Ch12知識(shí)點(diǎn)及語(yǔ)法

Chapter12Readingasaresult結(jié)果Asaresult,hehadtoleave.結(jié)果他只得離開(kāi)。Therewasasubstantialgrowthofindustryandforeigntradeincreasedasaresult.由于工業(yè)的大發(fā)展,對(duì)外貿(mào)易也發(fā)展了。Languagepointsasaresult和asaresultof的區(qū)別:

asaresult單獨(dú)使用，后面一般用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，并且不能連結(jié)2個(gè)句子。

Heworkedhardathisstudy.Asaresult,hepassedtheexameasily.

asaresultof+名詞或者代詞.

Asaresultofhishardwork,hepassedtheexameasily.2.availableadj.有效的,可用的,在手邊的,可利用的Thisfilmticketisnolongeravailable.這張電影票不再有效。Theswimmingpoolisavailableonlyinsummer.這個(gè)游泳池只在夏天開(kāi)放。3.huntv.搜索,尋找;追獵,獵取;追捕I'mhuntingajob.

我在找工作。Novemberisagoodtimetohuntdeer.

十一月正是獵鹿的好時(shí)節(jié)。Policearehuntinganescapedconvict.

警察正在追捕一個(gè)逃犯。4.atallcosts無(wú)論如何,不惜任何代價(jià)Wewillsavehislifeatallcosts.我們將不惜任何代價(jià)挽救他生命。Thegovernmentwantedtoavoidwaratallcosts.政府?dāng)M不惜一切代價(jià)避免戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。Thebridgemustberepairedwithinthreedaysatallcosts.要不惜一切代價(jià)在三天內(nèi)把橋修好。5.miss…out遺漏You'vemissedoutoneword.你漏掉了一個(gè)詞。6.searchv.

找尋;搜查;搜索;探查

Wesearchedhereandthere,butcouldnotfindher.我們到處找她,但還是找不到。Whatrighthaveyoutobreakinhereandsearch?你們有什么權(quán)利闖進(jìn)來(lái)搜查?7.ontime按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)ontime和intime的區(qū)別on

time

準(zhǔn)時(shí)，in

time及時(shí)ontime的意思比intime的意思要細(xì)化的多,intime是不太確定的時(shí)間。如:

I

go

to

school

on

time

every

day.

(我每天按時(shí)到校)

He

returned

the

book

in

time.

(他及時(shí)還了書(shū))

8.aswellas意為“并且、還”，它通常強(qiáng)調(diào)所連接的兩個(gè)成分的前一項(xiàng)。Therearealsoroomsontransport,...aswellasmaths,physicsandchemistry.那里還有與交通等相關(guān)的房間，另外還有與數(shù)學(xué)、物理和化學(xué)相關(guān)的房間。9.arrive是不及物動(dòng)詞，表示到達(dá)、抵達(dá)某地（尤指行程的終點(diǎn)）。arrive后常接介詞at或in，一般in接大地方，at接小地方，若是地點(diǎn)副詞，則不需用介詞。home就是地點(diǎn)副詞。aswellas連接的兩個(gè)成分作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的成分保持一致。如：HelenaswellasIiseagertoseetheperformance.海倫和我一樣急著要看演出。例如：

DoyouknowwhattimetheplanearriveinMoscow?你知道飛機(jī)什么時(shí)候抵達(dá)莫斯科？Theyarrivedatthestationat8thismorning.他們今天早晨八點(diǎn)到達(dá)車(chē)站的。Hermothersawherwhenshearrivedhome.她到家時(shí)她媽媽看見(jiàn)了她。10.applyv.申請(qǐng),請(qǐng)求;適用

Youmayapplyinpersonorbyletter.你可以親自到場(chǎng)或去信提出申請(qǐng)。Iwanttoapplyforthejob.我想申請(qǐng)這項(xiàng)工作。11.Yoursfaithfully=Yourssincerely正式信函署名前的套語(yǔ)譯為謹(jǐn)上或您忠誠(chéng)的……來(lái)作為信尾簽名之前的用語(yǔ)

