FY2022年高一英語寒假課程（上海專用）-02應(yīng)用文閱讀+不定式用法復(fù)習(xí)+題型套餐練

02應(yīng)用文閱讀+不定式用法復(fù)習(xí)+題型套餐練

【課程目標(biāo)】

〈。專題知識：針對考試題型，進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)梳理，感悟解題方法.

〈。題型檢測：鏈接考試真題，題型組合練，能力逐個突破。

應(yīng)用文閱讀解題技巧

[方法1].先題后文法

應(yīng)用文體文章比較長，此時我們不必記住所有信息，可以先閱讀題目，帶著問題閱讀，多注意細(xì)節(jié),

如時間、地點(diǎn)、人物或數(shù)據(jù)等，簡明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章內(nèi)容。尤其是廣告文章的閱讀

一般采取跳讀、略讀等快速閱讀法，快速瀏覽信息，搜索對比。對文中信息的快速處理能力是考查

閱讀理解能力的重要方面。

【典例剖析】

Peru

Natureguidesrequiredtoleadforestwalksfortouristsandtoaccompanythemduringtheirstay

atajunglehut,workinghoursmaybeanytimebetween4a.m.and8p.m.,asthetourprogramme

requires.Applicantsshouldbefit,enthusiastic,andhaveaninterestinthenaturalworld.Asound

knowledgeofEnglishisessential.Pleasecontacttheaddressbelow:TambataJungleLodge,O.O.Box

527,Cuzco,Peru.

Italy

Staffrequiredallyearroundinourhotel—restaurantsituatedontheedgeofLake

Maggiore.PreviousexperienceisnotnecessarybutagoodlevelofEnglishorItalianishighly

desirable.Applicantsmustbehard-workingandflexible.Applicationstothepersonnelmanagerat:

GrandHotelMontana,ViaOsteria,l-28051,LakeMaggiore,Italy.

Nepal

Volunteerteachersneededtohelpteachvarioussubjectsinprimaryschoolsin

Nepal.Allmealsandaccommodationprovided.Applicantsshouldbecaring,highly-

motivated,andpreferablyhavesomesportingorartisticskills.Forfurtherinformation

contact:TheDirector,IntouchNepal,P.O.Box439,Pokhara,Nepal.

IfyoutakethejobasanatureguideinPeru,youhaveto.

A.workmorethansixteenhourseveryday

B.accompanytouristsinthejungle

C.leadforestwalksallthetime

D.havesomesportingskills

［解析］細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干，答案應(yīng)該是在第一段中的“Natureguidesrequiredloleadforestwalks

fortouristsandtoaccompanythemduringtheirstayatajunglehut”可知，在秘魯工作的自然導(dǎo)游需要陪

同游客游覽叢林，故B項(xiàng)正確。

［答案］B

[方法2].題干定位法

應(yīng)用文閱讀材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能滿足各種人對信息的需求，但在試題中，常常

是就某一點(diǎn)提問，以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，考生完全沒有必要從頭到尾全部仔細(xì)閱讀，因?yàn)椴牧现杏泻?/p>

多冗余無效信息。做此類題時，宜采用”題干定位法"，即先閱讀題干，然后根據(jù)問題要求，按照

題目順序依次有針對性地結(jié)合題干關(guān)鍵詞到文中定位答案范圍，閱讀相關(guān)部分，快速尋找有效信息，

再把原文和選項(xiàng)相比較。問題與材料相同一對號入座；問題與原文相同一同義替換、歸納事實(shí)等。

【典例剖析】

MonthlyTalksatLondonCanalMuseum

Ourmonthlytalksstartat19:30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexceptAugust.Admissionisat

normalchargesandyoudon'tneedtobook.Theyendaround21:00.

November7th

TheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanal

engineers.Hewasalsoamajorplayerintrainingothersintheartofcanalplanningandbuilding.Chris

LewiswillexplainhowBrindleymadesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly

“civilengineers^^.

December5tti

IcefortheMetropolis,byMalcolmTucker.Wellbeforethearrivaloffreezers,therewasademand

foriceforfoodpreservationandcatering,Malcolmwillexplainthehistoryofimportingnaturaliceandthe

technologyofbuildingicewells,andhowLondon'sicetradegrew.

