2020-2021學(xué)年河南省名校聯(lián)盟高一上期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題

河南名校聯(lián)盟學(xué)年高一（上）期中考試英語(yǔ)第Ⅰ卷第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWithgraduationaroundthecorner,you’llprobablystarttoreceivegifts.Whethergraduatingfromhighschoolorcollege,you’llneedtosendthank-youcardstoeveryonewhosendsagift.Theyprobablywon’texpectit,butaspecialcardfromyouwouldbelikelytomaketheirday.WhentoWriteaGraduationThank-YouCardIt’sbesttowriteathank-youcardassoonaspossibleafterreceivingagraduationgift.Ifpossible,doitwithinacoupleofdays.Althoughit’sstillpropertowaituptoamonthaftergraduation,thelongeryouwait,themoredifficultitwillbe.WhyWriteaThank-YouCardWheneversomeonetakesthetimetoselectapresentordosomethingspecialforyou,thankingthatpersonistherightthingtodo,evenifyoudon’tlikethegift.Theleastyoucandoisletthemknowyouappreciatetheirthoughtfulness.KeepTrackofAllGiftsAseachgiftarrives,writedownwhattheitemisandwhohassentittoyou.Thisisnecessarybecauseyou’Ilneedtobespecificinthethank-younote.Thank-YouMessagetotheFamilyRemembertothankthepeoplewhosupportedyouthemostasyoufirststeppedfootinaclassroom,stoodbyyouthroughoutyoureducatioyou.Note:Yourdedallofyourachievements.Themessagetoyourfamilyshouldbeheartfeltthanksforalwaysbeingthereforyou.Note:Yourthank-youmessagetoeveryoneoutsideyourimmediatefamilydoesn’tneedtobesolongordetailed(詳細(xì)的).Alwaysstartbyshowingyourgratitude,thenmentionthegift,andexpresshowyouplantouseit.1.Whatwillhappenwithgraduationapproaching?A.Thank-youcardsplaytheroleofcelebration.B.Anexcellentstudentwillsurelyreceivemoregifts.C.Usuallyfewpeoplewillreceivegiftsfromothers.D.Thank-youcardscanhelpmakegift-givershappy.2.Whatdoestheauthoradviseinthesecondparagraph?A.Themomentyougetagift,yousendathank-younote.B.Itisquitedifficulttowriteagoodthank-younote.C.Itisbettertosendathank-younoteasearlyaspossible.D.Youmustrockyourbrainstocompleteathank-younote.3.Whatcanyoudowhenwritingyourthank-youmessagetoyourparents?A.Youcanexpressyourgratitudeinbrief.B.Youcanmentionwhattheyhavedoneforyou.C.Youcantellyourparentswhatyouaretodo.D.Youcanmakeapologiesforyourmistakes.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章給高中畢業(yè)生和大學(xué)畢業(yè)生提供了建議：在畢業(yè)來(lái)臨之際，需要給那些送你畢業(yè)禮物的人寫(xiě)張感謝卡片，使他們也感覺(jué)開(kāi)心快樂(lè)。文章從什么時(shí)候?qū)懜兄x卡、為什么要寫(xiě)感謝卡、做好禮物記錄、給家人的感謝這四方面提出了具體的建議?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whethergraduatingfromhighschoolorcollege,you’llneedtosendthank-youcardstoeveryonewhosendsagift.Theyprobablywon’texpectit,butaspecialcardfromyouwouldbelikelytomaketheirday.”無(wú)論是高中畢業(yè)生還是大學(xué)畢業(yè)生，你都需要給每個(gè)送禮物的人寄感謝卡。他們可能不會(huì)期待，但一張?zhí)貏e的卡片可能會(huì)讓他們快樂(lè)一整天。由此可知，隨著畢業(yè)的臨近，感謝卡能讓送禮物者感到快樂(lè)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“It’sbesttowriteathank-youcardassoonaspossibleafterreceivingagraduationgift.”可知，收到畢業(yè)禮物后，你最好能盡快寫(xiě)一張感謝卡片給對(duì)方。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Remembertothankthepeoplewhosupportedyouthemostasyoufirststeppedfootinaclassroom,stoodbyyouthroughoutyoureducation,andapplaudedallofyourachievements.Themessagetoyourfamilyshouldbeheartfeltthanksforalwaysbeingthereforyou”可知，記得要感謝那些在你第一次踏進(jìn)教室時(shí)給予你最大支持的人，那些在你整個(gè)求學(xué)過(guò)程中一直支持你的人，那些為你取得的所有成就鼓掌的人。你寫(xiě)給家人的卡片消息內(nèi)容應(yīng)當(dāng)是至誠(chéng)的感謝，因?yàn)榧胰艘恢痹谥С帜恪Ｋ援?dāng)你給父母寫(xiě)感謝信時(shí)，你可以提到他們?yōu)槟阕隽耸裁?。故選B項(xiàng)。