江西省九江市石化中學高二英語期末試卷含解析

江西省九江市石化中學高二英語期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindowforsomefreshair?－_______

A.Whynot? B.Yes,helpyourself.

C.Goahead,please. D.Yes,butyou’dbetternot.參考答案：C2.Who______itbethathasn’thandeditinyesterday.

It_______beBob.Hehandeditinyesterday.

A.can;mustn’t

B.must;can

C.can;can’t

D.may;mustn’t參考答案：C3.Canyouclimbthattree,myboy?

________?A.I

B.Myself

C.Mine

D.Me參考答案：D4.Theoldmanmade______clearthathewouldretiresoon.

A.that

B.this

C.it

D.them參考答案：C5.Canyouimaginewhatproblemmay_____whenhumanbeingsarecloned?A.raise

B.cause

C.arise

D.lead參考答案：C6.Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps________formthelibrary.A.toborrow

B.tobeborrowed

C.borrowed

D.borrowing參考答案：C7.Nosoonerhadthespaceshipbeen_____intospacethanitexploded,killingallthecrewmembers_____.A.putup…aboard

B.launched…onboard

C.sentup…ontheboard

D.takenoff…onboard參考答案：B8.Ihave

onmyconsciencethatImayhaveoffendedyoulastnight?A．this

B．that

C．those

D．it

參考答案：D9.HowIwishtheSpringFestivalGalain2014__________manymoreviewersthanbefore.A.willattract

B.couldappealto

Chadabsorbed

D.wouldappearto參考答案：B10.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark________youhaveaquestion.A.atwhich B.where C.theplacewhere

D.theplaceatwhich參考答案：B11.Thewritinghaslostitcolor1throughtheyears____itisimpossibletoreadthepage.A.eventhoughB.asifC.inorderthatD.sothat參考答案：D12.

—Idon'tbelievethatJohncanrememberwhattherobberwaslike．—You'requitewrong.lknowitwasdark.buthe

therobber'sface—I'msureofit！A．hadseen

B．wasseeing

C．didsee

D．wouldsee參考答案：C13.OneoftheEnglishteachersKateeventually__________herprojecttotheschoolboardfortheirapprovalofthespeechcontest.A.admitted

B.permitted

C.submitted

D.recommend參考答案：C14.SeparatedfromEuropeanmainland,Britainis

dependentonimportsforitsrawmaterials.

A.poorly

B.hardly

C.likely

D.heavily參考答案：D15.Throughouttheyearovertwomillionpeopleareexpectedtodirectly___Japan2005,aseriesoffestivalsandperformancestakingplacearoundthe

country.

A.visit

B.participatein

C.involve

D.cometo參考答案：B略16.．Whilestudying,fixyourmindonwhatisreallyimportant,oryouwill_____

rememberingnothing.

A．endup

B．takeup

C．leadto

D．resultfrom參考答案：A17.—AreyougoingtoTom’sbirthdayparty?—_____.Imighthavetowork.A.Itdepends

B.Thankyou

C.Soundgreat

D.Don’tmentionit參考答案：A18.IforgetwhereIreadthearticle,orI_______ittoyounow.

