選修八第四單元詞匯vocabulary

Unit4Pygmalion1.hesitatevi.猶豫；躊躇(1)hesitatetodosth.猶豫做某事hesitateabout/over/at...對……感到猶豫(2)hesitationn.猶豫withouthesitation毫不猶豫地①PremierLisaid“Thegovernmentwillnot_________helpyououtofpoverty.”李總理說“政府會毫不猶豫地幫你擺脫貧困?！雹赟heseemsto_____________________theprivatequestion.她好像不愿意回答這個私人問題。hesitatetohesitateaboutanswering③Heacceptedthejobwithouthesitation.他毫不遲疑地接受了這份工作?！臼煸~生義】讀句子猜含義Embarrassmentcausedthespeakertohesitate.()口吃；話語吞吐【高考鏈接】(2009·福建高考)Weareatyourservice.Don’t_______toturntousifyouhaveanyfurtherproblems.A.begB.hesitateC.desireD.seek【解析】選B。2.mistakenadj.錯誤的;不正確的mistaken．&v．錯誤，過失；弄錯，誤解，把……誤認為拓展：bemistakenabout誤會……

bemistakenfor被誤認為是bymistake錯誤地make...mistake(s)in在……的錯誤makeamistake犯錯誤

運用：在橫線上填上適當?shù)慕樵~或完成句子1)Someonemusthaveleftthedooropen______mistake.2)Wemayhavemadeamistake__________ourcalculations.3)Tomdidn'tmake_______________________(犯一點拼寫錯誤)inhiscomposition.4)You____________________entirely.(誤解我的意思了)5)Hewas____________________theminister.(被誤認為是)6)Ivan'sworkisalways____________________.(有很多錯誤)

3.remarkn.談?wù)?；言論；評述

vt.&vi.談?wù)?；評論；說起(1)makearemarkon/upon...=remarkon/upon對……作出評論/發(fā)表看法remarkthat...評論說……(2)remarkableadj.

非凡的；顯著的①(2011·江蘇高考)Ican’tdenythatherremarkshurtme.不可否認她的話傷害了我。②Don’tmakeruderemarkson/uponherappearance.不要對她的容貌胡亂評論。③Someexperts_____________theeducationalcauseshouldfacereality.有些專家評論說教育應(yīng)該面對現(xiàn)實。④Thewriter,MoYan,__________________________inwriting.作家莫言在寫作上取得了非凡的成績。remarkedthatgotremarkableachievements4.Buttheybetraythemselveseverytimetheyopentheirmouths.

但是他們一張嘴就會露出馬腳。1)betrayoneself無意中暴露出本性;背叛；暴露出e.g.Quitealotofpeoplewillbetraythemselveswhentemptedbymoney.

Iwon’tbetrayhistrust.Shewouldnotbetrayhissecretstome.Hisfacebetrayedthathewasangry.betray+n./n.+to表示“出賣,背叛,辜負”;betray+n./n.+(tobe)-that表示“無意中顯示,暴露”。其名詞形式為betrayal,如:anactofbetrayal背叛的行為。歸納拓展完成句子。Hebetrayedhisfriends_____theenemy.2.Hisaccentatoncebetrayedthefact_____hewasaforeigner.tothat5.condemnvt.譴責；使……注定；判處condemnsb./sth.as譴責/指責某人/物為……condemnsb.todosth.使某人注定做某事condemnsb.tosth.迫使(某人)處于(某種)狀態(tài)；使某人注定……becondemnedtodeath被判死刑①Hisbadlegcondemnedhimtoawheelchair.他的殘腿使他不得不坐在輪椅上。②Themeat________________unfitforhumanconsumption.這種肉不適合人們食用。wascondemnedas③He_____________________formurder.他因謀殺罪被判處死刑。【點津】(1)condemn表示“宣判、判處”時與sentence相同。(2)becondemnedto與bedoomedto意義相同,都表示“注定會……”。wascondemnedtodeath6.acquaintancen.

