環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程專業(yè)英語詞匯必備

環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程專業(yè)詞匯包括環(huán)境學(xué)總論、環(huán)境地學(xué)、環(huán)境生物學(xué)、環(huán)境化學(xué)、環(huán)境物理學(xué)、環(huán)境工程學(xué)、環(huán)境醫(yī)學(xué)、環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、環(huán)境管理學(xué)、環(huán)境法學(xué)、環(huán)境教育等11大類。環(huán)境學(xué)總論原生環(huán)境primaryenvironment次生環(huán)境secondaryenvironment生態(tài)示范區(qū)ecologicaldemonstratearea環(huán)境地質(zhì)學(xué)environmentalgeology環(huán)境地球化學(xué)environmentalgeo-chemistry環(huán)境土壤學(xué)environmentalsoilscience環(huán)境微生物學(xué)environmentalmicrobiology環(huán)境危機(jī)environmentalcrisis環(huán)境保護(hù)environmentalprotection環(huán)境預(yù)測environmentalforecasting環(huán)境自凈environmentalself-purification環(huán)境效應(yīng)environmentaleffect環(huán)境容量environmentalcapacity環(huán)境演化evolutionofenvironment環(huán)境舒適度environmentalcomfort環(huán)境背景值（本底值）environmentalbackgroundvalue環(huán)境保護(hù)產(chǎn)業(yè)（環(huán)境保護(hù)產(chǎn)業(yè)）environmentalproductionindustry環(huán)境壁壘（綠色壁壘）environmentalbarrier綠色革命greenrevolution可持續(xù)發(fā)展sustainabledevelopment第三類環(huán)境問題（社會環(huán)境問題）thethirdenvironmentalproblem懸浮物suspendedsolids一次污染物primarypollutant二次污染物secondarypollutant全球性污染globalpollution排污收費(fèi)pollutioncharge可更新資源renewableresources不可更新資源non-renewableresources自然保護(hù)區(qū)naturalreservearea防護(hù)林protectionforest公害publicnuisance礦山公害miningnuisance工業(yè)廢水industrialwastewater礦山廢水miningdrainage生活飲用水domesticpotablewater草原退化grasslanddegeneration沙漠化desertification人口壓力populationpressure人口凈增率rateofpopulation全球環(huán)境監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)globalenvironmentmonitoringsystemGEMS中國環(huán)境保護(hù)工作方針Chinesepolicyforenvironmentprotection“三同步”原則principleof“thethreeatthesametime”二噁英公害dioxinenuisance馬斯河谷煙霧事件disasterinMeuseValley多諾拉煙霧事件disasterinDonora倫敦?zé)熿F事件disasterinLondon水俁病事件minamatadiseaseincident骨痛病事件itai-itaidisasterincident洛杉磯光化學(xué)煙霧事件LosAngelesphotochemicalsmogepisode四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichiasthmaepisode米糠油事件Yushodiseaseincident環(huán)境地學(xué)水圈hydrosphere水循環(huán)watercirculation地面水（地表水）surfacewater水位waterlevel下滲（入滲）sinking蒸發(fā)evaporation最高水位highestwaterlevel最低水位lowestwaterlevel平均水位averagewaterlevel警戒水位warningwaterlevel流速flowvelocity流量discharge洪水期floodseason枯水期low-waterseason沖刷washout含水層aquifer隔水層（不透水層）aquiclude透水層permeablestratum層間水interlayerwater承壓水（有壓層間水）confinedwater或自流水a(chǎn)rtesianwater孔隙水voidwater巖溶水（喀斯特水）karstwater徑流runoffflow地表徑流runoff地下水groundwater流域保護(hù)waterbasinprotection淡水freshwater咸水saltwater降水precipitation沉淀降水量amountofprecipitation降水強(qiáng)度intensityofprecipitation水環(huán)境容量carryingcapacityofwaterenvironment水土流失（土壤侵蝕）soilandwaterloss點(diǎn)源污染pointsourcepollution面源污染non-pointsourcepollution擴(kuò)散diffusion