積極的影響。5.2系統(tǒng)實(shí)物調(diào)試效果圖經(jīng)過(guò)不懈的努力和導(dǎo)師的細(xì)心指導(dǎo)，實(shí)物最終得以調(diào)試成功，最終完成的實(shí)物效果圖如圖23、圖24所示。圖23系統(tǒng)實(shí)物稱重界面顯示效果圖圖24系統(tǒng)實(shí)物日歷界面顯示效果圖5.3系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)總結(jié)在此畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，鞏固了我在大學(xué)4年內(nèi)學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)，尤其是單片機(jī)和C語(yǔ)言編程方面的知識(shí)，同時(shí)通過(guò)這次畢設(shè)提高了單片機(jī)編程的能力，尤其是獲得的軟件調(diào)試經(jīng)驗(yàn)，同時(shí)了解到了其它相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)，對(duì)今后的工作學(xué)習(xí)有著極大的幫助。由于時(shí)間太倉(cāng)促，經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足，理論方面也相應(yīng)的存在不足，加上條件有限，仍存在著一些設(shè)計(jì)方面的問(wèn)題，個(gè)人技能也有待提高。理論知識(shí)還要鞏固加強(qiáng)。但是寶貴的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)還是對(duì)自己的提高有著極大的幫助。參考文獻(xiàn)[1]薛均義,張彥斌.《MCS-516系列單片微型計(jì)算機(jī)及應(yīng)用》[M].西安交通大學(xué)出版社,1999[3]黃繼昌．《傳感器工作原理及應(yīng)用實(shí)例》[A]，人民郵電出版社，1998[4]郭永貞，《數(shù)字電子技術(shù)》[M]西安電子科技大學(xué)出版社2000[5]楊金巖等.《8051單片機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸接口擴(kuò)展技術(shù)與應(yīng)用實(shí)例》[M]人民郵電出版社，2005．[6]張齊，杜群貴.《單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)》[M].電子工業(yè)出版社，2007[7]李廣弟《單片機(jī)基礎(chǔ)》[M],北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社,2001[8]于京《51系列單片機(jī)C程序設(shè)計(jì)與應(yīng)用方案》[M]中國(guó)電力出版社2002.[9]張齊，杜群貴《單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)》[M].電子工業(yè)出版社，2004[10]張洪潤(rùn)《電子線路與電子技術(shù)》[M].清華大學(xué)出版社，2005[11]童詩(shī)白，華成英.《模擬電子技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)》[M].高等教育出版社,2006[12]胡海學(xué).《單片機(jī)原理及應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)》[M].電子工業(yè)出版社,2005.[13]及力，《Protel99SE原理圖與PCB設(shè)計(jì)教程》[M]電子工業(yè)出版社，2004.[14]戴佳，《51單片機(jī)C語(yǔ)言設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例精講》[M]電子工業(yè)出版社2006[15]周堅(jiān)，《單片機(jī)C語(yǔ)言輕松入門》[M]北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社2007附錄附錄1系統(tǒng)整體電路圖附錄2系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)PCB圖附錄3系統(tǒng)部分源程序voidshizhong_hanshu(){ init(); Init_DS1302();//初始化芯片 init_1602();//初始化lcd while(1) { if(du_k2==0) dianzhicheng_hanshu(); //跳去運(yùn)行電子稱 tmpchange(); //溫度轉(zhuǎn)換 wendu_100bei=tmp(); //獲得溫度 show_date(); keyscan(); if((shi==clock_shi)&&(fen==clock_fen)&&(status==2)&&(miao<5)) { clock_flag=1; TR1=1; } if(status==1) //鬧鐘狀態(tài)A解除鬧鐘 { clock_flag=0; clock=1; TR1=0; } }}voidget_pizhong(){ uintj; ulonghx711_dat; for(j=0;j<5;j++) Delay10ms(); hx711_dat=ReadCount(); temp=(uint)(hx711_dat/100); }voidget_weight(){ ulonghx711_data,a; uintget,aa; hx711_data=ReadCount(); get=(uint)(hx711_data/100); if(get<(temp+4)) { while(1) { if(du_k1==0) shizhong_hanshu(); //跳去運(yùn)行時(shí)間 weight=0; TR0=0; //不允許運(yùn)行 chaozhong_flag=0; //無(wú)重物，超重標(biāo)志為0； clock=1; if(leiji_flag==1) { weight_shuzhi(leiji_weight);//顯示累計(jì)重量 P3=0xf0; if(P3!