第一部分必修5Unit1

第一部分基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦必修5

MagicPowerofPoliteWords

Weoftenusemagicwordsinourdailylifewithoutrealizingit.Thesemagicwords,forinstance,“please”,“thankyou”and“sorry”,canaddmagictoourlife.

Magicwordscanhelpbuildupfriendship.Theymakeyoumorepoliteandeasiertogetalongwith,thusstrengtheningtherelationshipbetweenyouandothers.

Onceyouoffendsomeoneelse,youcanaswellusethesewords.Awordsuchas“sorry”willmakehimlessannoyed.

Tryusingpolitewordsnowandthen.Onceyoudo,youwillfindyourselfwelcomedbyothers.Youusepolitewords,andinreturn,thesewordswillprovideyouwithmagicpower.1．AngLee’snewfilmLife

of

PiisbasedonafantasyadventurenovelbyYannMartel________(publish)in2001.published2．Childrenabove16areencouragedtotakepartintheseactivitiesspecially_____________(desighn)forthem.designed3．Thejoblessrateremains________(stick)at9.6percent，andthepresidentsaysmoreworkisneeded.stuck4．IwonderwhyAnndidn’tget________(offer)thejob.Sheistherightpersonforit.offered5.Aspecialdance________(call)horsedancebecomessohotthatmanyfamouspeoplecan’thelpcopyingthat.called1．_______vt.打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫n.失敗2．_______

vt.

照顧；護(hù)理

；出席；參加3．_______

vt.

暴露；揭露；使曝光4．_______

n．治愈；痊愈vt.

治愈；治療5．___________

n.挑戰(zhàn)vt.

向……挑戰(zhàn)6．_________

vt.

吸收；吸引；使專(zhuān)心7．___________

vt.

認(rèn)為；懷疑n.被懷疑者；嫌疑犯8．_________

vt.

責(zé)備；譴責(zé)n.過(guò)失；責(zé)備defeatattend

expose

curechallengeabsorbsuspectblame9．_________

n. 柄；把手vt.

處理；操縱10．_________

adj.

小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的11．_______

vt.&n. 連接；聯(lián)系12．___________

vt.&vi.

結(jié)束；推斷出conclusionn. 結(jié)論；結(jié)束13．_________

vt.

污染；弄臟pollutionn. 污染14．___________

vt.

宣布；通告announcementn. 通知；宣告handlecautiouslinkconcludepolluteannounce15．_________

vt.

命令；指示；教導(dǎo)instructionn. 教授；傳授instructionsn. 用法；說(shuō)明；操作指南16．_________

vt.

建設(shè)；修建constructionn. 建設(shè)；建筑物17．___________

vt.&vi.

捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助contributionn. 貢獻(xiàn)18．_________

vt.

拒絕；不接受；拋棄rejectionn. 拒絕；拋棄instruct

construct

contributerejectⅠ.品句填詞1．Thewriterwasso____________(專(zhuān)心于)inherworkthatshedidn’tnoticeJimentertheroom.2．Aftereightyearsoffighting，theChinesepeoplefinally____________(打敗)theJapaneseenemies.3．Mr.Green____________(宣布)tohisfriendshisengagementtoMissWhite.absorbeddefeatedannounced4．FindingacureforAIDSisoneofthegreatest___________(挑戰(zhàn))doctorsarefacingtoday.5．ItisnoneofyourbusinesswhetherIacceptthemor____________(拒絕)them.6．Thoughsocietyisdevelopingfast，thereisstillno____________(治愈)methodforsuchadisease.7．Theyhavetheconfidenceandabilityto___________(處理)theimportantmatterwell.8．Manyretiredpeoplecanstill____________(貢獻(xiàn))tothesocietywiththeirrichexperience.challengesrejectcurehandlecontribute[易混辨析]defeat，beat，windefeat/beatdefeat和beat是同義詞，其賓語(yǔ)為“人”或“一個(gè)團(tuán)體”，?？苫Q。defeat側(cè)重在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上打敗敵人。beat常用于游戲或比賽中。winwin后接sth.，表示在較強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中取得了勝利，賓語(yǔ)多用game，war，prize等詞，不能是人；win也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“贏，獲勝”。[巧思妙解]

用defeat，beat，win填空(1)Havingbeen________twicethisyear,wewon’tgiveitup.(2)Nodifficultycould_____________thisbravemansinceheissoconfidentandcapable.(3)Hewassonervousthathecouldfeelhisheart___________faster.(4)Whodoyouthinkwill____thebeautycontest?defeateddefeat/beatbeating

win①Eatingtoomuchfatcan__________________________andcausehighbloodpressure.攝入太多的脂肪會(huì)導(dǎo)致心臟病和高血壓的發(fā)生。②I’msureyoursuggestionwillcontributeto__________________.我相信你的建議一定有助于問(wèn)題的解決.③Thegovernmentshouldhonortheengineerforthecontributionhehasmadetothecity’sdevelopment.政府應(yīng)為那個(gè)工程師對(duì)這座城市的發(fā)展所作出的貢獻(xiàn)給予他榮譽(yù)。solving

