Module 9 Population同步教案 外研版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)

外研版八年級(jí)（上）Module9Population同步教案教學(xué)目標(biāo)知識(shí)與技能：掌握并學(xué)會(huì)本單元的重點(diǎn)單詞和短語(yǔ)；學(xué)會(huì)理解并正確使用冠詞與數(shù)詞。過(guò)程與方法：讓學(xué)生了解如何學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的信息等相關(guān)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)形成的過(guò)程、“親歷”探究知識(shí)的過(guò)程；學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題、思考問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題的方法，學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)，形成創(chuàng)新精神和實(shí)踐能力等。情感、態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀(guān)：通過(guò)對(duì)教學(xué)和講課過(guò)程中授予的知識(shí)文化，讓學(xué)生形成積極的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度、健康向上的人生態(tài)度，具有科學(xué)精神和正確的世界觀(guān)、人生觀(guān)、價(jià)值觀(guān)，成為有社會(huì)責(zé)任感和使命感的社會(huì)公民。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)：掌握本單元重點(diǎn)單詞和短語(yǔ)的用法并了解語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)冠詞、數(shù)詞，能夠討論人口問(wèn)題及由人口問(wèn)題帶來(lái)的其他問(wèn)題。難點(diǎn)：掌握本單元重點(diǎn)單詞和短語(yǔ)的用法并了解語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)冠詞、數(shù)詞，能夠討論人口問(wèn)題及由人口問(wèn)題帶來(lái)的其他問(wèn)題。重點(diǎn)知識(shí)梳理重點(diǎn)單詞互譯1.noise 2.prepare 3.筆記；隨筆 4.報(bào)告；匯報(bào)5.grow6.huge7.造成；引起8.麻煩；問(wèn)題9.increase10.birth11十億12.套房；公寓13.fifth14.rubbish15.寂靜的；安靜的16當(dāng)?shù)氐模槐镜氐?7.pollution18.public19.公共服務(wù)20.解決問(wèn)題重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)互譯1.稍等 2.closedown3.出生____________4.記筆記____________5.closeto___________6.撿起_____________重點(diǎn)句型必背（課文經(jīng)典句型）1.What’sthepopulationofChina?2.ThepopulationofChinaisabout1.37billion..3.That’salmostonefifthoftheworld’spopulation.4.Beijingisahugecitywithabigpopulatingthatcausealotofproblems.重點(diǎn)知識(shí)精講一、詞匯考點(diǎn)1.increasev.增大;增長(zhǎng)【例句】Therehasbeenanincreaseinprices.物價(jià)上漲了。Cinemaaudiencesareontheincrease.電影院觀(guān)眾在增加.【拓展】1.increasingadj.增長(zhǎng)的

decreasev.減少.2.做不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),后與by連用,表示“增加了……冶;與to連用,表示“增加到……冶。Therateofinflationincreasedby2%.通貨膨脹率增長(zhǎng)了2%。

Thepopulationhasincreasedfrom1.2millionto1.8million.

人口已從120萬(wàn)增長(zhǎng)到了180萬(wàn)。【練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇Thepopulationoftheearthveryfast.

A.increasedB.areincreasingC.isincreasing

根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成單詞

Wemust(增加)theproduction.2.need.v.需要【例句】Sheneedsanewcoat.她需要一件新外套?！就卣埂?.need表示“需要",強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀(guān)性。need做行為動(dòng)詞時(shí),用法如下:

needsth.需要某物

needtodosth.需要做某事

needdoingsth.(物體做主語(yǔ)時(shí),主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義)

·—Doyouneedtogoatonce?你需要馬上走嗎?—Yes,Ido.是的,我得馬上走。

·Yourroomneedscleaningeveryday.你的房間需要每天打掃。

2.need做行為動(dòng)詞,既可用于肯定句,也可用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。

·Heneedsyourhelp.(肯定句)他需要你的幫助。

·Hedoesn'tneedyourhelp.(否定句)他不需要你的幫助。

·—Doesheneedyourhelp?(疑問(wèn)句)他需要你的幫助嗎?

—Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.是的,他需要。/不,他不需要。

3.need做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化,后接動(dòng)詞原形,多用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。

·NeedIanswerthequestion?我需要回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎?【練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇

()1.Heneeds______timewithhischild.

