廣東省東莞市中堂中學(xué)2021年高一英語期末試題含解析

廣東省東莞市中堂中學(xué)2021年高一英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.——WhyareSouthChinatigers__________ofdisappearing?——Toomuchhunting.A.inpeace

B.inrelief

C.inreturn

D.indanger參考答案：D2.參考答案：AADBC略3.Thehappynewsquickly______throughthewholevillage.A.wasspread B.werespreading C.spread D.hadbeenspread參考答案：C4.Itlookslikerain,soyou’dbetter______withoutanumbrella.A.go

B.nottogo

C.going

D.notgo參考答案：D略5.Suddenly,anewidea_________tome________ImightstartanonlineshoptosellNankaibearwearinguniform.A.struck;that

B.occurred;which

C.happened;that

D.occurred;that參考答案：D“某人突然想到……”，用“somethingstricks/hitssomebody”或“somethingoccurstosomebody”。因此第一空處填occurred；根據(jù)句法分析，“________ImightstartanonlineshoptosellNankaibearwearinguniform.”是一個(gè)同位語從句，說明anewidea的具體內(nèi)容，且不含疑問語氣，因此第二空處填that。故D項(xiàng)正確。6.Heboughtsomebooksinthebookstoreandhisfather________himalotofmoney.A.gives

B.willgive

Coughttogive

Dmusthavedone參考答案：D7.It’sthe____inthecountrytogooutandpickflowersonthefirstdayofspring.

A.use

B.habit

C.custom D.normal參考答案：C解析：It’sthecustomtodosth.意為“做某事成為習(xí)慣?！北揪渚湟鉃椤霸诿總€(gè)春天外出采花是這個(gè)國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗”。8..Withfewpeople_____pigs,thepriceofpork_____.

A.rising;rises

B.raising;raises

C.rising;raised

D.raising;rises參考答案：D略9.LittleTommywaswillingtotelltheteacher_____hehaddonebefore.

A.which

B.how

C.where

D.What參考答案：D10.

---Canyoutellmewho_________forthischaos?

---_________thosedriverswhoonlythinkofthemselves.

A.toblame;Theyare

B.shouldbeblamed;Theyare

C.istoblame;Itis

D.isblamed;Itis參考答案：C11.LiMing,

totheblackboard;everybodyelsestayswhereyouare.Let’shaveadictation.A.comes

B.come

C.tocome

D.coming參考答案：B12.There'sabigdifferencebetweensayingyou'lldosomethingand

doingit.A.actually

B.frequently

C.gradually

D.certainly參考答案：A13.Janestudiedherparents’faces，butthey

nothingaboutthematter.

A.gaveaway

B.broughtup

C.heldup

D.carriedout參考答案：A21.Thenumberofpeopleinvited____________fifty,butanumberofthem__________absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;was

B.was;was

C.was;were

D.were;were參考答案：C15.Heisastrangemanandheisunpleasant______.A．tobeworkedwith

B．tobetalkedto

C．workingwith

D．toworkwith參考答案：D16.Jennydoesn’tagreewithherfather,butshe________thattohisface.A.darenottosay B.doesn’tdaretosay C.daresnotsay D.darenotsaying參考答案：B17.Withtheaudience______ather,

thelittlegirlfeltnervousonthestage．A.staring

B.tostare C.stare D.stared參考答案：A句意：觀眾們都盯著（staring）她看，小女孩在舞臺(tái)上感到很緊張。本題考查的是“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中“stare”與“theaudience”之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)語境可知，是正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故選A。二、填空18.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子：（每空1分，共10分）6.Heconsideredthatthechangewouldbe_______________tohishealth.(benefit)7.Youarenot______________toleaveherewithouthis_____________.(permit)8.You’dbetter_____________toJimmy.Ofcourse,making_____________isnottheonlywaybutthemostdirectone.(

apologize)9.Peterhadthoughtthebosswas___________,buthewas____________andhefiredPeterwithout______________.(mercy)10.Sheistoo___________towardsherchildren;her_____________haslimitedtheirdevelopment.(protect)參考答案：6.beneficial

