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ReadingComprehension
閱讀(yuèdú)理解第一頁,共47頁。1.Tolearnthefourtypesofquestionsinreadingcomprehension2.Tolearntheskills,methodsandstepstodoreadingcomprehension.3.Toimprovetheabilitiesofreadingcomprehension.Learningaims
第二頁,共47頁。預(yù)學(xué)探標(biāo)Pre-task(Checkpreviewwork)
1.Whendid“colorfulcutting”turnpopulardecorationartinYangzhou?A.IntheSuiDynastyB.IntheTangDynastyC.IntheQingDynastyD.AfterthefoundingofPRC.2.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedworldinparagraph2?A.開花B.繁茂C.凋謝D.發(fā)芽(fāyá)3.Fromthepassageweknow______helpedthedevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cutting.A.thedevelopmentofpaper-makingindustryB.theprosperityofeconomyC.Chinesegovernment’shighvalue(重視)D.Alltheabove4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howdopeoplemakepaper-cuttingB.ThewaytocutpaperC.ThehistoryanddevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cuttingD.TheimportanceofYangzhoupaper-cutting第三頁,共47頁。預(yù)學(xué)探標(biāo)Pre-task(Checkpreviewwork)
1.Whendid“colorfulcutting”turnpopulardecorationartinYangzhou?A.IntheSuiDynastyB.IntheTangDynastyC.IntheQingDynastyD.AfterthefoundingofPRC.2.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedworldinparagraph2?A.開花B.繁茂C.凋謝D.發(fā)芽(fāyá)3.Fromthepassageweknow______helpedthedevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cutting.A.thedevelopmentofpaper-makingindustryB.theprosperityofeconomyC.Chinesegovernment’shighvalue(重視)D.Alltheabove4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howdopeoplemakepaper-cuttingB.ThewaytocutpaperC.ThehistoryanddevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cuttingD.TheimportanceofYangzhoupaper-cutting
詞義猜測(cè)題
Guessingmeanings
推理判斷題Inferringaconclusion
主旨大意題Findingoutmainideas細(xì)節(jié)理解題Lookingfordetails第四頁,共47頁。1.細(xì)節(jié)(xìjié)理解題此類考題一般在文章中都能找到相對(duì)應(yīng)的答案。主要(zhǔyào)提問方式(fāngshì)有:(1)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE(NOTtrue)?(2)Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?(3)Fromthefirst(second/third...)paragraphweknowthat________.第五頁,共47頁。Task1lookingfordetails(細(xì)節(jié)(xìjié)理解)互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
Lastweekend,thefourmembersofmyfamilyspentanenjoyableholidayattheMagicKingdom-Disneyland.Andoneeventmadeourvisitseemtrulymagical.WegottothefrontofthelineatSpaceMountain,onlytofindoutthatourlittledaughterGloriacouldn'ttakeherice-creamontheride.Weweresoexcitedthatweallforgotice-creamwasnotallowedontheride.1.Thefamily'svisittotheMagicKingdomwas________.A)helpfulB)awfulC)frighteningD)amazing2.Beforetheride,Gloriacriedbecause_________.A)shecouldn'tfindherparentsinthelineB)shewastoolittletotaketherideC)shecouldn'ttakeherice-creamontherideD)shehadtowaitfortwentyminutes第六頁,共47頁。技巧(jìqiǎo)點(diǎn)撥:這類題目有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn): (1)凡是針對(duì)特定細(xì)節(jié)的考題,其正確答案大都可以在閱讀材料中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的文字部分作為(zuòwéi)驗(yàn)證。這一部分可能是一個(gè)詞或短語,也可能是一個(gè)句子或相關(guān)的若干句子,但句式、用詞和表達(dá)方式與題設(shè)不同。(2)干擾項(xiàng)往往(wǎngwǎng)是真假細(xì)節(jié)混雜,甚至相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)和無關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)混雜。
解答此類試題,首先要弄清題目和每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義,然后按題目要求尋找與之相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié),正確估計(jì)答案來源,同時(shí)注意題目和文章中的暗示。當(dāng)答案難以確定時(shí),還可輔以排除法。第七頁,共47頁。例:
79.Noonewantstolistento_______fromothers’MP3players.
A)
a
loud
sound
B)sad
stories
C)a
long
movie
D)the
words
of
a
song解析(jiěxī):第二段倒數(shù)第三行“Not
one
wants
to
listen
to
this.
Very
loud
music
can
alsobebad
for
your
ears”,可以得出答案,選擇A第八頁,共47頁。80.
We
should
turn
down
the
music
when
we
are
alone
because
loud
music
.
