2022北京朝陽高三（上）期末英語（教師版）

24/242022北京朝陽高三（上）期末英語本試卷共10頁。考生務必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。17-year-oldNorwoodwasdrivingthreefriendshomeinSt.Petersburg,Florida,onFebruary20.Astheyreachedacrossroads,ablackcar___1___them.Theircarsailedintosomeone’syardandcrashedintoatree.Assmokerosefromthecar,abystandershouted,“It’sabouttoblowup!Getout!”The___2___hadcavedinNorwood’sdriver’ssidedoor,jammingitshut.___3___,butotherwiseOK,sheclimbedoutthroughthewindow.Alongwithtwoofherfriends,who’dalsomanagedto___4___themselves,Norwoodranforherlife.Buthalfwaydownthestreet,sherealizedthatherbestfriend,Simmons,wasn’twiththem.Norwoodran___5___andfoundSimmonsinthebackseat,unconscious.Shethrewopenthebackdoorandpulledherfriendout,avoidingthebrokenglassasbestasshecould.She___6___Simmonstosafetyandlaidherontheground.“Icheckedherpulse(脈搏),andputmyheadagainstherchest.Nosignoflife,”NorwoodtoldCNN,“That’swhenIstartedCPR.Fortunately,I___7___myCPRcertificateyesterday.”ShestartedpumpingSimmons’schestandbreathingintoherfriend’smouthinhopesoffillingherlungswiththekissoflife.No___8___.Andthen,afterthe30compressions(按壓)andtworescuebreaths,Simmonsregainedconsciousness.TheCPRhad___9___!Soon,paramedics(急救人員)arrivedandrushedSimmonstothehospital,wheresheheardhowherbestfriendhadsavedherlife.“Iwasn’t____10____,”Simmonssaid.“Shewillalwayshelpanywayshecan.”1.A.stopped B.hit C.guided D.passed2.A.impact B.symbol C.weight D.gravity3.A.Relaxed B.Shaken C.Amazed D.Embarrassed4.A.free B.defeat C.meet D.protect5.A.back B.around C.forward D.outside6.A.pushed B.rolled C.drove D.dragged7.A.lost B.tested C.earned D.provided8A.trouble B.response C.preparation D.exception9.A.begun B.finished C.failed D.worked10.A.calm B.upset C.surprised D.nervous第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WangYaping,theChinesefemaleastronautonboardShenzhou13,enteredtheTiangongspacestation,___11___namemeansHeavenlyPalace,onOctober16.Sheisthefirstfemaleastronaut___12___(visit)China’sspacestationandcarryoutextravehicularactivities.BorninYantai,Wangbecamethesecondfemaleastronautinspaceflight.Duringthismission,Wang,asoneofthecrew___13___(member),willstayinorbitforsixmonths,settinganewrecordforChina’smannedspacemissionduration.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Zhaobi,orscreenwalls,havealongandstoriedhistory.Zhaobicanbefoundoutsidetheentranceofbuildings,andintheirearliestform,they___14___(build)foronlythehighestmembersofsocietytoshowtheirsocialstatus(地位)andprotectprivacy.Itwasbelieved___15___zhaobiwouldalsoactasthespiritualprotection.Thentheybecamean___16___(importance)formofartisticexpression,representinggoodfortuneappearingonthewalls.Nowadays,zhaobiarestillhowtheylookedinthedistantpast.Byevolving(演變)theirfunction,thesewalls___17___(witness)China’sdevelopment,givingusasnapshotoflifeataparticulartimeinhistory.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Anewstudy___18___(conduct)attheUniversityofKansassuggeststhataddedsugarscancausesomeprocessestiedtodepressiveillness.Theresearchersfoundthatinflammation(炎癥)isthekeyeffectofdietarysugarrelatedtomentalhealth.Highsugarconsumptioncouldresultinaperfectstormnegatively___19___(affect)thebodyandbrain.“Manypeople___20___depressionhavehighlevelsofsystemicinflammation,whichcandirectlypushthebrainintoaseveredepression.Andaddedsugarsstimulatethisprocess,”saidStephenIlardi.