山西省朔州市偏嶺中學2021-2022學年高三英語模擬試題含解析

山西省朔州市偏嶺中學2021-2022學年高三英語模擬試題含解析一、選擇題1.---DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?---No,nosooner________thanithappened.A.hadshegone

B.shehadgone

C.hasshegone

D.shehasgone

參考答案：A2.________thereisgoingtobeapolicychange_________ofthosethingsisgoingtochange.A.Unless;few

B.Until;few

C.Unless;none

D.Until;none參考答案：C3.____alongthequietroadatfortymilesanhour,andthenanoldmansuddenlystartedtocrosstheroadinfrontofme.A.Driving

B.WhenIwasdriving

C.Iwasdriving

D.Havingdriven參考答案：C4.Weknowthatourpetdogsandcatscanrecognizeourfaces,butourpetfish?AteamofscientistsfromtheUKandAustraliahavediscoveredthatarcherfishcandistinguishhumanfaces!A.rememberB.tellapartC.recognizeD.attack參考答案：B5.RainstormscontinuedtohitmostpartsofsouthernChina,

millionsofpeoplethere.A.affected

B.toaffectC.affecting

D.havingaffected參考答案：C6.Whydidthewomanmoveout?A.Shedislikedtheroomthatwastoosmallforher.

B.Herroommatewasalwaysmakingnoiseintheroom.

C.Herroommatesaidsomethingthatmadeherangry.參考答案：C7.Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattention，

tomissanypoint．A．nottrying

B．tryingnotC．totrynot

D．nottotry參考答案：B考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語做伴隨狀語及動詞不定式的否定式。句中l(wèi)isten和trynottomiss為同時進行的動作，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式做伴隨狀語。又動詞不定式的否定式要在其前加not.故選B。8.Itdoesn’tmatterifyouhavemademistakes._______fromyourmistakesandyou’llmakeprogress.A.Learning

B.Learn

C.Tolearning

D.Tolearn參考答案：B9.Itwouldseemtobeageneraltruth__________nothingisasstraightforwardasitatfirstseems.A.that

B.when

C.what

D.if參考答案：A10.Lindafeltsomeone_____onherwayhomefromworkyesterdayevening，andthereforeshewasfrightenedandlookedbackfromtimetotime.A.followed

B.wouldfollow

C.hadfollowed

D.wasfollowing參考答案：D11.____intheUnitedStates,StLouishasnowbecomethe4thlargestcity.A.Itisthe24thbiggestcity B.Itwasthe24thbiggestcityC.Beforethe24thbiggestcity

D.Oncethe24thbiggestcity參考答案：D12.Onseeing______gifttheywanted，thekidsscreamedwith______delight.A./;a B.a；the C.the；/ D.the；a參考答案：C13.OnlymaycousinhaschosentoapplyforajobinAfrica