A.wouldshowB.willshow

C.amtoshow

D.amshowing參考答案：A略二、填空19.對比填空decrease，reduce①Theworkerswantto________thenumberofworkinghoursandincreasepay.②Shegreatly________thespeedoftheship,fortherewasdangeriftravelledtooquickly.參考答案：①decrease②reduced20.Arecentstudypointsoutaso-called“gender-equalityparadox(性別平等悖論)”:therearemorewomeninSTEM(science,technology,engineering,mathematics)incountrieswithlowergenderequality.Whydowomenmakeup40percentofengineeringmajorsinJordan,butonly34percentinSwedenand19percentintheU.S.?TheresearcherssuggestthatwomenarejustlessinterestedinSTEM,andwhenliberalWesterncountriesletthemchoosefreely,theyfreelychoosedifferentfields.Wedisagree.Fromcradletoclassroom,awealthofresearchshowsthattheenvironmenthasamajorinfluenceongirls’interestandabilityinmathandscience.Earlyinschool,teachers,unconsciousprejudicepushgirlsawayfromSTEM.Bytheirpreteenyears,girlsoutperformboysinscienceclassandreportequalinterestinthesubject,butparentsthinkthatscienceisharderandlessinterestingfortheirdaughtersthantheirsons,andthesemisunderstandingspredicttheirchildren’scareerchoices.Laterinlife,womengetlesscreditthanmenforthesamemathperformance.WhenfemaleSTEMmajorswritetopotentialPhDadvisors,theyarelesslikelytogetaresponse.WhenSTEMprofessorsreviewapplicationsforresearchpositions,theyarelesslikelytohire“Jennifer”than“John,”evenwhenbothapplicationsareotherwiseidentical—andiftheydohire“Jennifer,”theypayher$4,000less.ThesefindingsmakeitclearthatwomeninWesterncountriesarenotfreelyexpressingtheirlackof“interest”inSTEM.Infact,culturalattitudesanddiscriminationareshapingwomen’sinterestsinawaythatisanythingbutfree,eveninotherwisefreecountries.“Gender-equalityparadox”researchmissesthosesocialfactorsbecauseitreliesonabroadmeasureofequalitycalledtheGenderGapIndex(GGI),whichtracksindicatorssuchaswagedifference,governmentrepresentationandhealthoutcomes.Theseareimportantmarkersofprogress,butifwewanttoexplainsomethingascomplicatedasgenderrepresentationinSTEM,wehavetolookintopeople’sheads.Fortunately,wehavewaystodothat.TheImplicitAssociationTest(IAT)isawell-validatedtoolformeasuringhowtightlytwoconceptsaretiedtogetherinpeople’sminds.ThepsychologistBrianNosekandhiscolleaguesanalyzedover500,000responsestoaversionoftheIATthatmeasuresmentalassociationsbetweenmen/womenandscience,andcomparedresultsfrom34countries.Acrosstheworld,peopleassociatedsciencemorestronglywithmenthanwithwomen.Butsurprisingly,thesegenderedassociationswerestrongerinsupposedlyegalitarian(主張平等的)SwedenthantheywereintheU.S.,andthemostpro-femalescorescamefromJordan.Were-analyzedthestudy’sdataandfoundthattheGGI’sassessmentofoverallgenderequalityofacountryhasnothingtodowiththatcountry’sscoresonthescienceIAT.ThatmeanstheGGIfailstoaccountforculturalattitudestowardwomeninscienceandthecomplicatedmixofhistoryandculturethatformsthoseattitudes.ComparisonArecentstudyTheauthor’sideaOpinions“Gender-equalityparadox”___71___fromthepersonalreasonthatwomenarelessinterestedinSTEM.Theenvironmentincludingculturalattitudesanddiscriminationis___72___women’sinterests.Facts___73___withJordanandSweden,Americahadtheleastpercentageofwomenmajoringinengineering.?Earlyinschool:Girlsperform___74___thanboysinscience.?Laterinlife:FemaleSTEMmajorsaremorelikelytobe___75___bypotentialPhDadvisors.ToolsItis___76___onGGI.IAT___77___howtightlytwoconceptsaretiedtogetherinpeople’sminds.FindingsWomeninliberalWesterncountriestendto___78___STEM.?TheGGFsassessmentofoverallgenderequalityisnot___79___tothatcountry’sscoresonthescienceIAT.?TheGGIcan’t____80____people’sculturalattitudestowardswomeninscience,whichareformedbyamixofhistoryandculture.

