江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市陵口中學(xué)高二英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市陵口中學(xué)高二英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Mr.John,_______managerofthecompany,saidthatweshouldkeep_______positiveattitudetowardsourwork.

A.the,∕

B.a,a

C.the,a

D.／,a參考答案：D2.Itisoftenrecommendedthatchildren________chancestogetclosetonature.A．a(chǎn)reoffered

B．beoffered

C．shouldoffer

D．mustbeoffered參考答案：B略3.It’s_______togetasatisfyingjobinthecompetitivesociety,soeachofusshouldvaluewhatwe’vegot.

A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something參考答案：D4.Atlast,IshouldthankMr.Whiteforthe_______ofspeakinghereandforensuringmesuchanattentiveaudience.A.prejudice B.privilege

C.ambition D.favor參考答案：B5.Thegovernmentofficialsmadeaquickreaction_______thenewsoftheearthquake.A.havingheard

B.heard

C.beingheard

D.onhearing參考答案：D6.Thegirlwroteacompositionwithout___.A.ask

B.asking

C.beingasked

D.tobeasked參考答案：C7.

Thenewtechnologywillmake______possibletogrowfoodwithverylittlewater.A.it

B.itis

C.that

D.thatis

參考答案：A8.Youmadethesamemistakefor_____secondtime,dropping_____“r”intheword“preferred”.A.a,the

B.a,a

C.the,an

D.a,an參考答案：d略9.Whenitwashisturntodeliverhisspeech，________，hewalkedtowardsthemicrophone.A．nervouslyandembarrassinglyB．nervousandembarrassedlyC．nervouslyandembarrassingD．nervousandembarrassed參考答案：D略10.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Have

yougotanyidea______thepartyistobeheld?A.what

B.which

C.that

D.where參考答案：D11.LastnightMrCrookdidn’tcomebackattheusualtime.,hemetsomefriendsandstayedoutuntilmidnight.

A.Meanwhile B.HoweverC.Instead D.Yet參考答案：C提示:句意:克羅克先生昨晚沒有按時(shí)回家,而是見幾個(gè)朋友待到半夜才回來。由此可知應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。meanwhile意為“同時(shí)”,相當(dāng)于atthesametime;however“無論怎么”;yet“然而,但是”,用于表示轉(zhuǎn)折。這三者都不符合語境。instead“然而,取而代之”。故選C項(xiàng)。

12.Shewassleepingintheroomwiththewindow______.

A.close

B.closed

C.closing

D.toclose參考答案：B13.

Ihavehadmybike_____,andI’mgoingtohavesomebody_____myradiotomorrow.A.repair;torepair

B.repairing;toberepairedC.repaired;repair

D.torepair;repairing參考答案：C14.Women_____drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_____don’t.A.who,/

B./,who

C.who,who

D./,/參考答案：C15.–DoyouknowAnna’stelephonenumber?--____.Asamatteroffact,Idon’tknowanyAnna,either.

A.Ithinkso

B.I’mafraidnot

C.Ihopeso

D.I’drathernot參考答案：B16.Herisked__________hisjobtoseemeoff.A.Losing

B.torisk

C.beinglost

D.Lost參考答案：A17.---DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?---________Ifeelabitcold.A.Ofcoursenot.

B.I’dratheryoudidn’t.C.Goahead.

D.Whynot?參考答案：B試題分析：考查交際用語。A當(dāng)然不；B我寧愿你不要這樣做；C去做吧；D為什么不？句意：—你介意我打開窗戶嗎？—我寧愿你不要這樣做。我感覺有點(diǎn)冷。根據(jù)Ifeelabitcold.說明我不愿意你打開窗戶，故B正確。18.—Canyoucometomybirthdaypartytonight?

—I’dloveto,butI______onapatientat6o’clock.

A.willoperate

B.amoperating

C.willbeoperating

D.willhaveoperated參考答案：C二、填空19.Ifyouwanttoimproveyour___56______,you’dbetter_57_______(listen)toBBCEnglishwhichispart_____58_____theBBCWorldService.Itbroadcastsallkindsofprogrammes,such____59___difficultgrammarpoints,lifeinBritain,differences____60_______writtenandspokenEnglishand__61____on.Itiseasyforyoutofindoutsomeinformation______62_____theprogrammes.YoujustneedtowritetoBBCEnglish___63_____askforit.