themajorityofthisyear’sgraduatesworkinginBritain.A．incommonwith B．a(chǎn)swellas C．incontrastto D．byreasonof參考答案：C14.Salesdirectorisaposition______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A.whose B.where C.what D.that參考答案：B【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：銷售經(jīng)理是一個交流能力和銷售能力一樣重要職位。本句是定語從句，先行詞position在定語從句中做地點狀語，把position放回從句中，在從句中充當?shù)某煞謶恰皁nthisposition”，用關(guān)系副詞where。故選D?！军c睛】定語從句關(guān)系詞的選擇：1、劃分句子成分，細心甄別答案。我們確定了考查的是定語從句后，接下來就要判斷選用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞表意不同，在從句中的作用也不同。關(guān)系代詞一般作主語，賓語。表語等，主要有既指人又指物的that，指人的who（主語），whom(賓語)，只指物的which或as。指“人的”或“物的”時，要用whose。而關(guān)系副詞一段作狀語等，主要有when（作時間狀語）,why（原因狀語）,where.（地點狀語）。2、依托語境邏輯，選對關(guān)系詞。要注意分清它們在定語從句充當什么成分。有時候，僅僅依靠語法規(guī)則，很難正確判斷關(guān)系詞，還要結(jié)合空格前后所提供的語境以及邏輯來選擇3、結(jié)合從句提供的語境和句子的邏輯意義來判斷。4、確定先行詞，可將先行詞還原到從句中。1)Whatwasthenameofthemanwho/thatlentyouthemoney借錢給你的那人叫什么名字?（定語從句修飾先行詞theman,theman在定語從句中當主語，指人即可用who又可用that）2)Thisisthefactorythat/whichwevisitedtwodaysago.這是我們兩天前參觀過的工廠。（thefactory在定語從句中做visit的賓語,做賓語指物，既可用which，也可用that）3)Therearesomepeoplewhosefacesyoucanneverforget.有些人,他們的臉你永遠難以忘懷。（定語從句修飾先行詞people，people在定語從句中當定語,修飾faces,即他們的臉，人的/物的，要用whose）4)IrecentlywentbacktothetownwhereIwasborn.我最近曾回過一次我出生的城市。(先行詞是thetown,在定語從句中表示出生的地點，當?shù)攸c狀語，有where，where=inwhich)5)Pleasetellmethereasonwhy（forwhich）youmissedtheplane.請告訴我你誤機的原因。(先行詞是thereason，在定語從句中表示missedtheplane的原因，當狀語,用why，why=forwhich)6)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.我仍然記得我第一次來到這所學校的那一天。(先行詞是theday，在定語從句中表示cametothisschool的日子，做時間狀語葉要用when，when=onwhich)7)Asiswellknowntous,thetelephonehasbroughtusmuchconvenience.=Thetelephonehasbroughtusmuchconvenience，asiswellknowntous.正如大家所知道的（眾所周知），電話給我們帶來了許多方便（as在定語從句中指代后面的一整個句子thetelephonehasbroughtusmuchconvenience眾所周知，電話已經(jīng)給我們帶來很多方便。As引導非限制性定語從句時，有“正如，就像”。既可置于句首也可置于句末。）15.Weprovidevariouscoursesduringthesummervacation.Youcanchoose

______youareinterestedin.A.

that B.one C. each D.It參考答案：B16.________thechilddevelopedthehabitofgettinguptoolatermadehismotherworriedandangry.A．What

B．If

C．Whether

D．That參考答案：D試題分析：該題考查名詞性從句。made之前是主語從句，且不缺少任何成分，所以用that來引導。二、新的題型17.Empathyistheabilitytoimaginewhatitmustbelikeinsomeoneelse’ssituation.Itisanessentialpartofwhatitmeanstobehuman,totheextentthatwearesuspiciousofanyonewhodoesnotshowempathyintheirbehavior.___46___Wereadnovels,watchtelevisionandgotothetheatre,andpartofourenjoymentcomesfromunderstandingthedilemmafacedbythecharactersbecauseweknowhowwewouldfeelifwewereinthesamesituation.___47___Onestudyhasshownanimalsdisplayingempathytowardsotheranimalsandtowardshumans.Creaturesfromacrosstheanimalkingdomsuchasbeesandwhales,aswellasdomesticpets,displaybehaviorthatsuggeststheycooperatewithandprotecteachother.Inanotherstudy,psychiatristJulesMassermanandhisteamconductedanexperimentwithmonkeysinwhichthemonkeyspulledoneoftwochainsthatreleasedfood.Onechainsimplyreleasedthefood,whileanothergaveanelectricshocktoasecondmonkey.Thefirstmonkeystoppedpullingthechainthatdeliveredtheshock.____48____Thisempatheticbehaviorwasobservedinanumberofmonkeys.Theoriginofempathyisprobablytheneedfortheyoungofallanimalspeciestobecaredfor.Theycommunicatethisrequirementbycryingforattentionandtoshowpain.Bothhumanandnon-humanyoungweremorelikelytosurviveiftheirparentsreactedpositivelytotheirneeds.Peopleandanimalsalikearesocialbeingsandaremorelikelytoworktogether.____49____Ifwehelpothers,wearealsohelpingourselvesandsoempathyissensibleandrealistic.Wedon’talwaysdisplayempathy,however.Justasanimalsreactaggressivelytounknowncreaturesfromtheirownorotherspecies,humanstendtoregardpeopletheydon’tknowwithsuspicion.____50____Ourunwillingnesstotrustanyoneunfamiliarisasnaturaltousasourempathytowardsthoseweknowandlove.A.Tofeelempathyisnotrestrictedtoreallife.B.Youcanempathizewithsomeonewithoutfeelingsympathyforthem.C.Thisfearofstrangerswill,webelieve,protectusfrompersonaldanger.D.Itseemedtobewillingtogohungryratherthanseeafellowanimalsuffer.E.However,itseemsthatinfactempathymaynotbeaqualityuniquetohumans.F.Empathyplaysaroleinthatasitallowsustounderstandourfellowhumansbetter.G.It’scertainlydifficulttounderstandananimal’sintentionbehindanemphaticresponse.參考答案：46.A