渦流eddycurrent渦流擴(kuò)散eddydiffusion富營養(yǎng)化廢水eutrophicwaste-water污水sewage漫灌floodirritation水底沉積物（底質(zhì)或底泥）benthaldeposit總固體totalsolids懸浮固體suspendedsolids總?cè)芙夤腆wtotaldissolvedsolids河流復(fù)氧常數(shù)constantofriverreoxygenation湖泊酸化lakeacidification富營養(yǎng)化eutrophication富營養(yǎng)湖eutrophiclake中營養(yǎng)湖mesotrophiclake貧營養(yǎng)湖oligotrophiclake水庫reservoir海洋處置seadisposal海底采樣seafloorsample赤潮（紅潮）redtide海水淡化desalinationofseawater海底沉積物seabottomsediment海洋傾倒oceandumping水質(zhì)waterquality水資源綜合運(yùn)用waterresourceintegratedutilization水土保持soilandwaterconservation河道整改channelimprovement水污染毒性生物評價biologicalassessmentofwaterpollutiontoxicity水利工程hydro-engineering水體自凈self-purificationofwaterbody水環(huán)境保護(hù)功能區(qū)（水質(zhì)功能區(qū)）functionaldistrictofwaterenvironment土地處理系統(tǒng)landtreatmentsystem土地沙漠化landdesertification土壤肥力soilfertility土壤酸堿度soilacidityandalkalinity土壤污染防治preventionandtreatmentofsoilpollution土壤鹽漬化（土壤鹽堿化）soilsalination土壤酸化soilacidification母質(zhì)（土壤母質(zhì)或成土母質(zhì)）parentmaterial土壤剖面soilprofile腐殖質(zhì)化humification淋溶作用leaching土壤改良soilimprovement土壤粒級soilseparate土壤質(zhì)地soiltexture緩沖作用buffering/bufferaction緩沖劑bufferingagent/buffer緩沖容量buffercapacity鹽基飽和度basesaturationpercentage澆灌irrigation富里酸fuvicacid胡敏素humin土壤團(tuán)聚體soilaggregate土壤退化（土壤貧瘠化）soildegeneration土壤地帶性soilzonality污水澆灌wastewaterirrigation臭氧層ozonelayer降水precipitation降水量rainfall降水強(qiáng)度 precipitationintensity大氣環(huán)境容量atmosphericenvironmentalcapacity事后評價afterwardsassessment煙塵消除eliminationofsmokeanddust溫室效應(yīng)greenhouseeffect大氣擴(kuò)散atmosphericdiffusion煙羽（煙流或羽流）plume逆溫inversion環(huán)境生物學(xué)生境habitat耐受極限limitsoftolerance最小因子定律lawofminimum生物檢測bioassay環(huán)境脅迫environmentalstress生物多樣性bio-diversity生態(tài)位niche生命周期lifecycle生態(tài)型ecotype自養(yǎng)生物autotrophy異養(yǎng)生物heterotroph指數(shù)增長exponentialgrowth互利共生mutualism偏利共生commensalisms寄生parasitism衍生物derivative殺蟲劑insecticide殺菌劑fungicide除草劑herbicide防腐劑preservative殺鼠劑rodenticide無殘留農(nóng)藥non-persistentpesticide植物性農(nóng)藥phytopesticide污水澆灌sewageirrigation世界自然歷史遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)地worldnaturalandhistoricalheritagesite儲量stock過度捕捉over-hunting;over-fishing獵（漁）期openseason農(nóng)業(yè)殘?jiān)黙griculturaldregs赤潮redtide藻花algaebloom/水花waterbloom原生污染物primarypollutant次生污染物secondarypollutant急性毒性試驗(yàn)acutetoxicitytest慢性毒性試驗(yàn)chronictoxicitytest預(yù)備試驗(yàn)screeningtest;range-findingtest;preliminarytest稀釋dilution歸宿fate生物積累bioaccumulation生物濃縮bioconcentration生物放大biomagnification生物降解biologicaldegradation;biodegradation生物營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)bioticnutrient多污生物帶polysaprobiczone中污生物帶mesosaprobiczone寡污生物帶oligosaprobiczone敏感種sensitivespecies;intolerantorganism耐污種tolerantspecies生物濾池biologicalfilter凈化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purificationpond生物膜biomembrane;biologicalfilm輪作croprotation間作intercropping套種interplanting基塘模式farmlandandfishpondmodel防護(hù)林帶shelterbelt沼氣marshgas農(nóng)家肥farmmanure堆肥piledmanure都市熱島效應(yīng)urbanheatislandeffect都市生態(tài)規(guī)劃urbanecologicalplanning環(huán)境激素endocrinedisruptingchemicals;endocrinedisruptors邊緣效應(yīng)edgeeffect生態(tài)恢復(fù)ecologicalrestoration恢復(fù)生態(tài)學(xué)restorationecological環(huán)境化學(xué)甲基汞methylmercury鎘米cadmiumrice農(nóng)藥殘留pesticideresidue有機(jī)氯農(nóng)藥organochlorinepesticide有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥organophosphorouspesticide氨基甲酸酯殺蟲劑carbamateinsecticide擬除蟲菊酯殺蟲劑pyrethroidinsecticide植物生長調(diào)整劑growthregulator化學(xué)致癌物chemicalcarcinogen表面活性劑surfactant多氯聯(lián)苯類polychlorinatedbiphenyls;PCBs多環(huán)芳烴類polyaromtichydrocarbon;PAH催化（催化作用）catalysis臭氧化ozonization光化學(xué)氧化劑photochemicaloxidant過氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetylnitrate；PAN干沉降drydeposition濕沉降wetdeposition光化學(xué)煙霧photochemicalsmog大氣光化學(xué)atmosphericphotochemistry降水化學(xué)precipitationchemistry氣溶膠化學(xué)aerosolchemistry懸浮顆粒物suspendedparticulate總懸浮顆粒物totalsuspendedparticulates(TSP)飄塵（可吸入顆粒物或可吸入塵）airborneparticle降塵（落塵）dustfall；fallingdust氣溶膠aerosol水質(zhì)waterquality鹽度salinity氧化還原電位oxidation-reductionpotential；redoxpotential溶解氧dissolvedoxygen化學(xué)需氧量chemicaloxygendemand生化需氧量biochemicaloxygendemand總有機(jī)碳totalorganiccarbon溶解度solubility匯集aggregation絮凝flocculation凝聚coagulation離子互換ionexchange萃取extraction緩沖溶液buffersolution氧平衡模式（氧垂曲線）oxygenbalancemodel吸取劑(吸附劑)absorbent活性炭activecarbon氧化劑oxidant還原劑reductant膠團(tuán)micelle膠體溶液colloidalsolution脫硫劑desulfurizationagent電滲析electrodialysis萃取劑extractingagent過濾filter絮凝劑flocculant；flocculatingagent無機(jī)絮凝劑inorganicflocculant有機(jī)高分子絮凝劑organicpolymerflocculant中和法neutralization反滲透膜reverseosmosismembrane硅膠silicagel蒸汽蒸餾steamdistillation超濾膜ultrafiltermembrane敏捷度sensitivity精確度accuracy精密度precision可靠性reliability檢測限detectionlimit相對誤差relativeerror絕對誤差absoluteerror偶爾誤差accidentalerror平均偏差meandeviation采樣誤差samplingerror原則溶液standardsolution原則物質(zhì)standardsubstance容許誤差allowableerror容許濃度allowableconcentration微量分析microanalysis痕量分析traceanalysis現(xiàn)場分析in-situanalysis儀器分析instrumentalanalysis水質(zhì)分析waterqualityanalysis比色分析colorimetricanalysis沉降分析sedimentationanalysis自動分析automaticanalysis原子吸取分光光度法atomicabsorptionspectrophotometry原子吸取分光光度計(jì)atomicabsorptionspectrophotometer原子熒光光譜法atomicfluorescencespectrometry原子熒光光譜儀atomicfluorescencespectrometer電化學(xué)分析法electrochemicalmethod高效液相色譜法highperformanceliquidchromatography高效液相色譜儀highperformanceliquidchromatograph氣相色譜分析gaschromatography氣相色譜儀gaschromatograph采樣器sampler大氣采樣器airsampler底泥采樣器sedimentsamplerpH計(jì)pHmeter濕度計(jì)hygrometer固定大氣污染源stationarysourcesofairpollution移動大氣污染源mobilesourcesofairpollution固定式水污染源stationarysourcesofwaterpollution移動式水污染源mobilesourcesofwaterpollution污染負(fù)荷pollutionload污染源調(diào)查surveyofpollutionsources無污染工藝pollution-freetechnology無污染裝置 