2018-2019年江蘇省南京市鼓樓區(qū)金陵匯文中學(xué)八年級上學(xué)期開學(xué)考英語試卷(含答案和解析)

2018-2019學(xué)年江蘇省南京市鼓樓區(qū)金陵匯文中學(xué)八年級上學(xué)期開學(xué)考英語試卷二、單項(xiàng)填空(共10小題;每題1分,滿分10分)請仔細(xì)閱讀以下各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出岀最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡大將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1.Sheisonly11-year-oldgirl,sheknowsnothingaboutworld.A.a;anB.an;aC./;theD.an;the【答案】D【解析】由于11:eleven發(fā)元音，所從前面應(yīng)當(dāng)用不定冠詞an。World特又名詞，只有一個(gè)世界，前要加the，因此本題選D。2.--sleepdoyouthinkisnecessaryforateenager?--8hoursatleast.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowmanyD.Howmuch【答案】D【解析】依據(jù)題意，問題問--你感覺對青少年來說需要多少睡眠？--最少8小時(shí)。問的是睡眠的多少，因此在howmany、howmuch里面選擇，而sleep不行數(shù)要用much，因此本題選D。3.-Excuseme,mayIuseyourbicycle?isbroken.-Certainly.Butremembertoreturnitbeforelunch.A.IB.MeC.MyselfD.Mine【答案】D【解析】空白處缺乏句子主語成分，要用名詞性物主代詞mine“我的”代指前文提到的bicycle，我的自行車用mine，因此本題選D。4.--isitfromyourhometothesupermarket?--Onlytenminutes'walk.A.HowmanyB.HowoftenC.howlongD.Howfar【答案】D【解析】依據(jù)回答推問題?；卮鹫f只需10分鐘的行程，問題應(yīng)當(dāng)是問有多遠(yuǎn)，用howfar。howoften問的是頻次多久一次，howlong問的是時(shí)間有多長。因此本題選D。5.--Whereisyourschoollibrary?--Ourschoollibraryisthewestoftheschool,thesouthofmyclassroom.A.to;toB.in;inC.on;toD.in;to【答案】D【解析】第一個(gè)空，在學(xué)校內(nèi)的西面，是學(xué)校的一部分，在學(xué)校里的方向用inthewestof;第二個(gè)空在教室的南面，不在教室里而在外面，用to，因此本題選D。6.Themoonlightgoesthewindowandmakestheroombright.A.acrossB.throughC.overD.in【答案】B【解析】本題察看介詞。月光穿過窗戶照亮了房間，月光是從窗戶內(nèi)部穿過，要用through。而across是從物體表面穿過，因此本題選B。greatfunwehadatthepartylastnight!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa【答案】A【解析】察看惋惜句。fun是不行數(shù)名詞，因此本題選A。8.Mommakesmeeatanappleadaythedoctoraway.A.keepsB.iskeptC.tokeepD.keeping【答案】C【解析】句意：媽媽讓我每日吃個(gè)蘋果“來”遠(yuǎn)離醫(yī)生。表示目的用todo，因此本題選C。9.Samlivesinaflatwithfloorsandhelivesonthefloor.A.six;sixB.sixth;sixthC.six;sixthD.sixth;six【答案】C【解析】第一個(gè)空但是表達(dá)有幾層樓，用基數(shù)詞six就行。后一空說他住在第六層，要用序數(shù)詞sixth，所以本題選C。10.Thereaboxandtwopencilsonthedeskyesterday.A.isB.wasC.areD.were【答案】B【解析】therebe句型的就近原則，要按照“遠(yuǎn)親不如近鄰”的原則。本題去時(shí)，因此本題選B。

"be"后的主語是由and連結(jié)的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞，那么be的形式be離abox近，用單數(shù)。此后邊yesterday表示此句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)當(dāng)為一般過11.--Thefollowingwordsallhave“–ed”endings.Whichofthe“–ed”d/?endingsmakesasound/IAstartedB.lovedC.playedD.kicked【答案】A【解析】A:started/'stɑ?tId/;B:loved發(fā)音/l?vd/;C:played發(fā)音[ple?d];D:kicked發(fā)音[kikt]，因此本題選A。12.Aliceisveryhelpful.IsawhertheoldcleantheirhouseswhenIpassedbytheotherday,A.helpB.helpsC.helpedD.helping【答案】D【解析】seesb.do重申看到的事實(shí)，看到的全過程。