BMygrandmotheris87yearsold.Shelovesgardening,andshehasgotahabitofnotsittingstillasshelovestodosomeworkallthetime.Once,whileworkinginthegarden,sheslippedandherthigh(大腿)bonewasbroken.MyfatherandItookhertothehospital.Afterexaminingherthedoctorsaidthatthebonewasbrokenfromthejointandthattherewasnochancethatshewouldeverwalk,evenafteranoperation.Thatwasverysadforallofus.Ilookedatmygrandmother.ShewasalsolookingatmeasifIcoulddosomethingtotreather.Shegotoperatedonthenextdayandametallicrod(桿)wasfixedinthejoint.Theoperationwassuccessful.Forthenextmonth,shedideverythingonlyinthebed.Allofustriedourbesttotakecareofher.Irememberthosenightswhenshefeltmuchpain.Onceshesaid,“Idon'twanttoliveanymore,nothingisleftnow.Iamgivingallofyoupainandgrief.”Isaid,“Youhavegotabrokenbonebutalltheotherpartsofyourbodyarefunctioningproperly.Ifyoucansit,thatwouldbeexcellentforus.”Idon'tknowexactlywhathappenedtoheraftershelistenedtomywords.Butfromthatdayon,shestoppedcomplainingcompletely.Instead,shewouldsay"IamalrightandIwillstartwalkingsoontowatermyplants."Aftertwoandahalfmonthswewenttothedoctorwhohadoperatedmygrandmother.Ienteredhisofficewithmygrandmotherandyouguessedwhat!Mygrandmotherwalkedinwithoutanyhelp.ThedoctorwasshockedwhenwatchingherwalkinglMygrandmotherblessedhimandgavehimsincerethanks.Shesaid,“Ifyouhadnotbeenthere,Icouldnothaveeverwalked.”4.Whatdidthedoctor'swordsmeaninthesecondparagraph?A.Grandmotherwasalmostimpossibletorecover.B.Hewasafraidofgrandmother'shealth.C.Grandmotherwassooldthatshewasweak.D.Heneveroperatedonsuchelderlypeople.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutgrandmotherinthethirdparagraph?A.Shebecameconfidentthatshewouldrecover.B.Shesufferedsomuchpainthatshewashopelessatthattime.C.Shewassodeterminedtohidepainandgrief.D.Shewasworriedshewouldbestuckinbedforever.6.Whatisgrandmotherlikeaccordingtothepassage?A.Wise. B.Determined. C.Out-going. D.Considerate.7Whatwouldbethedoctor'sreplytograndmother'swords?A.Ihavesuccessfullydonelotsofoperationsinmycareer.B.YourrecoveryiswhatIhaveexpectedbefore.C.Youarethefirstoneover87torecover.D.Infactyouarethetrueinspirationforme.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了祖母在摔倒受傷后，被告知不可能再走路了，感到非常痛苦，后來(lái)作者和她聊天之后，她不再抱怨了，兩個(gè)半月后，祖母可以走路了?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Afterexaminingher,thedoctorsaidthatthebonewasbrokenfromthejointandthattherewasnochancethatshewouldeverwalk,evenafteranoperation.”（在對(duì)她進(jìn)行檢查后，醫(yī)生說(shuō)她的骨頭從關(guān)節(jié)處斷了，即使手術(shù)后，她也不可能再走路了。）可知，醫(yī)生的話意味著祖母幾乎不可能康復(fù)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Idon'twanttoliveanymore,nothingisleftnow.”（我不想再活下去了，現(xiàn)在什么都沒(méi)有了。）可知，她遭受了如此多的痛苦，以至于在當(dāng)時(shí)她是沒(méi)有希望的。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“shestoppedcomplainingcompletely.Instead,shewouldsay"IamalrightandIwillstartwalkingsoontowatermyplants.”（她完全不再抱怨了。相反，她會(huì)說(shuō)：“我很好，我很快就會(huì)開(kāi)始走著給我的植物澆水?！保┖偷谖宥蝺?nèi)容可知，在病魔面前，奶奶是個(gè)很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thedoctorwasshockedwhenwatchingherwalking!”（看她走路，醫(yī)生感到很震驚。）可知，醫(yī)生很驚訝奶奶能康復(fù)，據(jù)此排除A、B兩項(xiàng)，文中沒(méi)有提到其他老人，故排除C項(xiàng)。故選D。CWastesortingisaprocedurethatinvolvestheseparationofwasteonpurposeintodifferentkindsasdefinedbythefinaluseforthewaste.Thatistosaythisseparationofwasteisusuallyaimedatdifferentends,includingforrecyclingpurposes,orevenforproducingpower.Assuch,thewastesortingcouldfallintosortslikepaper-basedmaterials,plastic-basedmaterialsandorganicmaterials.Theprocesscouldalsobestartedbyhand.Indeed,somecompaniesthatmanagewastehavesomesortsofwastesortingfacilitiesinplaceforthisaim.Anexampleofthetypeofwastesortingthatcouldbeobservedattheindividuallevelisthecommontypeincitieswherevariouswastebinsaresetoutwithclearindicationsofthetypeofwastethatshouldbeputintothem.Someofthewastebinshavepicturesindicatingthatonlypapershouldbeputintothebins,somearemeantforcigarettebutts,othersforplastics,andtherestcouldbeforanyothertypeofwaste.Also,personsathomecouldbegintheprocessofwastesortingbydividingthewasteintovariouskindsbeforetakingitout.Somecompaniesandgovernmentorganizationsevenofferincentives,suchasofferingsomemoneytoconsumersinexchangeforthembringinginusedbottlesandplastics.Somecompanieshavespecificallycreatedfacilitiesthatareonlytargetedtowardthelarge-scaleapplicationofwastesortingforthepurposeofseparatingthevariouscollectedwasteinto.Oneofthepurposesfortheapplicationofwastesortingcouldbeforthesakeofseparatingmaterialsforrecycling,suchasplasticsandpaper.Itcouldalsobefortheseparationofthewasteintothegeneralcategoriesofwetanddrywaste.Theprocesscouldalsobeforthepurposeofsortingcommercialwaste.Withtheapplication,I'msureitisbecomingeasiertoseparatewaste.8.Whatcanweknowaboutwastesorting?A.Itisaimedatproducingpaper. B.Itsprocessisstartedbyhand.C.Itskindsaredecidedbythefinaluse. D.Itsaimistorecyclewastesuccessfully.9.Whatcanhelptheresidentssortwasteeasily?A.Educatingthemtoknowcommonknowledge.B.Layingoutmarkeddustbinsintheneighborhood.C.Warningthemnottodroprubbisheverywhere.D.Indicatingonlyrecycledwastecanbecollected.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"incentives"meaninthepassage?A.Methods. B.Suggestions. C.Rewards. D.Solutions.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheapplication?A.Doubtful. B.Worried. C.Indifferent. D.Positive.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了什么是垃圾分類(lèi)，垃圾分類(lèi)可以分為紙質(zhì)材料、塑料材料和有機(jī)材料。此外，還介紹了一些方便市民進(jìn)行垃圾分類(lèi)的舉措?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Wastesortingisaprocedurethatinvolvestheseparationofwasteonpurposeintodifferentkindsasdefinedbythefinaluseforthewaste.(垃圾分類(lèi)是根據(jù)垃圾的最終用途，有意將垃圾進(jìn)行分類(lèi)的一種程序)”可知，垃圾分類(lèi)的種類(lèi)取決于最終的用途。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Anexampleofthetypeofwastesortingthatcouldbeobservedattheindividuallevelisthecommontypeincitieswherevariouswastebinsaresetoutwithclearindicationsofthetypeofwastethatshouldbeputintothem.Someofthewastebinshavepicturesindicatingthatonlypapershouldbeputintothebins,somearemeantforcigarettebutts,othersforplastics,andtherestcouldbeforanyothertypeofwaste.(在個(gè)人層面上可以觀察到的垃圾分類(lèi)的一個(gè)例子是，在城市中常見(jiàn)的一種分類(lèi)是，在不同的垃圾箱上都有明確的指示，說(shuō)明應(yīng)放入其中的廢物種類(lèi)。有些垃圾桶上的圖片標(biāo)明只能放紙，有些是煙頭，有些是塑料，剩下的可以放任何其他類(lèi)型的垃圾)”可知，在附近放置有標(biāo)記的垃圾箱可以幫助居民方便地將垃圾分類(lèi)。故選B。【10題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后文“suchasofferingsomemoneytoconsumersinexchangeforthembringinginusedbottlesandplastics”可知，比如給消費(fèi)者一些錢(qián)，以換取他們帶來(lái)舊瓶子和塑料，而用錢(qián)換可回收利用的垃圾是一種獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)措施，故畫(huà)線詞在句中表示“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”。A.Methods.方法；B.Suggestions建議；C.Rewards.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.Solutions.解決方案。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Withtheapplication,I'msureitisbecomingeasiertoseparatewaste.(有了這項(xiàng)應(yīng)用，我確信垃圾分類(lèi)會(huì)變得更容易)”可知，作者很看好這項(xiàng)應(yīng)用，持積極態(tài)度。故選D。