美加留學直通車托福寫作講義

/新托福寫作25分必備的100個意群詞匯持某觀點:claim(contendreckonsharethebeliefthat)支持某觀點:advocate(maintainvoteforsidewithbeinfavorof)反對某觀點:contradict(criticizebeagainstcastdoubtson)合理的：justified(sensiblefeasibleconvincingholdwaterbearmuchanalysis)好處：advantage(benefit,merit,positiveside)弊端：disadvantage(defect,demerit,negativeside)肯定：undoubtedly(indeedundeniablythereisnodenyingthat)不確定：belikelyto(potentiallypresumably)重要的：essential(significant,vital,crucial,critical,fundamental,indispensable)有益的：beneficial（conduciveinstrumental）有害的：detrimental（harmfulvirulent）有爭議的：controversial(disputable,contentious)普遍的：widespread(prevalent,universal)顯著地：considerably(significantly,remarkably,dramatically,tremendously,substantially)明顯的：evident(apparent,manifest)增強：enhance(strengthenintensify)減少：decline(descend,collapse,relieve)大約：approximately（nearly,around,estimated,roughly）趨勢：trend（tendency,inclination）預(yù)見：predict（expect,project）帶來bringabout(resultin,leadto)引起create（spark;yield;;giveriseto）建立establish（found,institute）要求callfor（request，demand）去除eliminate（remove,eradicate）探討explore(examine,identify)描繪depict(portray,illustrate)后果consequence(aftermath;outcome)足夠adequate（enough;sufficient）解決tackle(resolve,address)意識awareness(consciousness)控制curb(regulate,censor)解釋：accountfor（beresponsiblefor）投資finance(investin,subsidize)緩解relieve(ease,alleviate)壓力stress(pressure,strain)和諧harmony(concordance)繼承inherit(handdown)培養(yǎng)cultivate（train,foster）促進promote(contributeto,upgrade)適應(yīng)adaptto(adjustto,acclimateto)提供provide(render,afford)替代replace(substitute,taketheplaceof)保護preserve(protect)證據(jù)evidence(proof)贏得gain(acquire,attain)國外的foreign(alien,exotic)災(zāi)難disaster(misfortune,catastrophe)發(fā)展advance(progress)傾向于tendto(beinclinedto,beaptto)吸引attract(allure,tempt)專注的beabsorbedin(beimmersedin,devoteoneselfto)目的是aimat(Thepurposeis)實現(xiàn)achieve(fulfill,implement)危害endanger(threaten;jeopardize)損害undermine(impair,damage)阻礙hinder(obstruct,impede)禁止forbid(ban,prohibit)責備blame(denounce,criticize)污染pollute(contaminate,stain)腐蝕erode(wearaway,corrode)欺騙deceive(cheat,defraud)沖突conflict(shock,tension)驅(qū)使prompt(spur,incite)貪婪的acquisitive(money-oriented，materialistic)自私的self-centered(selfish,inconsiderate)體諒的considerate(understanding,sympathetic)冷漠的indifferent(apathetic,aloof)奢侈的wasteful(luxurious,extravagant)殘忍的inhumane(brutal,barbaric)絕望的hopeless（despairing,desperate）過分的excessive(extravagant,exorbitant)激烈的intense(fierce,vigorous)嚴厲的stringent(rigorous,rigid)奇怪的eccentric(odd,peculiar)難以置信的unbelievable(incredulous,virtual)驚人的extraordinary(marvelous,spectacular)有抱負的ambitious（aggressive,aspirant）固有的inherent（nature,innate）穩(wěn)定的steady(stable,constant)惡化worsen(aggravate,deteriorate)夸大exaggerate(overstate)限制restrain(constrain,confine)拆除teardown（knockdown,pulldown）加速accelerate(speedup,precipitate)占優(yōu)勢predominate(dominate)分辨distinguish(differentiate,discern)抵消counteract(offset,cancelout)開展launch(conduct,carryout)頒布enact(enforce,promulgate)生活節(jié)奏paceoflife(rhythmoflife,tempooflife)影響influence(effect,impact)差異difference(distinction,gap)交流communicate(exchange,associate)接觸haveaccessto（makecontactwith,keepintouchwith）優(yōu)先givepriorityto(put…intofirstplace)節(jié)約economize(conserve,cherish)參與participatein(takepartin,engagein)措施measure(step,action)注意beware(prevent,guardagainst)四、“十大句式”的應(yīng)用(一)、否定句1、Insteadofindulginginplayingcomputergames,childrenshouldbetaughthowtobenefitfromusefulinformationontheinternet.應(yīng)該教孩子們?nèi)绾螐幕ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)獲取有益的信息，而不是沉溺于玩電腦游戲。2、Onnoaccount(Undernocircumstances)canweignoretheimmensevalueofknowledge.我們絕不能忽視知識的巨大價值。3、Collegestudentstakepart-timejobsnotformoremoneybutforabetterunderstandingofsocieties.