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AInourhyper-connectedworld,informationisbeingcollectedandsharedeverynanosecond.Theproblemisthatyourpersonalinformationmightbeusedagainstyouinthefutureinwaysyoucan’timaginetoday.Sowhatdoyouhavetoworryabout,andwhatcanyoudotoprotectyourself?Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourpersonalinformationgettinglifted...Don’thandoveryourname,address,phonenumber,oremailaddressunlessthereceiverreallyneedsit.Ifpressed,youcanalwaysmakesomethingup.Optapaperreceiptornoreceiptratherthangettingoneviatextoremail,whichrequiressharingyourinformationandexposesyoutopossibledataloss.IfyoupreferthatyourInternetsearchesstayprivate...Browse(瀏覽)withFirefox.Itsprivacycontrolsarestrongerthanotherbig-namebrowsers.OruseDuckDuckGo,andalternateserviceyoucaneasilysetasyourdefault(默認)searchpartnerat.Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourphoneactingasatracker...TurnoffLocationServicesforallappsexceptmapsandothersthatspecificallyneedtoknowwhereyouare.YoucandothisinSettings,underPrivacyandLocation.Ifyouwantcompaniestostoptryingtosellyouthings...Stopadsfromtrackingyoubyoptingoutofinformationcollecting.Thewebsiteisagoodplacetostart.YoucanalsoaddyourphonenumbertotheNationalDoNotCallRegistryat1-888-382-1222or.Ifyou’reworriedaboutbeingtagged(標記)inphotosonsocialmedia..Tellfriendsyoudon’twanttobetagged,andoptoutofbeingautomaticallytaggedinotherpeople’sFacebookphotosbygoingtoSettings,thenFaceRecognition.AlwayskeepinmindthatInternetisnotaprivateplaceandyourprivacyisnotjustaboutfreedomfromembarrassment.Althoughyoucan’tpreventallInternetspying,youcanminimizesomeunwantedspyingbytakingthesesteps.21.Whichofthefollowingwillmostpossiblyrevealyourpersonalinformation?A.LookingforinformationwithFirefox.B.Receivingareceiptthroughtextmessages.C.SwitchingoffLocationServicesinSettings.D.Givingyouraddresstothereceiverwhoneedsit.22.Ifyoudon’twanttobedisturbedbyads,youcan________.A.avoidusingB.refuseacallfrom1-888-382-1222C.deleteyourhistoryfromDuckDuckGoD.registeryourphonenumberat23.Thepassageisintendedto________.A.giveadvice B.introducewebsitesC.showworries D.explainsocialmediaBCardsfromReeseWhen9-year-oldReeseOsterberglostherhomeinFresnoCounty,California,inCreekFire,oneofthelargestwildfiresinstatehistoryearlylastfall,shehadaverypressingconcern:didanyonegrabherbaseballcards?Noonehad.Withahousefulofkidsanddogsandafarm’sworthofhorsestoevacuate(疏散),thefamilyforgotthecardsinahurrytoleave.Naturally,thefaithfulSanFranciscoGiantsfanandLittleLeaguebaseballplayerwasupset.WhenshewatchedtheGiantsonTV,shewouldlayouteachplayer’scardonthefloorinhiscorrespondingfieldposition.“Ilikebaseballcardsbecausetheyarepicturesofpeopledoinghappystuff—doingwhattheylove,andwhatIlove,”saysReese.Reese’slosstouchedtheheartsoftheFresnoCountyfiredepartment,whichpostedherstoryonitsFacebookpage.TheyputoutacallforpeopletohelpReeserebuildherbaseballcardcollection.AmongthosetorespondwasKevinAshfordofSanJose,whoknewexactlywhereReesecouldfindreplacementcards:inhisgarage.Hehadmorethan25,000inhiscollection,whichisworthabout$50,000.Ashfordhadbeenthinkingaboutsellingthemwhenhesawthefiredepartment’spost.“Iwasn’treallydoinganythingwiththem,”saysAshford.