DNewresearchsuggeststhathumanbeingsmayhavebeenpartlyresponsibleforthedisappearanceofcavebearsthousandsofyearsago,whentheplant-lovinganimalslived.SomeexpertsbelievedthatthecoolingclimateduringtheEarth'sIceAgewastoblamefortheirextinction.Scientistsreportedlastweektheyhadstudiedgeneticdatafrom59cavebears.Theirboneswererecoveredfromsevencountries:France,Germany,Italy,Poland,Serbia,SpainandSwitzerland.Fromthegeneticinformation,thescientistsnotedadecreaseinthecavebearpopulationbeginningabout50,000yearsago.ThatisaroundthetimeofthearrivalofHomosapiens,ormodernhumans,inEasternEurope.Theresearcherssaidtheyobservedasharpdropinthebears'numbersabout40,000yearsago.ThatcoincideswiththespreadofHomosapiensthroughoutEurope.Theanimalsdisappearedabout20,000yearsago.ThecavebearlivedintheIceAgeatthesametimeasothernowextinctcreatures.Thebearwasasbigasamodernpolarbear,butateonlyplants.Itappearsofteninprehistoriccavepaintings.Therehasbeenascientificdebateaboutwhatledtotheextinctionofthecavebear.Somescientistsbelievethattheclimatechangegreatlyreducedtheplantstheyneeded,whileothershaveblamedhumanactivities,includinghuntingandtakingoverthecaveswherethebearsgavebirthandsleptduringwinter.Thebear'spopulationremainedlargelyunchangedforlongperiodsbeforeclimatecooling,includingduringtwonoticeablycoldperiodsandothercoolingevents.HomosapiensappearedinAfricamorethan300,000yearsagoandlatermovedtootherareas.ThestudyofferednewevidencethatthearrivalofHomosapiensledtoruinformanykindsofanimalsacrossEurasia,theAmericasandAustralia.12.Howdidscientistsresearchoncavebears?A.Bystudyingthebonesfoundinsomecountries. B.Byobservingthepaintingsonthecavewalls.C.Bybeingtoldfromgenerationtogeneration. D.Bymakingresearchonthepolarbears.13.Whendidthecavebeardieout?A.About50,000yearsago. B.About40,000yearsago.C.About20,000yearsago. D.Morethan300,000yearsago.14.Whatcanwelearnaccordingtothefourthparagraph?A.Suddenchangeofclimatemadecavebearsdieout.B.Cavebearscouldn'tadapttocoldenvironmentasquicklyaspossible.C.Thelossofcavebears'habitatscauseddamagetotheirexistence.D.Coldperiodswereverycommonthousandsofyearsago.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HumansPerhapsPartlytoBlameforCaveBears'DisappearanceB.HomoSapiensHuntingKindsofAnimalsacrossEurasiaC.ADebateoverWhyCaveBearsSuddenlyDisaIdD.ScientistsStudiedBonesDiscoveredinSevenCountries【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。新的研究表明，人類(lèi)可能對(duì)數(shù)千年前穴居熊的消失負(fù)有部分責(zé)任。文章介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的開(kāi)展過(guò)程以及人們對(duì)這種動(dòng)物消失的各種猜測(cè)，認(rèn)為是早期人類(lèi)大量捕殺洞熊或占領(lǐng)它們的生存之地，導(dǎo)致該物種的滅絕。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Scientistsreportedlastweektheyhadstudiedgeneticdatafrom59cavebears.Theirboneswererecoveredfromsevencountries:France,Germany,Italy,Poland,Serbia,SpainandSwitzerland.(科學(xué)家上周報(bào)告說(shuō)，他們研究了59只洞熊的基因數(shù)據(jù)。它們的骨頭來(lái)自七個(gè)國(guó)家：法國(guó)、德國(guó)、意大利、波蘭、塞爾維亞、西班牙和瑞士)”可知，科學(xué)家們是通過(guò)七個(gè)國(guó)家洞熊的骨頭來(lái)對(duì)其進(jìn)行研究的，故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theanimalsdisappearedabout20,000yearsago.(這種動(dòng)物大約在兩萬(wàn)年前就消失了)”可知，洞熊于兩萬(wàn)年前消失。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Somescientistsbelievethattheclimatechangegreatlyreducedtheplantstheyneeded,whileothershaveblamedhumanactivities,includinghuntingandtakingoverthecaveswherethebearsgavebirthandsleptduringwinter.(一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，氣候變化極大地減少了它們對(duì)植物的需求，而另一些科學(xué)家則將其歸咎于人類(lèi)活動(dòng)，包括捕獵和占領(lǐng)熊在冬天分娩和睡覺(jué)的洞穴)”可知，早期人類(lèi)大量捕殺洞熊或占領(lǐng)它們的生存之地，導(dǎo)致該物種的滅絕，故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Newresearchsuggeststhathumanbeingsmayhavebeenpartlyresponsibleforthedisappearanceofcavebearsthousandsofyearsago,whentheplant-lovinganimalslived.(新的研究表明，人類(lèi)可能對(duì)數(shù)千年前穴居熊的消失負(fù)有部分責(zé)任，數(shù)千年前這種熱愛(ài)植物的動(dòng)物還存活著)”結(jié)合文章介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的開(kāi)展過(guò)程以及人們對(duì)這種動(dòng)物消失的各種猜測(cè)，認(rèn)為是早期人類(lèi)大量捕殺洞熊或占領(lǐng)它們的生存之地，導(dǎo)致該物種的滅絕。