大學生參加兼職工作不是為了賺更多錢，而是為了更好地了解社會。4、One’ssalarydoesnotdependsomuchonhiseducationalbackgroundasonhisabilityandcontributiontothesociety.

一個人的工資與其說取決于他的教育背景倒不如說取決于他的能力和對社會的貢獻。5、Intermsofnutrition,fastfoodisfarfromsatisfactory.從營養(yǎng)角度來說，快餐遠非令人滿意。6、Parentswouldnotexpecttheirchildrentobecomeusefulpersonswithoutworkinghard.父母們不能指望孩子們不經(jīng)過刻苦努力就可以成才。(二)、非限制性定語從句1、Undoubtedly,practicalcoursescanbeusedtothereality,whichisofvitalimportancetotheirdevelopmentinthefuture.毫無疑問，實用性課程可以用于實際中，這對于他們未來發(fā)展是非常重要的。2、Childrentendtoimitatewhattheyhaveseenandheardonmassmedia,whichissometimesdangerousandharmful.孩子們傾向于模仿大眾媒體上的所見所聞，這在有時是危險和有害的。3、Themajorityofstudentsbelievethatpart-timejobswillprovidethemwithmoreopportunitiestodeveloptheirinterpersonalskills,whichmayputtheminafavorablepositioninthefuturejobmarkets.大部分學生相信業(yè)余工作會使他們有更多機會發(fā)展人際交往能力,這對他們未來找工作是非常有好處的.(三)、讓步句1、Thisviewiswidelyacknowledged；however，thereislittleevidencethatsmokingisbeneficialto

people’s

health.這個觀點被廣泛認可，然而，幾乎沒有證據(jù)表明吸煙對人們健康有利。2、Although(While)thecomputerhasbeenwidelyusedinclass,itcannotreplacetheroleofteachers.盡管計算機已經(jīng)廣泛用于課堂，但是它不能取代教師的作用。3、Reasonableastheopinionsounds,itcannotbearmuchanalysis.雖然這個觀點聽起來有道理，但是它經(jīng)不住分析4、Inspiteofalotofconveniencesthatcarsbringtopeople’slife,theycancreateaseriesofseriousproblems.

盡管汽車給人們的生活帶來了許多便利，但是也產(chǎn)生了一系列嚴重的問題。(四)、It引導的句子1、Itishardtoimaginewhatourlifewouldlooklikewithoutcomputersinmodernsociety.很難想象如果現(xiàn)代社會沒有了計算機，我們的生活會變成什么樣子。2、Itisconceivablethatbeingphysicallyactivedoesgoodtohealth.可想而知，積極參加體育活動有利于身體健康。3、Itisahighlycontroversialissuewhetherwomenshouldjointhearmedforcesornot.女性是否應(yīng)該參軍是一個非常有爭議的問題。4、Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatwaterandairareindispensabletohumanbeings.

人們普遍認為，水和空氣對人類不可缺少。5、Itisessentialthatendangeredspeciesofanimals

beprotectedagainstbeingkilled.保護瀕危的動物物種免遭殘殺是必需的。6、Itishightimethatthegovernmenttookeffectivemeasurestoresolvetheseproblems.該是政府采取有效措施來解決這些問題的時候了7、Ithasbeenmadeeasierformodernpeopletocommunicatewitheachotherbytheinternetinafewseconds.現(xiàn)代人很容易通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在幾秒鐘內(nèi)就取得了解。8、Itisworthcaringaboutthewayachildbehaves.關(guān)心孩子們的行為方式是值得的。9、Itisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.覆水難收。10、Ithasbeenafewdecadessincethecomputercameintobeing.自從計算機問世以來已經(jīng)有幾十年的時間了。(五)、假設(shè)句1、Ifwedestroyoldbuildings,thenwewillruinthetraditionalcultureandheritage.如果我們推倒老房子，就要破壞傳統(tǒng)的文化和遺產(chǎn)。2、Youwouldmissthechancetointeractwithotherstudentsifyouusedinternetathome.假如你在家上網(wǎng)，你就會失去與其他同學交流的機會。3、Onceyouchangeyourpresentjob,youwillbefacedwiththedangerofbeingunemployed.一旦你變換了現(xiàn)在的工作，就面臨著失業(yè)的危險。(六)、倒裝句1、Onlyinthiswaycantheproblembetackledproperly.只有這樣才能妥善地解決這個問題。2、Onlywhenchildrentakearduouseffortscantheybecomesuccessful.只有當孩子們付出艱苦的努力他們才能獲得成功。3、Notonlydoesstudyinginschoolserveacademicpurpose,butstudentslearnhowtohandleinterpersonalrelations.在校學習不僅為了學術(shù)目的，而且還可以學會如何處理人際關(guān)系。4、Undernocircumstancesshouldyoungstersfollownegativeinformationonmassmediablindly.青少年決不應(yīng)當盲從大眾媒體上的不良信息。5、Sovaluableiswaterthatwecannotaffordtowasteit.時間是如此珍貴，我們經(jīng)不起浪費它。6、Nowadays,mostdangerousforyoungstersisthetendencytoindulgeinplayingPCgames.如今對青少年最為危險的事情是傾向于過多地玩電腦游戲。(七)、強調(diào)句1、Itisforthebenefitofmaintainingtheecologicalbalancethathumanbeingsoughttoprotecttheendangeredanimalspecies.正是為了維持生態(tài)平衡，人類才應(yīng)該保護地球上瀕危的動物物種。2、ItisnotuntilpeoplesufferfromsomefataldiseasessuchasSARSandAIDSthattheyarebecomingawareofhowsignificantitisforthegovernmenttoinvestmoremoneyinmedicalcare.直到人們患了像非典和愛滋病這樣致命的疾病時，才意識到政府把更多的錢投入到醫(yī)療上的重要性。3、Nothingintheworldismorevaluablethanhealth.(八)、比較句1、Studiesshowthatjuveniledelinquencyratesaretwiceashighforyoungstersfromsingle-parentfamiliesasforthoseintraditionalhouseholds.（同級比較）研究表明來自單親家庭的青少年犯罪率是來自傳統(tǒng)家庭的兩倍。2、Generallyspeaking,peopleinmoderntimesenjoylessleisuretimethantheydidpreviously.（比較級）一般說來，現(xiàn)代人比過去享有更少的休閑時間。3、Comparedwiththosewithdifferentabilities,childrenwithintelligencedomorewellintheirschoolworkandintelligencetests.與不同能力的孩子相比，聰明的孩子在學業(yè)和智力測驗方面表現(xiàn)更加突出。4、Contrarytopopstars,otherprofessionalslikedoctorsandteacherscreatethetruevaluefortheirsociety.與明星不同，其他專業(yè)人員如醫(yī)生和教師為社會創(chuàng)造了真正的價值。5、Airistohumanwhat(as)wateristofish.空氣對人類就如同水對魚一樣。(九)、插入語1、Computers,mostimportantofall,createwidecommunicationaroundtheworld.最重要的是，計算機在世界范圍內(nèi)建立了廣泛的交流。2、Providingmoreparkingareas,inthelongrun,hasprovedtobeapracticalwayoutinmanylargecitiesintheworld.從長遠的利益來看，提供更多的停車位證明是許多世界大城市切實可行的出路。3、Observinglocalculture,consciouslyandunconsciously,canreducethechanceofoffendingthelocals,oritwillleadtotheembarrassmentandevenconflict.無論是否意識到，遵循當?shù)氐奈幕梢詼p少冒犯當?shù)厝说臋C會，否則，就會導致尷尬甚至沖突。4、Spaceexploration,somepeoplebelieve,willbringsomeunexpecteddiscoveries.有人相信空間探索將會帶來意想不到的發(fā)現(xiàn)。(十)、原因句1、Violentfilmscandoharmtoyoungpeople,becausetheycontainsnumerousnegativeinformation.暴力影片對年輕人是有害的，因為其中包含大量負面信息。2、Humanbeingsarechieflyresponsibleforwildanimalextinction.

