改革開放詞匯

改革開放詞匯

ByWang保險業(yè)

Theinsuranceindustry保證重點支出

Ensurefundingforpriorityareas被兼并或擠掉

annexedorforcedoutofbusiness補發(fā)拖欠的養(yǎng)老金

Clearuppensionpaymentsinarrears不良貸款

Non—performingloan層層轉(zhuǎn)包和違法分保

Multi-levelcontractingandillegalsubcontracting產(chǎn)值

outputvalue城鄉(xiāng)信用社

CreditCooperativeinbothurbanandruralareas城鎮(zhèn)居民最低生活保障

Aminimumstandardoflivingforcityresidents城鎮(zhèn)職工醫(yī)療保險制度

Thesystemofmedicalinsuranceforurbanworkers抽樣調(diào)查

datafromthesamplesurvey出口信貸

Exportcredit初步建立社會主義計劃商品經(jīng)濟新體制。

toestablishatapreliminarylevelanewsystemofsocialistplannedcommodityeconomy.貸款質(zhì)量

Loanquality貸款質(zhì)量五級分類辦法

Thefive-categoryassetsclassificationforbankloans第二產(chǎn)業(yè)

secondaryindustry第三產(chǎn)業(yè)

tertiaryindustry第一產(chǎn)業(yè)primaryindustry獨資企業(yè)whollyforeignowned/fundedenterprise發(fā)電量electricenergyproduction發(fā)揮市場的調(diào)節(jié)作用

togiveplaytotheregulatoryroleofthemarket發(fā)展過快

excessivegrowth防范和化解金融風(fēng)險

Takeprecautionsagainstandreducefinancialrisks防洪工程

Flood-preventionproject非法外匯交易

Illegalforeignexchangetransaction非公有成分

non-publicsectors非貿(mào)易收匯

Foreignexchangeearningsthroughnontradechannels非銀行金融機構(gòu)

Non-bankfinancialinstitutions費改稅

Transformadministrativefeesintotaxes分配形式

formsofdistribution風(fēng)險資金

riskfunds副業(yè)

sidelineproduction改革是“社會主義制度的自我完善和自我發(fā)展”。

Reformis"theself-perfectionandself-developmentofthesocialistsystem."改革重點轉(zhuǎn)移到城市

thefocusofreformisshiftedtothecities改善經(jīng)濟環(huán)境

improveeconomicenvironment搞活企業(yè)

invigorate/revitalize/rejuvenateenterprises各盡所能，按勞/需分配。

fromeachaccordingtohisability,toeachaccordingtohiswork/needs.跟蹤審計

Follow-upauditing工程監(jiān)理制度

Themonitoringsystemforprojects公有制

publicownership鼓勵

giveincentiveto管理不善

poormanagement國際收支

internationalbalanceofpayments國家保障國有經(jīng)濟的鞏固和發(fā)展。

Thestateensurestheconsolidationandgrowthofthestateeconomy.國家的根本任務(wù)是，集中力量進行社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)

Thebasictaskofthenationistoconcentrateitseffortsonsocialistmodernization.國有經(jīng)濟，即社會主義全民所有制經(jīng)濟，是國民經(jīng)濟中的主導(dǎo)力量。

Thestateeconomyisthesectorofsocialisteconomyunderownershipbythewholepeople;itistheleadingforceinthenationaleconomy.國有資產(chǎn)安全

Thesafetyofstate-ownedassets過度開墾

Excessreclamation合同管理制度

Thecontractsystemforgoverningprojects合資企業(yè)

jointventure合作企業(yè)

cooperativeenterprise和平演變

peacefulevolution宏觀控制

exercisemacro-control機電產(chǎn)品

Electromechanicalproducts積極的財政政策

Pro-activefiscalpolicy基本生活費

Basicallowances基石

cornerstone計劃經(jīng)濟和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合的機制amechanismthatcombinesplannedeconomyandmarketregulation家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)責(zé)任承包制

family-contractresponsibilitysystem結(jié)售匯制度

Thesystemofexchangesettlementandsales解除勞動關(guān)系

Severlaborrelations解放生產(chǎn)力

liberate/unshackle/releasetheproductiveforces金融監(jiān)管責(zé)任制

Theresponsibilitysystemforfinancialsupervision經(jīng)濟安全

Economicsecurity經(jīng)濟和法律的杠桿

economicandlegalleverages經(jīng)濟計劃和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合

tocombineeconomicplanningwithmarketregulation經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)改革。

reformineconomicstructure經(jīng)營機制

operativemechanism精華、精粹、實質(zhì)

quintessence舉措

move靠擴大財政赤字搞建設(shè)