“IthoughtIcouldtakecareofthisproblemratherquickly.”FirstresponderstransportedthecardsfromAshford’sgaragetotheFresnoCountyfiredepartmentandthensurprisedReeseduringatourofthefirehouse.TowersofAshford’scardswereputinfrontofthefireengine.AfterthankingAshford,ReesewasquicktosharethethousandsofbaseballcardsshereceivedfromAshfordandotherdonorsaroundthecountrywithotherkidsaffectedbyCalifornia’sCreekFire.She’sgottensomany,infact,thatshestartedCardsfromReese,anorganizationthatcollectscardsanddonatesthemtothoseinneed.Sheknowsfirsthandofthesimplepowerofacardandshe’dliketoliftotherchildrenupasothershaveliftedherup.24.WhathappenedtoReese’sbaseballcards?A.Someonetookthemaway. B.Theywereleftinthegarage.C.Herfamilythrewthemaway. D.Theyweredestroyedinafire.25.HowdidAshfordhelpReese?A.Hedonatedhiscardstoher. B.Hecalledonotherstohelpher.C.HesharedherstoryonFacebook. D.Heexchangedhiscardswithher.26.Fromthestory,wecanlearnthat________.A.upsanddownsmakeonestrongB.nothingisdifficulttoawillingheartC.lovecanbesentfromonetoanotherD.acceptingwhatyouhavemakesyouhappyCThereturnofseaotterstoSoutheastAlaskaoverthepast50years,aprojectfundedbytheU.S.AtomicEnergyCommission,hasbeenaconservationsuccessstory.ErinFoster,aNearshoreEcologyPhDfromHakaiInstitute,suggeststhatseaotterrestorationcanenhancethegeneticdiversityoftheirhabitat.Seaottersresideincoastalhabitats,includingeelgrassfields,wheretheyfeedonrockcrabs,oftencreatingforagingpits(覓食坑)intheeelgrass.Fosterlookedattheimpactofthisactivityoneelgrassgeneticdiversitybycomparingeelgrassecosystemswithnootters(pre-disturbance)tothosewhereottershadbeenreintroduced(post-disturbance).Itwasfoundthatgeneticdiversitywashigherintheareaswithotters.Fosterarguesthatgeneticrichnessisofcentralimportanceherebecauseitiscrucialtoresilience(恢復力)andtheevolutionofclonalorganisms.Why?Theprimarymodeofexpansionforeelgrassisclonalgrowth,butseaotterdiggingstimulatessexualreproductioninthefloweringplantandopensupareasfortheseedstosettle.Eventhoughdisturbanceenhancesthediversityanddynamicsofmanyoftheworld’secosystems,itsinfluenceongeneticdiversityremainspoorlyappreciated.Theamountofdisturbancethatwasobservedintheeelgrassfieldswasrelativelylow:about5%oftheseafloorhadforagingpits,althoughthepitslastonlyforashorttime,andvisualobservationslikelyunderestimatetheamountofactivity.Thedisturbancetheory,presentedin1978onthebasisofevidencefromtropicalforestsandcoralreefs,iswellknowntoecologists.Earlystudiesshowedthatdisturbancecouldincreasespeciesdiversity,butresearchesontheeffectsofdisturbanceongeneticdiversityarerelativelyrare.Theroleofseaottersineelgrassfieldsprovidesinsightsintohowgeneticdiversitycanchangewhenspeciesinteractionsarelost—andhowthesepatternscanberestored.Withoutseaotters,geneticdiversityappearstodecline;whentheyreturn,sodoesdiversity.Seaotterswereextirpatedfrommuchoftheirrangeduringintensecommercialharvestsinthe18thand19thcenturies.Astheirrangeexpandedinthe1960sand1970safterthedisturbance,andtheirhabitatsbecamebetterunderstood,seaottersbecamesymbolicspeciesinecology.Theroleofseaottersinbiogeochemicalprocessessuchasthecarboncyclehasgainedattentioninrecentyears.DuringtheUnitedNationsDecadeonEcosystemRestoration(2021-2030),moreattentionshouldbepaidtorebuildinganimalpopulationsandthekeyecologicalfunctionstheyprovide.27.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.eelgrassecosystemsareestablishedbyseaottersB.eelgrassexpandsthroughclonalgrowthduetoseaottersC.thereturnofseaotterscanincreasegeneticdiversityofeelgrassDeelgrassplaysamoreimportantroleintheecosystemthanseaotters28.