A選項(xiàng)“人類(lèi)可能要對(duì)洞穴熊的消失負(fù)部分責(zé)任”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)多余選項(xiàng)。PoorStudyHabitstest.___isanart.Manystudentsdonotknowhowtodoitproperly,though.Itseemsasiftheyarealwaysbehindschedulewhenitcomestohandinginhomework,orpreparingforatest.___16___Besides,wealsoshowstudentshowtodealwiththeseproblems.____17____Theyputofftheirtasksuntilitisalmostimpossibletodowellonthem.Therearemanywaysyoucanuse,forexample,bettertimemanagement.However,fornodelay,personalinnermotivation(動(dòng)力)ismoreimportantthanoutermotivation.tasks.____motivation,eachpersonstudiesbetterincertainplaces.Libraries,cafes,studyingroomsinschools,andmore,areoftenreferredtoasgoodplacestodevoteyourselftoyourtasks.____18____Inthisway,youcanseewhatworksbestforyourbrain.Youwillneverknowforsurewhereyoustudybestuntilyoutryoutmanydifferentlocations.Alongthesamelineswithatmosphere,youshouldknowhowtogetridofdistractions(分心tasks.___udying.Thereisnothingworsethansomethingbreakingyourflowwhenyouworkingonyourtasks.___19___Whenyoustudy,youneedtogetintoacertainmindstateandspacehelpfulforstudying.notes.____theabove,youshouldtakeneatnotes.____20____Also,youcanmemorizedatayourbrainneedstousefortests.Takinggoodnotesduringclasskeepsyoufocusedonthelearningprocessratherthanonyourfriend'sjokes,forinstance.Havinggoodattentionduringclasscanchangeyourgrade.A.Managingtimewellisofgreatimportance.B.Youcanpracticestudyinginvariousplaces.C.Thefollowingwilldiscussseveralbadstudyhabits.D.Infact,studentsneedtohavepeaceinsideandout.E.Withgreatnotes,youcanrecallinformationfromclass.F.Delayisperhapsthemostdangeroushabitstudentsdevelop.G.Studentsneedtolearntoavoiddistractionswhentheystudy.【答案】16.C17.F18.B19.D20.E【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何改變不好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣?！?6題詳解】后文的“dealwiththeseproblems”暗示了此處是問(wèn)題，也就是壞習(xí)慣。文章要討論這些不良習(xí)慣并且提供處理的方法。C項(xiàng)：Thefollowingwilldiscussseveralbadstudyhabits.（下面將討論幾個(gè)不良的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?7題詳解】后文的“Theyputofftheirtasks”中的“putoff”就是delay之意，與F項(xiàng)中的Delay相互提示。F項(xiàng)：Delayisperhapsthemostdangeroushabitstudentsdevelop.（拖延也許是學(xué)生養(yǎng)成的最危險(xiǎn)的習(xí)慣。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。18題詳解】后文的“Inthisway,youcanseewhatworksbestforyourbrain.”以及“neverknowforsurewhereyoustudybest”都是說(shuō)不同的學(xué)習(xí)地方。B項(xiàng)：Youcanpracticestudyinginvariousplaces.（你可以在不同的地方練習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?9題詳解】后文的“acertainmindstateandspace”這里建議學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)保持內(nèi)心和外在都平靜。D項(xiàng)：Infact,studentsneedtohavepeaceinsideandout.（事實(shí)上，學(xué)生需要從內(nèi)到外都保持平靜。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。【20題詳解】前文的“youshouldtakeneatnotes”暗示了此處是建議記筆記。接下來(lái)要說(shuō)記筆記的好處。E項(xiàng)：Withgreatnotes,youcanrecallinformationfromclass.（有了好的筆記，你就能回憶起課堂上的信息。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Thesummeraftermyfirstyearofcollege,Igotmyfirstjobasawaiterinarestaurant.Forme,itwasastepmovingfroma___21___childtoamoreindependentadult.Ihadnever___22___adayinmylifewhenIwasinhighschoolbecausemy____23____wantedmetofocusonstudy.Iprintedoutarecentlyupdatedresume(簡(jiǎn)歷)Ifirst___24___inmysenioryearandfilledoutdozensofapplications.Isentapplications____25____togetmyback.____upleofchoices.Igotnocallsoremailsback.