=0xf0) { leiji_count--; break; } //按鍵就提出 } else weight_shuzhi(weight);//顯示重量 hx711_data=ReadCount(); get=(uint)(hx711_data/100); if(get>(temp+4))break; } } a=ReadCount(); aa=(uint)(a/100)-temp; weight=(uint)((float)aa/4.4+0.05); weight=weight-qi_weight; //去皮 if(weight>=0) { if(weight>5000) {chaozhong_flag=1;TR0=1;} //重量大于5000g，超重報(bào)警? else {chaozhong_flag=0;TR0=0;clock=1;} weizhi_zifu(0x00,'+'); } else{weizhi_zifu(0x00,'-');}}voidpress(uchar*s){ unsignedchardat;nn: P3=0xf0; //保存第一位 while(P3==0xf0) { get_weight();//得到重量 if(weight>0) {weight_shuzhi(weight);}//顯示重量 else {weight_shuzhi(-weight);} }dat=key_scan(); if(dat>=0&&dat<10){ if(leiji_flag==1) { leiji_weight=leiji_weight+weight; leiji_count++; if(leiji_count==10) leiji_count=0; weizhi_zifu(0x04,0x30+leiji_count); weight_shuzhi(leiji_weight); } *s=dat; price_shuzhi(1,dat+0x30);//顯示 s++; } if(dat==16) //去皮 {qi_weight=weight+qi_weight;gotonn;} if(dat==15) //置零 { qi_weight=0; weight=0; price=0; money=0; pricetable[2]=0; pricetable[1]=0; pricetable[0]=0; leiji_flag=0; leiji_weight=0; leiji_count=0; chaozhong_flag=0; clock=1; TR0=0; write_com(0x01);//清屏; init_1602(); system(); gotonn; } if(dat==14)//累計(jì) { leiji_flag=1; leiji_weight=leiji_weight+weight; leiji_count++; if(leiji_count==10) {leiji_count=0;} write_com(0x01);//清屏; init_1602(); system(); weizhi_zifu(0x04,0x30+leiji_count); gotonn; }mm: P3=0xf0; //保存第二位 while(P3==0xf0) { get_weight();//得到重量 if(leiji_flag==1) {weight_shuzhi(leiji_weight);}//如果累計(jì)標(biāo)志為1，顯示累計(jì)重量 else { if(weight>0) {weight_shuzhi(weight);}//顯示重量 else {weight_shuzhi(-weight);} } } dat=key_scan(); if(dat>=0&&dat<10){ *s=dat; price_shuzhi(2,dat+0x30);//顯示 s++; } if(dat==16) //去皮 {qi_weight=weight+qi_weight;gotomm;} if(dat==12) //清除 {s--;*s=0;price_shuzhi(1,'');gotonn;} if(dat==15) //置零 { s--; qi_weight=0; weight=0; price=0; money=0; pricetable[2]=0; pricetable[1]=0; pricetable[0]=0; leiji_flag=0; leiji_weight=0; leiji_count=0; chaozhong_flag=0; clock=1; TR0=0; write_com(0x01); //清屏; init_1602(); system(); gotonn; }致謝該電子秤控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)及論文的撰寫(xiě)是在我的導(dǎo)師？老師的精心指導(dǎo)和悉心關(guān)懷下完成的，從論文的選題、研究、撰寫(xiě)到定稿，都得到了？老師細(xì)心指導(dǎo)。他寬厚待人，對(duì)學(xué)生關(guān)懷備至，在工作上精益求精，對(duì)學(xué)生嚴(yán)格要求，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生學(xué)以致用，敢于實(shí)踐，勇于創(chuàng)新，在實(shí)踐中發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題。？