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Theecologicaldisturbancetheorylacksbasicproof.B.Thepreviousresearchesondisturbanceareinsufficient.C.Thenecessityoftheresearchondisturbanceisdoubted.D.Theeffectsofdisturbanceongeneticdiversityarerelativelysmall.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“extirpated”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Removed. B.Restored. C.Reproduced. D.Relocated.30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheEcologicalFunctionofEelgrassFieldsB.TheCommitmenttoEcologicalConservationC.TheStrategyforIncreasingSeaOtterPopulationD.TheBenefitofDisturbanceonGeneticDiversityDMyuniversityhasnowtoppedtheU.S.News&WorldReportrankingsfor11yearsrunning.GivenPrinceton’ssuccess,youmightthinkIwouldbeafanofthelist.Notso.Don’tgetmewrong.IamproudofPrinceton’steaching,researchandcommitmenttoservice.Ilikeseeingourqualityrecognized.Rankings,however,areamisleadingwaytoassessuniversities.Differentschoolshavedistinctstrengths,structuresandmissions.Theideaofpickingoneas“best”,asthougheducationalprogramscompetedlikeathleticteams,isstrange.However,theU.S.Newsrankingsattractgreatattentionandahugecustomerbase.Applicantsandtheirfamiliesrelyontherankingsandfeelpressuretogetintohighlyregardedinstitutions.Asaresult,manyschoolsmakeintenseeffortstomoveupintherankings.Thiscompetitionproducesdamagingconsequences.Forexample,someuniversitiesavoiddoingdifficultbutvaluablethings—suchasadmittingtalentedlower-incomestudentswhocansucceedatuniversityifgivenappropriatesupport.Still,studentsandfamiliesneedcomparativeinformationtochooseuniversities.Ifrankingsmislead,whatisthealternative?Forgenerations,buyershaveturnedtoConsumerReportsforadviceaboutalmosteverythingexceptuniversityeducation.WhenConsumerReportsevaluatesaproduct,itassessesmultiplefactorssothatpotentialbuyerscanmaketheirownchoicewisely.Similarly,universityapplicantsneedinformationaboutsomebasicvariables.Graduationratesarecrucial.Auniversitythatdoesnotgraduateitsstudentsislikeacarwithabadmaintenance(維修)record.Itcostsmoneywithoutgettingyouanywhere.Whatapplicantsneedisnottheaveragegraduationrate,buttherateforstudentswithbackgroundsliketheirown.Forexample,someplacessuccessfullygraduatetheirwealthystudentsbutdolesswellforlower-incomestudents.Applicantsshouldalsoseesomemeasureofpost-graduationoutcomes.Hereisapartiallistofotherfactorsthatmatter:costoftuition(學費)andfees;high-qualityteachersactivelyengagedinundergraduateinstruction;andalearningculturecomposedofdiversestudentswhostudyhardandeducateoneanother.Judgedbythesecriteria,manyschoolscouldbe“ConsumerReportsBestBuys”.Applicantsshouldbeexcitedtogetintoanyofthem;theyshouldpicktheonetheyfindmostappealing;andtheyshouldnotwastetimeworryingaboutwhichis“thebest”.ItwouldbegreattohaveaConsumerReportsforuniversities.Ihopethatsomenationalpublicationwillhavethecouragetoproduceanannual,user-friendlyConsumerReports-styleanalysisofhighereducationinstitutions,evenifitisnotasattractiveasafootball-stylesetofrankings.Inthemeantime,thoseofuswhounderstandtheimperfectionintherankingsmustcallthemout—evenwhen,indeedespeciallywhen,wefinishatthetop.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsuniversityrankings?A.Supportive. B.Indifferent. C.Disapproving. D.Neutral.32.WhydoestheauthormentionConsumerReports?A.Torevealthemultiplicityofconsumers.B.Topresenttheinformationofpotentialbuyers.C.Tohighlightthedifficultyofchoosinguniversities.D.Toemphasizetheneedofoverallevaluationofuniversities.