pollution-freeinstallation污染物總量控制totalamountcontrolofpollution水質(zhì)參數(shù)waterqualityparameter水溫watertemperature色度colorindex透明度transparency混濁度turbidity硬度hardness感官污染指標(biāo)sensuouspollutionindex毒理學(xué)污染指標(biāo)physicalpollutionindex化學(xué)污染指標(biāo)chemicalpollutionindex細(xì)菌學(xué)污染指標(biāo)bacteriologicalpollutionindex毒理學(xué)污染指標(biāo)toxicologicalpollutionindex都市污水municipalsewage生活污水domesticsewage工業(yè)廢水industrialwastewater常規(guī)分析指標(biāo)indexofroutineanalysis環(huán)境監(jiān)測environmentalmonitoring過程監(jiān)測coursemonitoring污染物排放原則pollutiondischargestandard總量排放原則totalamountofpollutiondischargestandard優(yōu)先監(jiān)測prioritymonitoring環(huán)境優(yōu)先污染物environmentalprioritypollutant總固體totalsolids可吸入微粒(可吸入塵和飄塵)inhaleparticles濁度計(jì)turbidimeter試驗(yàn)室質(zhì)量控制laboratoryqualityconrol空白試驗(yàn)值blankvalue平行樣duplicatesamples再現(xiàn)性(重現(xiàn)性)reproducibility反復(fù)性repeatability回收率recoveryrate檢出限detectionlimit冷原子吸取法cold-vaporatomicabsorptionmethod紫外吸取光譜法ultravioletabsorptionspectrophotometry重量分析gravimetricanalysis內(nèi)標(biāo)法internalmarkermethod定性分析qualitativeanalysis定量分析quantitiveanalysis試樣前處理pre-treatment均值meanvalue原則差standarderror方差variation回歸分析regressionanalysis有關(guān)分析correlationanalysis有關(guān)系數(shù)correlationcoefficient系統(tǒng)誤差systematicerror隨機(jī)誤差randomerror有效數(shù)字validfigure農(nóng)藥殘留分析pesticideresidueanalysis排污收費(fèi)effluentcharge室內(nèi)空氣污染indoorairpollution水體自凈self-purificationofwaterbody水土保持soilandwaterconservation水土流失soilerosion土壤修復(fù)soil-remediation生物修復(fù)bioremediation光降解photodegradation溫室氣體greenhousegases總量收費(fèi)totalquantitycharge超臨界流體supercriticalfluid土壤采樣soilpollution環(huán)境物理學(xué)光輻射(光)visibleradiation紅外線infraredray紫外線ultravioletray滅菌燈bactericidallamp光污染lightpollution噪聲污染noisepollution混響reverberation聽力損失hearingloss絕對濕度absolutehumidity相對濕度relativehumidity飽和度saturationratio冷凝condensation露點(diǎn)溫度dewpointtemperature熱輻射thermalradiation比熱specificheat空氣調(diào)整airconditioning通風(fēng)ventilation環(huán)境工程學(xué)環(huán)境污染綜合防治integratedpreventionandcontrolofpollution環(huán)境功能區(qū)劃environmentalfunctionzoning稀釋比dilutionratio遷移transfer紊流擴(kuò)散turbulentdiffusion氧虧(虧氧量)oxygendeficit復(fù)氧reaeration溶解氧下垂曲線dissolved-oxygensagcurve飽和溶解氧saturateddissolved無污染燃料pollution-freefuel燃燒combustion空氣－燃料比air-to-fuelratio煙氣分析analysisoffluegas煤旳綜合運(yùn)用comprehensiveutilizationofcoal脫硫desulfurization除塵效率particlecollectionefficiency分割粒徑cutdiameterforparticles壓力損失（壓力降）pressuredrop機(jī)械除塵器mechanicalcollector重力沉降室gravitysettlingchamber慣性除塵器inertialdustseparator旋風(fēng)除塵器cyclonecollector回流式旋風(fēng)除塵器reverse-flowcyclonecollector直流旋風(fēng)除塵器straight-throughcyclonecollector多管旋風(fēng)除塵器multiplecyclonecollector過濾除塵器filter袋式除塵器baghouse濾料filtrationmedia氣