野生動物滅絕的主要責任在人類。3、Weshouldattribute(ascribe)medicaladvancestotheanimalswhichdosubstantialcontributionstotheexperiment.我們應(yīng)該把醫(yī)學的發(fā)展歸因于動物對實驗做出的巨大貢獻。4、Becauseofoverpopulation,watershortagehasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblems.由于人口過剩，水短缺已經(jīng)成為一個最嚴重的問題。5、Owingtothefiercecompetitionintoday’sworld,agreatmanyyoungpeoplefindthemselvesundergreatpressure.由于當今世界的激烈競爭，大量的年輕人承受巨大的壓力。六、英語句子成分1.主語（名詞，代詞，不定式，動名詞，句子）

2.謂語（動詞或動詞短語）

3.賓語（名詞，代詞，不定式，動名詞，句子。跟不定式作賓語的常見動詞：wantagreehopeplandecideofferpreferwishintendfaildesirerefuseaffordchoosemanageexpectaimpromiseconsentpretendneglectignoreomithappendeterminedemandthreatenresolvedeclineproposeundertakevolunteer。跟動名詞作賓語的常見動詞：finishenjoymindkeepstopdislikeconsidersuggestmissavoidregretadmitacknowledgedelaypracticedenyimaginepostponeriskadvocaterecallresistappreciatecannothelpconfessescapefancydeferresentevadecontemplateforgive

permitdetestrepent。跟雙賓語的常見動詞：asksentshowteachgivebringbuyfindgetkeeplendtellwritewishofferdeprive4.表語（名詞，形容詞:某些形容詞，如careless,absurd,brave,courageous,careful,careless,clever,wise,foolish,silly,stupid,good,nice,kindthoughtful,inconsiderate,greedy,money-orientedacquisitivematerialisticgenerous,honest,modest,polite,rude,cruel,selfish,self-centeredegocentricwicked,wrong等不定式后可以加of來引導出其邏輯主語。代詞，數(shù)詞，不定式，動名詞，分詞，介詞短語，句子）5.定語（形容詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，不定式，名詞，動名詞，分詞，介詞短語，句子）____,which1.isbeneficialtoadjustingto2.isdetrimental(hazardous)to3.means(isequivalentto)

