2019年英語新必修二講義Unit5SectionⅠWarmingUpReading-Pre-reading

SilentnightisaChristmascarol.Itisnowoneofthemostrecordedsongsintheworld.ThewordsofSilentnightwerewrittenbyFr.JosephMohrinAustriain1816andthemusicwasaddedin1818,byhisfriendFranzXaverGruber,fortheChristmasserviceatSt.NicholaschurchinAustria.It'ssaidthatFr.MohrwantedthecaroltobesungbythechildrenatthemidnightChristmasEveservice,asasurprisefortheirparents.Butinthemiddleofpractisingtheorgan(風(fēng)琴)broke.Sothechildrenhadtolearnthecarolonlyaccompanied(伴奏)byaguitar.Theylearntthecarolsowellthattheycouldsingitwithoutaccompaniment.However,therearenorecordstoshowthatachildren'schoir(合唱團)tookpartorthattheorganwasbroken!Mohrsetdowntheguitararrangement(改編曲)onpaperaround1820.TherearevariousSilentnightarrangementsthatwerewrittenbyFranzGruberinlateryears.Atfirst,thewordsofthesongwereinGermananditwastranslatedintoEnglishin1863byJohnFreemanYoung.It'sthoughtthatthesongmighthavetravelledaroundtheareawithanorganrepairman,KarlMauracher,whocouldhavetakenanearlyarrangementwithhiminabout1820.Thentwosingingfamiliesseemtohavediscoveredthesongandperformeditaspartoftheirconcerts.InDecember1832,theStrasserfamilyperformeditataconcert.ItwasfirstperformedintheUSAin1839bytheRainerfamilyinNewYorkCity.Duringthistimethetune(Section_ⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Pre-reading[原文呈現(xiàn)][讀文清障]THEBANDTHATWASN'THaveyoueverwantedtobepartofabandasafamoussingerormusician①？Haveyoueverdreamedof②playinginfrontofthousandsofpeopleataconcert,atwhicheveryoneisclappingandappreciatingyourmusic③？Doyousingkaraokeandpretend④youareafamoussingerlikeSongZuyingorLiuHuan?Tobehonest⑤，alotofpeopleattachgreatimportanceto⑥becomingrichandfamous.Butjusthowdopeopleform⑦aband?Manymusiciansmeetandformabandbecausetheyliketowriteandplaytheirownmusic⑧.Theymaystartasagroupofhigh-schoolstudents,forwhompractisingtheirmusicinsomeone'shouseisthefirststeptofame⑨.Sometimestheymayplaytopassers-by⑩inthestreetorsubwaysothattheycanearn?someextra?moneyforthemselvesortopayfortheirinstruments?.Latertheymaygiveperformances?inpubs?orclubs,forwhichtheyarepaidincash?.Ofcoursetheyhopetomakerecordsinastudio?andsellmillionsofcopiestobecomemillionaires??、賛usician/mju?'zI?n/n.音樂家②dreamof夢見；夢想；設(shè)想可接動名詞作賓語。③atwhich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，可用where替換。④pretend/prI'tend/vt.假裝；假扮⑤tobehonest說實在地；實話說，常用作插入語。⑥attach...to認(rèn)為有(重要性、意義)；附上；連接attach/?'t?t?/vt.&vi.系上；縛上；附加；連接attachimportanceto重視⑦form/f??m/vt.(使)組成；形成；構(gòu)成⑧because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。⑨fame/feIm/n.名聲；名望forwhom引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，該從句的主語由動名詞短語充當(dāng)。thefirststeptofame成名的第一步⑩passer-by/?pɑ?s?'baI/n.過路人；行人復(fù)數(shù)形式為passers-by。?earn/??n/vt.賺；掙得；獲得earnone's/aliving謀生sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。?extra/'ekstr?/adj.額外的；外加的?instrument/'Instr?m?nt/n.工具；器械；樂器?performance/p?'f??m?ns/n.表演；演奏giveperformances表演，演出?pub/p?b/n.酒館；酒吧?incash用現(xiàn)金；有現(xiàn)錢?studio/'stju?dI??/n.工作室；演播室，復(fù)數(shù)為studios。?millionaire/?mIlj?'ne?/n.百萬富翁；富豪并非樂隊的樂隊[第1～2段譯文]你曾經(jīng)想過要成為一個樂隊里有名的歌手或音樂家嗎？你是否曾夢想過在音樂會上面對成千上萬的觀眾演唱，而音樂會上的每個人都欣賞你的音樂并為你鼓掌呢？你唱過卡拉OK并假裝自己就像是宋祖英或劉歡一樣著名的歌星嗎？說實在的，很多人把名和利看得很重要。那么，人們又是怎樣一起組成樂隊的呢？許多音樂家聚在一起組成樂隊，是因為他們喜歡自己作曲并演奏自己的音樂。他們開始可能是一群中學(xué)生，對他們來說，在某個人家里排練音樂是成名的第一步。有時他們可能在街上或地鐵里為過路者演奏，這樣他們可以為自己或自己要買的樂器多掙一些錢。后來，他們可能在酒吧或者俱樂部里演出，并為此得到現(xiàn)金報酬。當(dāng)然，他們希望在錄音棚里錄音，然后賣掉數(shù)百萬張碟，從而成為百萬富翁！