布比air-to-clothratio機(jī)械振動清灰袋式除塵器baghousewithshakecleaning逆氣流清灰袋式除塵器baghousewithreverse-flowcleaning脈沖噴吹清灰袋式除塵器baghousewithpulse-jetcleaning靜電除塵electrostaticprecipitator(ESP)電暈放電coronadischarge驅(qū)進(jìn)速度driftvelocity集塵極collectingelectrode板間距distancebetweencollectingelectrodes電極清灰removalofcollectedparticlefromelectrodes寬間距靜電除塵器widespaceelectrostaticprecipitator高壓脈沖靜電除塵器pulsechargingelectrostaticprecipitator濕式靜電除塵器wetelectrostaticprecipitator雙區(qū)靜電除塵器（兩段式電除塵器）two-stageelectrostaticprecipitator濕式除塵器wetcollectorofparticulates重力噴霧洗滌器gravitationalsprayscrubber旋風(fēng)洗滌器centrifugalscrubber中心噴霧旋風(fēng)洗滌器]cyclonesprayscrubber泡沫洗滌塔foamtowerscrubber填料床洗滌器packedbedscrubber文丘里洗滌器venturiscrubber雙膜理論two-filmtheory氣膜控制gasfilmcontrol液膜控制liquidfilmcontrol穿透曲線breakthroughcurve催化劑catalyst催化劑中毒poisoningofcatalyst煙氣脫硫fluegasdesulfurization(FGD)濕法脫硫wetprocessofFGD石灰－石灰石法脫硫desulfurizationbylimeandlimestone氨吸取法脫硫ammoniaprocessofFGD干法脫硫dryprocessFGD吸取法控制氮氧化物controlofNOxbyabsorption水吸取法脫氮controlofNOxbyabsorptionprocesswithwater酸吸取法脫氮controlofNOxbyabsorptionprocesswithacid堿吸取法脫氮controlofNOxbyabsorptionprocesswithalkali吸附法控制氮氧化物controlofNOxbyadsorption分子篩吸附法脫氮controlofNOxbyadsorptionprocesswithmolecularsieve硅膠吸附法脫氮controlofNOxbyadsorptionprocesswithsilicagel氣體生物凈化biotreatmentofgaseouspollutant生物過濾器biofilter汽車尾氣污染pollutionofautomobileexhaustgal生物脫臭biotreatmentofoder集氣罩capturehood煙囪有效排放高度effectiveheightofemmission清潔生產(chǎn)cleanerproduction礦山廢水miningdrainage電鍍廢水electroplatingwastewater給水處理廠watertreatmentplant污水處理廠wastewatertreatment給水（污水）處理構(gòu)筑物water（sewage）treatmentstructure污水集水井swagejoiningwell廢水調(diào)整池wastewaterflowequalizationbasin格柵grill篩網(wǎng)gridscreen沉砂池gritsettlingtank曝氣沉砂池aerationgritsettlingtank平流式沉砂池horizontalgritsettlingtank立式圓形沉砂池verticalcirculargritsettlingtank圓形周圍運(yùn)動沉砂池circularperimeterflowgritsettlingtank重力排砂gritdischargebygravity水力提高排砂gritdischargewithhydraulicelevator水力旋流器hydrauliccyclone沉淀池settlingtank重力沉淀池gravitysettlingtank濃縮式沉淀池thickeningsettlingtank斜板（斜管）沉淀池slopingplank(pipe)settlingtank輻流式沉淀池radialsettlingtank平流式沉淀池horizontalsettlingtank豎流式沉淀池verticalsettlingtank懸浮污泥澄清池suspendedsludgeclarifier脈沖澄清池pulseclarifier水力循環(huán)澄清池hydrauliccirculatingclarifier豎流折板絮凝池verticaltableflapflocculatingtank機(jī)械攪拌絮凝池mechanicalmixingflocculatingtank顆粒自由沉降particlefreesediment絮凝沉降flocculationsedimentation擁擠沉降hinderedsedimentation氣浮池floatationbasin加壓溶氣氣浮法pressuredissolved-airfloatation微電解法microelectroanalysis過濾池filter重力過濾法gravityfiltrationprocess壓力過濾法pressurefiltrationprocess真空過濾法vacuumfiltrationprocess快濾池rapidfiltration慢濾池slowfiltration接觸濾池contactfilter雙向?yàn)V池bidirectionalfilter雙層濾料濾池doublelayerfilter無閥濾池non-valvefilter虹吸濾池siphonfilter壓力濾池pressurefilterV型濾池aquazurV-filter砂濾sandfiltration微濾機(jī)microstrainer濾池沖洗強(qiáng)度backwashingintensityoffilter濾層filtermateriallayer濾料承托層holdinglayerforfiltermaterial斜板隔油沉淀池oiltrapwithslopeplank冷卻塔coolingtower濕式氧化法wetoxidationprocess反應(yīng)池reactionbasin葉輪攪拌器turbinemixer膜分離法membraneseparationmethod半滲透膜semi-permeablemembrane電滲析electrodialysis反滲透reverseosmosis離子互換膜ionexchangemembrane萃取extraction汽提stripping吹脫法blow-offmethod臭氧氧化法ozonation臭氧發(fā)生器ozonator磁分離法magneticisolationmethod光催化氧化opticalcatalysisoxidation軟化水處理softeningwatertreatment石灰－純堿軟化法lime-sodiumcarbonatesofteningmethod廢水好氧/厭氧處理biologicalaerobic/anaerobictreatmentofwastewater微生物內(nèi)源代謝microorganismintrinsicmetabolism微生物合成代謝microorganismsyntheticmetabolism基質(zhì)分解代謝substratedegradationmetabolism活性污泥法activatedsludgeprocess回流污泥returnsludge剩余污泥surplussludge初次沉淀池primarysedimentationbasin曝氣池aeration推流式曝氣池plug-flowaerationbasin完全混合曝氣池completelymixedaerationbasin二次沉淀池secondarysedimentationbasin污泥沉降比sludgesettlingratio污泥容積指數(shù)sludgevelumindex污泥負(fù)荷volumeloading一般活性污泥法conventionalactivatedsludgeprocess分段曝氣法stepaerationmethod延時曝氣法extendedaerationmethod加速曝氣法accelerantaerationmethod深井曝氣法deepwellaerationmethod純氧曝氣法oxygenaerationmethod鼓風(fēng)曝氣裝置blastaerator擴(kuò)散曝氣設(shè)備diffusionaerator射流曝氣設(shè)備effluxaerator機(jī)械曝氣裝置mechanicalaerator表面曝氣裝置surfaceaerator曝氣時間aerationtime污泥齡sludgeage活性污泥培養(yǎng)activatedsludgeculture活性污泥馴化domesticationofactivatedsludge粉末炭活性炭法powderedcarbonactivatedsludgeprocess污泥膨脹sludgebulking生物濾池biologicalfilter高負(fù)荷生物濾池high-loadingbiologicalfilter水力負(fù)荷hydraulicloading有機(jī)負(fù)荷organicloading塔式生物濾池towerbiologicalfiler生物轉(zhuǎn)盤biologicalrotatingdisc生物流化床biologicalfluidizedbed活性生物濾池activatedbiofilter化糞池septictank污水硝化脫氮處理nitrogenremovalfromwastewaterbynitrification污水反硝化脫氮處理nitrogenremovalfromwastewaterbydenitrification 污水硝化—反硝化脫氮處理nitrogenremovalfromwastewaterbynitridenitrification土地處理系統(tǒng)landtreatmentsystem氧化塘oxidationpond好氧塘aerobicpond兼性塘facultativepond厭氧塘anaerobicpond曝氣氧化塘aeratedoxidationpondICEASintermittentcyclicextendedaerationsystem間歇循環(huán)延時曝氣活性污泥法DAT-IAT工藝demandaerationtankintermittentaerationtanksystem(需氧池－間歇池)A1/O工藝anoxic/oxicA2/O工藝anaerobicoxicPhostrip工藝phostriopprocessBardenpho工藝BardenphoprocessPhoredox工藝PhoredoxprocessUCT工藝universityofcapetownVIP工藝Virginiainitiativeplant厭氧生物濾池(AF)anaerobicfilter厭氧接觸法anaerobiccontactprocess厭氧生物轉(zhuǎn)盤anaerobicbiologicalrotatingdisc兩相厭氧消化two-phaseanaerobicdigest序批式間歇反應(yīng)器seriesbatchreactor氧化溝oxidationditch上流式厭氧污泥床upflowanaerobicsludgeblanketMSBRmodifiedsequencingbatchreactor消毒disinfection滅菌sterilization加氯機(jī)chlorinator氯化消毒chlorizationdisinfection漂白粉消毒disinfectionbybleachingpowder紫外線消毒disinfectionwithultravioletrays加氯消毒disinfectionbychlorine液氯liquifiedchlorinegas需氯量chlorinedemand余氯chlorineresidual游離性余氯freechlorineresidual化合性余氯combinedchlorineresidual折點(diǎn)加氯chlorinationbreakpoint過氧化氫消毒disinfectionbyhydrogenperoxide除味tasteremoval除臭