6.狀語（副詞，形容詞短語,不定式，分詞，介詞短語，名詞，句子）7.補語（形容詞，名詞，不定式：下面的動詞要求不定式做賓補：動詞+賓語+動詞不定式askget

prompt

allow

forbid

prefer

announce

forcepressinspire

requireassist

hate

pronounce

advise

recommend

bear

imploreremindbeginducereport

compel

invite

commandintend

show

drive

mean

train

causeinstructdeserve

leave

tell

directtempt

entitle

order

warn

enable

need

urge

encourage

obligecondemn

teach

entreat

permit

wish，分詞，介詞短語）

8.同位語（名詞，不定式，動名詞,句子，后跟同位語從句的常見詞factnewsquestionproposalreportaltitude（latitudelongitudeevidenceproofsuggestionrequestideaconclusionthoughtnotionvaluefictionfear）9.插入語（不定式，分詞，介詞短語，句子）六、典型句式1）

it引導的句子

1.Itishardtoimaginewhat_____wouldlooklikewithout____.很難想象如果_____沒有了_____，_____會變成什么樣子。Residentsinthedisastersimmediateprompt很難想象如果現(xiàn)代社會沒有了計算機，我們的生活會變成什么樣子。

Itistruethat____;however,____.確實____，但是____。確實，年輕人在現(xiàn)代社會中會遇到極具挑戰(zhàn)性的困難，但是他們會想盡一切辦法去克服。______

2.Ithasbeenmadeeasier(possible)forsomebodytodo.某人很容易做某事現(xiàn)代人很容易通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在幾秒鐘內(nèi)就取得了解。____________________________________醫(yī)學的發(fā)展使得人們有可能比過去活得長多了。_____________________________________

3.Ittakestimeforsomebodytodosomething做某事需要多少時間對許多人來說，要適應(yīng)工作上的較大變動，可能需要很長一段時間。4.Itis+形容詞，名詞+that(whether)主語從句Itisevident(anundeniablefact)thatthewideuse(popularity)ofcomputerscanmakelivesofmodernpeopleconvenient.Itisunconceivablethat_____insteadofshifting(switching)itjob-hopping.

可想而知(無可爭辯)，____?？上攵?，積極參加體育活動有利于身體健康。Itisconceivablethattakinganactivepartinphysicalexercises(beingphysicallyactive)isofbenefittohealth.

無可爭辯,現(xiàn)在有成千上萬的人仍過著挨餓受冬的痛苦生活。leadamiserablelifeofstarvationandexposuretothecold.Itisacontroversialissuewhetherwemakefriendswiththesameideasorwiththeopposite(opposing)ones.是否____，這是一個有爭議的問題。女性是否應(yīng)該參軍，這是一個有極大爭議的問題。

Itisahighlycontroversialissuewhetherwomenshouldjointhearmedforcesornot.Isitablessingoracursewhether____ornot?

Itgoeswithoutsayingthat____.毫無疑問,____.

毫無疑問，教育在人的一生中扮演一個重要的角色。_________________________________毫無疑問，科技的巨大進步為人類帶來了許多好處。_________________________________

Itisunderstandable(inevitable)thatpeople’sattitudesaredivergentonthiscontroversialissue.

5.Itis+副詞(commonly,widely,generally,universally)+過去分詞(said,known,believed,held,argued,noted,estimated,accepted,recognized，acknowledged)+that____;however,____.全世界都知道水對人類是不可缺少的。Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat____field(sector,walk,arenacircle);however,theycreate(yield)adverseimpactsonpsychologicalwholesomeofchildren.

Itislargely(natural)takenforgrantedthat____.____是理所當然的。計算機在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪邪l(fā)揮著重要作用是理所當然的。

Ithaslongbeenconsideredonlyrightandproper(perfectlyjustified)to____.

長期以來，____被視為____是理所應(yīng)該的（完全合理的）。上一代為下一代的成長承擔完全的責任，長期以來被視為是理所應(yīng)該的。

Itcannotbedeniedthattheovergrowthoftourismmaydestroytheecologicalbalanceofsomescenicresorts.

Itisestimatedthattwothirdsofthecitiesofourcountrieswillbeinacuteshortageoffreshwaterby2010.6.Itis+表示建議，命令的形容詞(necessary,essential,imperative,advisable,desirable)+that+(should)+動詞原形采取緊急措施與青少年非法吸毒作斗爭非常必要。

Itisimperativethatsomethingurgentbedonetocombatthewidespreaduseofillegal(unlawfulillicitillegitimate)drugsamongteenagers(adolescents,youngsters,juveniles).