老師具有豐富的科研經(jīng)驗(yàn)與理論水平，其開(kāi)明的學(xué)術(shù)思想、求實(shí)的科研作風(fēng)和對(duì)科學(xué)研究及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的深刻認(rèn)識(shí)給我以極大的影響、啟迪和熏陶，令我受益匪淺。該設(shè)計(jì)及論文的圓滿完成是和？老師的細(xì)心關(guān)懷分不開(kāi)的。在系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和論文的研究工作中無(wú)不傾注著各位老師的心血和辛勤的汗水，各位老師嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)闹螌W(xué)態(tài)度、淵博的知識(shí)、生動(dòng)而滿富激情的授課方式，讓我四年里學(xué)到了扎實(shí)的理論知識(shí)。從各位尊敬的老師身上，我不僅學(xué)到了扎實(shí)的專業(yè)知識(shí)和豐富的實(shí)踐技能，也學(xué)到了很多做人的道理。在此，向給予我指導(dǎo)和幫助的各位老師致以最衷心的感謝和深深的敬意！在這四年多的學(xué)習(xí)和研究工作中，也得到了學(xué)院的師兄弟們的關(guān)心和熱心幫助，在此向他們表示由衷的感謝！最后，衷心感謝在百忙中評(píng)閱論文和參加答辯的各位專家、教授和同學(xué)!ganemploymenttribunalclaiEmploymenttribunalssortoutdisagreementsbetweenemployersandemployees.Youmayneedtomakeaclaimtoanemploymenttribunalif:youdon'tagreewiththedisciplinaryactionyouremployerhastakenagainstyouyouremployerdismissesyouandyouthinkthatyouhavebeendismissedunfairly.Formoreinformationaboutdismissalandunfairdismissal,see

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openeddisciplinaryproceedingsagainstCSKA

forthe"racistbehaviouroftheirfans"during

City's2-1win.MichelPlatini,presidentofEuropeanfootball'sgoverningbody,hasalsoorderedanimmediateinvestigationintothereferee'sactions.CSKAsaidtheywere"surprisedanddisappointed"byToure'scomplaint.InastatementtheRussiansideadded:"WefoundnoracistinsultsfromfansofCSKA."Agehasreachedtheendofthebeginningofaword.Maybeguiltyinhisseemstopassingalotofdifferentlifebecametheappearanceofthesameday;Maybebackinthepast,tooneselftheparanoidweirdbeliefdisillusionment,thesedays,mymindhasbeenverymessy,inmymindconstantly.Alwaysfeeloneselfshouldgotodosomething,orwritesomething.Twentyyearsoflifetrajectorydeeplyshallow,suddenlyfeelsomething,doit.一字開(kāi)頭的年齡已經(jīng)到了尾聲?；蛟S是愧疚于自己似乎把轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的很多個(gè)不同的日子過(guò)成了同一天的樣子；或許是追溯過(guò)去，對(duì)自己那些近乎偏執(zhí)的怪異信念的醒悟，這些天以來(lái)，思緒一直很凌亂，在腦海中不斷糾纏?？傆X(jué)得自己自己似乎應(yīng)該去做點(diǎn)什么，或者寫(xiě)點(diǎn)什么。二十年的人生軌跡深深淺淺，突然就感覺(jué)到有些事情，非做不可了。Theendofourlife,andcanmeetmanythingsreallydo?而窮盡我們的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？Duringmychildhood,thinkluckymoneyandnewclothesarenecessaryforNewYear,butastheadvanceoftheage,willbemoreandmorefoundthatthosethingsareoptional;Juniorhighschool,thoughttohaveacrushonjustmeansthattherealgrowth,butoverthepastthreeyearslater,hiswritingofalumniinpeace,suddenlyfoundthatisn'treallygrowup,itseemsisnotsoimportant;Theninhighschool,thinkdon'twanttogiveventtooutyourinnervoicecanbeinthehighschoolchildrenofthefeelingsinaperiod,butwaseventuallyinfarctionwhengraduationpartyinthethroat,lateragainstoodonthepitchhehassweatprofusely,lookedathisthrownabasketballhoops,suddenlyfoundhimselfhasalreadycan'trememberhisappearance.