A)
is
not
enjoyable
B)makes
us
tired
C)is
bad
for
MP3
players
D)hurts
our
ears解析】根據(jù)(gēnjù)第二段倒數(shù)第一行“Very
loud
music
can
also
be
bad
for
your
ears,
so
even
if
you
are
alone
when
listening
to
our
MP3
player,
you
shouldn't
have
it
turned
up
too
high”得出結(jié)論,選擇D
第九頁,共47頁。82.
We
can
take
once
earphone
out
when
we_
A)
show
others
the
way
B)talk
to
friends
on
the
phone
C)watch
a
sporting
event
D)have
dinner
with
our
parents
解析】根據(jù)第四段的介紹我們可以排除C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng),A和B在原文中都有提及,但是原文中指(zhōngzhǐ)的是“answer
the
telephone”這一短暫的動(dòng)作,而B項(xiàng)是與朋友在“telephone”中聊天,是個(gè)延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作,故選擇A第十頁,共47頁。1.OnFebruary9th,2013,SarahDarlingwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenshemetahomelessmannamedBillyRayHarris.Shereachedintoherchangepurse,emptiedoutofallthecoinshehadandgavethemtothehomelessman…Sarahdidn’trealizethatshehadgivenBillynotonlyallherchangebutalsoherdiamondringthatshehadputinherchangepurseuntilthefollowingmorning…
WhendidSarahrealizethatshehadalsogivenBillyherdiamondring?A.OnFebruary9th,2013B.OnFebruary10th,2013C.OnFebruary18th,2013D.OnFebruary22nd,2013互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
第十一頁,共47頁。常見(chánɡjiàn)提問方式有:1.Thewordinthepassagemeans…2.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword?3.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?Task2Guessingthemeaning(詞義(cíyì)猜測(cè))互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
2.
詞義猜測(cè)題Guessingmeanings
1.
細(xì)節(jié)理解題Lookingfordetails
3.推理判斷題Inferringaconclusion
4.
主旨大意題findingoutmainideas第十二頁,共47頁。第十三頁,共47頁。2.詞義(cíyì)猜測(cè)題此類考題要求考生(kǎoshēng)根據(jù)上下文確定某一特定的詞或短語的準(zhǔn)確含義。主要(zhǔyào)提問方式有:(1)Theunderlinedword“...”inthepassage(mostprobably)means________.(2)Theunderlinedwordinthefirst(second/third...)paragraphrefersto________.(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“...”mean?第十四頁,共47頁。技巧點(diǎn)撥:常見的猜詞方法有: (1)通過(tōngguò)定義、釋義猜測(cè)詞義第十五頁,共47頁。(3)通過生活常識(shí)(chángshí)猜測(cè)詞義第十六頁,共47頁。如:Lisaletthehairdresser“trim”herhairabitbecauseitgrewtoolong.根據(jù)because從句所講的意思,我們可推測(cè)(tuīcè)trim就是之意。(5)通過(tōngguò)構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義根據(jù)學(xué)過的構(gòu)詞法知識(shí),知道(zhīdào)詞根和前綴或后綴的意義,就可猜出由它們組成的新詞詞義。如:ThejourneytoHawaiithissummeris“unforgettable."'利用構(gòu)詞法常識(shí)和我們已熟悉的詞forget,我們可以知道unforgettable就是的意思。修剪難以忘懷的第十七頁,共47頁。A,胸?zé)o點(diǎn)墨的B,毫無興趣(xìngqù)的
C,寡言少語的D,無話可說的第十八頁,共47頁。A,陌生人B,行人(xíngrén)C,故人D,古代人第十九頁,共47頁。(6)根據(jù)(gēnjù)列舉的事例猜測(cè)詞義第二十頁,共47頁。Alotoftheworld’snaturalresourceslikeoilcomefrompoorcountries.A.環(huán)境B.資源C.汽油2.Theoldmanputonhisspectaclesandbegantoread.A.帽子B.雨鞋C.眼鏡(yǎnjìng)3..Icouldseenothingbecausethelightwasfaint.A.明亮B.昏暗C.燦爛4.Tomisverypolite,buthisbrotherisquiterash.A.禮貌B.謙虛C.粗魯Haveatry:choosethebestanswers
互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
第二十一頁,共47頁。Example:Todaywasaveryhecticdayforme.Iwokeuplate,hurriedtotheoffice,workeduntilfour,wenttothestore,cookeddinnerandwashedclothes.IdidsomanythingsthatIwascertainlyverytired.A.焦急的B.忙碌的C.悠閑(yōuxián)的D.快樂的Task2Guessingthemeaning(詞義(cíyì)猜測(cè))互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
第二十二頁,共47頁。IspentaboutonehourwalkingaroundthecitytolookforBusNo.32.Thetricycle(三輪車)wasnice,butitwasalittletooexpensiveforasmalldistance.MaybeIwasrippedoffbytheguidewhorodeforme,butitwasanenjoyable.Theunderlinedphrase“rippedoff”means_____A.優(yōu)惠B.退款(tuìkuǎn)C.騙錢D.免費(fèi)
互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
第二十三頁,共47頁。Task3Inferringaconclusion(推理(tuīlǐ)判斷)互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
2.