7.permitted;permission

8.apologize;apology

9.merciful;merciless;mercy

10.protective;protection略19.Chinesearethefirstpeopletohavetea.Onethousandandtwohundredyearsago，LuYuwroteabookcalled“TheClassicofTea”，whichishonored___41___“TheBibleofTea”．Thebookgivesadetailed___42___(explain)oftheorigin，theprocessingskillsandtheclassificationoftea.However,Chineseteaculturegoesfarbeyondtea___43___(it)．Takegreenteaforinstance，theidealtemperatureofthewatershouldbearound80℃.Ifthewateristoohot,nutrients(營(yíng)養(yǎng))intheteawill___44___(destroy)．Ontheotherhand，ifthewaterisnothotenough,thetea___45___(leaf)won’topenandyouwillmissthepleasantlyfreshflavor.SoChinesepeopleareused___46___drinkinghottea.WhenyouvisitaChinesefriend，yourfriendwill___47___(constant)addhotwatertoyouremptycupoftea.Itispolite___48___(offer)theteacuptoguestswithbothhands.Ofcourse，theguestsshouldpayrespectaswell,___49___(take)thecupwithbothhands.Talkingaboutaddingwatertotheteacup，thereis___50___saying:Winefull，fullcup.Teahalf，halfcup.Forwine，thefullcupsymbolizeswholeheartiness.Fortea，thehalfcupmeansmodesty.參考答案：41.as