47.E

48.D

49.F

50.C本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是關(guān)于“同理心”。同理心是一種想象他人處境的能力。這是人性的一個重要組成部分，以至于我們對任何在行為中沒有表現(xiàn)出同理心的人都持懷疑態(tài)度?！?6題詳解】該空位于句首，引出下文。下文提示“我們讀小說，看電視，去劇院，我們的部分樂趣來自于理解角色所面臨的困境，因為我們知道如果我們處于相同的處境，我們會有什么感覺?！背薪酉挛?，A項Tofeelempathyisnotrestrictedtoreallife.（感同身受并不局限于現(xiàn)實生活。）切題。故選A?！?7題詳解】下文提示“一項研究表明，動物對其他動物和人類表現(xiàn)出同理心?！背薪酉挛?，E.However,itseemsthatinfactempathymaynotbeaqualityuniquetohumans.（然而，似乎同理心并不是人類獨有的一種品質(zhì)。）切題。上段說的是關(guān)于“人類的感同身受”，該項中的However“然而”與上段構(gòu)成“轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系”，并引出下文。故選E?！?8題詳解】上文提示“第一只猴子停了下來?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文提示“這種移情行為在許多猴子身上都觀察到了?！背薪由舷挛?，D項Itseemedtobewillingtogohungryratherthanseeafellowanimalsuffer.（它似乎寧愿挨餓也不愿看到同伴受苦。）切題。故選D?！?9題詳解】上文提示“人和動物一樣都是社會性動物，更有可能在一起工作?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文提示“如果我們幫助別人，我們也在幫助自己，所以同理心是明智和現(xiàn)實的。”承接上下文，F(xiàn)項Empathyplaysaroleinthatasitallowsustounderstandourfellowhumansbetter.（同理心在其中扮演了一個角色，因為它讓我們更好地理解我們的人類同胞。）切題。故選F?！?0題詳解】上文提示“正如動物對來自它們自己或其他物種的未知生物的攻擊性反應一樣，人類傾向于用懷疑的眼光看待他們不認識的人?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文“我們不愿意相信任何不熟悉的人，這對我們來說很自然，就像我們對認識和愛的人產(chǎn)生同理心一樣?！背薪由舷挛模珻項Thisfearofstrangerswill,webelieve,protectusfrompersonaldanger.（我們相信，這種對陌生人的恐懼會保護我們免受人身危險。）切題。故選C。三、閱讀理解18.Neuroscientistshaveexplainedtherisky,aggressiveorjustplainconfusingbehaviorofteenagersastheproductofabrainthatissomehowcompromised.Groundbreakingresearchinthepast10years,however,showsthatthisviewiswrong.Theteenbrainisnotdefective（有缺陷的）.Itisnotahalf-bakedadultbrain,either.Ithasbeenforgedbyevolutiontofunctiondifferentlyfromthatofachildoranadult.Foremostamongtheteenbrain’sfeaturesisitsabilitytochangeinresponsetotheenvironmentbymodifyingthecommunicationnetworksthatconnectbrainregions.Itallowsteenagerstomakeenormousstridesinthinkingandsocialization.Butthechangealsomakesthemsensitivetodangerousbehaviorandseriousmentaldisorders.Themostrecentstudiesindicatethattheriskiestbehaviorarisesfromamismatchbetweenthematurationofnetworksinthelimbicsystem（邊緣系統(tǒng)）,whichdrivesemotionsandintensifiesatpuberty（青春期）,andthematurationofnetworksintheprefrontalcortex（前額皮質(zhì)）,whichoccurslaterandpromotessoundjudgmentandthecontrolofimpulses.Indeed,wenowknowthatone’sprefrontalcortexcontinuestochangeprominentlyuntilhis20s.Andyetpubertyseemstobestartingearlier,extendingthe“mismatchyears”Theplasticityofnetworkslinkingbrainregions–andnotthegrowthofthoseregions,aspreviouslythought—iskeytoeventuallybehavinglikeanadult.Understandingthat,andknowingthatawideninggapbetweenthedevelopmentofemotionalandjudgmentnetworksishappeninginyoungpeopletoday,canhelpparents,teachers,counselorsandteenagersthemselves.Peoplewillbetterseethatbehaviorsuchasrisk-taking,sensation-seeking,andturningawayfromparentsandtowardpeersarenotsignsofcognitiveoremotionalproblems.Theyareanaturalresultofbraindevelopment,anormalpartofadolescentslearninghowtonegotiateacomplexworld.Thesameunderstandingcanalsohelpadultsdecidewhentointervene.A15-year-oldgirl’sdeparturefromherparents’tastesinclothing,musicorpoliticsmaybeasourceofanxietyforMomandDadbutdoesnotindicatementalillness.A16-year-oldboy’stendencytoskateboardwithoutahelmetortoacceptriskychallengesfromfriendsisnotunimportantbutismorelikelyasignofshort-rangethinkingandpeerpressurethanadesiretohurthimself.Otherexploratoryandaggressiveactionsmightberedflags,however.Knowingmoreabouttheuniqueteenbrainwillhelpallofuslearnhowtoseparateunusualbehaviorthatisage-appropriatefromthatwhichmightindicateillness.Suchawarenesscouldhelpsocietyreducetheratesofteenaddiction,motorvehicleaccidentsanddepression.58.HowisParagraphImainlydeveloped?A.Bydrawingacomparison.B.Byconfirmingaprediction.C.Bymakinganassumption.D.Bycorrectingamisunderstanding.59.Whatcanweknowaboutthechangeabilityofteens’brains?A.Itispredictableandavoidable.B.Itisadouble-edgedsword.C.Itisrelatedtotheirbraindevelopmentinthechildhood.D.Itresultsfromseriousfunctionaldisorders.60.ThelimbicsystemandtheprefrontalcortexarementionedinParagraph3to______.A.showhowthemismatchbetweentheirmaturationofnetworkshappensB.explaintherelationshipbetweenearlypubertyandthemC.explainwhatleadstoteens'riskiestbehaviorD.showthedifferencesbetweenthem參考答案： 58-60DBC 19.（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下框A~F選項中選出能概括每段主題的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。選項中有一項為多余項。