參考答案：71.results/comes/originates/arises

72.influencing/shaping/affecting/determining

73.Compared

74.better

75.rejected/refused

76.based/built/reliant

77.measures

78.avoid

79.related

80.explain本文為議論文。本文主要介紹了在STEM（科學、技術(shù)、工程、數(shù)學）領(lǐng)域為何女性少于男性進行了論證。大量的研究表明，這是因為環(huán)境、文化態(tài)度及歧視影響了女孩的興趣。71.考查綜合判斷能力及固定搭配。本文主要講述最近的研究及作者對“性別平等悖論”的看法。分析整個文章可知，從個人原因來看，女性對STEM的興趣不大的原因很多，即由于不同的原因造成女性對STEM不感興趣。都由“因為，由于”，故可填results/comes/originates/arises，72.考查綜合判斷。分析Theenvironmentincludingculturalattitudesanddiscriminationis___2___women’sinterests可知，本句中缺少謂語動詞的一部分。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“awealthofresearchshowsthattheenvironmenthasamajorinfluenceongirls’interest”….Infact,culturalattitudesanddiscriminationareshapingwomen’sinterestsinaway（大量的研究表明，環(huán)境、文化態(tài)度及歧視對女孩的興趣有很大的影響）。文中說環(huán)境影響了女孩的興題，haveaninflence與動詞inflence意思相同。因此，本空可填動詞“影響或決定”，可用influence/shape/affect/determine，但本題前有系動詞is，可知要用進行時，故填influencing/shaping/affecting/determining。73.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)第一段中的incountrieswithlowergenderequality.Whydowomenmakeup40percentofengineeringmajorsinJordan,butonly34percentinSwedenand19percentintheU.S.?TheresearcherssuggestthatwomenarejustlessinterestedinSTEM,可知，約旦女性占工程專業(yè)的40%，而瑞典只有34%，美國占19%。因此與約旦和瑞典相比，美國女性對STEM的興趣比較小。分析__3___withJordanandSweden,Americahadtheleastpercentageofwomenmajoringinengineering.可知，本處填固定搭配，comparedwith…，“與…相比”。故填compared。74.考查綜合分析能力。分析Earlyinschool:Girlsperform___4___thanboysinscience.與本句相符。根據(jù)第空后的than可知，本句為比較級。第三段中的Earlyinschool,teachers,unconsciousprejudicepushgirlsawayfromSTEM.Bytheirpreteenyears,girlsoutperformboysinscienceclassandreportequalinterestinthesubject（在學校的早期，教師，無意識的偏見推動女孩遠離STEM。到了接近青春期的時候，女孩們在科學課上表現(xiàn)得比男生好，并且對這門課也有同樣的興趣。）句中的outperform，意為“做得比…更好，勝過”，其同義詞為“betterthan”，因此第4題應(yīng)該填better。75.考查綜合能力。分析句子Laterinlife:FemaleSTEMmajorsaremorelikelytobe___5rejected/refused___bypotentialPhDadvisors.可知，文中的Laterinlife,womengetlesscreditthanmenforthesamemathperformance.WhenfemaleSTEMmajorswritetopotentialPhDadvisors,theyarelesslikelytogetaresponse.可知，在以后的生活中，女性在數(shù)學成績上得到的表揚比男性少。當做STEM專業(yè)的女性學生寫信給潛在的博士顧問時，她們不太可能得到回應(yīng)。由此可判斷不回應(yīng)即被他們拒絕（reject/refuse），根據(jù)第5題后的___bypotentialPhDadvisors.可知要用過去分詞，故填rejected/refused。76.考查固定搭配。分析Itis___6___onGGI.可知第六段第一句“Gender-equalityparadox”researchmissesthosesocialfactorsbecauseitreliesonabroadmeasureofequalitycalledtheGenderGapIndex(GGI),“性別平等悖論”研究忽視了這些社會因素，因為它依賴于一種被稱為性別差距指數(shù)（GGI）的寬泛衡量標準。依賴于GGI，即以GGI為基礎(chǔ)。“以…為基礎(chǔ)”，與“bebasedon/berelianton/bebuilton”是同義詞組。因此第6小題可填based/built/reliant。77.考查動詞。分析IAT___7___howtightlytwoconceptsaretiedtogetherinpeople’sminds，根據(jù)第七段中的第二句“TheImplicitAssociationTest(IAT)isawell-validatedtoolformeasuringhowtightlytwoconceptsaretiedtogetherinpeople’sminds.”IAT是一種很好的工具，用于測量兩個概念在人們的頭腦中緊密聯(lián)系在一起的程度。即IAT測量（measure）兩個概念如何緊密結(jié)合在人們的頭腦中。而第7小題中正是缺少謂語動詞，故填measures。78.考查綜合分析能力。分析WomeninliberalWesterncountriestendto___

8___STEM.