(1)Itis+somebody(something)+who(that).

人類正是為了維持生態(tài)平衡，才應(yīng)該保護地球上瀕危的動物物種免遭殘殺。_______________

(2)Itisnotuntil____that____.直到____才____直到人們患了像非典和愛滋病這樣致命的疾病時，才意識到政府把更多的錢投入到醫(yī)療上的重要性。7.Itisnogood(use,awasteoftime,sense)doing.覆水難收。________________________

Itisnogoodblinkingthefactthat不能無視

_____的事實.8．Itishigh(about)timethat____.該是____的時候了。9.Ithasbeen____since(before)____.自從____來已經(jīng)有____時間了。自從計算機進入家庭以來已經(jīng)有二十幾年的時間了。__________________________________10.Itisworthdoingsomething=Itisworthwhiletodo=Itisworthyofbeingdone=Itpaystodo________是值得的。____是劃算的。有理由關(guān)心孩子的行為方式。2）Oneof句型Oneofthemost+形容詞（形容詞的最高級）+problems(issues,topics)facing(confronting)____todayisthat____.目前____所面臨的最____的一個問題就是____。Thesymbolicmeaningconveyedby___is____.如今年輕人所面臨的最主要的一個問題就是就業(yè)壓力越來越大。________________________當前大學畢業(yè)生面臨的一個最緊迫問題就是如何找到理想的工作。_______________________困擾著世界上許多國家的一個最嚴重的問題就是水資源缺乏。__________________________一個越來越引人關(guān)注的普遍問題是，______是否明智。日益升高的青少年犯罪率已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代社會的一個最大的問題。_________________________

3）when引導的句型1.Whenitcomesto(askedabout)____,themajorityofpeople(thepublic)maintain(contend,contradict)that____.說到____,大多數(shù)人（公眾）堅持認為（爭辯說）____.當談到大學生是否從事一些有償勞動時，有人反對說這樣會給他們的學習帶來負面影響。說到___問題，人們對此的態(tài)度因人而異。2.Whenwe____,ourattentionisalwaysattractedby____.當我們做____的時侯，____總是引起我們的注意。當我們讀報紙或看電視的時侯，年輕人日益增高的失業(yè)率總是引起我們的注意。

3.IamalwayssurprisedwhenIhearpeoplesayingthat____.

每當我聽人們說____時，我總是感到很吃驚。

每當我聽人們說即使明牌大學的畢業(yè)生也很難找到滿意的工作時，我總是感到很吃驚。________

4）Whether引導的句型

Whether____ornothasbecomeacontroversialissue.是否____已成為一個有爭議的問題。Avigorousdebateovertheissuewhether____ornothasintriguedthepublic.關(guān)于是否____問題的激烈討論引起了公眾的興趣。celebrities關(guān)于教師是否在教育領(lǐng)域不再起重要作用的問題的激烈討論引起了公眾的興趣。____________關(guān)于游客應(yīng)該吸收東道主國家的文化還是東道主接受外來的文化，這一問題的激烈爭議引起了公眾的興趣。__________________________________________________________________

Whether_____hastriggeredmoreheateddiscussionthaneverbefore.

Thepracticeof____makespeopledoubtwhether_____isworthwhile.

Theissueofwhether____ornothasbeenwidelydebatedin____nowadays.現(xiàn)在，就是否____的問題在____展開了廣泛的討論?，F(xiàn)在，就政府該不該投資藝術(shù)的問題在社會展開了廣泛的討論。subsidize_________________________5）否定詞+比較級=最高級

1.Nothingintheworldismoreimportant(valuable)than____.世界上沒有比____更重要的了。Nothingismoreimportantthanlivinginasocietywhereordinarypeoplecanenjoytheconveniencesbroughtbyscienceandtechnology.沒有一項發(fā)明象計算機同時受到如此多的贊揚和批評.________________________________恐怕沒有什么東西對人類的日常生活影響能超過計算機。_____________________________

Probablynothinghasmoreeffectonthedailylivesofhumanbeingsthandocomputers.Thereisnobetterwaytokeephealthythandoingpropersportsdaily.ThereisnobetterotherwaytolearnEnglishthanlivinginacountrywhereitisspoken.