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.ItisnotlikelytohaveaConsumerReportsforuniversities.B.Themostsuitableuniversityforapplicantsmaynotrankthetop.C.Theaveragegraduationrateiscrucialtolower-incomeapplicants.D.Thetopuniversitiescanseetheimperfectionintherankingsbetter.34.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thereisnosuchthingasagoodorbadstudent.B.Educationequalityisanidealhardtoberealized.C.Analternativeapproachisneededtoassessuniversities.D.Discriminationagainstpoorstudentsbringslossoftalents.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Humansstartdevelopingasenseofhumourasearlyassixweeksold,whenbabiesbegintolaughandsmileinresponsetostimuli(刺激物).Laughterandhumourprovidepsychologicalscientistswithrichresourcesforstudyinghumanpsychology.Theoriesfocusingontheevolutionoflaughterpointtoitasanimportantadaptationforsocialcommunication.Forexample,in1950,aU.S.soundengineerstartedrecordinghisown‘laughtracks’.Thesewereintendedtohelppeopleathomefeelliketheywereinasocialsituation.Heevenrecordedvarioustypesoflaughter.___35___Inonestudy,carriedoutin2016attheuniversityofCalifornia,samplesoflaughterfrompairsofEnglish-speakingstudentswererecordedandplayedtolistenersfrom24diversesocieties.___36___Onaverage,theresultswereremarkablyconsistent:worldwide,people’sguesseswerecorrectapproximately60%ofthetime.AnotherstudybyresearchersofAustralianNationalUniversitywasbasedontheassumptionthathumourmightprovideapausefromdullsituationsintheworkplace.___37___Theresearchersfirstaskedthestudentstocrossouteveryinstanceoftheletter‘e’overtwopagesoftext.Thestudentsthenwererandomlyassignedtowatchavideoclip.SomewatchedaclipoftheBBCcomedyMr.Bean,andothersafactualvideoaboutthemanagementprofession.Thestudentsthencompletedataskrequiringpersistenceinwhichtheywereaskedtoguessthepotentialperformanceofemployeesbasedonprovidedprofiles,andweretoldthatmaking10correctassessmentsinarowwouldleadtoawin.___38___StudentswhohadwatchedtheMr.Beanvideoendedupspendingsignificantlymoretimeworkingonthetask,makingtwiceasmanypredictionsastheothergroup.___39___Again,participantswhowatchedthehumorousvideospentsignificantlymoretimeworkingonthisboringtaskandcompletedmorequestionscorrectlythanstudentsfromtheothergroup.Traditionally,individualsareadvisedtoavoidthingssuchashumourthatmaydistractthemfromtheaccomplishmentoftaskgoals.However,humouractuallyhelpsrelievestressandfacilitatesocialrelationships.Itisnotonlyenjoyablebutmoreimportantly,energizing.A.Participantswereaskedwhetherthepairswerefriendsorstrangers.B.This‘mentalbreak’mightfacilitatetheadditionofmentalresources.C.Theresearchersthenhadparticipantscompletelongmultiplicationquestionsbyhand.D.Ateammadeupof30psychologicalscientistsplayedtheserecordingstodifferentpeople.E.However,thesoftwarewasprogrammedthatitwasimpossibletoachieve10correctanswers.F.Researchershavealsofounddifferenttypesoflaughterserveascodestocomplexhumanbonds.G.Hefoundoutasimple‘haha’communicatesaremarkableamountofsociallyrelevantinformation.第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。