OnthetrainfromNewYorktoBoston,Ifoundnexttomesatanelderlyblindgentleman.MyPhDdirectorwasablindman,soIstartedatalkwithhim.Tomyenjoyment,theblindmanwasagoodtalker,sowesharedahappyandinterestingjourney.ItwasthenatimewhenaracialconflictbrokeoutinLosAngeles,soourtopicturnedtotheracialprejudice.

TheoldmantoldmehewasbornintheSouthandthathewasbroughtuptobelieveblackpeoplewerealowerrace.IntheSouthhehadnevergonetodinnerorschoolwithblackpeople.Theirfamilyhadusedblackservants.

Thenhewenttoschoolinthenorth.Oncehisclassappointedhimtoorganizeapicnic.Hewentsofarastoattachtotheinvitationthemessage“Wereservetherighttorefuseanyone”.IntheSouthitmeans“Negroesarenotwelcome”.Thisarousedahugerowintheclass,andtheirformteacherdealthimaseverescolding.Hewenton.Sometimeswhenhehappenedtobeservedbyablackassistantinashop,hewouldplacethemoneyonthecounterfortheblackmantotakesoastoavoidhand-to-handcontact.Iasked,smiling,“Soyouwouldn’tmarryapersonofcolour?”Hesaidlaughingly,“Ishutmyselfofffromthem,letalonemarryablackwoman.Truthtotell,atthattimeIthoughtanywhite