seesb.doing表示動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性，句意：“當(dāng)我經(jīng)過的時(shí)候我看到他”我看到他正在做什么，重申"我見他正幫助老人干活"這個(gè)動(dòng)作。因此本題選D。--I’mleavingfortheexam.Bye-bye,Mum.--Well,haveagoodtime.Makesureyouget___ready.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing【答案】C【解析】句意：保證每件事都準(zhǔn)備好了，每件事除去nothing。此句是一定句，不是疑問句也不能否認(rèn)句排除anything，something，填everything正確。因此本題選C。14.Weareforwardtoyouagain.A.looking;seeingB.looking;seeC.looks;toseeingD.looking;tosee【答案】A【解析】第一個(gè)空be后動(dòng)詞+ing，除去C。lookforwardtodoing固定搭配，因此本題選A。15.Ionly$10forthedress,becausetheygavemespecialprice.A.costB.tookC.spentD.paid【答案】D【解析】句子有for，可搭配的payfor。句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，因此本題選D。16.--Goodnews!Johnisgoingtoteachus.Hecandraw3-Dpictureswithchalk.--Isthattrue?Maybehehasteachingskillstomakeourclassinteresting.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle【答案】B【解析】skills是可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，用few搭配，除去CD選項(xiàng)。句意:真的嗎？也許他有一點(diǎn)教課技巧可以讓我們的課風(fēng)趣一些。這里說的有技巧而不是一點(diǎn)都沒有，用afew。因此本題選B。17.Don’teatfoodinyourbedroom.ThefoodsmellssoAntscansmellthingsandtheywillcomesoon.A.well;wellB.good;wellC.good;goodD.well;good【答案】B【解析】smell：形容聞起來香用smellgood，形容聞這個(gè)動(dòng)作用smellwell搭配。因此本題選B。18.Anoteonthetable“I’llbebackinabout2hours.”A.writesB.speakC.talksD.says【答案】D【解析】凡是書上、卡片上、標(biāo)記牌上寫著什么,都用read或是say，因此本題選D。19.InanEnglishdictionary(詞典),whichofthefourwordscomesfirst?A.mobileB.sunnyC.pictureD.remember【答案】A【解析】詞典里詞的排序按首字母A-Z的字母表排序，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中m排在最前面，因此本題選A。20."Rat"rhymeswith"cat".Whichwordrhymeswith"much"?A.hideB.barkC.endD.touch【答案】D【解析】much發(fā)音much/m?t?/，A選項(xiàng)hide發(fā)音/ha?d/，B選項(xiàng)bark發(fā)音/bɑ?k/，C選項(xiàng)end發(fā)音/end/，D選項(xiàng)touch發(fā)音/t?t?/。touch與much押韻，因此本題選D。三.完形填空（共10小題：每小分，滿分10分）It'snevertoooldtorun.ThisisquitetrueforanoldmannamedRay.Hejustfinished75marathons（馬拉）in75daysattheageof75.It（記’錄sa)record(1)______canbelieve!Raywantedtoraise5,000￡foraschoolwhichhelpschildrenwithspecial(2)______,Sohedecidedtorunthemarathons.Hebeganhischallenge(挑戰(zhàn))inJuly(3)______his75thbirthday.Atfirst,the(4)______manjustfinishedmostofhismarathonsinandaroundhishometown.Thenhe(5)______allovertheworldtofinishall75marathons.Raywasasportsmanwhenhewasyoung.Healsoranabigcompanybefore.Duringthemarathons,heneed(6)______tokeepfit.Buthedidn’rytneedaboutothatwor.Ray’sdaughterisgoodatcooking.Shecookeddeliciousandhealthyfoodforhimforthe(7)______challenge.WhenRayfinishedhis(8)______marathon,heseemedtobeinquitegoodcondition（狀態(tài)優(yōu)秀).Hewasveryhappy.Buthesaid,“Insomeway.Idon’twantittoend.1(9)______whatIamgoingtodonext“ItwasawonderfultimewhenIgavesomethingtoschools.IfIcanhelp,thattoolatetorunand(10)______.

