口語(yǔ)大賽圖表描述

口語(yǔ)大賽培訓(xùn)教案（----現(xiàn)場(chǎng)描述（看圖說(shuō)話）一、圖表描述應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題1）?總趨勢(shì)的描述必須準(zhǔn)確，要看出總的規(guī)律、趨勢(shì)，抓住特征。2）要突出重點(diǎn),抓住圖表中的極端點(diǎn)。如：最大或最小、最多或最少、最好和最差。3）圖表往往提供大量數(shù)據(jù)，選手應(yīng)該仔細(xì)觀察分析，從中選擇有效信息，圖表上資料、數(shù)據(jù)的描述必須選擇重點(diǎn)，不能事無(wú)巨細(xì)，一一列出。4）充分利用圖表中提供的文字或說(shuō)明。同樣，圖表中沒(méi)有的信息不能憑主觀任意捏造。5）說(shuō)明、描述圖表時(shí)應(yīng)該注意動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，屬于過(guò)去發(fā)生的應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，屬于經(jīng)常發(fā)生的應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。6）句子結(jié)構(gòu)要力求有變化，不要總是一個(gè)句型，尤其要注意分詞短語(yǔ)和其它小短語(yǔ)的穿插運(yùn)用。7）應(yīng)該熟練掌握一些固定句型和表達(dá)方式。并要將這些表達(dá)練熟，不要出錯(cuò)。8）文章的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該規(guī)范。即：introduction,mainbodyandconclusion三個(gè)部分。通常開(kāi)頭30個(gè)字左右，中間100個(gè)字左右，結(jié)尾20到30個(gè)字。二、圖標(biāo)描述常識(shí)1、圖形種類及概述法數(shù)據(jù)圖表：adatagraph/chart/diagram/illustration/table餅圖：piechart表格圖：table直方圖或柱形圖：barchart/histogram趨勢(shì)曲線圖：linechart/curvediagram流程圖或過(guò)程圖：flowchart/sequencediagram程序圖：processing/proceduresdiagram圓柱圖：columnchart描述：Show/describe/illustrate/apparent/reveal/represent/demonstrate/indicate/depict2、圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)（Data）具體表達(dá)法1）數(shù)據(jù)（Data）在某一個(gè)時(shí)間段固定不變：fixedintime在一系列的時(shí)間段中轉(zhuǎn)變：changesovertime持續(xù)變化的data在不同情況下：增加：increase/raise/rise/goup 減少：decrease/growdown/drop/fall 波動(dòng)：fluctuate/rebound/undulate/wave 穩(wěn)定：remainstable/stabilize/leveloff 最常用的兩種表達(dá)法：動(dòng)詞+副詞形式（Verb+Adverbform）形容詞+名詞形式（Adjective+Nounform）2）表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的單詞或者詞組rapid/rapidly迅速的，飛快的，險(xiǎn)峻的dramatic/dramatically戲劇性的，生動(dòng)的significant/significantly有意義的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply銳利的，明顯的，急劇的steep/steeply急劇升降的steady/steadily穩(wěn)固的，堅(jiān)定不移的gradual/gradually漸進(jìn)的，逐漸的slow/slowly緩慢的，不活躍的slight/slightly輕微的、略微地stable/stably穩(wěn)定的3)其它在描述中的常用到的詞significantchanges圖中一些較大變化noticeabletrend明顯趨勢(shì)duringthesameperiod在同一時(shí)期grow/grew增長(zhǎng)distribute分布，區(qū)別unequally不相等地inthecaseofadv.在 的情況下intermsof/inrespectof/regarding在 方面incontrast相反，大不相同governmentpolicy政府政策marketforces市場(chǎng)規(guī)率measure n.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，調(diào)節(jié)forecast n.先見(jiàn)，預(yù)見(jiàn)v.預(yù)測(cè)三、我們已經(jīng)提過(guò)圖表作文可細(xì)分為表格、曲線圖、柱形圖和圓形圖。弄懂這四種圖在寫(xiě)作方面的各自特點(diǎn)，我們才可以寫(xiě)好這種類型的作文：1)表格形式要求考生對(duì)表格中所給出的大量數(shù)字進(jìn)行比較分析，從中找出其變化規(guī)律。2)曲線圖形式要求考生認(rèn)真觀察坐標(biāo)系所顯示的數(shù)據(jù)信息，并且密切注意交匯在坐標(biāo)橫軸和縱軸上的數(shù)字及單位。