詞義猜測(cè)題Guessingmeanings
1.
細(xì)節(jié)理解題Lookingfordetails
3.推理判斷題Inferringaconclusion
4.
主旨大意題findingoutmainideas第二十四頁,共47頁。3.推理(tuīlǐ)判斷題 這類題要求考生透過表面文字信息推測(cè)文字的隱含意思,對(duì)文章的發(fā)展情節(jié)及作者態(tài)度、意圖等作出合乎邏輯的推理判斷。它主要考查考生依據(jù)(yījù)圖表、短文內(nèi)容及常識(shí)進(jìn)行推理和判斷的能力。主要提問方式有:(1)Whatcanweknowaccordingtothepassage?(2)Wecanguessthewriterofthepassagemaybea________.(3)Fromthepassagewecanknow________.(4)Thewriterwritesthispassageto________.(5)Thewritersuggeststhat________.第二十五頁,共47頁。 技巧點(diǎn)撥:解答此類題目時(shí),考生要在閱讀時(shí)抓住文章的主題和細(xì)節(jié),從分析文章的結(jié)構(gòu)入手,根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,充分(chōngfèn)挖掘文章的深層含義,對(duì)暗含在文章中的事件的因果關(guān)系、人物動(dòng)機(jī)以及作者未言明的傾向、態(tài)度、意圖、觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理、分析和判斷。同時(shí),要善于抓住文章中實(shí)質(zhì)性的東西,不要被表面的假象或似是而非的東西所迷惑。并注意在推斷作者態(tài)度時(shí)力求從作者的觀點(diǎn)去思考,切勿憑個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)、習(xí)慣看法來選擇答案。第二十六頁,共47頁。在一個(gè)寒冷冬天的夜晚,天氣冷得讓人不想出門,見習(xí)警員走在大街上,突然聽到一個(gè)女子大喊:“有人打劫啦!”見習(xí)警員剛一回身,就見一個(gè)黑影朝著遠(yuǎn)處逃離,他立刻追了上去,但是這賊跑得飛快(fēikuài),警員追了八條街之后沒影了。后來警員在一家商鋪前看到了四個(gè)人,根據(jù)調(diào)查,犯人就在這四人當(dāng)中,請(qǐng)你猜一猜誰是?A,正在閑暇百無聊賴抽煙的人B,正在手機(jī)通話的人C,正在聚精會(huì)神看報(bào)紙的人D,正在狼吞虎咽吃拉面的人第二十七頁,共47頁。D$第二十八頁,共47頁。你能列舉一些常見的提問(tíwèn)方式嗎?Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.Wecaninferfromthetextthat______.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.Whatdoesthewritermean?Whatdoesthestorytellus?…Task3Inferringaconclusion(推理(tuīlǐ)判斷)互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
Groupwork第二十九頁,共47頁。A,cruellyB,kindlyC,fairlyD,unfriendly第三十頁,共47頁。A,positive(肯定的)B,neutral(中立(zhōnglì)的)C,negative(否定的)D,nervous(緊張的)第三十一頁,共47頁。此類問題(wèntí)常見的提問方式1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?2)Thispassagemainlytalksabout______.3)What’sthemainideaoftheparagraphorpassage?
2.
詞義猜測(cè)題Guessingmeanings
1.
細(xì)節(jié)理解題Lookingfordetails
3.推理判斷題Inferringaconclusion
4.