February6th

AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals,byLizPayne.TheStroudwaterCanalismovingtowards

reopening.TheThamesandSevernCanalwilltakealittlelonger.Wewillhaveareportonthepresentstate

ofplay.

March6th

EyotsandAits-ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshasmanyislands.Mirandahas

undertakenareviewofallofthem.Shewilltellusaboutthoseofgreatestinterest.

Onlinebookings:.uk/book

Moreinfo:.uk/whatson

LondonCanalMuseum

12-13NewWharfRoad,LondonNI9RT

.ukwww.canalmuseum.mobi

Tel:02077130836

【導(dǎo)讀】這一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在倫敦運(yùn)河博物館每個月的講座安排。內(nèi)容包括講座的時

間、做講座的人以及講座的內(nèi)容簡介等。文章整體閱讀難度較低，所設(shè)題目均為考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，

只需通過關(guān)鍵詞定位可得出答案。如21題抓住關(guān)鍵詞“JamesBrindley”,22題抓住關(guān)鍵詞“February”。

23題抓住關(guān)鍵詞“Thames”。做此類閱讀理解時可以先從其問題著手，帶著問題的關(guān)鍵詞到原文中找

出相對應(yīng)的部分，然后通過對照和比較，就不難選出正確答案。

1.WhenisthetalkonJamesBrindley?

A.February6,h.B.March6th.

C.November7th.D.December5th.

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearly

canalengineers.所對應(yīng)的日期November7th.o

［答案］C

2.WhatisthetopicofthetalkinFebruary?

A.TheCanalPioneers.B.IcefortheMetropolis

C.EyotsandAits-ThamesIslandsD.AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段February6th中的第一句AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals,by

LizPayne.TheStroudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreopening.可以得出答案。

［答案］D

3.WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames.

A.MirandaVickersB.MalcolmTuckerC.ChrisLewisD.LizPayne

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段第一句EyotsandAits-ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.可知

做報告的人是MirandaVickerso

【答案】A

[方法3].選項(xiàng)排除法

排除法在應(yīng)用文閱讀中也應(yīng)用得較多，即排除與文章內(nèi)容不一致的錯誤信息，從而確定正確選項(xiàng)。

應(yīng)用文閱讀理解設(shè)題以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，因此，閱讀這類文章時，應(yīng)該在整體把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)的前提

下，主要注意細(xì)節(jié)信息。細(xì)節(jié)題的題干都是相應(yīng)原文的變形（如同義改寫、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換等），因此要找到

答案一定要找到題干在原文中的出處，再把原文和選項(xiàng)相比較。做題時，根據(jù)所提問題用尋讀、跳

讀的方法可達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。同時，在閱讀時也要特別注意文中以粗體、大寫、下劃線等方式

加以提示的文字，因?yàn)檫@很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分內(nèi)容的概括。

【典例剖析】

Horse-drawnsleighridesDogsleddingSnowmobiling

WelcometoBan工Canada'sfirst,mostfamousandarguablymostfascinatingnationalpark.Ifyou've

cometoskiorsnowboard,we'llseeyouontheslopes.Skiingisalocals5favoritetoo.

Whileyou'rehere,tryotherrecreationalactivitiesavailableinourmountains.Popularchoicesinclude

aBanffGondolarideupSulphurMountain,batheinthenaturalmineralwatersattheUpperHotSpring,

horse-drawnsleighride,drive-your-own-teamdogsledexcursion,andsnowmobiletourtothehighland

(butnotinthenationalpark).

Wealsorecommendyoumaketimetoenjoysimplepleasure.AfterlookingaroundBanffAveshops,

walkacoupleofblockswestorsouthtothescenicBowRiver.

TryiceskatingonfrozenLakeLouisewhereIceMagicInternationalIceSculptureCompetitionworks

aredisplayedafterJan25.YoucanrentskatesinBanfforatthesportshopintheFairmontChateauLake

Louisehotel.