InChinathereare___64_______EnglishprogrammeslikeFollowMeonTV_____65_____ontheradio.Theyareusuallyeasytoreceiveandunderstandandtheyareveryusefultoyou.參考答案：56.English

57.listen

58.of

59.as

60.between

61.so

62.about

63.and

64.also

65.or

20.請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞。請將答案寫在答題紙上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。Iloveindoorplants;Ireallydo—butyouwouldneverknowitbylookingatmytrackrecordwiththem.Iamalwayskillingsucculents.Idecidedtoconsultanexpertonthematter.I’vegrowntiredofkillingplants.Itshouldn’tberocketscience,butmaybe,tosome,itis.Asittumsout,succulentsarenotaslow-maintenanceasthey’reoftenmarketedtoseem,butthey’renotimpossibletocarefor,either.Here’swhatI’velearnedafteraskingagardenshopstaffathousandandonequestions.HOWTOAVOIDKILLINGYOURSUCCULENTS1.Useloose“cactus（仙人掌）”soil.Succulentsneedtodrainwell.Theywon’tsurviveinsandorrock,andsomeothersoilsholdtoomuchmoisture.Youcanpurchasecactuspottingsoilfromyourlocalgardenshop.Stickwiththatstuff.2.Exposeittoreasonablesun,shade,andtemperaturesAllplantsneedsunshine(rememberphotosynthesis（光合作用）,justvaryinglevelsofit.Succulentsareflexible,buttheywon’tdowellindarknessorinswelteringdirectsun.Movingthesucculentinandoutofreasonablelevelsofsunlightwillhelpitthrive.3.Don’tover-water.Asarookielikeme,apersonlackinginexperience,thiswasdefinitelyoneofmymistakes-toomuchTLC(TenderLoveCaring).Theproblemis,noonecanreallytellyouhowoftentowateryoursucculent;youhavetomonitorityourself.Dependingonyourclimate,thesoilwilldryoutatvaryingspeeds.Wateronlywhenthesoilhascompletelydriedfromthepreviouswatering.Succulentswon’tquicklydieforlackofwater,buttheydoneedit.Allowingthewatertodraincompletelythroughthesoilisthebestwaytoavoidrootrot.Otherwise,amistingbottlecanbehelpfultoregulatewaterquantities.4.“Plantfood”isnotajoke.Iusedtothinkthat“plantfood”wasjustamarketingploy（營銷手段）.It’snot.Sincetheseplantsaren’tgrowingintheirnaturalhabitats,theycan’tabsorbthenutrients(e.g,calcium)thattheynaturallyneed.Cactus/succulentfoodischeapandwilllastalongtime;youonlyneedonedropforeverygallonofwater.5.Givethemaircirculation.Contrarytopopularbelief,succulentswon'tthriveinaclosedcontainer(likeaterrariumwithalid).Theyneedair.6.Theyneedroomtogrow.Littlesucculentsarecuteandcheap,butthey’llstaythatsizeunlessyouoccasionallyrepotthem.Somesucculentscangrowtobeovertenfeettall,whileotherswillcomfortablygrowwithinafootortwo.Occasionallyrepottingthemmightmeanre-creatingaprettyarrangement,butitwillhelptheplantslivelonger.Unlessthedirtisalreadydamp,givethesucculentssomewaterbeforerepotting.Thenewpottingsoilwillbeprettydry,sotheextrawaterwillspreadout.Bestoflucky,everyone!Mayyouhaveabeautifulwindowsillwithsucculentsthatthrive!TitleHowtoAvoidKillingYourSucculentsIntroduction___70___succulentsshouldn’tberocketscience,butI____71____tokilltheseindoorplants.___72___tosucculentsuccessSucculentsoilhastobeabletosupporttheplantphysically,holdalittlemoistureyet____73____perfectlyextrawater.___74___tosunlightatareasonablelevel,succulentsgrowinabetterway.Rookies,whoare____75____,mustremember:Don’twateruntilthesoilhascompletelydriedfromthepreviouswatering.Succulentsneedtobefertilizedbutinsmall____76____.Thatair____77____isrequiredforindoorsucculents.___78___cancontributetothehealthygrowthofsucculents.Mayyouhaveabeautifulwindowsilldecoratedwithsucculents____79____well.