Avoid，根據(jù)第四段第三句“WhenSTEMprofessorsreviewapplicationsforresearchpositions,theyarelesslikelytohire“Jennifer”than“John,””STEM教授看研究職位的申請時，他們更有可能雇用“約翰”（男性的標志）不太可能雇傭“珍妮佛”（女性的標志）。由此可判斷出是女性避免（avoid）選擇STEM。因此第8小題，根據(jù)tendto可知，要用動詞原形avoid。79.考查固定搭配。分析TheGGFsassessmentofoverallgenderequalityisnot___9___tothatcountry’sscoresonthescienceIAT.可知，本句與第八段最后一句“Were-analyzedthestudy’sdataandfoundthattheGGI’sassessmentofoverallgenderequalityofacountryhasnothingtodowiththatcountry’sscoresonthescienceIAT.”我們重新分析了該研究的數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)GGI對一個國家的總體性別平等的評價與該國在科學IAT上的得分無關(guān)。havenothingtodowith…為固定搭配，意為“與….無關(guān)”，與benotrelatedto…（意為“與….無關(guān)”）是同義詞組，由此可知第9題要填related。80.考查固定搭配。分析TheGGIcan’t___10___people’sculturalattitudestowardswomeninscience,whichareformedbyamixofhistoryandculture，根據(jù)最后一段ThatmeanstheGGIfailstoaccountforculturalattitudestowardwomeninscienceandthecomplicatedmixofhistoryandculturethatformsthoseattitudes.這意味著GGI未能解釋科學界對女性的文化態(tài)度和形成這些態(tài)度的歷史和文化的復(fù)雜混合。failstoaccountforculturalattitudes未能對這種文化態(tài)度及形成做出解釋，failstoaccountfor和can’texplain.是同義詞組，故本空填explain。三、閱讀理解21.Australianshavebeenwarnedtheyfacealifeordeathdecisionovertheirwater——drinkrecycledsewage(污水)ordie.Withthedrought(干旱)continuing,thecountryissettobeforcedtousepurifiedwastewaterfordrinking,evenifthereisgreatoppositiontothemeasureQueenslandhasbecomethefirststatetointroducethepolicyafterawarningfromitspremier.“Ithinkintheend,becauseofthedrought,

allofAustraliaisgoingtoendupdrinkingrecycledpurifiedwater,”saidformerPremierPeterBeattie.“Thesearedifficultdecisions,butyoueitherdrinkwateroryoudie.There’snochoice.It’sliquidgold,itamatteroflifeanddeath.”BeattiesaidAustralia’ssecondlargeststatewouldbecomethefirsttouserecycledwaterfordrinking.WaterisrecycledinBritainandpartsofnorthernEuropealongwiththeUSandIsrael．ButAustralianshaveneverlikedtheidea．TotrytochangethewayAustraliansthink,JohnHoward

and

EnvironmentMinisterMalcolmTurnbullhaveSupportedQueensland’smove.“IamverystronglyforrecyclingandMrBeattieisrightandIagreewithhimcompletely,”Howardsaid．“Australiancities,allnowfacingwatershortagesbecauseoftheworstdroughtonrecord,muststarttouserecycledwater,”addedTurnbull.“Allofourbigcitieshavetowidentherangeofwatersourcestoincludesourceswhicharenotdependentonrainfall.”36.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Australiansfacethechoiceoflifeanddeath．B.ContinuingdroughtforcesAustralianstodrinkrecycledsewage．C.MrBeattieisworriedabouthispeople’shealth．D.Weshouldavoiddrinkingrecycledwatertokeephealthy．37.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.ThedroughtistheworstoneinthedroughtsrecordedinAustralianhistory．B.Australia’slargeststatehasbecomethefirststatetointroducethepolicy．C.NoothercountriesbutAustraliadecidestodrinkrecycledwater．D.Nobodydisagreestotheideaofdrinkingrecycledpurifiedwater．38.ItcanbeinferredfromwhatPeterBeattiesaidthat_________.A.hegivesorderstodrinkpurifiedwastewater.B.ifthedecisionismade,peoplewon'tsurvivethedroughtC.itispainfulforhimtoseehispeopledrinkrecycledsewageD.it'suptoyoutomakealifeordeathdecision參考答案：BAC22.DearReader，TodayIamgoingtoaskyoutosupportWikipediawithadonation.Wikipediaisbuiltdifferentlyfromalmosteveryothertop50website.Wehaveasmallnumberofpaidstaff，justtwenty-three.Wikipediacontentisfreetousebyanyoneforanypurpose.Ourannualexpensesarelessthansixmilliondollars.Wikipediaisrunbythenon-profitWikimediaFoundation，whichIfoundedin2003.Wikipediaisdrivenbyaglobalcommunityofmorethan150,000volunteers—alldevotedtosharingknowledgefreely.Overalmosteightyears，thesevolunteers

have

contributed

more

than11millionarticlesin265languages.Morethan275millionpeoplecometoourwebsiteeverymonthtoaccessinformation，freeofchargeandfreeofadvertising.ButWikipediaismorethanawebsite.Weshareacommoncause：Imagineaworldinwhicheverysinglepersonontheplanetisgivenfreeaccesstothesumofallhumanknowledge.That’sourcommitment.Yourdonationhelpsusinseveralways.Mostimportantly，youwillhelpuscovertheincreasingcostofmanagingglobaltraffictooneofthemostpopularwebsitesontheInternet.FundsalsohelpusimprovethesoftwarethatrunsWikipedia—makingiteasiertosearch，easiertoread，andeasiertowritefor.Wearecommittedtoincreasing