42.explanation

43.itself

44.bedestroyed

45.leaves

46.to

47.constantly

48.tooffer

49.taking

50.a【分析】本文為說明文。本文介紹中國(guó)的茶文化。介紹了中國(guó)茶文化的歷史、喝熱茶的原因、喝茶禮儀、關(guān)于茶的俗語。【41題詳解】考查語境及固定搭配。句意：一千二百多年前，陸瑜寫了一本有關(guān)茶的書，被譽(yù)為《茶經(jīng)》。behonoredas…為固定搭配，意為“被譽(yù)為…”，故填as.【42題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這本書詳細(xì)介紹了茶的起源，茶的處理技術(shù)以及茶的種類。根據(jù)空前的detailed可知，空處被形容詞修飾，可知，要用名詞形式，故填explain的名詞形式explanation。【43題詳解】考查反身代詞。句意：然而，中國(guó)的茶文化遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了茶本身。根據(jù)句意可知，這里需要反身代詞，主語是“Chineseteaculture”是第三人稱代詞，故填itself?！?4題詳解】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：如果水太熱，茶中的營(yíng)養(yǎng)就可能會(huì)被破壞。根據(jù)句意，主語nutrientsinthetea和動(dòng)詞destroy之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填bedestroyed?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：相反如果水溫不夠，茶葉泡不開，就喝不到茶的香味。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，該處的茶葉要用復(fù)數(shù)概念。故填leaves。【46題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：因此，中國(guó)人習(xí)慣喝熱茶。beaccustomedto為固定搭配，意為“習(xí)慣于…”，故填to?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：當(dāng)你到中國(guó)朋友家做客，你的朋友會(huì)不斷地為你空了的茶杯添熱水。分析句子可知，本空要用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞add，因此要用形容詞constant的副詞constantly。【48題詳解】考查不定式。句意：用雙手給客人遞茶杯是禮貌的。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句使用了“It＋is/was＋adj.＋todosth.”的固定句式。It為形式主語，動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的主語，故填tooffer?！?9題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：當(dāng)然，客人也應(yīng)該用雙手接過茶杯表示尊重。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處做伴隨狀語，且take與其邏輯主語theguests之間是主謂關(guān)系，故這里用現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語，故填taking?！?0題詳解】考查不定冠詞。句意：說起倒茶，中國(guó)有句俗話，叫做“酒滿茶半”。酒倒?jié)M杯表示全心全意，茶倒半杯表示虛心誠(chéng)懇。這里用不定冠詞a泛指一句俗話，且saying的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞a?！军c(diǎn)睛】現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語和現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別：1.首先，伴隨狀語的位置是可以在句首或者是句末；其次，它所表示的動(dòng)作和謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，只不過謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作為主要?jiǎng)幼?，分詞動(dòng)作為次要?jiǎng)幼鳌Ｈ?Singingasong,hewalkedhome=Hewalkedhome,singingasong.他唱著歌回家去了。如本題的第9小題所在的句子Ofcourse,theguestsshouldpayrespectaswell，___9___(take)overthecupwithbothhands.當(dāng)然，客人也應(yīng)該用雙手接過茶杯表示尊重。此句中，動(dòng)作takeover和謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作payrespect是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，且與主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故我們用現(xiàn)在分詞taking做伴隨的狀語。2.結(jié)果狀語的位置通常只能在句末，表示謂語動(dòng)作所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。如:AterribleearthquakehappenedinChinain2008,causingthousandsofdeaths.2008年中國(guó)發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)大地震，造成了上萬人死亡。Theteacherpassedaway,makingallthestudentsverysad.老師去世了，這使得所有學(xué)生非常難過注意：現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，一般表達(dá)的是自然而然引起的結(jié)果，若是意料之外的結(jié)果，一般用onlytodosth結(jié)構(gòu)做結(jié)果狀語。三、閱讀理解20.Peoplewhohavelosttheabilitytounderstandorusewordsduetobraindamagearecalledaphasics（失語癥患者）.Suchpatientscanbeextremelygoodatsomethingelse.Fromthechangingexpressionsonspeakers'facesandthetonesoftheirvoices,theycantellliesfromtruths.Doctorsstudyingthehumanbrainhavegivenanumberofexamplesofthisamazingpowerofaphasics.Somehaveevencomparedthispowertothatofadogwithanabilitytofindoutthedrugshiddeninthebaggage.Recently,scientistscarriedoutteststoseeifallthatwassaidaboutaphasicswastrue.Theystudiedamixedgroupofpeople.Somewerenormal;otherswereaphasics.Itwasprovedthattheaphasicswerefaraheadofthenormalpeopleinrecognizingfalsespeeches—inmostcases,thenormalpeoplewerefooledbywords,buttheaphasicswerenot.Someyearsago,Dr.OliverSackswroteinhisbookabouthisexperienceswithaphasics.Hementionedaparticularcaseinahospital.SomeaphasicswerewatchingthepresidentgivingaspeechonTV.Sincethepresidenthadbeenanactorearlier,makingagoodspeechwasnoproblemforhim.Hewastryingtoputhisfeelingsintoeverywordofhisspeech.Buthiswayofspeakinghadtheoppositeeffectonthepatients.Theydidn'tseemtobelievehim.Instead,theyburstintolaughter.Theaphasicsknewthatthepresidentdidnotmeanawordofwhathewassaying.Hewaslying!Manydoctorsseeaphasicsaspeoplewhoarenotcompletelynormalbecausetheylacktheabilitytounderstandwords.However,accordingtoDr.Sacks,theyaremoregiftedthannormalpeople.Normalpeoplemaygetcarriedawaybywords.Aphasicsseemtounderstandhumanexpressionsbetter,thoughtheycannotunderstandwords.8.Whatissosurprisingaboutaphasics?A.Theycanfoolotherpeople.B.Theycantellwhetherpeoplearelying.C.Theycanunderstandlanguagebetter.D.Theycanfindoutthehiddendrugs.9.Howdidthescientistsstudyaphasics?A.ByaskingthemtowatchTVtogether.B.Byorganizingthemintoactinggroups.C.Bycomparingthemwithnormalpeople.D.BygivingthemchancestospeakonTV.10.Whatdowelearnfromthistext?A.Whatonessaysreflectshowonefeels.B.Aphasicshavericherfeelingsthanothers.C.Normalpeopleoftentellliesintheirspeeches.D.Peoplepooratonethingcanbegoodatanother.參考答案：8.B

9.C

10.D試題分析：本文通過對(duì)aphasics(失語癥患者)的研究，告訴我們一些在某些方面有缺失的人在另外的方面會(huì)有很大的發(fā)展。8.C細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段后3行Suchpatientscanbeextremelygoodatsomethingelse.Fromthechangingexpressionsonspeakers'facesandthetonesoftheirvoices,theycantellliesfromtruths.可知C正確。10.D推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段owever,accordingtoDr.Sacks,theyaremoregiftedthannormalpeople.Normalpeoplemaygetcarriedawaybywords.Aphasicsseemtounderstandhumanexpressionsbetter,thoughtheycannotunderstandwords.可知在某一方面有所缺失的人在另外一方面會(huì)得到一定的補(bǔ)償，會(huì)很擅長(zhǎng)，故D正確。點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文通過對(duì)aphasics(失語癥患者)的研究，告訴我們一些在某些方面有缺失的人在另外的方面會(huì)有很大的發(fā)展。要求考生在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎(chǔ)上，把握文章的真正內(nèi)涵。要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ);要對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行挖掘加工，由表入里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，從非凡到一般，通過分析、綜合、判定等，進(jìn)行深層處理，符合邏輯地推理。不能就是論事，斷章取義，以偏概全。要忠實(shí)于原文，以文章提供的事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)。21.Althoughvaccines(疫苗)arerequiredforentryintoschoolinmostplacesintheUnitedStates,thegovernmentdoesallowforexceptions,likereligiousreasons.Inthelastfewyears,theratesofvaccine-preventableillnesshavebeenontherise.Inmostcases,theseoutbreaksbeganwithchildrenwhowereunvaccinated.Todealwiththisthreat,someschoolsinNewYorkhavebeenrefusingtoallowunvaccinatedchildrentoattendschool.Severalparentsthoughtthiswasunfairandcharged.Justrecently,though,acourtruledinfavorofthecityschools.Thecourtmadetherightdecision.Vaccinepolicydependsnotonlyontheaddedprotectionthatvaccinesprovideforthosewhogetshots,butalsoonthedecreasedprobabilitythatanyonewillcomeintocontactwiththedisease.Thisisknownascommunityimmunity(免疫力).Itreferstothefactthatwhenenoughpeopleareimmunized,thentherereallycan’tbeanoutbreak.Andiftherecan’tbeanoutbreak,theneveryoneisprotected.Thisisimportantbecausetherearepeoplewhocannotbegivenimmunizationsforvariousreasons.Forexample,smallbabiescan’tbegivenallvaccines.In1995,thechickenpox(水痘)vaccinewasintroducedintheUnitedStates.Overtime,moreandmorechildrenreceivedit.In2011,astudylookedathowtheprogramaffectedthenumberofchildrenwhodiedfromthedisease.Thefirstthingnotedinthepaperwasthatdeathfromchickenpoxwentdownconsiderablyafterthevaccinewasintroduced.From2001though2007,theratesofdeathremainedmuchlower,withjustafewchildrendyingfromchickenpoxnationallyeachyear.What’smore,from2004through2007,notonechildlessthan1yearofagediedintheUnitedStatesfromchickenpox.Thisisimportantbecausewecannotgivethechickenpoxvaccinetobabies.Inotherwords,allthosebabiesweresavednotbecausewevaccinatedthemagainstthisillness,butbecauseolderchildrenwerevaccinated.Therefore,peoplewhorefusetovaccinatetheirchildrenaren’tjustputtingthemselvesatrisk-they’reputtingeveryoneelseindanger,too.32.Whosebenefitdidthejudgestakeintoconsideration?A.Schoolleaders’. B.Students’.C.Severalparents’. D.Unvaccinatedkids’.33.Whatisneededtopreventdis