A.spendsB.spendingC.tospendD.spend

()2.Tom______somemoneytobuybooks.

A.needtoborrowB.needstoborrowC.needsborrowD.needsborrowing

()3.Theflowersneed_____.

A.watersB.towaterC.wateringD.water

根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子

1.你爸爸需要幫助嗎?_____yourfather_____anyhelp?

2.你的車(chē)需要維修了。Yourcar_______________.

3.———我現(xiàn)在必須交作業(yè)嗎?———不,你不必。

—MustIhandinmyhomeworknow?—_____,______________.3.preparev.準(zhǔn)備、預(yù)備【例句】I’mgoingtopreparetheexam.我要著手準(zhǔn)備考試了?！就卣埂縫repare和preparefor的區(qū)別。Prepare：指準(zhǔn)備，賓語(yǔ)為所準(zhǔn)備的內(nèi)容。Preparefor：指為…做準(zhǔn)備，介詞for后的賓語(yǔ)多是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作要達(dá)到的目的或目標(biāo)?！揪毩?xí)】翻譯：1.他們正在準(zhǔn)備晚餐。_____________________________________________2.他們?cè)跒樾履曜鰷?zhǔn)備。_____________________________________________4.problemn.麻煩，問(wèn)題【例句】Doyouknowhowtosolvethisproblem?你知道怎樣解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎？【拓展】Problem和question的區(qū)別。Problem：指疑難的、困難的問(wèn)題、如數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題、失業(yè)問(wèn)題或令人困惑的事等相對(duì)比較麻煩的問(wèn)題。重在突出“難”。表解決時(shí)用solve。Question：指一般的問(wèn)題，需要解答的問(wèn)題。表解決時(shí)用answer?！揪毩?xí)】Canyouanswermy_________(問(wèn)題)？Youhavetosolvethe________(問(wèn)題)。5.birthn.出生【例句】Eachbaby’sbirthisagiftfromtheGod.每個(gè)孩子的出生都是上帝賜予的禮物?！就卣埂緽irthdayn.生日【練習(xí)】翻譯：他的出生給家庭帶來(lái)幸運(yùn)。________________________________________________6.pollutionn.污染【例句】Thereistoomuchpollutioninthecity.在這個(gè)城市里有太多污染?！就卣埂緼irpollution空氣污染noisepollution噪音污染environmentpollution環(huán)境污染Pollutev.污染【練習(xí)】翻譯：各種污染隨處可見(jiàn)。________________________________________________7.Servicen.公共服務(wù)，服務(wù)【例句】Themoderncityneedsbetterpublicservice.這座現(xiàn)在化城市需要更好的公共服務(wù)?！就卣埂縎ervice作“服務(wù)”講時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞，而作為“服務(wù)行為；公共設(shè)施；服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)”講時(shí)則可數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)為services?！揪毩?xí)】翻譯：謝謝你的貼心服務(wù)。________________________________________________句型點(diǎn)撥That’salmostonefifthoftheworld’spopulation,thatis,about7billion.Onefifth五分之一【分析1】Onefifth意為“五分之一”。英語(yǔ)中分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法為：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。當(dāng)分子大于1時(shí)，分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：·onethird三分之一·threefourths四分之三·one-hundredth百分之一【拓展】“分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞/代詞”做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由of后面的名詞或代詞來(lái)決定。

·Twothirdsofthetimehaspassed.三分之二的時(shí)間過(guò)去了。

·Fourfifthsofthestudentsaregoodatthegame.五分之四的學(xué)生都擅長(zhǎng)玩這個(gè)游戲。【練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇

()1.Aboutonefourthofthework_______doneyesterday.

A.wasB.isC.wereD.be

()2._______ofthepopulationherearefarmers.