2．Nowhereintheworldhastheissueof____beensomuchdebatedasinoursociety.

世界上沒有什么地方比我們社會對____問題爭辯得如此激烈。3．Neverbeforeinhistoryhastheissueof____beenmoreevident（visible）thannowadays.

____問題從來沒有比現(xiàn)在表現(xiàn)得更明顯。對待動物的問題從來沒有比現(xiàn)在表現(xiàn)得更明顯。_____________________________________6)therebe引導的句子Thereisnodoing=Itisimpossibletodo=Noonecan無法，不能Thereisnodenying(doubt)that+句子

毫無疑問,_____.毫無疑問,我們的教育制度令人不滿意。_______________不可否認，我們的生活質(zhì)量越來越好。___________________________________________________Thereisno(use,good,need,point,hurry,harm)indoing

做某事是（無用的，不必要的，不急的，無妨的）Thereisaheateddebateastowhetheraperson’ssocialstatusisawardedonbasisofhiswealthorhistalent即使計算機已經(jīng)應(yīng)用于教育，還是需要學生在老師的指導下進行學習。________________________恐怕沒有人不渴望事業(yè)成功的。______________________________________________________Thereisagrowing(increasing)numberofpeoplewhoholdthat____.Nowadays,thereisanever-growingtendencyforsomebodytodoThereisaheated(hot,vigorous,robust,much,general，growing)argument(discussion,debate,disagreement,controversy,skepticism)nowadaysamongpeopleasto(over,concerning,regarding)theissue(phenomenon)ofwhether____ornot.Thereisnoconsensusofopinionsamongpeopleastotheissueof____.這兩種觀點可能都有些道理。__________Thereisacertaininevitabilitythatscienceandtechnologywillprogressrapidly.7)倒裝句1.

Onlywhen(if,inthisway,bythismeans)+can+主語只有這樣才能正確地解決這個問題。___________________________只有在個人，國家和國際組織的共同努力下，環(huán)境問題才能得到有效地解決。___________________Onlywhenchildrenmakefulluseoftheirinnate(inborn,inherentcongenital)resourcesandtakearduousefforts(makepainstakingendeavors),cantheybecomethebiggestsuccesses.2.形容詞（副詞，動詞，介詞短語）as+主語+動詞雖然我們的國家富有，我們的生活質(zhì)量絕對令人不滿意。___________________________________3.表語（形容詞，副詞，介詞短語，分詞）+主語+系詞Ofcrucialimportancelearningtocompeteandcooperateisbecominginmodernsociety.知足者常樂.___________.如今對青少年最為危險的事情是傾向于過多地玩電腦游戲。____________4.Notonlydocarspollute-butendanger.5.So_precious___that

So+形容詞+be+主詞+that+句子時間是如此珍貴，我們經(jīng)不起浪費它。_____Sopollutedwithpoisonouschemicalshastheairbeenthatwehardlybreatheit.現(xiàn)代人為緊張的工作所累，幾乎沒有時間品嘗人生。______________________________________8）否定句.notsomuch____as——與其____不如一個人的工資取決于他的能力和對社會的貢獻而不是他的教育背景。____________________________________________________________________大學生參加兼職工作不是為錢，而是為更好地了解社會。_____________________________________Not____without不____就不，沒有____就沒有Cannot____without=cannot____but