odorremoval脫色decoloration生污泥undigestedsludge熟污泥digestedsludge污泥處置disposalofsludge污泥綜合運(yùn)用comprehensiveutilizationofsludge真空過濾法vacuumflotationprocess污泥濃縮sludgethickening污泥消化sludgedigestion污泥脫水sludgedewatering污泥干化sludgedrying污泥焚燒sludgeincineration真空過濾機(jī)脫水dewateringbyvacuumfilter板框壓濾機(jī)脫水dewateringbyplateframepressfilter輥軋式脫水機(jī)脫水dewateringbyrollpress帶式壓濾機(jī)脫水dewateringbybeltpressfilter離心式脫水機(jī)脫水dewateringbycentrifuge中溫消化處理middletemperaturedigestivetreatment高溫消化處理hightemperaturedigestivetreatment污泥堆肥發(fā)酵處理sludgecompostingandfermentation污泥濃縮池sludgethickener污泥消化池sludgedigestiontank污泥產(chǎn)氣率gasproductionrateofsludge污泥干化場sludgedryingbed固體廢物solidwastes都市生活垃圾municipalsolidwastes都市生活垃圾堆放處置法dumpingofmunicipalsolidwastes都市生活垃圾衛(wèi)生填埋法sanitarylandfillingofmunicipalsolidwastes都市生活垃圾焚燒法incinerationofmunicipalsolidwastes都市生活垃圾分類sortingofmunicipalsolidwastes都市生活垃圾搜集collectionofmunicipalsolidwastes垃圾收費(fèi)refusetaxing廢電池usedbattery有毒有害工業(yè)固體廢物toxicindustrialwastes醫(yī)療廢物healthcarewastes堆肥composting填埋場landfill滲濾液leachatetreatment焚燒爐incinerationfurnaces助燃空氣系統(tǒng)airinjectionsystem余熱運(yùn)用heatutilization焚燒灰渣ash水泥固化技術(shù)cementsolidification石灰固化limesolidification瀝青固化技術(shù)asphaltsolidification固體廢物預(yù)處理preliminarytreatmentofsolidwastes破碎crushingofsolidwastes篩分screeningofsolidwastes風(fēng)力分選windseparation放射性固體廢物radioactivesolidwaste聲級計(jì)soundlevelmeter消聲室anechoicroom;anechoicchamber;deadroom混響室reverberationroom隔聲soundinsulation吸聲muffler環(huán)境醫(yī)學(xué)環(huán)境衛(wèi)生學(xué)environmentalhygiene環(huán)境毒理學(xué)environmentaltoxicology口蹄疫foot-and-mouthdisease流行病學(xué)epidemiology地方病endemicdisease氟斑牙dentalfluorosis職業(yè)病occupationaldisease慢性毒性chronictoxicity急性毒性acutetoxicity致癌物carcinogen變異variation病原體pathogen抗體antibody抗原antigen突變mutation病毒virus蓄積器官storageorgan致突變作用mutagenesis致畸作用teratogenesis致癌作用carcinogensis攝入量intakedose吸取量absorbeddose衛(wèi)生原則healthstandard最高容許濃度maximumpermissibleconcentration致死量lethaldose半致死濃度medianlethalconcentration(LD50)劑量－反應(yīng)關(guān)系dose-responserelationship惡臭offensiveodor協(xié)同作用synergism拮抗作用antagonism因果關(guān)系cause-effectrelationship有關(guān)關(guān)系correlation閾限值thresholdlimitvalue(TLV)高危人群populationathighrisk易感人群susceptiblepopulatio環(huán)境管理學(xué)環(huán)境管理學(xué)environmentalmanagementscience環(huán)境倫理學(xué)environmentalethics環(huán)境質(zhì)量管理managementofenvironmentalquality環(huán)境合適度environmentalsuitability環(huán)境區(qū)劃environmentalzoning環(huán)境預(yù)測environmentalforecasting環(huán)境質(zhì)量評價environmentalqualityevaluation環(huán)境影響評價environmentalimpactassessment環(huán)境規(guī)劃environmentalplanning環(huán)境決策分析environmentaldecisionanalysis總量控制totaldischargecontrolofpollutant濃度控制concentrationcontrol排污收費(fèi)effluentcharge排污申報(bào)登記declarationandregistrationofpollutantdischarge排污許可證permitforpollutantdischarge生物