BanfFsbackcountrypathsaccessawildernessworldofsilenceandmatchlessbeauty-crosscountry

skisandsnowshoesprovidethemeans.Banffsportshopsrentequipmentandclothes,orjoinanorganized

tour.Althoughwe'vebeenmanytimes,westillfindthecliffsandicefallsofourfrozencanyonsworth

visiting.

Wildlifewatchingalsocreatessatisfyingmemories.Wehaveseenhundredsoftheelkandbighorn

sheepthatattractvisitors,yettheystillarouseasenseofwonder.Andtherarespottingofacougar,wolfor

woodlandcariboutakesourbreathaway.

Seeifsimplepleasuresworkforyou.Fightinthesnowwithyourkids,walkbesideastreamorclimb

toahighplaceandadmiretheview.

—BanflTResortGuideEditors

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Dogsleddingisthemostpopularsportamonglocalpeople.

B.Watchingwildlifeisamemorableexperience.

C.Travellersshouldbringtheirownsportsequipment.

D.Shoppingistoosimpleapleasuretoenjoy.

【解析】主要測試細(xì)節(jié)查找。由文中第6段第一句：Wildlifewatchingalsocreatessatisfyingmemories.

可知答案c是正確的。其余的選項(xiàng)錯誤原因在答案中用紅體字標(biāo)出了。做此類試題可以采取兩頭夾

擊的方法：把選項(xiàng)之一瀏覽，正反充分利用，排除錯誤選項(xiàng)。

【答案】B

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練

ReadingComprehension

A

PacificScienceCenterGuide

?VisitPacificScienceCenter'sStore

DonTforgettostopbyPacificScienceCenter'sStorewhileyouareheretopickupawonderfulscience

activityorsouvenirtorememberyourvisit.ThestoreislocatedupstairsinBuilding3rightnexttotheLaser

Dome.

?Hungry?

Ourexhibitswillfeedyourmind,butwhataboutyourbody?Ourcafeoffersacompletemenuoflunch

andsnackoptions,inadditiontoseasonalspecials.ThecafeislocatedupstairsinBuildingIandisopen

dailyuntilonehourbeforePacificScienceCentercloses.

?RentalInformation

Lockersareavailabletostoreanybelongingsduringyourvisit.ThelockersarelocatedinBuildingInear

theInformationDeskandinBuilding3.Pushchairsandwheelchairsareavailabletorentatthe

InformationDeskandDennyWayentrance.IDrequired.

?SupportPacificScienceCenter

Since1962,PacificScienceCenterhasbeeninspiringapassionfordiscoveryandlifelonglearningin

science,mathandtechnology.Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayearand

bringsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandcommunityeventsalloverWashingtonState.It's

anamazingaccomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportfrom

individuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.Visittofindvariousways

youcansupportPacificScienceCenter.

【語篇導(dǎo)讀】：這是一篇應(yīng)用文，提供了游客去太平洋科學(xué)中心的一些參觀指南，并鼓勵游客為該

中心的發(fā)展捐款。

1.WherecanyoubuyasouveniratPacificScienceCenter?

A.InBuilding1.B.InBuilding3.

C.AttheLaserDome.D.AttheDennyWayentrance.

［解析］考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段的"ThestoreislocatedupstairsinBuilding3rightnextto

theLaserDome”可知，紀(jì)念品商店坐落于3號樓，故選B。

［答案］B

2.WhatdoesPacificScienceCenterdoforschools?

A.Trainscienceteachers.B.Distributesciencebooks.

C.Inspirescientificresearch.D.Takesciencetotheclassroom.

［解析］考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的“Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3million

peopleayearandbringsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandcommunityevents”可

知，太平洋科學(xué)中心把科學(xué)教育帶入課堂，故選D。

［答案］D

3.Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?

A.Toencouragedonations.B.Toadvertisecomingevents.

C.Tointroducespecialexhibits.D.TotellabouttheCenter'shistory.

［解析］考查目的意圖。根據(jù)最后一段的標(biāo)題“SupportPacificScienceCenter”和“Visit

pacificsciencecentenorgtofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter”可知，本段旨在

鼓勵人們?yōu)樘窖罂茖W(xué)中心的發(fā)展捐款。

［答案］A

B

Washington,D.C.BicycleTours

CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

DurationTour

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseeaworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowers

ofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonuments

wheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—thecherryblossoms——disappear!

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration^hours(4miles)

JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.Explore

themonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateach

stop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,D.C.

Durationshours

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingto

experienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertain

erestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikes

andasmoothtourroutemakecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.

WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration^hours(7miles)

JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.Getup

closetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyourbikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.

Frequentstopsaremadefbrphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.lourincludesbike,

helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.

【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇廣告應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了騎自行車到Washington,D.C.旅游的四中路線的

相關(guān)行程及注意事項(xiàng)。

4.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?

A.CherryBlossomlikeTourinWashington,D.C.

B.WashingtoncapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.

C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

［解析I細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.中的Reserveyourspot

beforeavailability—thecherryblossoms―disappear!可知，這個騎行項(xiàng)目需要提前預(yù)定。

［答案］A

5.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?

A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.

C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.

［解析］細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章CapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,D.C,中的Knowledgeableguides

willentertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.

可知，在這個活動中，可以享受有趣的故事。

［答案］D

6.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?

A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.MealsD.Safetylights

［解析］根據(jù)文章WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour中的Allridersareequippedwith

reflectivevestsandsafetylights.可知，所有騎行者需要裝備反光背心和安全手電筒。

［答案］D

C

WelcometoHolkerHall&Gardens

VisitorInformation

HowtoGettoHolker

ByCar：FollowbrownsignsanA590fromJB6,M6.Approximaletraveltimes:Windermere-20minutes,

Kendal-25minutes,Lancaster-45minutes,Manchester-Ihour30minutes.

ByRail:TheneareststationisCark-in-CartmelwithtrainstoCarnforth,LancasterPrestonfbrconnections

tomajorcities&aiiports.

OpeningTimes

Sunday-Friday(closedonSaturday)11:00am-4:00pm,30March-2ndNovember.

AdmissionCharges

Hall&GardensGardens

Adults:￡12.00￡8.00

Groups￡9￡5.5

Producers:

Market13thApril

Joinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipe

ideas.

HolkerGardenFestival30thMay

Theeventcelebrateits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,makingitoneof

themostpopulareventsingardening.

NationalGardenDay28thAugust

Holkeronceagainopensisgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakea

tourwithourgardenguide.

WinterMarket8thNovember

Thisisaneventfbrallthefamily.Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggifswhileenjoyingalivemusic

showandnicestreetentertainment.

【語篇導(dǎo)讀】文章為旅游指南。文章主要介紹了去HolkerHall&Garden旅游的相關(guān)信息，如：出

行方式，開放時間，旅行費(fèi)用以及主要活動等。

7.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?

A.20minutes.B.25minutes.C.45minutes.D.90minutes.

［解析］D.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段HowtoGettoHolker中Bycar里Approximatetraveltimes后面內(nèi)

容可知，從Manchester至UHolker要用1hourand30minutes,即90分鐘，故選Do

8.HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppaytovisittoHall&Cardens?

A.￡12.00.B.￡9.00.C.￡8.0D.￡5.50

［解析］B.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)AdmissionCharges可知，團(tuán)體中的一員去Hall&Gardens需要支付9英

鎊。9.Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow?

A.Producers1Market.B.HolkerGardenFestival.

C.NationalGardenDay.D.WinterMarket.

I解析］D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段WinterMarket中最后一句Wanderamongavarietyof

shopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.可知，如果想去看現(xiàn)

場表演需要去WinterMarketo

Thevalue-packed,all-inclusive

GSydneysight-seeingpackagethat

國建，combinesthebestofSydney's

harbour,city,bayandbeach

highlights.

ASydneyPassgivesyouunlimitedandflexibletravelontheExplorerBuses:the'red'SydneyExplorer

showsyouaroundourexcitingcitysightswhilethe'blue1BondiExplorervisitsSydneyHarbourbaysand

famousbeaches.Taketothewaterononeofthreemagnificentdailyharbourcruises（游船）.Youcanalso

travelfreeonregularSydneyBuses,SydneyFerriesorCityRailservices（limitedarea）,soyoucangoto

everycornerofthisbeautifulcity.