CollectingAsaHobbyCollectingmustbeoneofthemostvariedofhumanactivities,andit’sonethatmanypsychologistsfindfascinating.Somepeoplecollectbecausetheywanttomakemoney.Thiscouldbecalledaninstrumentalreasonforcollecting.They’lllookfor,say,antiquesthattheycanbuycheaplyandexpecttosellataprofit.Buttheremaywellbeapsychologicalelement,too—buyingcheapandsellingdearcangivethecollectorasenseofachievement.Anothermotiveforcollectingisthedesiretofindsomethingspecial.Somemayspendtheirwholelivesinahuntforthis.Psychologically,thiscangiveapurposetoalifethatotherwisefeelsaimless.Thereisadanger,though,thatiftheindividualiseverluckyenoughtofindwhatthey’relookingfor,ratherthancelebratingtheirsuccess,theymayfeelempty,nowthatthegoalthatdrovethemonhasgone.Ifyouthinkaboutcollectingpostagestamps,anotherpotentialreasonisitseducationalvalue.Stampcollectingopensawindowtoothercountries,andtotheplants,animals,orfamouspeopleshownontheirstamps.Inthepast,andnowadays,too,apopularformofcollecting,wastrainspotting.Thismightinvolvetryingtoseeeverylocomotive(火車頭)ofaparticulartype,usingpublisheddatathatidentifyeachone,andtickingoffeachengineasitisseen.Asaby-product,manytrainspottersbecomeveryknowledgeableaboutrailwayoperations,orthetechnicalspecificationsofdifferentenginetypes.Notallcollectorsareinterestedinlearningfromtheirhobbies.Somepeoplecollectbecauseoftheneedforasenseofcontrol.Stampcollectorsforinstance,arrangetheirstampsinalbumsveryneatlyaccordingtotheirpreferredprinciples.Allhobbiesgivepleasure,butthecommonfactorincollectingisusuallypassion.Collectingcanbetotallyappealing,andcangiveastrongsenseofpersonalachievement.Tonon-collectorsitmayappearastrangewayofspendingtime,butpotentially,collectinghasalotgoingforit.40.Whatistheinstrumentalreasonforcollecting?41.Whatisthedangerofhuntingforsomethingspecialasalifepurpose?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?Collectorsgainmaterialandpsychologicalbenefitsfromcollecting,butnon-collectorsmaynotseeitsvalue,sotheyarenotadvisedtohaveatry.43.Ifyouareacollector,whatdoyoucollect?Andwhy?(Inabout40words)第二節(jié)（20分）44.假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。你的英國好友Jim在你們學校網(wǎng)站上看到了你參加“校園勞動日”活動的照片，很感興趣，發(fā)來郵件詢問。請你給他回復郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.“校園勞動日”活動的相關信息（時間、內(nèi)容……）；2.你參加活動的感受。注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：校園勞動日CampusCleanupDayDearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案本試卷共10頁。考生務必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。17-year-oldNorwoodwasdrivingthreefriendshomeinSt.Petersburg,Florida,onFebruary20.Astheyreachedacrossroads,ablackcar___1___them.Theircarsailedintosomeone’syardandcrashedintoatree.Assmokerosefromthecar,abystandershouted,“It’sabouttoblowup!Getout!”The___2___hadcavedinNorwood’sdriver’ssidedoor,jammingitshut.___3___,butotherwiseOK,sheclimbedoutthroughthewindow.Alongwithtwoofherfriends,who’dalsomanagedto___4___themselves,Norwoodranforherlife.Buthalfwaydownthestreet,sherealizedthatherbestfriend,Simmons,wasn’twiththem.Norwoodran___5___andfoundSimmonsinthebackseat,unconscious.Shethrewopenthebackdoorandpulledherfriendout,avoidingthebrokenglassasbestasshecould.She___6___Simmonstosafetyandlaidherontheground.“Icheckedherpulse(脈搏),andputmyheadagainstherchest.Nosignoflife,”NorwoodtoldCNN,“That’swhenIstartedCPR.Fortunately,I___7___myCPRcertificateyesterday.”ShestartedpumpingSimmons’schestandbreathingintoherfriend’smouthinhopesoffillingherlungswiththekissoflife.No___8___.Andthen,afterthe30compressions(按壓)andtworescuebreaths,Simmonsregainedconsciousness.TheCPRhad___9___!Soon,paramedics(急救人員)arrivedandrushedSimmonstothehospital,wheresheheardhowherbestfriendhadsavedherlife.