相識；了解；熟人①Imadehisacquaintanceataparty.=Imadetheacquaintanceofhimataparty.我是在一個聚會上認識他的。②Hehassomelittleacquaintancewiththelanguage.他稍微會一點兒這種語言。③Evenonfirstacquaintanceitwasclearthathewasamanofrichexperience.【歸納】填寫適當?shù)慕樵~maketheacquaintance__sb.結(jié)識某人___firstacquaintance初次見面haveacquaintance____sth./sb.對某事物/某人了解ofonwith7.fortune［U］成功；好運,運氣；［C］財富；大筆的錢(1)makeafortune發(fā)財seekone’sfortune外出找出路tryone’sfortune碰運氣(2)fortunateadj.幸運的befortunatetodosth./indoingsth.幸運地做某事(3)fortunatelyadv.幸運地①___________,thefirewasdiscoveredsoonafterithadstarted.Fortunately②Nowmanyvillagersgotothebigcitiesto_______________.現(xiàn)在很多村民去大城市碰運氣。③Sheis_________inhavingsuchakindhusband.她有這樣一位好心的丈夫,真是幸運。trytheirfortunefortunate【高考鏈接】(2010·全國卷Ⅰ)ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune_________.A.ismadeB.wouldmakeC.wastobemadeD.hadmade【解析】選C。8.superioradj.優(yōu)秀的；較高的；上級的

n.上級；長官觀察句子,寫出黑體部分的詞性和含義①Iacknowledgedhimasmysuperior.(

)②Whichofthetwomethodsissuperior?(

)③Asoldiermustobeyhissuperiorofficers.(

)④JohnsonissuperiortoMr.Wanginmaths.(

)n.長者,上級,長官adj.較好的,出眾的adj.上級的adj.比……優(yōu)越/好9.overlookvt.俯瞰；未看到；忽視；不理會觀察句子,寫出黑體部分的含義①Thehouseonthehilloverlooksthevalley.()②Heoverlookedaspellingerroronthefirstpage.()③I’lloverlookyourmistakethistime.()④Itiseasyforustooverlookourownfaults.()俯瞰未看到不理會忽視1.generallyspeaking一般來說①(2012·安徽高考)Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth.一般來說,一個人的智力極限在剛出生時就決定了。②_________________,womenlovechildrenbetterthanmendo.一般來說,女人比男人更愛孩子。【點津】

generallyspeaking相當于ingeneral或asageneralrule,表示“一般而言；大體上”。Generallyspeaking【拓展】補全下列“adv.+speaking”的短語_______speaking嚴格地說_________speaking就個人而言_______speaking坦率地說________speaking誠實地說strictlypersonallyfranklyhonestly【想一想】高考中經(jīng)常考查到評注性狀語,動腦想一想,我們平時學了哪些詞或短語作評注性狀語？【參考答案】評注性狀語是對整個句子進行解釋和說明,表明說話人的看法和態(tài)度,通常位于句首(間或位于句中或句尾),常用逗號與句子隔開。評注性狀語一般有下列幾種形式：一、副詞：personally,honestly,frankly,obviously,clearly,briefly,luckily,fortunately,naturally,actually等。例如：Briefly,theworkwasdonewell.簡言之,這份工作干得不錯。二、副詞短語：whatisworse,worsestill,strangelyenough,notsurprisingly等。例如：What’sworse,helosthisparentsintheaccident.更糟的是,他在這次事故中失去了雙親。三、動詞-ing短語：...speaking,judgingfrom等。注意這種-ing結(jié)構(gòu)與后面句子的主語沒有邏輯上的關(guān)系,因此不必變成過去分詞短語。例如：Judgingfromhisclothes,hemustbefromarichfamily.從他的衣著判斷,他一定來自一個富有的家庭。四、不定式短語：tobehonest,tomakethingsworse,totellthetruth,tobesure,tospeakfrankly等。例如：Tobehonest,thetwinsdon’tlookalikeatall.說實話,這對雙胞胎看上去一點都不像。五、介詞短語：ofcourse,from...pointofview,inshort,inbrief,inaword,toone’ssurprise,asamatteroffact,inactualfact,betweenourselves(youandme)等。例如：Asamatteroffact,theirsuggestionhasprovedpracticable.事實上,他們的建議證明是可行的。2.intermsof...就……來說；從……角度①Intermsofnaturalresources,itisoneofthepoorestcountriesinWesternEurope.從自然資源來看,它是西歐最窮的國家之一。②_________money,somearequiterich.從金錢的角度上說,有些人非常富有。ofInterms【拓展】翻譯下列term短語cometotermswith_________________________________關(guān)系良好/不好___________________就長/短期而言inone’sterms___________onequalterms_______________達成協(xié)議,和好beongood/badtermsinthelong/shortterm/run在某人看來在平等的條件下3.Willthatbeofanyusetoyou?那對你有用嗎？(1)介詞of后面接表抽象意義的名詞,如value,use,help,importance,significance等,相當于該名詞相對應(yīng)的形容詞。該名詞前面可以用表程度的詞加以修飾,如little,no,great,much,some等。(2)介詞of后面還可接一些表示人或物屬性的名詞,如size,color,height,length,age,shape,quality等,用來描述人或事物的屬性,在句中作表語或后置定語。句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Thebookwillbeveryvaluabletostudentsofhistory.=Thebookwillbe____________tostudentsofhistory.這本書對學歷史的學生將很有用。②Thetworoomsarethesameinsize.=Thetworoomsare______________.這兩個房間大小一樣。③TheNobelPrizeisveryimportanttoChineseliterature.=TheNobelPrizeis_________________toChineseliterature.這項諾貝爾獎對中國的文學很重要。ofgreatvalueofthesamesizeofgreatimportance4.show...in帶或領(lǐng)……進來①Itwasthenursewhoshowedmein.是護士把我領(lǐng)進來的。②Tom,pleaseshowourguestin.湯姆,請把我們的客人領(lǐng)進來。【拓展】