ImaginebrowsingatDarlingHarbour,samplingthefamousseafoodatWatsonsBayorenjoyingthe

citylightsonaneveningferrycruise.ThepossibilitiesandplansareendlesswithaSydneyPass.Wherever

youdecidetogo,rememberthatbookingsarenotrequiredonanyofourservicessoticketsaretreatedona

firstin,firstseatedbasis.

SydneyPassesareavailablefor3,5Or7daysforuseovera7calendardayperiod.Witha3or5day

passyouchooseonwhichdaysoutofthe7youwanttouseit.AllSydneyPassesincludeafreeAirport

Expressinwardtripbeforestartingyour3,5Or7days,andThereturntripisvalid（育效的）for2months

fromthefirstdayyourticketwasused.

SydneyPassFares

AdultChild*Family**

3dayticket$90$45$225

5dayticket$120$60$300

7dayticket$140$70$350

*Achildisdefinedasanyonefromtheagesof4yearstounder?6years.Childrenunder4yearstravel

free.

**Afamilyisdefinedas2adultsandanynumberofchildrenfrom4tounder16yearsofagefromthe

samefamily.

10.ASydneyPassdoesn7tofferunlimitedrideson

A.theExplorerBusesB.theharbourcruises

C.regularSydneyBusesD.CityRailservices

［解析］D.根據(jù)第一段最后一行判斷出正確答案，學(xué)生可能由于沒有找準(zhǔn)原文當(dāng)中相應(yīng)的句子而出

錯。

11.WithaSydneyPass,atravellercan.

A.savefaresfromandtotheairportB.taketheSydneyExplorertobeaches

C.enjoythefamousseafoodforfreeD.reserveseatseasilyinarestaurant

［解析］A,根據(jù)文章第三段的第二行和第三行得出正確答案，學(xué)生可能看見文章當(dāng)中的專有名詞過

多，覺得專有名詞不用理解，而忽略這些專有名詞附近的句子.

12.If5-dayticketsweretoberecommendedtoamotherwhotravelledwithhercolleagueandherchildren,

aged3,6and10,whatwouldthelowestcostbe?

A.$225.B.$300.C.$360.D.$420.

［解析］c.根據(jù)表格下面第一段得知四歲以下小孩兒免費(fèi)，根據(jù)表格里的價錢得知兩個大人的錢和

兩個小孩兒的錢，所以應(yīng)該是120+120+60+60=360,故答案為C,學(xué)生可能沒有注意看表格下面帶

星號的內(nèi)容而選錯，也可能沒看清楚題干說是要最少的成本而選錯。

不定式用法復(fù)習(xí)

一、不定式的形式

主動形式被動形式

時態(tài)

一般式todotobedone

完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone

進(jìn)行式tobedoing

完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeendoing

1.完成式

不定式的一般形式所表示的動作，通常與主要謂語表示的動作（狀態(tài)）同時（或幾乎同時）發(fā)生，或

是在它之后發(fā)生.假如不定式所表示的動作，在謂語所表示的動作（狀態(tài)）之前發(fā)生，就要用不定式的

完成式.

Iamgladtohaveseenyourmother（=IamgladIhaveseenyourmother）.

（比較:Iamgladtoseeyou.）

Heissaidtohavewrittenanewbookaboutworkers.

Hepretendednottohaveseenme.

2.進(jìn)行式

如果主要謂語表示的動作（狀態(tài)）發(fā)生時，不定式表示的動作正在進(jìn)行，這時要用不定式的進(jìn)行

式.

Youarenotsupposedtobeworking.Youhaven'tquiterecoveredyet.

Wedidn'texpectyoutobewaitingforushere.

Hepretendedtobelisteningattentively.

3.完成進(jìn)行式

在謂語所表示的時間之前一直進(jìn)行的動作，就要用不定式的完成進(jìn)行式.

Thestrugglewasknowntohavebeengoingfortwentyyears.

Wearehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou.

4.被動式

當(dāng)不定式的邏輯上的主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者時，不定式一般要用被動形式.

Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere.

Shehatedtobeflattered.

Hewantedthelettertobetypedatonce.