Translatethefollowingsentences.search作動(dòng)詞，意為“尋找；搜查”，通常有以下幾種用法：search+sb.意為“搜查某人；搜身”。如：Theysearchedhim,butnothingwasfoundonhim.他們對(duì)他搜身，但什么東西也沒(méi)搜到。searchsearch+someplace意為“搜查某地”。如：Thevillagersarehelpingtosearchthewoodsforthemissingchild.村民們正在幫忙搜索樹(shù)林尋找那個(gè)失蹤的孩子。search(sb.)forsth.意為“搜查(某人)以尋找某物”。如：Forover100years,menhavebeensearchingforgoldinthehills.一百多年來(lái)，人們一直在山里尋找金子。ThepolicesearchedDavidforthepistol.警察搜查了大衛(wèi)，看他身上是否有手槍。search(someplace)forsb./sth.意為“搜查(某地)以尋找某人/物”。如：Theysearchedforthethieveseverywhere.他們到處搜尋那個(gè)小偷。Theysearchedthehouseforthemurderer.他們搜查屋子尋找兇手。ExercisesTranslation.警察正在搜尋那個(gè)年輕人。_______________________________________2.他們每次進(jìn)門(mén)時(shí)都要被搜身。________________________________________________________Thepolicearesearchingfortheyoungman.Theyweresearchedeverytimetheywentthroughthegate.3.他搜查了這所房子里的每一個(gè)房間尋找丟失的狗。_________________________________________________4.她翻找自己的護(hù)照，但沒(méi)找著。________________________________Hesearchedeveryroominthehouseforthelostdog.Shesearchedinvainforherpassport.1.—Moreandmorepeopleare____jobsatCareerAdviceCentre.—Yes.Thecentrecantellthemwhatkindofjobis___forthem.A.hunting;important B.huntingfor;availableC.lookingfor;imaginaryD.looking;effective單項(xiàng)選擇—Thecomputerhasbrokendown.We’dbetter_____themanager____anewone.—Allright.A.apply;for B.ask;buyC.askfor;to D.applyto;for3.—Couldyougivemesomeadviceformyinterview?—Ofcourse.Ithinkyoushouldnotonlydress______butalsobeontimefortheinterview_____.A.neatly;atallcosts B.neat;asaresultC.neatly;assoonaspossible D.neat;asquicklyaspossible1.Hersmilehas______(prove)theresultoftheinterview.2.Iam________(hunt)foraflatnow.3.Therearetenwaiters______(serve)lunchtothecustomers.4.Therewere300__________(applicant)comingforthejobs,butonly2percentofthemcangetthejobs.5.Youcangetfive______(mark)vedhunting根據(jù)句意用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。servingapplicantsmarksReflection1.asaresult/asaresultof2.atallcosts3.miss…out4.ontime;intime5.aswellas6.arriveat/arrivein7.Yoursfaithfully=Yourssincerely1.____heisyoung,heknowsalotofthings.A.AsB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.If2.Hedidn'tcometotheparty____hehasalotofworktodo.A.becauseB.ifC.soD.alsothat3.Ican'tuseyourpen,____thereisnoinkinit.A.forB.sinceC.asD.because4.LinTaodidn'trecitethetext____hehadafeverlastnight.A.whyB.becauseC.untilD.unless5.We'llgotovisittheGreatWall____itdoesn'traintomorrow.A.sinceB.assoonasC.whenD.if6.Theboydidn'tgotoschool____hewasill.A.becauseB.ifC.butD.soCAABDA7.Hedidn'tgowithus____hewasverybusy.A.whenB.untilC.becauseD.so8.Idon'tknowifit____tomorrow.Ifit____,Iwon’tgoout.A.willrain,rainsB.willrain,willrainC.rains,rainsD.rains,willrain9.____youwon'thelpme,Imustdoitmyself.A.BecauseB.SinceC.IfD.While10.Youngpeoplelovethistimeofyear____it'sgoodforsports.A.sinceB.becauseC.soD.though11.___Ihaven’treadthebook,Ican'ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.A.ForB.SoC.AsD.SincethatCABBC12._____thejobapplicantishere,let’sbeginourinterview.A.SinceB.BecauseC.ForD.After13.---Whyisouratmospherechanging?---______wearepollutingitwithchemical.AAsBSinceCForD.Because14.___therewasnofoodinthefridge,____Iwenttothesupermarket.A.Because;soB.As;soC.As;/ D.For;/15.李明昨天沒(méi)來(lái)上學(xué)，因?yàn)樗×恕?/p>