3)柱形圖形式要求考生通過(guò)寬度相等的柱形的高度或長(zhǎng)度差別來(lái)判斷事物的動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，因此考生應(yīng)密切關(guān)注坐標(biāo)線上的刻度單位及圖表旁邊的提示說(shuō)明與文字。4)圓形圖形式旨在要求考生準(zhǔn)確理解并闡述一個(gè)被分割成大小不等切片的圓形圖所傳達(dá)的信息?？忌鷳?yīng)清楚掌握部分與整體，部分與部分之間的相互關(guān)系，這種關(guān)系通常是以百分比的數(shù)字形式給出的。四、一些較常用的描述用法Thetable/chartdiagram/graphshows(that)Accordingtothetable/chartdiagram/graphAs(is)showninthetable/chartdiagram/graphAscanbeseenfromthetable/chart/diagram/graph/figures,Figures/statisticsshows(that)...Itcanbeseenfromthefigures/statisticsWecanseefromthefigures/statisticsItisclearfromthefigures/statisticsItisapparentfromthefigures/statisticsTable/chart/diagram/graphfigures(that)Thetable/chartdiagram/graphshows(that)Itcanbeseenfromthefigures/statisticsWecanseefromthefigures/statisticsTable/chart/diagram/graphshows/describes/illustrateshow Asisshownbythegraph,…(概述圖表)inthetable.e.g.正如曲線所示，最近54年來(lái)該國(guó)人口飛速增長(zhǎng)。Asisshownbythegraph,therehasbeenarapidincreaseinthepopulationofthecountryinthepastfiveyears.Itcanbeseenfromthetablethat…(得出結(jié)論)showngraph;concludedfigures;estimatedstatisticse.g.A.從表中所給的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字可以看出，從1985年到1990年中國(guó)的人均收入迅速提高。FromthestatisticsgiveninthetableitcanbeseenthattheaveragepersonalincomeoftheChinesepeopleincreased(grew、rose)rapidlyfrom1985to1990.B.從曲線圖可以得出結(jié)論，最近5年來(lái)中國(guó)人口的出生率已經(jīng)大大下降。ItcanbeconcludedfromthegraphthattherehasbeenagreatdeclineinbirthratesinChinainthepastfiveyears.…amountto…(數(shù)量總計(jì))adduptocometosumuptoe.g.全部費(fèi)用合計(jì)200美元。Alltheexpenses(costs)amountto(=addupto)$200.…increasefrom…to…(數(shù)量增減)decrease/rise/fall/drope.g.A.這個(gè)工廠生產(chǎn)的彩電已由1986年的5000臺(tái)增加到1990年的21000臺(tái)。ThenumberofcolorTVsetsproducedbythefactoryincreased(rose,grew,climbed)from5000in1986to21000in1990.B.參加者的人數(shù)增加到30萬(wàn)。Thenumberofparticipantsgrewupto300000persons=increased,reaching300000persons).C.這個(gè)學(xué)校的教職工人數(shù)已減少到700人。Thenumberofteachingstaffmembersinthisschoolhasdecreasedto700persons..(be)threetimesas+形容詞+as總產(chǎn)量totaloutput鋼的年產(chǎn)量theannualoutputofe.g.上升17%riseby17percentsteel日產(chǎn)量thedailyoutput導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)量下降resultinadiminishedoutput現(xiàn)在我們地區(qū)的糧食產(chǎn)量相當(dāng)于1970年的3倍。Thegrainproduction(=output)inourareanowisthreetimesasgreatasthatof1970..Comparedwith…,…e.g.與去年相比，今年13項(xiàng)主要產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)量都有大幅度增長(zhǎng)。Comparedwiththatoflastyear,theoutputof13mainproducts(=items)thisyearhasincreasedtoagreatextent..Thereis(was)arapidrisein?…beontherise/hasbeensharpincreaseontheincrease/suddendecreaseonthedecline/steadydecline/gradualfall/slowdrop/slighte.g.