主旨大意題FindingoutmainideasTask4:Findingoutthemainidea(主旨(zhǔzhǐ)大意)互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
第三十二頁,共47頁。4.主旨(zhǔzhǐ)大意題此類考題多針對(duì)段落或短文的主題(zhǔtí)或標(biāo)題來設(shè)題。主要提問方式(fāngshì)有:(1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?(2)What'sthemainideaofthepassage?(3)Thispassagemainlytalksabout________.第三十三頁,共47頁。主題句一般具有(jùyǒu)三個(gè)特點(diǎn):(1)表述(biǎoshù)的意思比較概括,相對(duì)其他句子來看,它的概括性更為(ɡènɡwéi)明顯。(2)句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡(jiǎn)單,多數(shù)都不會(huì)采用長(zhǎng)、難句的形式。(3)段落中的其他句子起到解釋支撐主題句的作用。在一篇短文或一個(gè)段落中,大部分主題句的出現(xiàn)情況有以下三種:(1)主題句在篇首或段首主題句在篇首或段首的情況相當(dāng)普遍。一般新聞報(bào)道、說明文、議論文大都采用先總述后分述的方法。第三十四頁,共47頁。 (2)主題句在篇末或段末 用歸納(guīnà)法寫文章時(shí),往往表述細(xì)節(jié)的句子在前,概括性的句子在后,并以此結(jié)尾。這種位于篇末或段末的主題句往往是對(duì)前面細(xì)節(jié)的總結(jié)、歸納(guīnà)或概括。第三十五頁,共47頁。(3)無主題(zhǔtí)句有時(shí),一篇文章里并沒有明顯的主題句,需從文章出提煉、總結(jié)出文章的主題。常用技巧是首先找出每一段的中心意思。各段的中心意思往往都是圍繞一個(gè)中心來展開(zhǎnkāi)的,或者是來說明一個(gè)問題的,這個(gè)中心或問題就是這篇文章的主題或中心意思。第三十六頁,共47頁。Example1Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatsmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousillness,smokingcanalsocauseotherhealthproblems.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforsmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblecancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?Task4:findingoutthemainidea(主旨(zhǔzhǐ)大意)互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
第三十七頁,共47頁。Example2
Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.Task4:findingoutthemainidea(主旨(zhǔzhǐ)大意)互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
第三十八頁,共47頁。
Task4:findingoutthemainidea(主旨(zhǔzhǐ)大意)互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
A,第三十九頁,共47頁。1.Giftsgivingisdifferentindifferentcountries.InJapan,giftsarenotopened.Later,thesamegiftmaybegivenawaytosomeoneelse.InCanada,manypeoplewillnotgivebiggiftstosomeoneelse.Theywillpayforaparkbenchoratreetohelprememberaperson.IntheUSA,somepeopleasktheirfamiliesandfriendstogivemoneytocharityratherthanbuythemgifts.InSweden,doingsomethingforsomeoneisthebestgift.互學(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
Thispassageismainlyabout__________InCanada,manypeoplewillnotgivebiggiftstosomeoneelse.B.InJapan,giftsarenotopenedC.InSweden,doingsomethingforsomeoneisthebestgift.D.Giftsgivingisdifferentindifferentcountries.第四十頁,共47頁?;W(xué)析標(biāo)While-Task
2.Growingmushrooms(蘑菇(mógu))isprobablytheeasiestthingyoucandoevenifyouarenewtomushroomgrowing.Itisbecomingmorecommonbecauserestaurantsarestartingtocreatemoredishesthatincludemushrooms.........Mushroomgrowingisnotdifficultanditiseasytostartedintheworldoffarming.Youwillsoonpossiblybeabletoprovidesomeofthegreatcooksoftheworldwithhighqualitymushroomsthatwillbeenjoyedbythousandsofpeopleallovertheworld.Thebesttitleofthepassageis___________A.HealthymushroomsB.ThevalueofmushroomsC.HowtochoosemushroomsD.Suggestionsongrowingmushrooms
第四十一頁,共47頁。1.速讀問題(wèntí)3.通讀(tōnɡdú)文章2.尋找(xúnzhǎo)答案逆向解題法4.核對(duì)答案1.通讀文章3.尋找答案2.速讀問題4.核對(duì)答案正向解題法促學(xué)化標(biāo)While-Task
Discussion:
Doyouknowthestepstodoreadingcomprehension?第四十二頁,共47頁。促學(xué)化標(biāo)While-Task
AnAustralia16-year-oldgirl,Jessicatookoffonhernon-stoptriparoundtheworld,onOctober18,2009.Jessicawasallaloneonheryacht(快艇(kuàitǐng)).Shehadtofightagainststrongwinds,wavesashighasmountains,andloneliness,inordertoproveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams,whatevertheymightbe.Jessicasailedaroundtheworldinorderto__________A.writeabookaboutherselfB.becomerichandfamousC.wintheworld’sadmirationD.proveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams第四十三頁,共47頁。促學(xué)化標(biāo)While-Task
AnAustralia16-year-oldgirl,Jessicatookoffonhernon-stoptriparoundtheworld,onOctober18,2009.Jessicawasallaloneonheryacht(快艇(kuàitǐng)).Shehadtofightagainststrongwinds,wavesashighasmountains,andloneliness,inordertoproveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams,whatevertheymightbe.Jessicasailedaroundtheworldinorderto__________A.writeabookaboutherselfB.becomerichandfamousC.wintheworld’sadmirationD.proveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams第四十四頁,共47頁。A
You
probably
know
you
should
say"
please"
and"
thank
you"
at
restaurants.
You
probably
know
the
rules
of
a
library.
You
know
you
should
respect
and
be
nice
to
your
classmates.
But
do
you
have
music
manners?
Keep
It
Down!
You
have
to
notice
the
volume
of
your
music.
Yo
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