童年時(shí)，覺(jué)得壓歲錢和新衣服是過(guò)年必備，但是隨著年齡的推進(jìn)，會(huì)越來(lái)越發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些東西根本就可有可無(wú)；初中時(shí)，以為要有一場(chǎng)暗戀才意味著真正的成長(zhǎng)，但三年過(guò)去后，自己心平氣和的寫(xiě)同學(xué)錄的時(shí)候，突然就發(fā)現(xiàn)是不是真正的成長(zhǎng)了，好像并沒(méi)有那么重要了；然后到了高中，覺(jué)得非要吐露出自己的心聲才能為高中生涯里的懵懂情愫劃上一個(gè)句點(diǎn)，但畢業(yè)晚會(huì)的時(shí)候最終還是被梗塞在了咽喉，后來(lái)再次站在他曾經(jīng)揮汗如雨的球場(chǎng)，看著他投過(guò)籃球的球框時(shí)，突然間發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已經(jīng)想不起他的容顏。Originally,thisworld,canproduceachemicalreactiontoanevent,inadditiontoresolutely,havetodo,andtime.原來(lái)，這個(gè)世界上，對(duì)某個(gè)事件能產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)的，除了非做不可的堅(jiān)決，還有，時(shí)間。Aperson'stime,yourideasarealwaysspecialtoclear.Want,want,lineisclear,asifnothingcouldshakehis.Alsoonceseemedtobedeterminedtodosomething,butmoreoftenishebackedoutatlast.Dislikehiscowardice,finallyfoundthattherearealotoflove,therearealotofmiss,likeshadowreallyhavebeendoomed.Thosewhodo,justgreenyearsoneselfgiveoneselfanarminjection,orisaself-righteousspiritual.一個(gè)人的時(shí)候，自己的想法總是特別地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明確，好像沒(méi)有什么可以撼動(dòng)自己。也曾經(jīng)好像已經(jīng)下定了決心去做某件事，但更多的時(shí)候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌惡過(guò)自己的怯懦，最終卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多緣分，有很多錯(cuò)過(guò)，好像冥冥之中真的已經(jīng)注定。那些曾經(jīng)所謂的非做不可，只是青蔥年華里自己給自己注射的一支強(qiáng)心劑，或者說(shuō)，是自以為是的精神寄托罷了。Atthemoment,theskyisdark,theairisfreshfactorafterjustrained.Suddenlythoughtofblueplaidshirt;Thosewerebrokenintovariousshapesofstationery;Fromthecorneratthebeginningofdeepfriendship;Havedeclaredtheendoftheencounterthathaven'tstartplanning...Thoseyears,thosedaysofdo,finally,likeyouth,willendinourlife.此刻，天空是陰暗的，空氣里有著剛下過(guò)雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件藍(lán)格子襯衫；那些被折成各種各樣形狀的信紙；那段從街角深巷伊始的友誼；還有那場(chǎng)還沒(méi)有開(kāi)始就宣告了終結(jié)的邂逅計(jì)劃……那些年那些天的非做不可，終于和青春一樣，都將在我們的人生中謝幕。Baumgartnerthedisappointingnews:Missionaborted.rplaysanimportantroleinthismission.Startingattheground,conditionshavetobeverycalm--windslessthan2mph,withnoprecipitationorhumidityandlimitedcloudcover.Theballoon,withcapsuleattached,willmovethroughthelowerleveloftheatmosphere(thetroposphere)whereourday-to-dayweatherlives.ItwillclimbhigherthanthetipofMountEverest(5.5miles/8.85kilometers),driftingevenhigherthanthecruisingaltitudeofcommercialairliners(5.6miles/9.17kilometers)andintothestratosphere.Ashecrossestheboundarylayer(calledthetropopause),ecanexpectalotofturbulence.ThesupersonicdescentcouldhappenasearlyasSunda.TheweatheTheballoonwillslowly