showsb.out領(lǐng)某人出去showsb.around/round...領(lǐng)某人參觀……showoff炫耀showup出席,到場onshow在展出選用上面短語填空③I_______theforeigners_______ourschool.我領(lǐng)著外國人參觀了我們的學校。④Whydidn’tyou________attheconferencelastnight?昨晚你為什么沒出席會議？showedaroundshowup5.inneedof需要……①Deedsarebetterthanwordswhenpeopleareinneedofhelp.當有人需要救助的時候,行動勝于言語。②Thehungrychildrenwere_________food.這些饑餓的孩子需要食物?！军c津】

inneedof表示“需要”；而inneed表示“在危難中,在困難中”。inneedof③Wearecollectingmoneyforchildren_______.我們在為貧困兒童募捐?！就卣埂垦a全下列“in+n.+of”短語in_______of為了...表示敬意in______of負責in_____of希望in_____of代替in______of支持in______of尋找in________of為了紀念

inneedhonourchargehopeplacefavoursearchmemory6.fadeout(聲音、畫面)逐漸模糊；漸淡fadeaway消失,逐漸減弱；褪色①Itwasdarkandallthesoundshad________.天黑了,所有的聲音已逐漸消失了。②Theideaseemedtofadeoutandtheclubwasneverformed.這個想法似乎被淡忘了,俱樂部始終沒有建立起來。③Theshapesfadedawayintothenight.那些影子消失在夜色中。fadedoutⅠ.選詞并用其適當形式填空compromise,acquaintance,hesitate,classify,overlook,horrible,comfort,mistake,fade,disgust1.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskmeforhelpwithout_________.2.Let’s___________andeachpayshalfthedamages.3.Wemustthinkhowwecanmaketheroommore___________foryou.4.IfI’mnot________,that’sthemanwesawonthebus.hesitationcompromisecomfortablemistaken5.Wecan________theseafromthewindowofourroom.6.Thatwasareally________thingtosay!7.Allmy_____________votedfortheplanIcameupwithatthemeeting.8.Ourhappinessbeganto____andourheartbegantogrowheavy.9.Thebooksinthelibraryare________accordingtothesubjects.10.His_________jokesmadeeverybodypresent_________.overlookhorribleacquaintancesfadeclassifieddisgustingdisgustedcompromise,acquaintance,hesitate,classify,overlook,horrible,comfort,mistake,fade,disgustⅡ.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1.Itisimpossibletomakethegirlanupperladybecauseofherphonetics.=Itisimpossibleto________________anupperladybecauseofherphonetics.2.It’sapleasuretogettoknowyoursister.=It’sapleasureto______________________yoursister.3.Wecoulddonothingbutlookathimsurprisedly.=Wecoulddonothingbutlookathim____________________.passthegirloffasmaketheacquaintanceofinsurprise/amazement5.Theplanewithloudnoisesdisappearedgraduallyinthedistance.=Theplanewithloudnoises_________inthedistance.6.Itisnecessarytocleanthehousethoroughlybeforewemovein.=Thehouseis_________athoroughcleaningbeforewemovein.7.Astosalary,thejobisgreat,butithasitsdisadvantages.=The