However,therewasonebandthatstartedinadifferentway?.ItwascalledtheMonkees?andbeganasaTVshoweq\o(○,\s\up1(21)).Themusiciansweretoplayjokesoneq\o(○,\s\up1(22))eachotheraswellasplaymusic,mostofwhichwasbasedlooselyoneq\o(○,\s\up1(23))theBeatleseq\o(○,\s\up1(24)).TheTVorganizershadplannedtofindfourmusicianseq\o(○,\s\up1(25))whocouldactaswellassing.Theyputanadvertisementinanewspaperlookingforrockmusicianseq\o(○,\s\up1(26))，buttheycouldonlyfindonewhowasgoodenough.Theyhadtouseactorseq\o(○,\s\up1(27))fortheotherthreemembersoftheband.Assomeoftheseactorscouldnotsingwellenougheq\o(○,\s\up1(28))，theyhadtorelyoneq\o(○,\s\up1(29))othermusicianstohelpthem.Soduringthebroadcastseq\o(○,\s\up1(30))theyjustpretendedtosing.Anyhowtheirperformanceswerehumorouseq\o(○,\s\up1(31))enoughtobecopiedeq\o(○,\s\up1(32))byothergroups.Theyweresopopularthattheirfansformedclubsinordertogetmorefamiliarwitheq\o(○,\s\up1(33))them.EachweekonTV,theMonkeeswouldplayandsingsongswrittenbyothermusicianseq\o(○,\s\up1(34)).However,afterayearorsoeq\o(○,\s\up1(35))inwhichtheybecamemoreseriousabouttheirwork,theMonkeesstartedtoplayandsingtheirownsongslikearealband.Thentheyproducedtheirownrecordsandstartedtouringandplayingtheirownmusic.IntheUSAtheybecameevenmorepopularthantheBeatlesandsoldevenmorerecords.Thebandbrokeupeq\o(○,\s\up1(36))about1970,buthappilytheyreunitedeq\o(○,\s\up1(37))inthemid-1980s.Theyproducedanewrecordin1996,withwhichtheycelebratedtheirformertimeasarealband.?that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾band。?theMonkees/'m??ki?z/門基樂隊eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))TVshow電視表演；電視秀eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))playjokeson戲弄，也可說playajokeon。eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))bebasedon以……為基礎(chǔ)；仿照……mostofwhich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個句子。eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))theBeatles甲殼蟲樂隊eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))hadplannedtodo本來計劃去做某事，但事實上沒做成。是一種虛擬語氣的用法。eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))lookingfor...為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))actor/'?kt?/n.男演員；行動者eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))relyon依賴；依靠，也作relyupon。rely/rI'laI/vi.依賴；依靠eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))broadcast/'br??dkɑ?st/n.廣播；播放vi.&vt.(broadcast;broadcast)廣播；播放eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))humorous/'hju?m?r?s/adj.幽默的；詼諧的eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))copyv．模仿，仿效；(考試時)作弊；剽竊eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))be/getfamiliarwith熟悉；與……熟悉起來；主語往往是人。familiar/f?'mIlI?/adj.熟悉的；常見的；親近的befamiliartosb.主語往往是物，意為“某物為某人所熟知”。Theywereso...that...inorderto...含有so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句；that從句中的inorderto...作目的狀語。eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))過去分詞短語作定語，修飾songs。eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))orso大約，必須放在被修飾詞的后面，而about和some應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的前面。eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))breakup打碎；分裂；解體eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))reunite/?ri?ju?'naIt/vt.再統(tǒng)一；再聯(lián)合；重聚[第3～4段譯文]然而，也有一個用不同方式組建起來的樂隊。