A.TwothirdB.TwothirdsC.SecondthirdsD.TwothirdTherearetoomanypeopleintheworld.【分析1】toomuch意為“太多”。toomuch充當(dāng)形容詞用時(shí),too是副詞,用來(lái)修飾much,后接不可數(shù)名詞;toomuch充當(dāng)副詞用時(shí),可用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞;toomuch充當(dāng)代詞時(shí),后面不接名詞,代替上下文提到的事物,在句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.(副詞)看電視太多對(duì)你的健康有害。

·Toomuchwashappeningallatonce.(代詞)同時(shí)發(fā)生的事情太多了。【拓展】muchtoo只可起副詞作用,在句中修飾形容詞或副詞。

·It'smuchtooexpensive.那太貴了。

·Youwalkedmuchtoofaryesterday.昨天你散步走得太遠(yuǎn)了。辨析toomany，toomuch和muchtootoomany太多后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)toomanyapples太多的蘋(píng)果toomuch太多后接不可數(shù)名詞toomuchmilk太多的牛奶muchtoo太后接形容詞或副詞muchtoobig太大【助記】toomuch，muchtoo，用法區(qū)別看后頭。much后跟不可數(shù)，too后只跟形或副。toomany要記住，其后名詞必復(fù)數(shù)?！揪毩?xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇

()—Whyareyousotiredthesedays?—Well,Ihave______worktodo.

A.toomuchB.toomanyC.muchtooD.manytoo

選詞填空

1.Thedressis_______________(toomuch/muchtoo)smallforme.

2.Tomhastalked________________.Iam______________tired.(toomuch/muchtoo)3.ThesmalllocalschoolinParkvillecloseddownfiveyearsago.【分析1】closedown意為“（永久）關(guān)閉，關(guān)?！盩hefactorycloseddownaweekago.這家工廠(chǎng)一周前關(guān)閉了。【練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇Foshangovernmentclosed________manyfactoriesthatpollutedtheenvironmentseriouslylastyear.A.downB.inC.byD.out4.Ittakesanhourtogettherebybus.【分析1】take意為“耗費(fèi)（時(shí)間等）”【拓展】辨析：take，spend，pay與costtakeIt作形式主語(yǔ)花費(fèi)時(shí)間Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.spend主語(yǔ)是人花費(fèi)金錢(qián)或時(shí)間spend...onsth.spend...(in)doingsth.pay主語(yǔ)是人花費(fèi)金錢(qián)pay(sb.)(somemoney)forsth.cost主語(yǔ)是物花費(fèi)金錢(qián)Sth.cost(s)sb.somemoney.【練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇()1.

They

spend

too

much

time

____

the

report

A.

writing

B.

to

write

C.

on

writing

D.write()2.

--What

beautiful

shoes

you’re

wearing!

They

must

be

expensive.

--No，they

only

____

l0

yuan．

A．spent

B．cost

C．paid

D.took()3.

--Will

you

please

____

for

my

dinner

Peter?

--Sure!

A.

spend

B.

pay

C.

cost

D.take()4.

It

will

____

me

too

much

time

to

read

this

book.

A.

take

B.

cost

C.

spend

D.pay()5.This

science

book

____

me

a

great

amount

of

money.

A.

took

B.

cost

C.

used

D.spentManyyoungpeoplewanttoleavethecountrysidebecausetheywanttofindjobsinthecity.【分析1】leavethecountryside意為“離開(kāi)農(nóng)村”。leave的用法如下：1)leave作及物動(dòng)詞，其后可以直接跟賓語(yǔ)，意為“離開(kāi)，舍棄”。Helefthomewithoutbreakfast.他沒(méi)吃早飯就離開(kāi)了家。2)leave還有“忘了帶，留下”之意。Ileftmybookatho我把書(shū)忘在家里了。3)leavefor表示“啟程去某地”I’llleaveforShanghainextweek.下周我要去上海。job是可數(shù)名詞，意為“工作；職業(yè)”Therearen’tenoughjobsforsomanypeople.沒(méi)有足夠的工作給如此多的人?！就卣埂勘嫖觯簀ob與workjob可數(shù)名詞指具體的職業(yè)或零工work不可數(shù)名詞指人們?nèi)粘Ｉ詈凸ぷ髦袕氖碌捏w力或腦力勞動(dòng)MrGreenchangedhisjob.格林先生換了工作。Ihavelotsofworktodo.我有許多工作要做。【練習(xí)】完成句子他八年前就離開(kāi)了家。He____________eightyearsago.單項(xiàng)選擇()Scotthasaninteresting_____.Heworksataradiostation.Hehasmuch____todo.