’sallIruly,wantit.’”sneverT1.A.somebodyB.nobodyC.everybodyD.anybody2.A.needsB.petsC.talksD.studies3.A.inB.atC.onD.of4.A.75yearsoldB.75-years-oldC.75yearoldD.75-year-old5.A.walkedB.flewC.droveD.swam6.A.foodB.waterC.energyD.time7.A.wholeB.excitingC.carefulD.dangerous8.A.nextB.firstC.allD.last9.A.checkB.wonderC.designD.agree10.A.hopeB.raiseC.exerciseD.help【參照答案】BACDBCADBD【思路解析】1.據(jù)句意“這個(gè)一個(gè)沒人相信的記錄”，選B.2.依據(jù)句意“Ray想為有特別需要的孩子的學(xué)校召募5000英鎊”，選A.3.依據(jù)句意“在他75歲的誕辰”，選C.4.依據(jù)句意“那個(gè)75歲的老人剛達(dá)成他大部分的馬拉松”，選D.5.依據(jù)句意“他飛往全球各地達(dá)成所有75個(gè)馬拉松”，選B.6.依據(jù)下文可知“他需要能量來保持健康”，選C.7.依據(jù)句意“在整個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)中，她為他烹調(diào)美味健康的食品”，選A.8.依據(jù)句意“當(dāng)他達(dá)成了他最后一次馬拉松，他憂如狀態(tài)優(yōu)秀”，選D.9.依據(jù)句意“我想知道我接下來將做什么”，選B.10.依據(jù)句意“事實(shí)上，再晚跑步，幫助都不算晚”，選D.四、詞匯與句型（每題1分，共20分））依據(jù)句意及漢語提示，寫出所缺單詞。1.Tokyoisthe_______（國都）ofJapan.2.Myfatherworksasan________(工程師）inabigcompany.3.Peopleshouldsharetheir________（技術(shù)，技巧）andhelpeachother.4.Wetookthe_______（處弱的）cattotheanimalcentre.5.Theairis________(新鮮的)here.6.Themonkeysjumparoundandmakepeople_______(笑).Mycousinoftengetsuplate,soheoften________(趕忙)toschool.8.He________(點(diǎn)頭）withasmilewhenIaskedhimtogowithme.9.Manyofthecatstodaydon'tcatch_______（老鼠）anymore.10.Mysisterisoldenoughtolookafter_______（她自己).【參照答案】capital;engineer;skills;weak;fresh;laugh;hurries;nodded;mice;herself【思路解析】1.本題察看“國都”的拼寫，填capital.2.本題察看“工程師”的拼寫，填engineer.3本題察看“技術(shù)，技巧”的拼寫，注意填復(fù)數(shù)，填skills.4.本題察看“衰弱的”的拼寫，填weak.5.本題察看“新鮮的”的拼寫，填fresh.6.本題察看“笑”的拼寫，填laugh.7.本題察看“趕忙”的拼寫，注意用三單，填hurries.8.本題察看“點(diǎn)頭”的拼寫，注意用過去式，填nodded.9.本題察看“老鼠”的拼寫，注意需要用復(fù)數(shù)，填mice.10.本題察看“她自己”的拼寫，填herself.B）用所給詞的正確形式填空Atlasthedecided_______(play)withus.Iwassurprised______(know)thatitwasonlyadream.Walk______(cross)thestreet,andyouwillfindthebookshop.-Whynot______(visit)ourlocalmuseumtolearnitshistorytomorrow?-That’sagoodidea.Therearealwaysmany______(visit)inBeijing.Shelivesonthe______(twenty)floor.MilliegoestotheReadingClub______(two)amonth.There______(be)somemilk,breadandchocolatesinthefridge.Theclassroomisso______(noise).Icanthearwhattheteacherissaying.Howlongdoesittake______(get)tothecenterofBeijingbyunderground?【參照答案】toplay;toknow;across;visit;visitors;twentieth;twice;is;noisy;toget;【思路解析】1.察看固定搭配。decidetodo表示決定做某事，填toplay。2.察看固定搭配。besurprisedtodo表示做某事很吃驚，填toknow。察看固定搭配。walkacross表示走過。4.察看固定搭配。whynotdo表示為何不做某事，填原型。察看名詞。依據(jù)句意嗎，這邊應(yīng)當(dāng)填visitors，注意拼寫。察看序數(shù)詞。這邊住在第二十樓，填twentieth。察看固定搭配。一月兩次，填twice。8.察看therebe句型，后邊是milk不行數(shù)，填is。察看形容詞，喧華的填noisy。察看句型ittakes+人+時(shí)間+todo，因此填toget。C)句型變換Mydreamhouseisbigandbeautiful.（劃線發(fā)問）______yourdreamhouse______?2.Sheisn’toldenough.Shecan’ttakecare．（合of并herself為一句）Sheis_________________takecareofherself.3.Howamazingthefactis!（同義句）____________amazingfactitis!Rickycouldplaythepianowhenhewassixyearsold.（同義句）Rickywas______toplaythepianoatthe______ofsix.5.hot,rubbish,not,do,bin,anything,put,into,the(.)（連詞成句）______________________________________________________【參照答案】What’slike;tooyoungto;Whatan;able,age;Donotputanythinghotintotherubbishbin.【思路解析】1.察看特別疑問句。