這支樂隊叫“門基樂隊”，它開始時是以電視節(jié)目表演的形式出現(xiàn)的。組成樂隊的音樂人一邊演奏音樂，一邊彼此打趣逗笑。這些玩笑和音樂大多都在模仿“甲殼蟲”樂隊。電視制作人原計劃尋找四位既會唱又會表演的樂手。他們在報紙上登了一則廣告，想招搖滾樂手，但他們只招到一個滿意的。他們只能用演員來代替樂隊的其他三人。,因為這些演員中有些人唱得不是很好，他們不得不依靠其他樂手幫助。所以在演出的時候他們只是假唱。不管怎樣，他們的表演非常幽默，使得其他的樂隊也開始模仿。他們?nèi)绱耸軞g迎以至于歌迷們?yōu)榱烁邮煜に麄兌闪⒘司銟凡??！伴T基樂隊”每個星期都要在電視上演唱由別的音樂家創(chuàng)作的歌曲。然而，經(jīng)過大約一年以后，“門基樂隊”逐漸對自己的工作認(rèn)真起來，他們開始像一支真正的樂隊那樣表演并演唱自己創(chuàng)作的歌曲。然后他們錄制了自己的唱片，并且開始巡回表演他們自己的音樂。在美國，他們甚至比“甲殼蟲”樂隊還要受歡迎，出售的錄音專輯還要多?！伴T基樂隊”大約在1970年解散，但令人高興的是，在20世紀(jì)80年代中期他們再次聚首。在1996年，他們推出了一張新的專輯，以此來慶祝他們真正成為樂隊以來的那段時光。Pre-readingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．rollA．音樂家2．folk B．廣播；播放3．musicianC．滾動4．pretend D．男演員；行動者5．formE．工具；器械；樂器6．earnF．民間的7．extraG．(使)組成；形成8．instrumentH．吸引人的；有吸引力的9．performI．額外的；外加的10．a(chǎn)ctorJ．假裝；假扮11．broadcastK．賺；掙得；獲得12．humorousL．表演；履行；執(zhí)行13．a(chǎn)ttractiveM．幽默的；詼諧的1～5________6～10________11～13________答案：1～5CFAJG6～10KIELD11～13BMHLead-in1．Matchtheinstrumentswiththepictures.A．erhu(二胡) B．guitar(吉他)C．piano(鋼琴) D．flute(笛子)E．cucurbitflute(葫蘆絲)F．violin(小提琴)答案：①～⑥EFADCB2．Lookatthepicturesandmatchthebandswiththeirnames.A．theMonkees B．TwelveGirlsBandC．theBeatles答案：①～③BCAWhile-readingFast-readingSkimthetextandcompletethefollowingquestions.1．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Howtobeafamoussinger.B．HowmostbandsstartandtheintroductionoftheMonkees.C．Theimportanceofmusic.D．Famousbandsintheworld.答案：B2．Matchthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1APara.2B．HowtheMonkeesbecamepopularandhowtheydevelopedasarealband.Para.3Para.4D．TheMonkeesstartedinadifferentway.Para.1—__C__Para.2—__A__Para.3—__D__Para.4—__B__Careful-readingReadthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．WhythenamesofSongZuyingandLiuHuanarementionedinParagraph1?A．Becausetheyareveryfamous.B．Becausetheycansingverywell.C．Thetextonlywantsustoknowthem.D．Thetextisgivingussomeexamplesofthefamoussingersthatwemightwanttobelike.2．Howmanymusiciansweretherewhenthebandwasformedatthebeginning?A．Four. B．Three.C．Two. D．One.3．WhendidtheMonkeesbreakupandwhendiditreunite?A．1970;1996. B．1970;1990.C．1970;themid-1980s. D．1968;1986.4．Whatdoesthetitleofthepassagemean?A．Thebandwasn'tafamousone.B．Thebandwasformedinadifferentway.C．Thebanddidn'tplaytheirownmusic.D．Thebandwasn'tsupportedbyitsfans.答案：1～4DDCBStudy-readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Sometimestheymayplaytopassers-byinthestreetorsubwaysothattheycanearnsomeextramoneyforthemselvesortopayfortheirinstruments.[句式分析]Sometimestheymay...orsubway為句子主干；sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，其中topayfor...為不定式作目的狀語。[嘗試翻譯]有時他們可能在街上或地鐵里為過路者演奏，這樣他們可以為自己或自己要買的樂器多掙一些錢。2．Themusiciansweretoplayjokesoneachotheraswellasplaymusic,mostofwhichwasbasedlooselyontheBeatles.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]組成樂隊的音樂人一邊演奏音樂，一邊彼此打趣逗笑。這些玩笑和音樂大多都在模仿“甲殼蟲”樂隊。3．Theyputanadvertisementinanewspaperlookingforrockmusicians,buttheycouldonlyfindonewhowasgoodenough.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]他們在報紙上登了一則廣告，想招搖滾樂手，但他們只招到一個滿意的。Ⅰ.閱讀理解AIntheyear2015,JenniferLawrencetoppedtheForbeslistofthehighest-paidactresses.ShegaveherfinalperformanceasKatnissEverdeen,inMockingjay—Part2,thelastfilmoftheHungerGamesseries.Init,sheteamsupwithPeetaandGaletosavethenationofPanemduringawarwiththeCapitol'scorrupt(腐敗的)government.TheworldhaswatchedLawrencegrowuponscreenovertheyearsoftheseries.