A.job;work

B.work;job

C.job;worksD.jobs;works6....weareworkingtomakethemevenbetter.【分析1】even副詞，意為“還；更加”，用于修飾比較級(jí)，以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。Idoitevenbetterthanbefore.我做得比以前更好了?！就卣埂啃揎棻容^級(jí)的詞還有：much,alittle/bit,far等。It’smuchhottertoday.今天天氣熱多了。It’salittlecoldertoday.今天天氣稍有點(diǎn)冷?！揪毩?xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇()It's___moreimportanttohavehappychildren.A.evenB.afewC.quiteD.alotof7.Ourworldisfacingmanyproblems.【分析1】face此處用作動(dòng)詞，意為“面對(duì)；面臨”。face作動(dòng)詞時(shí)還可意為“面向，正對(duì)”。facedanger面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)facethedifficulty應(yīng)對(duì)困難Thehousefacesthepark.這座房子對(duì)著公園?！就卣埂?)face還可用作名詞，意為“臉”。表示在臉上時(shí)，多用介詞on。Thereisasmileonherface.她面帶微笑。2)常用短語(yǔ)：facetoface面對(duì)面，makeaface做鬼臉?！揪毩?xí)】完成句子他們正面臨著危險(xiǎn)。They__________danger.Withmoreandmorepeopleintheworld,moreandmorewaterisused.【分析1】moreandmore“越來(lái)越多”,是“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu),該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“越來(lái)越……”。

·It'sgettingworseandworse.情況變得越來(lái)越糟。

多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)形容詞或副詞在“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)中應(yīng)用作“moreandmore+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)”?！就卣埂俊皌he+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……，越……”Themore,thebetter.越多，越好?！揪毩?xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇

（）1.Whenwintercomes,daysget______.

A.longandlongB.shortandshortC.shorterandshorterD.moreandmoreshort

（）2.Farmershavebecome_____inourhometowninrecentyears.

A.moreandmorerichB.richerandricherC.moreandmorericherD.richandrich

9.Asaresult,gettinggood,cleanwaterisbecomingaprobleminmanyplaces.【分析1】gettinggood,cleanwater“獲得好而干凈的水”是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.吃得太多對(duì)你的健康不好。WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.看太多電視對(duì)你的眼睛有害?！就卣埂縿?dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式?！揪毩?xí)】完成句子早起是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。__________isagoodhabit.10.Morethan3.4millionpeopledieeachyearfromdrinkingandwashingwithdirtywater.【分析1】diefrom死于……Thatoldmandiedfromanaccident.那位老人死于一場(chǎng)事故?！就卣埂勘嫖觯篸iefrom與dieofdiefrom表示“由于……而死”，其原因常是來(lái)自事物的外部，如事故、粗心、缺乏食物/水以及工作過(guò)量等dieof表示“因……而死”，其原因多是來(lái)自食物內(nèi)部，如情感、疾病等?！揪毩?xí)】用diefrom與dieof填空在有些地方，人們死于交通事故。Insomeplaces,people__________trafficaccidents.她死于疾病。She__________illness.三、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法冠詞：冠詞不定冠詞a基本用法用于輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞前必背內(nèi)容1.ausefulbook2.aEuropeancountry3.aone-monthholiday4.以u(píng)ni-開(kāi)頭的單詞常用冠詞a;如:university,uniform,unit,unique5.和冠詞a連用的字母:Bb,Cc,Dd,Gg,Jj,Kk,Pp,Qq,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Yy,Zzan基本用法用于元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞前必背內(nèi)容1.anhonestman/anhour/anhonor2.anuglygirl/anurgente-mail3.aneight-year-oldboy/aneleven-year-oldgirl4.以u(píng)n-開(kāi)頭的單詞(注意不是uni-)前常用冠詞an;如:uncle,unusual,unlucky,unhappy,unhealthy,unfortunate,unforgettable,untidy,unpleasant,uncommon,unknown,uncomfortable,unnecessary5.和冠詞an連用的字母:Aa,Ee,Ff,Hh,Ii,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Rr,Ss,Xx定冠詞the基本用法1.特指/雙熟悉(特指某人或物/談話(huà)雙方都知道的人或物)2.上文已提及(上文已經(jīng)提到的人或事物)3.世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二(指世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物)4.序數(shù)形最高(用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)前)5.普通專(zhuān)有名(用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有名詞前,如:theGreatWall)6.姓氏和樂(lè)器(用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前,表示“全家人冶,如:theSmiths;用在樂(lè)器名稱(chēng)前,如:playthepiano)7.方位/一類(lèi)人(用在方位詞前,如:ontheleft;用在某些形容詞前,表示某一類(lèi)人,如:therich表示“富人”)必背內(nèi)容下列情況不用定冠詞:1.在學(xué)科名稱(chēng)、三餐和球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)名稱(chēng)前2.在星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日前3.可數(shù)名詞前已有做定語(yǔ)的物主代詞my,your,his,her等;指示代詞this/these,that/those;不定代詞some,any等以及所有格限制時(shí)4.復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類(lèi)人或事物時(shí)5.某些固定詞組中不用冠詞。如:bybus,bycar,bybike,bytrain,byair,byship,athome,atnoon,onfoot數(shù)詞的表達(dá)：1.“百”是hundred，“幾百幾十幾”的表達(dá)是在百位和十位之間加and。200twohundred235twohundredandthirty-five205twohundredandfive2.“千”是thousand，英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有一個(gè)固定的表示“萬(wàn)；十萬(wàn)”的詞,但可以用thousand來(lái)表示。2,000twothousand(兩千)20,000twentythousand(兩萬(wàn))200,000twohundredthousand(二十萬(wàn))3.“百萬(wàn)”是million，百萬(wàn)以及百萬(wàn)以上的表達(dá)是：2,000,000twomillion(兩百萬(wàn))20,000,000twentymillion(兩千萬(wàn))200,000,000twohundredmillion(兩億)4.四位數(shù)及四位以上的數(shù)的讀法，只在百位之后加and，而千位、萬(wàn)位以上的數(shù)后面不加任何詞，只按順序讀。1,234onethousandtwohundredandthirty-four5,864,327fivemillioneighthundredandsixty-fourthousandthreehundredandtwenty-seven【即學(xué)即練】一、寫(xiě)出下列各數(shù)1.547,168,0002.854,362,7423.1,475,683二、用a/an填空1.HeisnowlivinginEuropeancountry.2.elephantisheavierthanasheep.3.Thewordbeginswith“f”andendswitha“d”.4.Wegoswimmingfourtimesweek.5.MrGreeniswaitingforyou.6.HeboughtEnglish-Chinesedictionarythismorning.dictionaryisverygood.7.WearegoingtoGreatWalltomorrow.8.Openwindowplease.9.BeijingiscapitalofChina.10.Whichisbiggest,sun,earthormoon?三、單項(xiàng)選擇1.InChina,bicycleispopularmeansoftransportation(交通).A.the;aB.a;/C.the;theD.a;the2.Ioftenstayathometodosomecleaningatweekends.A.the;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the3.Theboywasillinhospital.A.theB.aC./D.an4.Whatheavyrainitis!A.aB.theC./D.an5.Remembertotakethemedicinethreetimesday.A.aB./C.theD.an6.People,especiallyteens,thinkitisgreatfuntosurfonInternet.A.a;theB.a;/C./;theD.the;/7.Alow-carbon(低碳)lifestylehaseffectonourdailylife.Peoplearepayingmoreandmoreattentiontosavingthesedays.A.an;energyB.a;energyC.an;energiesD.a;energies8.Thankyousomuch.Ireallylikescarfyougavemeyesterday.Itlooksverynice.A.aB.theC./D.an9.goodideasuddenlycametomethatImightusepocketmoneytobuyagiftformyfatheronFather’sDay.A.A;theB.The;theC.The;/D.An;the10.—HowdoyoulikeLondon?—It’sgreat.Iloveit.A./;aB.the;/C./;/D./;the鞏固練習(xí)一、寫(xiě)出下列各句的同義句。1.Howdoyoulikethisbook?Whatdoyou_________thisbook?2.Thecityhasahistoryofover1,000years.Thecityhasahistoryof________1,000years.3.Becauseoftheseatbelt,hewasnothurtbadly._________theseatbelt,hewasnothurtbadly.4.Howmany