二、不定式的用法

1.不定式作主語

（例】Itisnotunusualforworkersinthatregion.

A）tobepaidmorethanamonthlaterB）tobepaidlaterthanmoreamonth

C）topaylaterthanamonthmoreD）topaylatermorethanamonth

it在句中作形式主語。而不定式tobepaidmorethanamonth是句子的邏輯主語。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)全

句的意思是：“那個地方的工人一個多月后才得到工資是常有的事”，答案是A）。

餐著式罐霞

大部分動詞可加不定式做賓語。如：Weareplanningtobuildareservoirhere.

【例】ThereisamanatthereceptiondeskwhoseemsveryangryandIthinkhemeanstrouble.

A）makingB）tomakeC）tohavemadeD）havingmade

動詞mean在本句中的意思是“打算”，后面只能接動詞不定式做賓語。所以答案是B）tomake。

動詞mean后面接名詞和動名詞時，意思是“表示……的意思、意味著“，所以選項(xiàng)A和D錯誤。

注意：

（1）.只能以不定式作賓語，而不能以動名詞作賓語的動詞有：

（"希望'’干）wish,hope,expect,long,desire;

（早"打算"）plan,mean,prepare,attempt,intend;

（"同意""否"）agree,consent,refuse,decline;

（"尋問"看）seek,ask,beg;

（“選”“定”了）choose,decide,determine,promise;

（“盡，"咱愿"）manage,volunteer,tend;

（“稱”“失敗"）claim,fail;

（"敢""裝蒜"）dare,pretend

（2）.可用于“動詞+it+形容詞/名詞+todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞有feel,find,make,think,believe,

consider等。

(3).以動詞不定式作賓語的形容詞有happy,glad,pleased,sure,ready,anxious,eager,free,

afraid,willing等。

(4).有些介詞后也可以不定式作賓語，如介詞but,about,except,save等。

★必背：常見帶to的動詞：

afford擔(dān)得起want想要aim目標(biāo)是appear好像claim宣稱decide決定

desire渴求determine決心fail不能happen碰巧hesitate猶豫agree同意

intend打算choose選擇prefer寧愿expect期待manage設(shè)法offer主動愿意

pretend假裝promise答應(yīng)attempt嘗試refuse拒絕seek尋求plan計(jì)戈ij

3.不定式做補(bǔ)足語

補(bǔ)語用于補(bǔ)充說明主語或賓語。

(1)不定式做主語補(bǔ)足語

［例］TheancientEgyptiansaresupposedrocketstothemoon.

A)tosendB)tobesendingC)tohavesentD)tohavebeensending

在本句中，句首表示時間概念的ancient表明不定式動作在句子謂語動作之前，不定式要用完成

式，因而答案是C)。在本句中，該不定式完成式tohavesent作主語補(bǔ)足語。

(2)不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語

【例】Theyaregoingtohavetheservicemananelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.

A)installB)toinstallC)tobeinstalledD)installed

全句的意思是：“他們準(zhǔn)備讓服務(wù)人員明天在辦公室里裝一臺電扇"havesb.dosth.”句型的主

動語態(tài)，因此，have后接不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，所以答案是A)install。

4.不定式作表語

不定式作表語，表示目的、結(jié)果、同意、命令、安排、決定、勸告等意義。

[例J]Oneofourmaintasksnowistomechanizeagriculture.

5.不定式做定語

很多名詞后可接不定式做定語，如ability,ambition,anxiety,attempt,campaign,chance,courage,

decision,determination,drive(動力)，lendency,wish,anything,anyone,everything,everyone,nothing,no

one,something,someone等。這類名詞通常表示抽象概念，后面用動詞不定式做定語，表示該名詞

的具體內(nèi)容。

[例1]Couldyoufindsomeone?

A)formetoplaytenniswithB)formetoplaytennisC)playtenniswithD)playingtennis

請你找個人來和我打網(wǎng)球。答案是A。

[例2]ThepressurecausesAmericanstobeenergetic,butitalsoputsthemunderaconstant

emotionalstrain.