____26____,halfwaythroughthethirdweek,IfinallygotacallbackfromoneoftheplacesIappliedto.Wehad____27____ameetingtime,andaftermy___28___,IwasmorethanreadytostartworkingthefollowingMonday.Whenworking,itwasvery___29___thatIwasthenewguy.Myparents_____30_____thatIwouldnotlastthefirsttwoweeks,andthatIwouldbe______31______it.Iingformorejobs.However,Istuckwithit.Imadesuretoputa_____32_____onmyfaceeverydaynomatterwhat_____33_____.Attimes,somecustomerswerealwaysaskingtospeakwithmy______34______.EverytimeIheardthat,IthoughtifIhadadollar,Iwould_____35_____workadayinmylife.However,I______36______togetthehangofthingsafteracoupleofweeks.Ialwayssuggestedthesuitable_____37_____forcustomers.Acoupleofweekslater,IhadbeentoldbythemanagerthatIhadreceivedthe______38______employeeofthemonth.Atthatmoment,IfeltlikeIhadtruly_____39_____it,andthiswasthefirstofmanyachievementsIwouldreceivewhileworking.Ittaughtmealotaboutresponsibilityandthe______40______ofinsistingonthework.21.A.free B.dependent C.naughty D.cheerful22.A.spent B.worked C.saved D.wasted23.A.friends B.relatives C.parents D.teachers24.A.wrote B.improved C.planned D.tried25.A.agreeing B.promising C.managing D.hoping26.A.Besides B.Meanwhile C.However D.Therefore27.A.setup B.putup C.takenup D.madeup28.A.contribution B.interview C.experience D.experiment29.A.lucky B.terrible C.likely D.obvious30.A.figured B.advised C.proved D.admitted31.A.unhappy B.alone C.back D.crazy32.A.flower B.sign C.note D.smile33.A.appeared B.happened C.rose D.operated34.A.manager B.partner C.roommate D.waiter35.A.only B.nearly C.never D.regularly36.A.started B.refused C.wanted D.pretended37.A.tickets B.plans C.cases D.choices38.A.friendly B.best C.hopeful D.amazing39.A.got B.had C.kept D.made40.A.truth B.power C.importance D.way【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C36.A37.D38.B39.D40.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者第一次工作(在餐館當(dāng)服務(wù)員)的經(jīng)歷，由此變得獨(dú)立并從中學(xué)會(huì)了責(zé)任和堅(jiān)持一份工作的重要性?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，這是從依靠別人邁向更加獨(dú)立的一步。A.free自由的；B.dependent依附的，依靠人的；C.naughty淘氣的；D.cheerful快樂(lè)的。from…toamoreindependentadult從…到更加獨(dú)立的成人，表示一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)變，說(shuō)明原來(lái)并不獨(dú)立，且后文的“toamoreindependentadult”暗示了此處是dependent，故選B。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我高中時(shí)一天都沒(méi)有工作過(guò)，因?yàn)槲腋改赶胍覍?zhuān)心學(xué)習(xí)。A.spent花費(fèi)，度過(guò)；B.worked工作；C.saved拯救，節(jié)約；D.wasted浪費(fèi)。上文“wantedmetofocusonstudy.”暗示作者以前從沒(méi)有工作過(guò)，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我高中時(shí)一天都沒(méi)有工作過(guò)，因?yàn)槲腋改赶胍覍?zhuān)心學(xué)習(xí)。A.friends朋友；B.relatives親戚；C.parents父母；D.teachers老師。作者之所以不夠獨(dú)立，是因?yàn)楦改赶胱屗麑?zhuān)心學(xué)習(xí)，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我打印了一份最近更新的簡(jiǎn)歷，那是我大四那年第一次寫(xiě)的，然后填了幾十份申請(qǐng)。A.wrote寫(xiě)作；B.improved改進(jìn)，提升；C.planned計(jì)劃；D.tried盡力做。根據(jù)“updatedresume”可知簡(jiǎn)歷應(yīng)該是自己寫(xiě)的，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)送了申請(qǐng)，希望第一次能有幾個(gè)選擇的機(jī)會(huì)。A.agreeing同意；B.promising保證，承諾；C.managing管理，設(shè)法；D.hoping希望。根據(jù)“getmyfirstcoupleofchoices.”可知，作者發(fā)出自己的簡(jiǎn)歷，希望得到一些工作的機(jī)會(huì)，故選D。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，第三周過(guò)了一半的時(shí)候，我終于接到了一個(gè)電話，來(lái)自我之前申請(qǐng)的地方。A.Besides除此以外；B.Meanwhile同時(shí)；C.However;D.Therefore因此。上文“Igotnocallsoremailsback.”(我沒(méi)有接到任何電話和郵件)和后文“Ifinallygotacallback”(我最終接到了一個(gè)電話。)形成轉(zhuǎn)折，因此用However，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：我們定了一個(gè)見(jiàn)面的時(shí)間。A.setup建立，設(shè)立；B.putup舉起，搭建；C.takenup占據(jù)，從事；D.madeup組成，編造。此處表示作者和用人單位定了個(gè)見(jiàn)面時(shí)間，setupatime“設(shè)定時(shí)間”，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：面試結(jié)束后，我為下周一開(kāi)始工作做好了充足的準(zhǔn)備。