參考答案：70.Growing/Planting

71.tend

72.Approaches/Keys

73.drain

74.Exposed

75.inexperienced

76.quantities

77.circulates

78.Room/Repotting

79.grown/developed本文是一篇說明文，作者所養(yǎng)的多肉經(jīng)常死掉，因此向?qū)＜艺埥甜B(yǎng)殖技術(shù)，文章中介紹了六條養(yǎng)殖多肉植物的有效建議?！?0題詳解】考查句意理解。根據(jù)文章前兩段可知我種植的多肉經(jīng)常死掉，對我來說種植多肉就像是火箭科學(xué)一樣，實(shí)際上種植多肉并不是那么難，但是我卻經(jīng)常把它們養(yǎng)死。本句使用動(dòng)名詞growing/plantingsucculents在句中做主語。所以要填Growing/Planting?！?1題詳解】考查同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Iamalwayskillingsucculents.可知我經(jīng)常會(huì)把多肉植物養(yǎng)死，所以本句使用短語tendtodosth傾向于做某事；表示我經(jīng)常會(huì)這樣做。使用要填tend?！?2題詳解】考查歸納總結(jié)。根據(jù)串聯(lián)句“HOWTOAVOIDKILLINGYOURSUCCULENTS”可知下文6點(diǎn)都是作者提出的避免多肉植物死掉的具體方法，所以要填A(yù)pproaches/Keys?！?3題詳解】考查句意轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第三條建議倒數(shù)第二句Allowingthewatertodraincompletelythroughthesoilisthebestwaytoavoidrootrot.讓水從土壤里排出去是避免根部爛掉的最好方法。本句要填drain，表示要把多余的水排出去。所以要填drain?！?4題詳解】考查句意轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第二條建議Exposeittoreasonablesun,shade,andtemperatures可知作者建議我們讓多肉植物接觸適量的陽光，使用分詞exposed在句中做狀語。所以要填Exposed?！?5題詳解】考查同義轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第三條建議第一句Asarookielikeme,apersonlackinginexperience可知Rookie指缺少經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人。所以本句使用形容詞inexperienced。所以要填inexperienced?！?6題詳解】考查同義轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第四條建議可知植物的肥料并不是玩笑，植物的確需要肥料。根據(jù)本段最后兩句Cactus/succulentfoodischeapandwilllastalongtime;youonlyneedonedropforeverygallonofwater.可知多肉植物的肥料很便宜，而且使用量很小，所以要填quantities。【77題詳解】考查同義轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)建議5Givethemaircirculation可知要讓空氣循環(huán)，多肉需要新鮮空氣。小題8是一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，主語air的后面要接謂語動(dòng)詞，所以要填circulates。【78題詳解】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Occasionallyrepottingthemmightmeanre-creatingaprettyarrangement,butitwillhelptheplantslivelonger.可知移植多肉可以幫助它生長得更好。表格里需要使用動(dòng)名詞做主語，所以要填Room/Repotting?！?9題詳解】歸納總結(jié)。如果多肉被種植得很好，我們的窗臺就會(huì)被裝飾得非常漂亮。句中介詞with的賓語succulents與動(dòng)詞grow/develop構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，使用過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語。所以要填grown/developed。三、閱讀理解21.Astechnologydevelops,schoolstudentswhoareoffclassmayhavenofearoftoomuchabsencefromclass.Asmallrobotmayhelpthosechildrenrecoveringfromalong-termillnessesinthehospitalorathome.Thesechildrenmayfeelisolatedfromtheirfriendsandclassmates.Therobottakestheirplaceatschool.Throughtherobot,thechildrencanheartheirteachersandfriends.Theyalsocantakepartinclassfromwherevertheyarerecovering.Anyonewhohashadalongtermillnessknowsthatrecoveringathomecanbelonely.Thiscanbeespeciallytrueofchildren.Theymayfeelleftout.Nowthesechildrenmayhaveahigh-techfriendtofeellessalone.Andthatfriendisarobot.TherobotiscalledAV1.AV1goestoschoolforachildwhoisathomewhilerecoveringfromalong-termillness.Andthechild’sschoolfriendsmusthelp.Theycarrytherobotbetweenclassesandplacetherobotonthechild’sdesk.ANorwegiancompanycalledNoisolationcreatedtherobot.Theco-foundersofNoIsolationareKarenDolvaandMariusAabel.DolvaexplainshowtherobotAV1works.Shesays,fromhome,thechildusesatabletorphonetostarttherobot.Thentheyusethesamedevice（設(shè)備）tocontroltherobot’smovements.Atschool,therobotbecomestheeyes,earsandvoiceofthechild.Thechildcantakepartinclassroomactivitiesfromwherevershe/heisrecovering-whetherathomeorfromahospitalbed.Therobotisequippedwithspeakers,microphonesandcamerasmakecommunicatingeasy.9.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“isolated”?A.tobedifficulttodealwith

B.tobeawayfromC.tobeunhappyorfeelsorrow

D.tobehopeful10.WhatcanweknowaboutAV1?A.Itcangotoschoolonitsown.

B.Itissmallandlookslikeakid.C.Itcanreplacechildrentoattendclasses.

D.ItwascreatedbyDolvaandAabel.11.HowarethemovementsofAV1controlled?A.Byusingatabletorphone.

B.Byjoininginclassroomactivities.C.Throughasmallspeaker.

