文本分析 課件

Chapter5

caseanalysis

文本分析texttextfunctionLinguisticformformalityNature&carrierRelationshipbetweenthepartiesinvolvedThanks,inquiry,complaint,applicationInvitation,grammarsyntaxsemanticformalinformaltense,voice,mood,agreement…simple,compound,complex,short,long,rhetoricmaxims,terse,clearnormativeuptocorrespondingstandardbiz,application,superior-underlingFriends,kinship,lovers語域register語場（field），語旨（tenor）和語式（mode）交談的話題以及場地等健康飲食教室食堂學術會議家庭交際雙方的社會角色關系母子師生專家學者新聞記者語言活動所采用的媒介或渠道口頭、筆頭電話采訪微信交流面對面交談學術報告SignificanceDevelopathoroughunderstandingofthetextsAchieveabetterwritingeffectsFacilitateabettercommunicationpurposeLeaveabetterimpressiononpersonsinvolved文本本身內容一、對象二、事由功能或效果（以大局/公事為導向---說服力強）2.訴求（具有普遍性----增強說服力）3.建議（具體、可行性強）三、落款文本外內容

sth.beyondlanguage一、語法(grammar)拼寫正確(correctspelling)語法正確(grammaticallyright)格式規(guī)范(inlinewithnorms二、語義(semantics)1.明確(clear-defined)2.簡潔(briefandtothepoint)3.有說服力(persuasiveandconvincing)三、語體(styles)Formal:seriousness,moreimportantInformal:somewhatcasual,moredailyDependsonsituationsandtargetedfunctions文本分析的視角語言學視角普通語言學功能語言學語域語用學視角言語行為理論合作原則禮貌原則會話含義（1）數(shù)量準則：（為當前的會話）提供足夠的信息；不要提供超于所需之外的信息。

（2）質量準則：說真話；不說缺乏足夠證據的話。

（3）關系準則：說話內容要同話題有關。

（4）方式準則：避免表達晦澀；避免歧義；說話要簡明且有條理。

語音、語調、詞匯、語法言語功能：命令、提問、陳述；拒絕、接受、認可、駁回；角色關系如何有效利用文本文本語言是否符合受眾的語言基礎文本圖式是否在受眾的認知范圍之內影響文本的因素有哪些如何根據既定目標調整文本，選擇材料，調整話語組合方式等Example1AskingtoOpeningthemeetingroomDeardirector:Alltheemployeesarelookingforwardyouadmissiontoopenthemeeting-roomandgivearticlesforactivitiessuchasChinesechessorpokes,sothatwecanhaveagoodrestorhavesomehelpfulactivitiesatnoon.RespectfullyyoursAllEmployeesJanuary12,2014Example2Askingforopeningthemeeting-RoomDearsir:allemployeesarelookforwardyouadmissiontoopenthemeeting-room,givearticlesforactivitiessuchasChinesechessorpokesetc,sowecanhavegoodrest,orhavesomehelpfulactivitiesatnoon.Respectfullyyours.AllEmployeesJan.1207Example3Reportdate:jan.12.2014To:themasterofcompanyFrom:allworkingstaffSubject:aboutopenthemeeting-roomforrelaxDearsirInthebreak,therearenosparetoallworkingstaffstoreleasetheworkingpressureinourcompany.Sothereisfreeinthemeetingroomatnoon-rest.Wewantopenthemeeting-roomatnoo-rest.A