“Iwasn’t____10____,”Simmonssaid.“Shewillalwayshelpanywayshecan.”1.A.stopped B.hit C.guided D.passed2.A.impact B.symbol C.weight D.gravity3.A.Relaxed B.Shaken C.Amazed D.Embarrassed4.A.free B.defeat C.meet D.protect5.A.back B.around C.forward D.outside6.A.pushed B.rolled C.drove D.dragged7.A.lost B.tested C.earned D.provided8.A.trouble B.response C.preparation D.exception9.A.begun B.finished C.failed D.worked10.A.calm B.upset C.surprised D.nervous【1~10題答案】【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.A5.A6.D7.C8.B9.D10.C【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文。文章講述了在一場車禍后Norwood如何鎮(zhèn)定自若利用所學的急救知識勇敢援救朋友Simmons的故事?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當她們到達一個十字路口時，一輛黑色的汽車撞上了他們。A.stopped停止；B.hit撞擊；C.guided指導；D.passed通過。根據(jù)下文“Theircarsailedintosomeone’syardandcrashedintoatree.”可知，一輛車撞上了他們，致使她們的車駛進另一個院子，撞到了樹上。故選B。【2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：句意：碰撞使得Norwood駕駛員這側的車門塌陷，將門卡住了。A.impact碰撞；B.symbol象征；C.weight重量；D.gravity重力。根據(jù)上文“Astheyreachedacrossroads,ablackcar___1___them.Theircarsailedintosomeone’syardandcrashedintoatree.”可知，Norwood的車遭受了撞擊，駕駛員這側的門塌陷被卡住了。故選A。【3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：恐懼的然而在別的方面還是可以的，她從窗戶爬了出去。A.Relaxed放松的；B.Shaken恐懼的；C.Amazed驚奇的；D.Embarrassed尷尬的。根據(jù)上文“Assmokerosefromthecar,abystandershouted,‘It’sabouttoblowup!Getout!’”可知，汽車遭到撞擊，即將爆炸，因此推斷Norwood是恐懼的。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Norwood和她的兩個朋友，也設法自己逃了出來，一起逃命。A.free使擺脫；使自由；B.defeat打敗；C.meet遇見；D.protect保護。根據(jù)上文“Alongwithtwoofherfriends”和下文“Norwoodranforherlife”可知，Norwood和這兩個朋友一起逃命，說明朋友也成功自救。who引導定語從句，指代twoofherfriends，此處說的是朋友成功自救。freeoneself“解脫；使自己自由”符合語境。故選A?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她跑回去發(fā)現(xiàn)Simmons在后座上，昏迷不醒。A.back向后；B.around在周圍；C.forward向前；D.outside在外邊。根據(jù)上文“sherealizedthatherbestfriend,Simmons,wasn’twiththem”和下文“foundSimmonsinthebackseat,unconscious”可知，Norwood發(fā)現(xiàn)Simmons沒有和她們一起逃生，于是跑回去發(fā)現(xiàn)了后座上昏迷的Simmons。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她把Simmons拽到安全的地方，然后把她放在地上。A.pushed推動；B.rolled滾動；C.drove開車；D.dragged拖拽。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)aidherontheground”可知，Norwood把Simmons從車里拽了出來。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，我昨天獲得了心肺復蘇術證書。A.lost失去；B.tested測驗；C.earned贏得；獲得；D.provided提供。根據(jù)上文“That’swhenIstartedCPR.”以及Fortunately可知，Norwood開始給Simmons做心肺復蘇，幸運的是，昨天她獲得了心肺復蘇術證書，可以實施心肺復蘇。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有回應。A.trouble麻煩；B.response回復；C.preparation準備；D.exception例外。根據(jù)上文“ShestartedpumpingSimmons’schestandbreathingintoherfriend’smouthinhopesoffillingherlungswiththekissoflife.(她開始按壓她朋友的胸膛，往朋友的嘴里吹氣，希望能用生命的吻填滿她的肺。)”和下文“then,afterthe30compressions(按壓)andtworescuebreaths,Simmonsregainedconsciousness.(然后，經(jīng)過30次按壓和兩次急救呼吸后，Simmons恢復了意識)”可知，開始做心肺復蘇時，Simmons沒有回應，又經(jīng)過努力按壓和兩次急救呼吸后，她才恢復意識。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：心肺復蘇術起作用了。A.begun開始；B.finished完成；C.failed失??；D.worked起作用。根據(jù)上文“Simmonsregainedconsciousness”可知，Simmons恢復了意識，說明心肺復蘇術起作用了。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我并不感到驚訝，”Simmons說“她總是會盡力幫助?！盇.calm鎮(zhèn)靜的；B.upset不安的；C.surprised驚奇的；D.nervous緊張的。根據(jù)下文“Shewillalwayshelpanywayshecan.”可知，Simmons對于Norwood會挽救她的生命，因此她知道她總是會盡力提供幫助。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WangYaping,theChinesefemaleastronautonboardShe