D.Throughasmallcamera.參考答案：9.C

10.C

11.A本文屬于說明文，介紹挪威一家公司研發(fā)的機(jī)器人可以幫助那些需要長期住院或在家休養(yǎng)的孩子。【9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文可知,小機(jī)器人是用來幫助那些需要長期住院或在家休養(yǎng)的孩子,這些孩子不能去上學(xué),因此與他們的朋友和同學(xué)隔離開,故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的AV1goestoschoolforachildwhoisathomewhilerecoveringfromalong-termillness.可知,機(jī)器人代替孩子去上學(xué),故選C?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的DolvaexplainshowtherobotAV1works.Shesays,fromhome,thechildusesatabletorphonetostarttherobot.可知,孩子用平板電腦或電話來啟動(dòng)機(jī)器人，故選A。22.AlphaZero--anUpdatedModelofAISoonafterGarryKasparov,theformerworldchesschampion,losthisrematchagainstIBM’sDeepBluein1997,theshortwindowofhuman-machinechesscompetitionslammedshutforever.Unlikehumans,machineskeepgettingfaster,andtodayasmartphonechessappcanbestrongerthanDeepBlue.However,aspeopleseewiththenewAlphaZerosystem,machinedominancehasnotendedthehistoricalroleofchessasalaboratoryofcognition.Muchasairplanesdon’tflaptheirwingslikebirds,machinesdon’tproducechessmoveslikehumansdo.Basedonagenericalgorithm(算法),AlphaZeroincorporatesdeeplearningandotherAItechniqueslikeMonteCarlotreesearchtoplayagainstitselftodevelopitsownchessknowledge.UnlikethetraditionalprogramStockfish,whichemploysmanypresetevaluationfunctionsaswellasopeningandendgamemoves,AlphaZerostartsoutknowingonlytherulesofchess,withnopresethumanstrategies.Inafewhours,itplaysmoregamesagainstitselfthanhavebeenrecordedinhumanchesshistory.Itteachesitselfthebestwaytoplay,reevaluatingthevaluesofthepieces.Itquicklybecomesstrongenoughtowin28,draw72,andlosenoneinavictoryoverStockfish.SinceAlphaZerocanprogramitself,thissuperiorunderstandingallowsittooutclasstheworld’stoptraditionalprogramdespitecalculatingfarfewerpositionspersecond.It’sthetypicalexampleofthecliché,“worksmarter,notharder”.AlphaZeroshowsthatmachinescanbetheexperts,notmerelyexperttools.Explainabilityisstillanissue—it’snotgoingtoputchesscoachesoutofbusinessjustyet.Buttheknowledgeitproducesisinformationhumanscanlearnfrom.AlphaZeroissurpassinghumansinaprofoundandusefulway,andresearchersareworkingontransferringtheknowledgeacquiredfromAlphaZerotootherfields.Machinelearningsystemsaren’tperfect.Eventhoughgreatprogresseshavebeenachieved,AIalgorithmsarestillstrugglingonopenproblemssuchascomputervision,naturallanguageunderstanding...TherewillbecaseswhereanAIwillfailtodetectexceptionstoitsrules.Therefore,asKasparovwrites,“Wemustworktogethertocombineourstrengths.Iknowbetterthanmostpeoplewhatit’sliketocompeteagainstamachine.Insteadofragingagainstthem,it’sbetterifwe’reallonthesameside.”Questions1-5:Judgeifthefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.ChooseAforTRUEifthestatementsagreewithit;chooseBforFALSEifthestatementsdon’tagreewithit;chooseCforNOTGIVENiftheinformationthestatementscarryisnotmentionedanywhereinthepassage.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容判斷下列表述。如果表述與文章內(nèi)容一致，選A項(xiàng)；表述與文章內(nèi)容不一致，選B項(xiàng)；文章中未提及的信息，則選C項(xiàng)。Questions6-9:ChoosethecorrectheadingsforParagraphs1-4fromthebox.Notethattherearetwochoicesmorethanyouneed.請為文章的四段匹配小標(biāo)題，從A—F中選擇。（提示：6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中有2項(xiàng)是多余的）A.TheproperattitudetoAIB.ThehistoryofAlphaZeroC.ThelimitationsofmachinesD.TheinfluencesofAlphaZeroE.TheworkingtheoryofAlphaZeroF.Thefastdevelopmentofmachines36.Machinedominanceplaysanimportantroleincognitionstudy.37.AlphaZeroknowsopeningandendgamemovesbeforeplaying.38.AlphaZerodevelopschessstrategiesbyplayingagainstitself.39.Chesscoacheshavealreadybeenlaidoffthroughouttheworld.40.Sometimesartificialintelligencemaynotdiscoverexceptionstoitsrules.41.Paragraph142.Paragraph243.Paragraph344.Paragraph445.Theauthorusestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphto______.A.arguefortheadvantagesofAIoverhumansB.informreadersofmachinedominanceinchessC.advisepeopletoworktogethertofightagainstAID.callonpeoplet