A)tocompeteC)tobecompetedB)competingD)havingcompeted

結(jié)合選項(xiàng)看，全句的意思是：”競爭的壓力使美國人精力充沛，但也使他們的精神始終處于緊張

狀態(tài)?！泵~pressure后應(yīng)加不定式做定語，說明"pressure”的內(nèi)容。

6.不定式作狀語

不定式作狀語主要表目的、結(jié)果和原因。

【例】Theystoodbytheroadsidetotalkabouttheplan.他們站在路邊為的是談?wù)撨@個計(jì)劃。(目的)

Hisfamilywastoopoortosupporthim.他的家庭太窮，不能維持他的生活。(結(jié)果)

Wearegladtohearthenews.我們很高興聽到這消息。(原因)

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練

一、語法單句填空

1.ButIdecided(give)themanothertrybecauseI'minLondon.

2.Youarenotallowed(stayout)lateatnight.

3.Aredlightisawarningtodriversandstaffthatanothertrainisdangerouslycloseandthatadjustments

need(make).

4.Manyfarmersinthecountrysidehavegonetocitiestolookforworkandlefttheirchildrenbehind

bytheirgrandparents,(raise)

5.(earn)enoughmoney,theyfinallycouldmovefromtheirtwo-bedroomhometoa

seven-bedroomhomeinarichneighborhood.

6.Thelittlegirlshowednoanxietybeforethecompetition.Sheseemed(prepare)foritpretty

well.

7.Theplan(accomplish)by2022willexpandthecity'stelephonenetworktocoverasmany

usersaspossible.

8.The“magicalapple",whichwewishnottobethelastone(fascinate)us,hasinspiredthe

imaginationandpassionofmillionsofpeople.

9.Thefluisbelieved(cause)byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannose

andthroat.

10.Althoughparentsseem(give)goodadvicetotheirsonsanddaughters,theirkidshavemarked

thempoorlyonbeinggoodrolemodelswhenitcomestodealingwithlife'sdifficulties.

答案：

I.togive2.tostayout3.tobemade4.toberaised5.Toearn

6.tohaveprepared7.tobegiving8tobeaccomplished9.tofascinate

IO.tobecaused

二、語法篇章填空

Speedingoffinastolencar,thethiefthinkshehasgotagreatcatch.Butheisgoingtoexperience_l_

unwelcomesurprise.Thecarisfittedwitharemoteimmobilizer(鎖止器),andaradiosignalfromacontrol

centermilesawaywillensurethat_2_thethiefswitchestheengineoff,hewillnotbeabletostartitagain.

Theideagoeslikethis.Acontrolboxfittedtothecarcontainsamini-cellphone,amicroprocessorand

memory,andaGPS(全球定位系統(tǒng))satellitepositioningreceiver.Ifthecarisstolen,acodedcellphone

signalwilltellthecontrolcentertoblockthevehicle'senginemanagementsystemandpreventthe

engine_3_beingrestarted.

IntheUK,asetoftechnicalfixesisalreadymakinglifeharderforcarthieves."Thepatternofvehicle

crimehaschanged,usaysMartynRandall,asecurityexpert.Hesays_4_wouldonlytakehimafewminutes

toteachapersonhowtostealacar,usingabareminimumoftools.Butonlyifthecarismorethan10years

old.

Moderncarsaremuch_5_(lough)tosteal,_6_theirenginemanagementcomputerwonlallowthemto

startunlesstheyreceiveauniqueIDcodebeamedoutbytheignition(點(diǎn)火)key.IntheUK,technologies

likethis_7_achievea31%dropinvehicle-relatedcrimesince1997.

Butdeterminedcriminalsarestillmanagingtofindotherwaystostealcars,oftenbygettingholdof

theowner'skeys.Andkeytheftisresponsiblefor40%ofthetheftsofvehiclesfittedwith

a_8_(track)system.

Ifthecartravels100metreswithoutthedriverconfirmingtheirID,thesystemwillsendasignaltoan

operationscentre_9_ithasbeenstolen.Thehundredmetresminimumavoidsfalsealarmsdueto

inaccuraciesintheGPSsignal.

Staffatthecentrewillthencontacttheowner_10_thatthecarreallyismissing,andkeeppolice

informedofthevehicle'smov