安全biosafety環(huán)境監(jiān)察environmentalsupervisionandmanagement環(huán)境宣傳教育environmentalpropagandaandeducation環(huán)境意識environmentalconsciousness環(huán)境質(zhì)量匯報(bào)書reportonenvironmentalquality環(huán)境影響評價匯報(bào)書reportonenvironmentalimpactassessment公眾意見聽證會publichearing循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)cycliceconomy防止為主、防治結(jié)合、綜合治理原則principleofgivingprioritytopollutionprevention,combiningpreventionandcontrol,andintegratedcontrol全面現(xiàn)劃、合理布局原則principleofoverallplanningandrationallayout誰污染誰治理polluter-treats綜合運(yùn)用、化害為利原則principleofcomprehensiveutilizationandturningharmintogood誰開發(fā)誰保護(hù)explorer-protects協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展原則principleofcoordinateddevelopment國家環(huán)境保護(hù)模范都市nationalenvironmentalprotectionmodelcity全國生態(tài)示范區(qū)nationalecologicaldemonstrationarea環(huán)境信息environmentalinformation環(huán)境管理信息系統(tǒng)informationsystemforenvironmentalmanagement環(huán)境專家系統(tǒng)environmentalexpertsystem環(huán)境監(jiān)測environmentmonitoring環(huán)境標(biāo)志environmentallabel清潔生產(chǎn)cleanerproduction環(huán)境審計(jì)environmentalaudit產(chǎn)品生命周期lifecycleofproduct環(huán)境法學(xué)環(huán)境法學(xué)scienceofenvironmentallaw環(huán)境保護(hù)法environmentalprotectionlaw公害法publicnuisancelaw環(huán)境行政法規(guī)administrativeregulationsofenvironment環(huán)境部門規(guī)章departmentalrulesofenvironment污染物排放原則pollutantdischargestandard“三同步”制度threesimultaneitysystem排污審報(bào)登記制度declarationandregistrationsystemofpollutiondischarge排污許可證制度permitsystemofpollutantdischarge排污收費(fèi)制度systemofeffluent限期治理制度systemofeliminatingandcontrollingenvironmentalpollutionwithinaprescribedtime現(xiàn)場檢查制度systemofon-siteinspection環(huán)境污染事故匯報(bào)制度systemofenvironmentalpollutionaccidentreporting《中華人民共和國環(huán)境保護(hù)法》EnvironmentalProtectionLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina《中華人民共和國水污染防治法》lawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonpreventionandcontrolofwaterpollution《中華人民共和國大氣污染防治法》lawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonpreventionandcontrolofatmosphericpollution《中華人民共和國環(huán)境噪聲污染防治法》lawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonpreventionandcontrolofpollutionfromenvironmentalnoise《中華人民共和國固體廢物污染環(huán)境法》lawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonpreventionandcontrolofenvironmentalpollutionbysolidwaste《中華人民共和國海洋環(huán)境保護(hù)法》marineenvironmentprotectionlawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina《全國生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)規(guī)劃》nationaleco-environmentalconstructionplan《全國生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)綱要》nationalcompendiumoneco-environmentalprotection地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量原則environmentalqualitystandardforsurfacewater地下水質(zhì)量原則qualitystandardf