Toincreasethedeficittospendmoreondevelopment扣除物價上漲部分

priceincreasearededucted(excluded)擴大國內(nèi)需求

Theexpansionofdomesticdemand拉動經(jīng)濟增長

Fueleconomicgrowth厲行節(jié)約，反對浪費

topracticestricteconomyandcombatwaste糧食倉庫

Graindepot糧食收儲企業(yè)

GrainCollectionandstorageenterprise糧食收購資金實行封閉運行

Closedoperationofgrainpurchasefunds糧食銷售市場

Grainsalesmarket劣質(zhì)工程

Shoddyengineering林業(yè)

forestry零售

retail流通制度

circulationsystem亂收費、亂攤派、亂罰款

Arbitrarycharges,fund-raising,quotasandfines騙匯、逃匯、套匯

Obtainforeigncurrencyunderfalsepretenses,notturnoverforeigncurrencyowedtothegovernmentandillegalarbitrage取消國家對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的統(tǒng)購統(tǒng)銷

tocancelthestate'smonopolyonthepurchaseandmarketingofagriculturalproducts全民所有制

ownershipbytheentire/wholepeople全體會議

plenarysession人均收入

percapitaincome融資渠道

Financingchannels善于接受的

receptive商品經(jīng)濟

commodityeconomy商業(yè)信貸原則

Theprinciplesforcommercialcredit社會保險機構(gòu)

Socialsecurityinstitution社會主義的最終目標(biāo)是解放生產(chǎn)力，消滅剝削，消除貧富兩極分化，最終達到共同富裕。

Themaingoalsofsocialismaretheliberationanddevelopmentofproductiveforces,theeliminationofexploitationandpolarizationbetweentherichandthepoorandthefinalachievementofcommonprosperity.社會主義集體所有制

socialistcollectiveownership社會主義經(jīng)濟制度的基礎(chǔ)是生產(chǎn)資料的社會主義公有制，即全民所有制和勞動群眾集體所有制。

Thebasisofthesocialisteconomicsystemissocialistpublicownershipofthemeansofproduction,namely,ownershipbythewholepeopleandcollectiveownershipbytheworkingpeople.生產(chǎn)關(guān)系

relationsofproduction生產(chǎn)力

productiveforces生產(chǎn)資料

meansofproduction生活資料

meansoflivelihood/subsistence剩余勞動力。

surpluslabor失業(yè)保險金

Unemploymentinsurancebenefits實際增長率

actualgrowthrate實事求是

seektruthfromfacts實在的

tangible使負(fù)擔(dān)

besaddledwith試一下

haveago(atsth.)輸入活力

bringvigorinto私有制

privateownership隨著改革的深化，國家指令性計劃的范圍將會縮小，而市場調(diào)節(jié)的范圍將會擴大。

Asthereformfurtherdevelops,thescopeformandatorystateplanswillbenarrowed,whilethescopeformarketforceswillbeenlarged.偷稅、騙稅、逃稅、抗稅

Taxevasion,taxfraudandrefusalpaytaxes投入

input外匯收支

Foreignexchangerevenueandspending我們辨別的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是看這樣做是否有利于發(fā)展社會主義的生產(chǎn)力，是否有利于增強社會主義國家的綜合國力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。

Thecriterionforourjudgmentiswhetherthemovefacilitatesthedevelopmentofsocialistproductiveforces,whetherithelpsincreasetheoverallnationalstrengthofasocialistcountry,andwhetheritbringsaboutbetterlivingstandards.畜牧業(yè)

animalhusbandry外資企業(yè)

foreign-fundedenterprise要人們警惕右和“左”的影響，特別是“左”的根深蒂固的影響。

towarnpeopleoftheinfluenceofboththeRightandthe"Left"deviations,particularlyofthedeep-rooted"Left"influence.一個中心、兩個基本點onecentraltaskandtwobasicpoints以經(jīng)濟建設(shè)為中心，堅持四項基本原則（1）社會主義道路（2）黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)（3）人民民主專政（4）馬列主義毛澤東思想、堅持改革開放

thecentraltaskreferstoeconomicconstructionandtwobasicpointsarethefourcardinalprinciples-adherencetothesocialistroad,toCommunistPartyleadership,tothepeople'sdemocraticdictatorshipandtoMarxism-LeninismandMaoZedongThought-andpersistinginreformandopening.引進、輸入

importation引入歧途

leadonetoablindalley營業(yè)發(fā)達的公司

goingconcerns優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)

optimizetheecono