“Ilovebeingpartofafilmthatcansparkconversation，”Lawrencesays.“It'sbeensuchanamazingpartinmylife.”TheOscar-winnerhasalsosparkedconversationasanadvocate(提倡者)forequalpayforwomenandmeninherindustry.Earlierintheyear,shefoundthatshewaspaidlessforactinginthemovieAmericanHustlethanhermaleco-stars,soshewroteanarticleonlineaboutthepaygapinHollywood,titled“WhyDoIMakeLessThanMyMaleCo-Stars？”Becausewhatshewrotewentpublic,otheractressesalsocameoutforhigherpay.BornonAugust15,1990,LawrencegrewupinKentuckywithherparentsandtwoelderbrothers.Shesaystheyhelpedherdevelophersenseofhumor.Atjust19yearsold,shewasnominated(提名)forherfirstOscarforherroleinthefilmWinter'sBone.Throughouthercareer,Lawrencehasalsoworkedtotrytopromote(宣傳)healthybodyimages.WhenshetookontheroleofKatnissintheHungerGamesseries,sherefusedtoappearunhealthyoncamera.Thoughthebook,writtenbySuzanneCollins,describesKatnissasverythin,Lawrencedidnottrytolooklikethatinthemovie.語篇解讀：本文為記敘文。文章向我們介紹了美國好萊塢的知名女演員JenniferLawrence。1．What'sLawrence'spurposeofwritingthearticleonline?A．Tohelpincreasewomen'spayinherindustry.B．Toshowthatshehasbeenunfairlytreated.C．Todrawpeople'sattentiontohermovie.D．Tomakeactorsreceivelowerpay.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的第一句可知，JenniferLawrence寫那篇文章是為了幫助提高女演員的片酬。2．LawrencewasnominatedforherfirstOscarbecauseof________.A．AmericanHustle B．Winter'sBoneC．Mockingjay—Part2 D．theHungerGamesseries解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Atjust19yearsold,shewasnominated(提名)forherfirstOscarforherroleinthefilmWinter'sBone.”可知，答案為B。3．Thepassageiswrittento________.A．encourageequalpayB．introducesomemoviesC．encouragemovie-watchingD．introduceJenniferLawrence解析：選D寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了美國好萊塢的知名女演員JenniferLawrence。BListeningtomusicisconsideredagoodthingforadults.Indeeditis.Scientificstudieshaveprovenit.Musichassomanygoodeffectsonourbody,mindandmoodthatthisworldwillcertainlynotbeagoodplacewithoutmusic.Then,ismusicgoodforchildren?Someparentsthinksoandlettheirchildrenlearnorlistentomusic.Butsomeparentsdon'tknowtheimportanceofmusictochildren.Herearesomereasonswhymusicisimportanttochildren.First,musicisgoodforchildren'sintelligence.Studieshaveprovedthatchildrenwholearnmusicarelikelytohavehigherintelligencethanthosewhohavenointerestinordislikemusic.Thisisbecausethebraingetsstimulated(刺激)bytherhythmandtoneofmusic.Musicalsohassoothing(撫慰的)effectonchildrenandhelpsremovetheirstress.Today'schildrenareunderalotofstressfromschoolwork.Beingundertoomuchstressimpairschildren'shealth.Luckily,listeningtomusiccanhelpthemfeelbetter.Musiccanimprovechildren'smoods.Somechildrenaresadbynature.Theyseemtobelostintheirownthoughtsanddon'ttakeinterestintheirsurroundings.Insuchcases,amethodknownas“musictherapy”comestotheirrescue.Itchangestheirmoodsandplacesanewkindofspiritinthem.Musicisalsoauniversallanguagethatchildrenoughttolearn.Ourworldhasbecomeaglobalvillage.Peoplearegettingmoreandmoreinterestedinotherculturesandcountries.Musiccanhelptheminunderstandingforeigncultures.Nowwecansaythatmusicisveryimportantnotonlytoadultsbutalsotochildren.Sochildrenshouldbeencouragedtolearnmusicorlistentomusic.語篇解讀：小孩接觸音樂對他們很有好處，父母應(yīng)該多讓小孩接觸音樂。4．BymentioningscientificstudiesinParagraph1,theauthorwantstoshow________.A．whyadultsshouldlistentomusicB．childrenshouldlistentomusicC．listeningtomusicisonlygoodforadultsD．whyscientistsareinterestedinmusic解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Listeningtomusicisconsideredagoodthingforadults.Indeeditis.Scientificstudieshaveprovenit.”可知，作者是為了表明聽音樂對成人有益處，也就是為什么成人應(yīng)該聽音樂。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impairs”inParagraph3mean?A．Harms. B．Changes.C．Improves. D．Shows.解析：選A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Luckily,listeningtomusiccanhelpthemfeelbetter.”可知，畫線詞所在的句子是指“太多壓力會‘傷害’孩子的健康”。6．Thelastbutsecondparagraphshowsthatlisteningtomusicmeans________.A．learninglanguagesbetterB．understandingforeignculturesbetterC．a(chǎn)cceptingthefastdevelopingworldeasilyD．showinggreaterinterestinothercultures解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Musiccanhelptheminunderstandingforeigncultures.”可知，聽音樂可以幫助更好地理解外國的文化。7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhydoChildrenLoveMusic?B．HowtoChooseMusicforChildrenC．HowtoTeachChildrenMusicEasilyD．WhyisMusicImportanttoChildren?解析：選D標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講為什么音樂對小孩很重要。CAwoollymammoth(猛犸象)thatwasfrozeninicefor40,000yearsmaymakeitpossibleforscientiststobringtheanimalbacktolife.ThemammothwasfoundonanislandoffnorthernRussiainMay2013.Itsbodywasstillingoodshapebecauseoftheice.Somethingthatlookedlikebloodcameoutofitwhenitwasfirstdiscovered.Sofar,scientistshavefoundoutthattheanimal,whotheynicknamedButtercup,was2.5metrestallandabout50yearsoldwhenitdied.Byexaminingthethingsinitsintestines(腸道),scientistscantellitategrasslandplantslikedandelions(蒲公英)andbuttercups(金鳳花)．Woollymammothshavebeenextinctfor10,000years.Manyscientiststhinktheycouldlearnalotmoreabouttheanimaliftheycouldstudyalivingexample.Dr.ToriHerridge,ascientistattheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon,England,helpedstudythewoollymammoth'sbody.Shedoesn'tthinkscientistsshouldtrytocloneit.ShesaidthatscientistswouldneedanAsianelephanttobetheclone'smother.Thismeanstheywouldhavetokeepseveralelephantsincaptivity(囚禁)whiletheyexperimentwiththecloningprocess.ButAsianelephantsareendangered,anddon'tdowellincaptivity.BesidesInsungHwangisoneofthescientistsatSooam,acompanyfromSouthKorea.HesaidtheyhavenotyetfoundcompleteDNAinanyofthesamples(樣本),buttheyhavefoundpiecesofDNAthatcouldbepiecedtogether.Headdedthatitwilltakescientistsalongtimetostudythegenetic(基因的)informationfromthemammoth語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們目前對于所發(fā)現(xiàn)的猛犸象的研究進展情況。8．ThemammothfoundinMay2013________.A．wasdiscoveredineasternRussiaB．livedabout10,000yearsagoC．waskeptwellintheiceD．diedatanearlyage解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Itsbodywasstillingoodshapebecauseoftheice.”可知，在2013年5月發(fā)現(xiàn)的這頭猛犸象在冰層中保存得很好，故選C項。9．Asianelephantsarementionedtoshow________.A．thevalueofcloningthemammothB．howdifferenttheyarefrommammothsC．howimportanttheyaretohumanbeingsD．thedisadvantagesofcloningthemammoth解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“ButAsianelephantsareendangered,and...dangerousfortheelephantmother.”可知，文中之所以提到亞洲象是為了說明克隆猛犸象可能會帶來的不利影響，故選D項。10．WhatInsungHwangsaidsuggestedthat________.A．mammothcloninghasalongwaytogoB．themammothdiedoutearlierthanpeoplesupposedC．itisimpossibletofindthemammoth'scompleteDNAD．humanbeingscausedthedisappearanceofthemammothⅡ.閱讀七選五AdviceonbusinesscommunicationInthe21stcentury,moreandmorebusinessisinte