the

problemcontributetoheartdisease3．Itwastheboy，ratherthanhisteachers，that________forwhattheboyhaddone.A．weretoblame B．weretoblamedC．wastoblame D．wastobeblamed解析：betoblame表示“應(yīng)該受責(zé)備”，從結(jié)構(gòu)分析主語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)為theboy，因此選C。C4．Shewasso________inherjobthatshedidn’thearanybodyknockingatthedooratall.A．a(chǎn)ttracted B．a(chǎn)bsorbedC．drawn D．devoted解析：句意：她如此專(zhuān)注于工作，以至于完全沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到有人在敲門(mén)。beabsorbedin/bedevotedto...“專(zhuān)心致力于……，全神貫注于……”。BⅢ.contribute題組訓(xùn)練1．Thecharityorganizationmanypeoplecontributemoneyto________tosupportalotofhomelesschildrenwithfoodandshelters.A．helping B．helpC．helps D．havehelped解析：manypeoplecontributemoneyto是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Thecharityorganization，省去了關(guān)系代詞that或which，helps在句中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。C2．Mostofthepeoplepresentatthemeetingthinkpoorlyoftheproposal，whichtheythinkwill________theworseningoftheenvironment.A．a(chǎn)daptto B．refertoC．subscribetoD．contributeto解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：大多數(shù)與會(huì)者都不看好這一提議，他們認(rèn)為它會(huì)導(dǎo)致環(huán)境的惡化。contributeto“是……的原因之一”，符合句意。D3．Overuseofcomputerswill________tothefailureofoureyesight，whichisawarningtousall.A．contributeB．turnC．devoteD．a(chǎn)djust解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：過(guò)度使用計(jì)算機(jī)會(huì)使我們的視力下降，這是對(duì)我們大家的一個(gè)警告。contributeto“促成，造成”，是固定搭配，符合句意。4．Chineseusethemostplasticbags，which___________________________(對(duì)……有重大貢獻(xiàn))tothe“whitepollution”．Amakesagreatcontribution1．___________

提出2．_________________

得出結(jié)論3．_____________

使顯露；暴露4．_______________

將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái)5．_____________

除……之外；此外6．_____________

講得通；有意義7．___________

調(diào)查；研究8．_________

導(dǎo)致9．_________

有時(shí)10．_____________

反對(duì)11．_______________

對(duì)……嚴(yán)格的12．_______________

應(yīng)受責(zé)備put

forwarddraw

a

conclusion

expose...tolink...to...

apart

from

make

senselook

into

lead

to

at

times

be

against(be)

strict

with...

be

to

blame1．Theplan________________bytheoldprofessorwaswellworthconsidering.2．—________________busyschoolwork，thechildrenalsohavetotakearts，musicandsportsclassesintheirfreetime.—Iwonderwhattheywillbecome.putforwardApartfrom3._________________sunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.Being

exposed

to3．Itisobviousthatlungcancer________________heavysmoking.4．Thissentencejustdoesn’t________________，nomatterhowyoureadit.5．ItwasthelanguagethathelpedshapethewayIsawthings,expressedideas，and________________theworld.6．ThebossofMicrosoft________________thestaff，soeveryoneinthecompanyhastobecompletelystrictintheirwork.islinkedtomakesensemadesenseofisstrictwith[一詞多義]寫(xiě)出下列句中putforward的含義(1)Asfortheproblemyouputforwardinyourlastletter，Ithinkitisawisechoiceforyoutobuyane-dictionary._____(2)Ithinkheisfitfortheposition，therefore，I’llputhimforwardasacandidate._____(3)Yououghttoputyourwatchforwardbytenminutes.____(4)Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek._____提出推薦撥快提前putaside節(jié)??；儲(chǔ)蓄；儲(chǔ)存；留出putaway 放好；積蓄putoff 延期，推遲putout 熄滅；生產(chǎn)putup 舉起；張貼；建立；提供食宿putupwith 容忍；忍受putthrough 接通電話；完成；使經(jīng)受Icanputupwiththehousebeinguntidy，butIhateitifit’snotclean.我可以忍受房間亂點(diǎn)兒，但我討厭它不干凈。1．(2013·高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Atthelastmoment，Tomdecidedto________anewcharactertomakethestoryseemmorelikely.A．putup

B．putinC．putonD．putoff解析：句意：在最后一刻，湯姆決定增加一個(gè)新人物，以使故事更可信。A:建造；B：把……寫(xiě)進(jìn);C：上演；D.推遲。故答案為B項(xiàng)。B2．(2012·高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecan________almosteverywordherteachersays.A．putout B．putdownC．putaway D．puttogether解析:考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。后句句意:她幾乎能把老師說(shuō)的每句話都記下來(lái)。putdown“寫(xiě)下；記下”,符合語(yǔ)境。B3．Consideringyourincome，youshouldbeableto________atleasttwentydollarsaweek.A．putforward B．putinC．putdown D．putaside解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：就你的收入而言，你每個(gè)星期至少應(yīng)該存20美元。putforward“提出，向前撥”；putin“安裝，插入”；putdown“鎮(zhèn)壓，記下”；putaside“儲(chǔ)存”。根據(jù)句意可知D項(xiàng)正確。D(1)makesenseof