A.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；B.interview面試；C.experience經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)“Wehad7ameetingtime”可知，面試結(jié)束后。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在工作中，很明顯我是個(gè)新人。A.lucky幸運(yùn)的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.likely可能的；D.obvious明顯的。從上文可知作者第一次參加工作，工作中作者顯然是個(gè)新人，故選D。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我父母認(rèn)為我堅(jiān)持不到兩周，會(huì)回來(lái)繼續(xù)找工作。A.figured認(rèn)為；B.advised建議；C.proved證明；D.admitted承認(rèn)。根據(jù)“Iwouldnotlastthefirsttwoweeks,andthatIwouldbe11lookingformorejobs.”可知，作者父母認(rèn)為作者堅(jiān)持不到兩周。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我父母認(rèn)為我堅(jiān)持不到兩周，會(huì)回來(lái)繼續(xù)找工作。A.unhappy不開(kāi)心的；B.alone獨(dú)自的；C.back后面的；D.crazy瘋狂的。前面提及“Iwouldnotlastthefirsttwoweeks”可知此處是父母認(rèn)為作者會(huì)回來(lái)再找工作，beback回來(lái)，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不管發(fā)生什么，我都確保每天臉上都帶著微笑。A.flower花；B.sign標(biāo)識(shí)；C.note便條；D.smile微笑。根據(jù)前文“However,Istuckwithit.”(然而，我堅(jiān)持下去了。)可知作者每天工作的時(shí)候一定臉上掛著笑容，putasmileontheface:面帶微笑，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不管發(fā)生什么，我確保每天臉上都帶著微笑。A.appeared出現(xiàn)；B.happened發(fā)生；C.rose上升；D.operated操作。這里表示不管發(fā)生什么，作者都會(huì)面帶微笑，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)候，一些顧客總會(huì)要求和我的經(jīng)理面談。A.manager經(jīng)理；B.partner合伙人；C.roommate室友；D.waiter服務(wù)員。依據(jù)后文的“Acoupleofweekslater,Ihadbeentoldbythemanager…”中的冠詞the表示特指或第二次提及，且分析語(yǔ)境可知，此處是顧客要求找經(jīng)理，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我聽(tīng)到那樣的話時(shí)，我會(huì)想，如果我有哪怕一美元，我這輩子都不要再上班了。A.only僅僅；B.nearly幾乎；C.never絕不；D.regularly有規(guī)律地。作者每次聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有顧客找經(jīng)理理論的時(shí)候，都想著哪怕有一美元，也決不會(huì)工作，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，幾周后，我開(kāi)始掌握了一些竅門(mén)。A.started開(kāi)始；B.refused拒絕；C.wanted想要；D.pretended假裝。這里表示作者經(jīng)歷過(guò)前幾周剛開(kāi)始參加工作的郁悶后，開(kāi)始掌握了一些事情的訣竅。starttodo:開(kāi)始做,故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是給顧客提供合適他們的選擇。A.tickets票；B.plans計(jì)劃；C.cases案例；D.choices選擇。此處表示作者通常會(huì)給顧客推薦那些適合他們的選擇，故選D。【38題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周后，經(jīng)理告訴我我被評(píng)為當(dāng)月最佳員工。A.friendly友好的；B.best最好的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.amazing令人驚訝的。依據(jù)后文的“thiswasthefirstofmanyachievements”可知，此處最合理的應(yīng)該是被選為當(dāng)月最佳員工，故選B。【39題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那一刻，我感覺(jué)自己真的做到了，這是我在工作中獲得的許多成就中的第一個(gè)。A.got得到；B.had擁有；C.kept保持；D.made制造。此處表示在收獲最佳員工稱(chēng)號(hào)的時(shí)候，作者感覺(jué)自己成功了，makeit:成功，做到，故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它教會(huì)了我很多有關(guān)什么是責(zé)任以及堅(jiān)持工作的重要性。A.truth事實(shí)；B.power權(quán)利；C.importance重要性；D.way方式，方法。根據(jù)“responsibility”可知，這里指作者通過(guò)工作，學(xué)會(huì)了責(zé)任和堅(jiān)持一份工作的重要性，of:...portanceof:...的重要性。故選C。第Ⅱ卷第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Lightningisverycommonbutoneofthemostpowerfulweatherforcestohittheearth.