最近幾年來(lái)這個(gè)地區(qū)的棉花產(chǎn)量有了迅速增長(zhǎng)。Thecottonoutputinthisareahasincreasedrapidlyinthepastfewyears.——“結(jié)尾”段落中常用的句型：1.Inmyopinion,…2.Personally,I…3.Inshort(=Inbrief),…4.Inconclusion,…5.AsfarasI’mconcerned,…6.Toconclude,itseemsclearthat?一至于說(shuō)到我，我贊成前一種觀點(diǎn)。所以，我的結(jié)論是，只要我們堅(jiān)持正確的東西，改正錯(cuò)誤的東西，我們就一定能成功。AsfarasI'mconcerned,I,minfavoroftheformerview.Therefore,myconclusionisthatwearecertaintosucceedaslongaswesticktowhatisrightandcorrectwhatiswrong.五、英語(yǔ)圖表寫(xiě)作套句精選Thetableshowsthechangesinthenumberof overtheperiodfrom to 該表格描述了在……年之……年間……數(shù)量的變化。Thebarchartillustratesthat 該柱狀圖展示了……Thegraphprovidessomeinterestingdataregarding 該圖為我們提供了有關(guān)……有趣數(shù)據(jù)。Thediagramshows(that) 該圖向我們展示了……thepiegraphdepicts(that) 該圓形圖揭示了……Thisisacuregraphwhichdescribesthetrendof 這個(gè)曲線圖描述了……的趨勢(shì)。thefigures/statisticsshow(that) 數(shù)據(jù)(字)表明……Thetreediagramrevealshow 該樹(shù)型圖向我們揭示了如何……9.thedata/statisticsshow(that) 該數(shù)據(jù)(字)可以這樣理解……Thedata/statistics/figuresleadustotheconclusionthat 這些數(shù)據(jù)資料令我們得出結(jié)論……asisshown/demonstrated/exhibitedinthediagram/graph/chart/table 如圖所示……accordingtothechart/figures 根據(jù)這些表(數(shù)字)……Asisshowninthetable 如表格所示……ascanbeseenfromthediagram,greatchangeshavetakenplacein 從圖中可以看出，……發(fā)生了巨大變化。fromthetable/chart/diagram/figure,wecanseeclearlythat oritisclear/apparentfromthechartthat 從圖表我們可以很清楚(明顯)看到……Thisisagraphwhichillustrates 這個(gè)圖表向我們展示了……Thistableshowsthechangingproportionofa&bfrom to 該表格描述了……年到……年間a與b的比例關(guān)系。thegraph,presentedinapiechart, showsthegeneraltrendin 該圖以圓形圖形式描述了……總的趨勢(shì)。Thisisacolumnchartshowing 這是個(gè)柱型圖，描述了……ascanbeseenfromthegraph,thetwocurvesshowthefluctuationof 如圖所示，兩條曲線描述了……的波動(dòng)情況。Overtheperiodfrom to the remainedlevel.在……至……期間，……基本不變。Intheyearbetween and 在……年到……期間……inthe3yearsspanningfrom1995through1998 1995年至1998三年里……Fromthenon/fromthistimeonwards 從那時(shí)起……thenumberof remainedsteady/stablefrom（month/year）to（month/year）。……月（年）至……月（年）……的數(shù)量基本不變。Thenumbersharplywentupto 數(shù)字急劇上升至……Thepercentageof stayedthesamebetween and ……至……期間……的比率維持不變。thefigurespeakedat in（month/year）……的數(shù)目在……月（年）達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)，為……Thepercentageremainedsteadyat 比率維持在……Thepercentageof isslightlylarger/smallerthanthatof ……的比例比……的比例略高（低）。Thereisnotagreatdealofdifferencebetween and ……與……的區(qū)別不大。thegraphsshowathreefoldincreaseinthenumberof 該圖表表明……的數(shù)目增長(zhǎng)了三倍。decreasedyearbyyearwhile increasedsteadily.……逐年減少，而……逐步上升。thesituationreachedapeak（ahighpointat）of[%].……的情況（局勢(shì)）到達(dá)頂（高）點(diǎn)，為……百分點(diǎn)。