理解，明白makenosense 沒(méi)道理，沒(méi)意義(2)Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做……沒(méi)道理inasense 在某一方面；就某種意義來(lái)說(shuō)innosense 決不①I(mǎi)tmakessensetoworkontheproblembeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.在失控前致力解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，這么做是明智的。②Planningsofarahead_________________—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.提前這么久做計(jì)劃沒(méi)有意義——到第二年許多事情都會(huì)發(fā)生變化。③Innosense___________liestoyourfamily.你決不可向家人撒謊。④AsfarasI’mconcerned，thereisnosenseingettingupsetaboutitnow.就我而言，現(xiàn)在為這事苦惱是沒(méi)有意義的。makes

no

sensedo

you

tell4．Whatshereferredtowassoconfusingthattheycouldhardlymakeany________ofit.A．message B．informationC．understanding D．sense解析：句意：她所講的話如此令人費(fèi)解,以至于他們搞不明白她是什么意思。makesenseof“理解;搞清……的意思”。D5．Davidwon’tgetlost—hehasagood________ofdirection.A．feelingB．ideaC．experienceD．sense解析：agoodsenseofdirection很好的方向感。句意：大衛(wèi)不會(huì)迷路的——他有很好的方向感。D1．Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解對(duì)它的治療。[解讀]

neither...nor...既不……也不……。[仿寫(xiě)]老師和其他學(xué)生都不相信他解釋的遲到的原因。______________________________believedthereasonheexplainedforbeinglate.Neither

teacher

nor

other

studentsneither...nor...“既不……也不……”，連接句中兩個(gè)相同成分，連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循就近一致原則。①Youhaveneitherregret，norshame，noranysenseofguilt.你沒(méi)有遺憾，也沒(méi)有慚愧，也沒(méi)有任何罪惡感。②Tobehonest，Ihave_____________________fortheball.誠(chéng)實(shí)地說(shuō)，我既沒(méi)有時(shí)間也沒(méi)有錢(qián)參加舞會(huì)。③Neitherthefathernorthechildren____interestedinthefilm.父親和孩子們對(duì)這部電影都不感興趣。④Notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctor_______________thepatients.護(hù)士和醫(yī)生都對(duì)病人非常和藹。⑤Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents____toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.要么是你或者你的一名學(xué)生應(yīng)該出席明天的會(huì)議。neither

time

nor

moneyis

very

kind

toisare2．Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次爆發(fā)霍亂時(shí)就有成千上萬(wàn)驚恐的人病死。[解讀]

everytime每次，作連詞用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。[仿寫(xiě)]每次我聽(tīng)到這首歌，它都會(huì)使我想起與祖母在一起的幸福時(shí)光。________________________，itmakesmethinkofthehappydayswhenIwaswithGranny.Every

time

I

hear

this

song(1)everytime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于whenever，表示“每當(dāng)……”。(2)名詞詞組作連詞用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的還有：eachtime

每當(dāng)……時(shí)候nexttime 下次……時(shí)the＋序數(shù)詞＋time 第……次the＋瞬間名詞(moment/minute/instant)

一……就……①NowitseemsthateverytimeIcheckmye-mail，Ihaveanendlessseriesofadvertisements.現(xiàn)在好像每次我查郵件，我都會(huì)收到大量的廣告。②Everytime/Eachtimetheymet，theywouldtalklonghourstogether.他們每次見(jiàn)面都會(huì)談?wù)摵荛L(zhǎng)時(shí)間。③NexttimeyoucometoBeijing，besuretoletmeknowinadvance.下次你來(lái)北京，務(wù)必要提前告訴我。④_____________Isawhim，Iknewwhathadhappened.見(jiàn)到他的那一刻，我就知道發(fā)生了什么事。The

moment【溫馨提示】

(1)Itisthefirsttimethat...(如果前面用is，從句動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果用was，則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。)(2)It’s(high/about)timethat...(從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)或should＋動(dòng)詞原形)⑤ItisthefirsttimethatI_____________theGreatWall.這是我第一次參觀長(zhǎng)城。⑥Itishightimethatwe_________Beijing.到我們出發(fā)去北京的時(shí)間了。have

visitedleft

for3．Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能講得通。[解讀]

“only＋狀語(yǔ)”位于句首時(shí)后面主句需用部分倒裝。[仿寫(xiě)]生活就是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，只有當(dāng)我們學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，我們才會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。Lifeisachallenge，onlywhenwelearntofaceit___________________________.can

we

achieve

our

aims4．Awoman，whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet，likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuch