高中英語Unit4Breakingboundaries突破語法大沖關(guān)外研版

Unit4Breakingboundariesit作形式主語[察看例句]1．ItisdifficultforaforeignertolearnChinese.2．It'skindofyoutohelpme.3．Itisnousetalkingtohimaboutit.4．Itisamysterytomehowitallhappened.5．Itisbelievedthatthefloodthereisthebiggestin100years.[概括用法]it作形式主語時(shí)沒有詳細(xì)的意義，不過幫助把真實(shí)的主語移到句子后邊去，使句子顯得均衡。it作形式主語時(shí)，真實(shí)的主語往常是不定式短語、-ing短語或主語從句。一、不定式短語作真實(shí)的主語，常用于以下句型中：It

＋

be

＋形容詞

＋

(for/ofsb.)todosth.It

＋be

＋名詞＋

todosth.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.

干花了某人時(shí)間It'suptosb.todosth.干是某人的職責(zé)或義務(wù)Itiseveryone'sdutytoobeythelaw.恪守紀(jì)律是每一個(gè)人的義務(wù)。Ittookthemayeartobuildthebridge.建這座橋花了他們一年的時(shí)間。Itisbadmannerstostareatpeople.盯著人看是不禮貌的。Itisuptoustohelpthoseinneed.幫助那些有困難的人是我們的責(zé)任。[名師點(diǎn)津

]在“It＋

be＋形容詞＋for/ofsb.to

dosth.

”句型中，假如形容詞描繪的是

sb.，則應(yīng)用介詞of；假如描繪的是

todosth.

就用

for

。It'snecessaryforustouseashort

-waveradiotopickuptheprogrammes.我們用一臺(tái)短波收音機(jī)收聽這些節(jié)目是必需的。It'simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.學(xué)好英語對(duì)我們來說是重要的。Itwasfoolishofhimtogiveupthejob.(＝Hewasfoolishtogiveupthejob.)他放棄那工作是愚笨的[即學(xué)即練1]用所給詞的適合形式填空Itisnotuptoyoutotell(tell)mehowtodomyjob.Itisnotrighttouse(use)theseplacesasrubbishdumps.Itwasniceofthemtoinvite(invite)us.二、-ing

短語作真實(shí)主語的狀況遠(yuǎn)不及不定式短語那么廣泛，

常限于nogood,nouse,useless,waste

等詞的后邊。Itisnogood/usehavingacarifyoucan'tdrive.有車假如不會(huì)開是沒實(shí)用途的。ItisawasteoftimewatchingTV.看電視是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的。Itisnouseaskinghim.問他沒實(shí)用。[即學(xué)即練2]用所給詞的適合形式填空①It'snogoodtaking(take)overtheexperienceofforeigncountriesuncritically.It'snousecrying(cry)overspiltmilk.Itisworthmaking(make)anappointmentbeforeyougo.三、用it作形式主語，主語從句作真實(shí)主語的常有句型有：1．Itisapity/ashame/afact/anhonour/goodnews/nowonder/awonder...that...Itwasapitythattheengineercouldn'tcome.惋惜工程師沒能來。Itisawonderthathecontinuestogamblewhenhealwaysloses!令人吃驚的是他向來輸還向來賭。(Itis)nowonder(that)youwerelate!難怪你來晚了！Itisashamethattherainspoiledourpicnic.真惋惜，這場(chǎng)雨把我們的野餐給攪了。ItisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasinternationallanguage.英語被以為是國(guó)際語言，這是一個(gè)事實(shí)。2．Itwonderful/

is＋形容詞(如：strange/natural/funny/possible/impossible/likely/

surprising/unlikely/

obvious/clear/

true/fortunate/unusual/certain/important...)＋that...Itiscertainthathewillwin.他必定會(huì)取勝。Itisimportantthatweshouldlearnfromeachotherandhelpeachother.我們應(yīng)該相互學(xué)習(xí)，相互幫助，這是很重要的。Itwasobviousthatthechildhadbeenbadlytreated.Itislikelythathewillringmetonight.

很明顯那個(gè)孩子受過凌虐。他今夜可能給我打電話。Itisdoubtfulwhethershewillbeabletocome.她可否來還很難說。3．Itseems/happened/turnedout/

suddenly

struck

me/occurred

to

me...that

...IthappenedthatIwasn'ttherethatday.恰巧那一天我不在那邊。Itseemsthathisideaismorepractical.看起來他的建議更實(shí)質(zhì)一些。4．It

＋

be

＋過去分詞

(如：

said/reported/announced/decided/expected/hoped/known/believed...)

＋that...Itishopedthatthenumberofdeerwillgreatlyincreaseverysoon.(hopethatthenumberofdeerwillgreatlyincreaseverysoon.)

＝People人們希望鹿的數(shù)量會(huì)很快增添。Itisreportedthatmorethantwentypeoplewerekilledinthatbusaccident.據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)在那次的公共汽車事故中有二十多人喪生。[即學(xué)即練3]用適合的代詞填空Itisknownthatheisoneofthebestteachersinourschool.ItsuddenlyoccurredtomethatIknewhowtosolvethatproblem.Itisstrangethatheshouldhaveleftwithouttellingus.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Itisverykindofyoutogive(give)meahandintime.2．Itisstillamysterywhatcausedtheaccident.3．Itisnecessarythatone(should)master(master)theskillsofoperatingcomputer.4．ItisknowntoallthatthegunpowderwasfirstinventedbytheChinese.5．Itseemedcertainthathewillwintheprize.Ⅱ.短文語法填空remember(remember)newwordsfirst.Itriedeverymeans,butitnouse3.reciting(recite)themoverandoveragain.Itwasverykindofyou4.tooffer(offer)mesomesuggestions.Itisnecessary5.tounderstand(understand)itsmeaninginsen