LiMingdidn'tcometoschool___________________________.ADCbecausehewasill1.Youwillnotpasstheexam__youdon’tworkhard.(unless/if)2.Youmustbesureyourteaiscool

_____youdrinkit.(since/before)3.Youshouldwalkslowlyinicyweather______youdonotfallover.(sothat/although)4.Youshouldnotdrive____drinkingbeer.(until/after)ifbeforesothatafter5.____itisoftenverycoldinthemountains,youneedtowearwarmclothes.(Since/Inorderthat)6.IwaswaitingforTim____hewasdoinghishomework.(since/while)7.Tomboughtadog________heactuallypreferscats.(because/although)Sincewhilealthough狀語(yǔ)從句--中考鏈接一、時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句由before,after,when,while,since,until,as,assoonas等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句以及由if，unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，若主句出現(xiàn)以下四種情況之一時(shí)，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。（一）當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)是一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)。

如：I’lltellherthegoodnewswhenshecomesback.Hewillcomehereontimeunlessitrains.（二）當(dāng)主句是祈使句時(shí)。如：Lethimcallmeassoonashecomesback.Pleasestayathomeifitrainstomorrow.（三）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)含有can,may,must等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)。如：Shecan’thelpyouuntilyoutellherthetruth.Youmuststopwhenthetrafficlightsarered.（四）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)是hope,wish,want等動(dòng)詞時(shí)。如：Iwanttogothereiftherainstops.友情提示：1.since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句如用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。2.when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句如用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則主句常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)。3.“祈使句+or+陳述句”這一并列句常可與if或unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。考題鏈接Ifyou____latetomorrowmorning,youwon’tcatchtheearly

bus.

A.getup

B.don’tgetup

C.willgetup【答案解析】時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句遵循“主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”的原則。選A。2.Ididn’tknowhecameback____Imethiminthestreet.

A.since

B.whenC.until

D.after【答案解析】句意為“直到在街上見(jiàn)到他我才知道他回來(lái)了。”not...until...為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“直到……才……”。選C?！敬鸢附馕觥俊捌硎咕?or+陳述句”常與if引導(dǎo)的

否定的條件狀語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行

句型轉(zhuǎn)換。應(yīng)填I(lǐng)f;don’t。3.Hurryup!Oryouwillmissthetrain.(改為同義句)

_____

you

_____hurryup,

youwillmissthetrain.

二、原因狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句可以由as,because,since等引導(dǎo)。在引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，because語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，其次是as和since。由why提出的問(wèn)句要用because來(lái)回答。友情提示：because與so不能在同一個(gè)復(fù)合句中使用?？碱}鏈接IkeepanEnglishdiary_____ithelpsmeimprovemywritingskill.

A.how

B.when

C.because

D.if【答案解析】本題考查原因狀語(yǔ)從句的用法。句意為“我堅(jiān)持寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)日記，因?yàn)樗軒臀姨岣邔?xiě)作能力?！鼻昂缶涫且蚬P(guān)系，故答案為C。2._____hislegwashurt,______hewalkedslowly.