問道某物怎么樣，用what’slike發(fā)問。2.同義句變換。她不是足夠的年長來照料她自己，即她太年青了而不可以照料自己，填tooyoungtodo。察看惋惜句。what+（a/an）+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語。察看同義短語。could=beableto，attheageof代表“···歲”。依據(jù)句意“請不要將任何熱的動(dòng)詞放入垃圾桶”。D）依據(jù)所給中文，達(dá)成以下句子她從那此后就改變了飲食習(xí)慣。Shehaschangedthehabitofdiet________________________.Jenny足夠強(qiáng)壯能挪動(dòng)那個(gè)重箱子。Jennyisstrong__________________theheavybox.我們可以為希望工程召募款項(xiàng)。Wecan___________________ProjectHope.她從不擔(dān)憂由于我們把她照料得好。Sheneverworriesbecausewe__________________________.我們希望著趕忙收到你們的來信。Welookforwardto_____________________soon.【參照答案】sincethen;enoughtocarry;raisemoneyfor;takegoodcareofher;hearingfromyou;【思路解析】從“那此后”是sincethen.足“夠強(qiáng)壯做某事”是strongenoughtodosth.。3.捐“款”是raisemoneyfor。4.照“顧得好”是takegoodcareof。5.收“到來信”是hearfromsb.。注意lookforwardto后邊加現(xiàn)在分詞。五、任務(wù)型閱讀（10’）Doyouknowhowtokeepfishathome?Thefishneedroom(空間).Theymustnotbecrowded（擁堵）.Fishneedoxygen(氧氣).Fishgetitfromwaterinthetank.Theremustbeenoughwaterforallfishinthetank.Sothesizeofthetankisimportant.Inthetankmanypeopleputsmallplants.Theygiveoxygentothewater.Plantshelpinotherways,too.Fishcannibble(輕咬)ontheplants.Theyhideintheplantsandsleep,layeggsthere.Boththeplantsandfishneedlight.Youcanputitnearawindow.Itwillgetlightthere.Butremember:awindowmayletcoldairin.Thecoldcankill(殺死)yourfish.Toohotwatercankillyourfish,too.Thefishneedfoodandyoushouldfeedthemeveryday.Givingthemtoomuchfoodisbad.Itwillmakethewaterdirty.However,thefishshouldgetjustenoughfood.Theyshouldfinishthefoodin10minutes.Noextra(節(jié)余)isleft.Whenthishappens,theamount(數(shù)目)offoodisright.Howtokeepfishathome（1）______ReasonsFishneedenoughroombecausetheywillbe1.The(2)___ofthetankisimportantcrowdedinasmalltank.Theyneed(3)____waterbecausetheygetoxygenfromit.2.YoucanputsmallplantsinthetankPlantscangiveoxygentothewater,theyalsogivea(4)___tofishtohide,sleepandlayeggsLightis(6)____forfishandplants.Itcangetin3.Youcanputthetank(5)___awindow,butthroughthewindow.Butyoushouldn’t(7)____don’tletcoldairin.coldaircanalsogetinandcoldairwillkillyourfish.Toomuchfoodmakeswater(9)_____easily.4.Feedthefisheverydaybutnottoo(8)_____Whenfishcanfinish(10)___foodin10minutes,theamountoffoodisright.【參照答案】Wayssizeenoughplacenearimportantforgetmuchdirtyeating【思路解析】1.依據(jù)左側(cè)表格及第一句話，可看出此處應(yīng)填方法Ways,要注意首寫字母大寫。2.依據(jù)Sothesizeofthetankisimportant可知，填size3.依據(jù)Fishneedoxygen(氧氣).Fishgetitfromwaterinthetank.Theremustbeenoughwaterforallfishinthetank.可知，填enough.4.依據(jù)Theygiveoxygentothewater.Plantshelpinotherways,too.Fishcannibble(輕咬)ontheplants.Theyhideintheplantsandsleep,layeggsthere.可知，填place。5.依據(jù)Youcanputitnearawindow.可知，填near。6.依據(jù)Boththeplantsandfishneedlight.可知，填necessary/important7.依據(jù)Butremember:awindowmayletcoldairin可知，填forget8.依據(jù)Givingthemtoomuchfoodisbad.可知9.依據(jù)Itwillmakethewaterdirty可知10.依據(jù)Theyshouldfinishthefoodin10minutes可知六、首字母填空（10）InJanuarythisyear,peoplefoundabottleonabeachinWestAustralia.Therewasamessageinthebottle（漂流瓶）.AGermansailor（水手)threwthebottleintotheseainJune1886.Thatwas132yearsa(1)___!Itistheworld’soldestknown—messageinabottle.Atthetime,Germansailorsusedmessagesinbottlestostud