Thefigures/situationbottomedoutin 數(shù)字（情況）在 達(dá)到底部。Thefiguresreachedthebottom/alowpoint/hitatrough.數(shù)字（情況）達(dá)到底部（低谷）。Ais timesasmuch/manyasb.a是b的……倍。 、Aincreasedby a增長(zhǎng)了Aincreasedto a增長(zhǎng)到，high/low/great/small/percentage比低高（低）Thereisanupwardtrendinthenumberof 數(shù)字呈上升趨勢(shì)。Aconsiderableincrease/decreaseoccurredfrom to ……到……發(fā)生急劇上升。from to therateofdecreaseslowsdown.從……到……，下降速率減慢。fromthisyearon,therewasagradualdeclinereductioninthe ,reachingafigureof 從這年起，……逐漸下降至……besimilarto 與 相似Bethesameas 與 相同Therearealotofsimilarities/differencesbetween and ……與……之間有許多相似（不同）之處ahassomethingincommonwithba于b有共同之處。Thedifferencebetweenaandbliesin a與b之間的差別在于……（year）witnessed/sawasharprisein 年 急劇上升口語(yǔ)大賽培訓(xùn)教案（二）——現(xiàn)場(chǎng)描述（看圖說(shuō)話）一、圖表常用經(jīng)典句子：圖表常用經(jīng)典句子：開(kāi)頭：Ascanbeseenfromthechart/graph/table...Itcanbeseenfromthestatisticsthat...Asrevealed/shown/stated/notedinthepicture...Thechartgivesinformationthat...描述：Therewasarise/increase/upwardtrendfrom...to...Ithasrisentoanaverageof...Therewasafall/decrease/reduction/decline/drop/downwardtrendfrom...to...Ithasfallen/dropped/declinedto...結(jié)論：Fromtheanalysesabove,wecandrawtheconclusionthat...Fromthedatawegatheredfromtheabovegraph,wecanconcludethat...Accordingtotheinformationgatheredabove,wemayreachtheconclusionthat...Accordingtowhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecanarriveattheconclusionthat...Thegraphreflectsthat...用于引言段的句子：Whenaskedabout...themajorityofpeoplesay...Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtorealizetheimportanceof...Withthedevelopmentof…greatchangeshavetakenplacein...Thereisageneraldiscussionabout...Manypeopleoftenaskthisquestion...Thereisnodoubtthat...Itiswell-known/generally/said/argued/heldthat...Somepeopleargue/claimthat...用于擴(kuò)展段的句子Thereareseveralreasonsfor...butingeneral,theycomedowntothreemajoronesItcanbeeasilyprovedthat...Nonecandenythat...Therearemanyfactorsthatmayaccountfor...butthefollowingarethemosttypicalonesManywayscancontributetosolvingthisproblem,butthefollowingonesmaybemosteffectiveGenerallyspeaking,theadvantagescanbelistedasfollowsInmanycases,however,thereissomethingbeyondourexpectation,yetwecancompareandcontrastalltherelevantfactorsandfindawayoutinbetweenWecantakeitforgrantedthat...提出與前面相反的觀點(diǎn)：Asapopularsayinggoes,“Acoinhastwosides."Butasmostotherthings,ithasitsownproblems.However,itisnotwithoutshortcomings.Butthingsarechangingfromplacetoplace/fromtimetotime/frompersontoperson,andnothingshouldbetakeninisolation.Besides,wecan,tneglectthefactthat...Inspiteoftheadvantages,italsohasitsowndisadvantages.Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewson...Whenitcomesto...Despitetheirsimilarities,AandBarealsodifferent.ThemoststrikingdifferenceisthatA...,whileB...提出自己的觀點(diǎn)：Contrarytothepopularthought,Iprefer...AsfarasIamconcerned...Whileitisgenerallybelievedthat...Iarguethat...Frommypointofview...Inmyopinion...Myviewonitisasfollows.Totellyouthetruth...用于結(jié)尾段的句子：From/Accordingtowhathasbeendiscussed/analyzedabove,wecandraw/reach/cometo/arriveattheconclusionthat...Inaword/Inbrief/Inconclusion...Itmightbethetimethatsomeattentionshouldbepaidto...Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemaysafelyarriveattheconclusionthat...Itishightimethatweputanendtothetendencyof...Wemustlookforaimmediatemethod/measure,ifthecurrenttendencyisallowedtocontinue/proceed,itwillsurely/certainlyleadto/resultintheheavycostof...Noeffectivesolutioncanbeathandtodealwiththeproblemof...butthecommon/generalrecognitionoftheimportanceof...mightbethefirststeptowards...Thereisnoeasymethodtotheproblemof...,but...mightbehelpful.Thereisnodoubtthatspecialattentionmustbepaidtotheproblemof...Itisnecessarythateffectiveactionshouldbetakentopreventthesituation.Itremainstobeseenwhether...buttheprospectisnotencouraging.Toreversethetrendisnotaneasyjob,anditrequiresakeenconsciousnessof...習(xí)題一：

假如你是李華，在最近的研究性學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)中，受《21世紀(jì)中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)報(bào)》（The21stCentury）之邀，你對(duì)你所在的班60名同學(xué)（男女各半）進(jìn)行了上網(wǎng)目的的調(diào)查?，F(xiàn)將調(diào)查結(jié)果（如下表所示）用英語(yǔ)給報(bào)社的編輯寫(xiě)一封信，報(bào)道此事，以引起輿論的關(guān)注，并提出你的觀點(diǎn)和建議。習(xí)題二：下列表格為某市1996年與2006年人們度假方式的情況比較，請(qǐng)按表格內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的短文，并對(duì)度假方式變化原因加以簡(jiǎn)要評(píng)析。年度19962006原因境外旅游11%22%收入增加海邊度假38%31%海水污染爬山野營(yíng)11%34%回歸自然習(xí)題一：Ihaverecentlymadeasurveyamong30boysand30girlsinmyclassabouttheirpurposeofgettingontheInternet.Thegirls,favoriteischatting,butfewboyslikeit.Whattheboysliketodomostisplayinggamesandthegirlsalsolikeit.Bothboysandgirlsliketoreadnewsorsende-mailsontheInternet.Maybetheythinkit,sthemostconvenientwaytogetinformationfromkeepingintouchwithfriends.Asforstudying,thenumbersofboysandgirlsareequal,butaltogetheronlyseveralofthemwillusetheInternetasatooltostudy.Inmyopinion,usefulastheInternetis,thestudentshadbettermakebetterandwiseuseofit.Otherwise,it'simpossibleforustobenefitfromit.Moreover,IalsohopetheparentswillpayenoughattentiontotheirchildrenusingtheInternetintheirsparetime.習(xí)題二：Thewaypeoplespendtheirholidayschangedalotfrom1996to2006.Thetableshowsthatagreaternumberofpeoplespenttheirholidaystravelingabroadin2006.Therateof2006(22%)doubledthatof1996(11%).Weare