A.Because;so

B.Because;/C.Although;but

D.Although;/【答案解析】because與so不能同時(shí)使用，再由句意“因?yàn)樗耐仁軅?，所以他走得很慢”可知，?yīng)選B。【答案解析】對(duì)because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句提問(wèn)時(shí)需用why。故應(yīng)填Whydo。3.Icollecttoysbecausetheyarebeautiful.(對(duì)畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))

___________youcollecttoys?

三、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句:一般由though/although,evenif/though等連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。友情提示：though/although與but不能在一個(gè)復(fù)合句中同時(shí)使用?？碱}鏈接1.Iwillneverforgetthatterribleaccident_______

ithappenedsolongago.

A.onlyif

B.eventhoughC.onlywhen

D.eversince【答案解析】由句意“盡管那場(chǎng)可怕的事故發(fā)生這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了，但我決不會(huì)忘記”可知，需用eventhough(盡管，即使)。選B。【答案解析】本題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意為“雖然現(xiàn)在天黑了，但是工人們?nèi)匀辉谀抢锢^續(xù)工作著。”though用于句首，意為“雖然，盡管”。不能和but同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句中。選A。2.

_____itisdarknow,theworkersgoonworkingthere.

A.Though

B.Because

C.As四、比較狀語(yǔ)從句比較狀語(yǔ)從句一般由as和than引導(dǎo)?？碱}鏈接1.Ourvillagehaschangedalot,anditbecomes_____before.

A.sobeautifulas

B.asbeautifullyas

C.morebeautifulthanD.muchmorebeautiful【答案解析】由前句“我們村子發(fā)生了很大變化”可知，“它比以前更美麗了?！惫蔬xC。2.Don’tjustbelievetheadvertisement.Thatkindofcamerais

____itsays.

A.asgoodas

B.notasgoodasC.aswellas

D.notaswellas【答案解析】根據(jù)前句句意“不要只相信廣告”可知下文為“那種相機(jī)不像廣告說(shuō)得那么好?！眓otas+adj./adv.+as...表示“……和……不一樣……”。be動(dòng)詞后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)，應(yīng)選B。五、結(jié)果和目的狀語(yǔ)從句so/such...that（如此……以致于）引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；sothat（以便于，為了）引導(dǎo)結(jié)果或目的狀語(yǔ)從句?？碱}鏈接1.Thisexerciseis____

difficult

____.A.so;thatfewofuscandoB.so;thatfewofuscandoitC.too;foranyoneofustodoD.too;foranyoneofustodoit【答案解析】

anyone后不能跟of...,故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。在so...that句型中，that引導(dǎo)的應(yīng)是一個(gè)完整的狀語(yǔ)從句，因此其主謂賓各種成分應(yīng)齊全。選B?！敬鸢附馕觥?/p>

根據(jù)that后的句子用了肯定句，前后句子主語(yǔ)不一致可知，能與簡(jiǎn)單句...enoughforsb.to轉(zhuǎn)換。應(yīng)填easyenoughforme。2.ThismathproblemissoeasythatIcanworkitout.(改為簡(jiǎn)單句)

Thismathproblemis

_________toworkout.友情提示：1.復(fù)合連詞sothat既可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀

語(yǔ)從句，又可引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。

如：Theroomwasfilledwithpeople,sothatwecouldn’tgetin.

(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)2.sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，若主從句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，則常改為簡(jiǎn)單句soastodosth.或inordertodosth.。如：Heworkedhardsothathecouldmakemoremoney.→Heworkedhardsoasto/inordertomakemoremoney.考題鏈接Youmustcheckyourpapercarefully_____thereisnomistakeinit.

A.sothat

B.suchthatC.inorderto

D.soasto【答案解析】

sothat意為“以便于；為了”，后面跟句子；而inorderto或soasto意為“為了”，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。選A。1.___,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.Howeverlateishe

B.Howeverlateheis

C.Howeverishelate

D.HoweverheislateB選擇題。2.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup___therehadoncebeenatheatre.A.that B.whenC.which D.whereD3.Whydoyouwantanewjob__you’vegotsuchagoodonealready?A.thatB.where

C.which D.when4.—I’mgoingtothepostoffice.—___you’rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?