每次____總會父母們不能指望孩子們不經(jīng)過刻苦努力就可以成才。______________________________________既然人類是雜食動物，所以不能離開肉類而生存。_________________________________________我們可以在沒有商業(yè)廣告的情況下生活，但我們不能夠沒有信息而生存。_______________________Wecanlivewithoutthepresenceoftheadvertising,butwecannotsurvivewithoutinformation.Onnoaccount(bynomeans,innoway,undernocircumstances)canwe+V____（我們絕對不能...）我們絕對不能忽略知識的巨大價值。_________________________________________.befarfromsatisfactory遠不如人意。介詞against,beyond,but,except,without,...形容詞和動詞absent,deny,differ,different,fail,free,neglect,ignore,miss,refuse,thelast,usedto,reluctant,lack,want,bedevoidof,farfrom短語keep...from,protect...from,prevent...from,letalone,atseaaloss,invain,insteadof,out

ofthequestion,ratherthan,too...to,bynomeansTheproblemof____shouldbetakenintoaccountnow.____問題現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該被考慮在內(nèi)了。大城市的交通阻塞問題現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該被考慮在內(nèi)了。_________________________________________應(yīng)該教會孩子學會競爭與合作。___________________________________________________canbeviewed(seen,regarded)as可以看作是____.大學畢業(yè)生的高薪可以看作是他們多年刻苦努力的一種回報。Highsalariesofcelebritiescanberegardedasarewardofmanyyears’greatefforts.應(yīng)該采取適當?shù)拇胧┫拗仆鈬糜握叩臄?shù)量,努力保護當?shù)丨h(huán)境和歷史不受國際旅游業(yè)的不利影響.10)虛擬句Itishardtoimaginewhatourworldwouldbelikewithoutanimals.有人提出廣告對年輕人產(chǎn)生了不良影響，因此必須要禁止。_____________________________________________________heritage我建議政府應(yīng)該保護古老建筑以繼承文化遺產(chǎn)和傳統(tǒng)價值。___________________________________11)強調(diào)句正是激烈的社會竟才迫使現(xiàn)代人不斷地努力工作._________________________________12)插入語常用的表達forexample,inmyopinion,asfarasIamconcerned,however,inmostcases,tosomeextent,inthelongrun,believeditornot,tobehonest,totellthetruth,toputitinanotherway,generally(broadly)speaking，whatismoreimportant,ifso,mostimportantofall,

tomakethingsworse,worsestill,strangetosay,inotherwords,onbalance,anewstudyshows,itseems,somepeoplebelieve,amongotherthings,toone’ssurprise最重要的是，計算機在世界范圍內(nèi)建立了廣泛的交流。_________________________________After-hoursstudy,ifproperlymanaged,holdsthekeytosuccessinthe21stcentury.Observinglocalculturecanreducethechanceofoffendingthelocalsandmisunderstanding,consciouslyandunconsciously,oritwillleadtotheembarrassmentandevenconflict.有人相信空間探索將會帶來意想不到的發(fā)現(xiàn)。_________________________________________現(xiàn)代婦女無論從家庭還是社會方面上講都做出了巨大的貢獻。_____________________________Providingmoreparkingareas,inthelongrun,hasprovedtobeapracticalwayoutinmanylargecitiesintheworld.無論相信還是不相信，如今青少年犯罪率在許多國家呈上升趨勢.________________________七、句子類型1.

簡單句私家車越少就意味著交通堵塞越少。_________________________________________Theexhaustgasandirritatingnoiseimpairpeople’shealthgreatly.Today'sparentsspendtoolittletimestayingwiththeirchildrenandusetelevisiontomaketheirchildrenkeepquiet.Nowadays,anincreasingnumberofpeopledonotweartheirnationalclothes,thusforgettingtheircultureandtheirhistory.2.并列句（平行結(jié)構(gòu)）Somepeopleliveinonecommunityalltheirlives,whileothersmovearoundalmostasmuchasnomads.Bothoftouristsandhostsshouldrespectreciprocal(mutual)customsandculture..Aperson'slivingenvironmentcangreatlyaffectbothhisphysicalandmentalhealth.Paid-workhelpsastudenttodevelopgreaterindependence,andearninghisownpocketmoneycanteachhimhowtohandlehisfinan