___41___(actual),everysecondabout100lightningstrikeshit___42___surfaceoftheearth.Insomepartsoftheworld,forexampleinIndia,summerlightningstormsareverycommon.Withtherainyseason___43___(begin)there,stormsoftencovermostofthecountry'snorthernarea.LastweekinJune,theReutersnewsagency___44___(report)lightningstrikeskilledmorethan100peopleintwoareasofIndia.Ifyouareoutside,___45___(expert)sayyoushouldtakecover,___46___meansfindingasafeshelterforprotection.Duringalightningstorm,noplaceoutsideissafe.Ifyouhearthunder,lightningiscloseenoughtohityou.Mostlightningvictims(受害者)areinopenareasornearatree.Ifyouare___47___(indoor)duringalightningstorm,youcouldstillbe___48___danger.Stayoffwiredphones,computersandother____49____(equip)thatcanputyouindirectcontactwithelectricity.Avoidanyareaswithrunningwaterandstayawayfromwindowsanddoors.SpecialistsattheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionsaythathelpinglightningstrikevictimscansavetheirlives.Itissafe_____50_____(touch)alightningstrikevictim.Peoplestruckbylightningdonotcarryacharge.【答案】41.Actually42.the43.beginning44.reported45.experts46.which47.indoors48.in49.equipment50.totouch【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了雷擊這種自然現(xiàn)象，是襲擊地球最強(qiáng)大的天氣力量之一。作者還介紹了正確應(yīng)對(duì)雷雨天氣的一些辦法?！?1題詳解】考查副詞。句意：事實(shí)上，每秒鐘大約有100次閃電擊中地球表面。修飾后文整個(gè)句子應(yīng)用副詞actually，句首單詞首字母要大寫(xiě)。故填A(yù)ctually?！?2題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：事實(shí)上，每秒鐘大約有100次閃電擊中地球表面。此處特指“地球的表面”應(yīng)用定冠詞。故填the。【43題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著雨季的開(kāi)始，暴雨經(jīng)常覆蓋該國(guó)北部大部分地區(qū)。此處為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”，且therainyseason與begin構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填beginning?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：路透社報(bào)道，在6月最后一周，在印度兩個(gè)地區(qū)雷擊造成100多人死亡。report在句中作謂語(yǔ)，結(jié)合上文“LastweekinJune”可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填reported。【45題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：如果你在室外，專(zhuān)家說(shuō)你應(yīng)該找個(gè)隱蔽的地方，也就是說(shuō)找一個(gè)安全的地方來(lái)保護(hù)自己。expert為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)后文say為動(dòng)詞原形，可知主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)。故填experts?！?6題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：如果你在室外，專(zhuān)家說(shuō)你應(yīng)該找個(gè)隱蔽的地方，也就是說(shuō)找一個(gè)安全的地方來(lái)保護(hù)自己。此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾上文句子“youshouldtakecover”，且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。故填which?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：雷雨期間，如果你在室內(nèi)，你仍可能處于危險(xiǎn)之中。此處與上一段中“Ifyouareoutside”形成對(duì)比，因此需用表地點(diǎn)的副詞indoors，表示“在室內(nèi)”。故填indoors。【48題詳解】考查介詞。句意：雷雨期間，如果你在室內(nèi)，你仍可能處于危險(xiǎn)之中。結(jié)合句意表示“處于危險(xiǎn)中”可知短語(yǔ)為beindanger。故填in。【49題詳解】考查名詞。句意：遠(yuǎn)離有線電話、電腦和其他能讓你直接接觸電的設(shè)備。此處作介詞off的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞equipment，且equipment是不可數(shù)名詞。故填equipment?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：觸碰遭雷擊的受害者是安全的。此處為“itbe+adj.+不定式短語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，句中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，因此此處用不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)。故填totouch。第三部分寫(xiě)作第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；Readhasbeenanimportantpartofmylife.Aftergraduate,Istillkeepreadingbooks.Readingbooksnotonlybringmeknowledge,butalsohappiness.ThethingsIlearnfrombooksteachmyselfalotabouttheworld.Foranexample,Iknewmoreaboutsportsanddifferentculturesoftheworld.SoIknowthediversityoftheworld.Also,booksshowmethewaytosolveproblemsproper.WhenIcomeintoconflictbetweenothers,Itrytounderstandtheminsteadofarguingwiththem.Ireadaboutmanyinspiredstoriesabouthowgreatpeoplesucceed.SowhenImeetdifficulties,Itellmyselfnotgiveup,becausefailureisthemotherofsuccess.【答案】1.Read→Reading2.graduate→graduation3.bring→brings4.myself→me5.去掉an6.knew→per→properly8.between→with9.inspired→inspiring10.在not后加to【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章作者通過(guò)自己的例子講述了閱讀帶來(lái)的好處?！驹斀狻?.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。