中考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)-被動語態(tài)PPT

★掌握一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，（預(yù)習(xí)）一般將來時和帶有can，may，must等情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成和基本用法。

It’sveryimportantforustoprotecttheenvironment.Everydaymanytreesare

cutdown.Wasteisthrownaway.Theairis

polluted.Wastewaterispouredintorivers.Wildanimalsarekilled……

保護(hù)環(huán)境對于我們來說很重要.每天樹木在被砍伐.空氣被污染.廢物被亂扔.污水被排放到河里.野生動物被殺……

觀察下列句子并總結(jié).1.Manytreesarecutdown.2.Wasteisthrownaway.3.Theairispolluted.4.Wastewaterispouredintorivers.5.Wildanimalsarekilled……一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài):

am/is/are+過去分詞Exercise:Thebottle__________(fill)withhotwater.瓶子里裝滿了熱水。2.Cameras_________(use)fortakingphotos.相機是用來照相的.areusedisfilled3.Theclassroomisverycleanandit__________(clean)byuseveryday.4.Thetoysinthesupermarket________(make)inChina.

5.Beijingisabeautifulcityandit_________(visit)bymanypeopleeveryyear.

iscleanedaremadeisvisited

Thoughmomwasn’tathomelastnight,LilyandTedstillhadagooddinner.ThevegetableswerecutbyTed.Thefoodwas

cookedbyLily.Andafterthesupper,thedisheswerewashedbyLily.Thetablewas

wiped（擦）byTed.Thekitchenwascleanedbythemtwo.

盡管媽媽昨晚沒在家，麗麗和泰德仍然吃了一頓很好的晚餐。菜是被泰德切的。食物是被麗麗煮的。晚飯后，碗是被麗麗洗的。桌子是被泰德打掃的。廚房被他們打掃干凈。

觀察下列句子并總結(jié).1.ThevegetableswerecutbyTed.2.ThefoodwascookedbyLily.3.ThedisheswerewashedbyLily.4.ThetablewaswipedbyTed.5.Thekitchenwascleanedbythemtwo.一般過去時的被動語態(tài):

was/were+過去分詞Exercise:1.Anewmachine_______________(invent)lastmonth.一種新型機器上個月被發(fā)明。2.They___________(ask)aquestionbytheteacheryesterday.

昨天他們被老師問了一個問題。

wereaskedwasinvented

3.Thebook_____________(write)byhimlastyear.4.Ourschoolhasalonghistory.Andit___________(build)in1958.5.Manystudents___________(send)toAmericatostudybyourschoollastyear.

weresentwasbuiltwaswritten

Summary1一現(xiàn)被：Manytreesarecutdown.

2一過被：ThefoodwascookedbyLily.am/is/are+過去分詞was/were+過去分詞主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換：Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.Ourclassroomiscleaned主語謂語賓語byuseveryday結(jié)構(gòu)：主動語態(tài)：主語＋謂語＋賓語

被動語態(tài)：主語be+過去分詞by+賓語即:、主變賓、賓變主,謂語動詞變被動?！?注:主變賓即主語變?yōu)榻樵~by賓語)[注意]①把主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)時，句子的時態(tài)不能變。且be動詞和新主語保持一致。如上例，所給的主動句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，改為被動語態(tài)時，也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。②如果主動句中的主語是人稱代詞，改為被動句時作介詞by的賓語，要用賓格。如上例中的主語we改為us。歸納總結(jié)方法

把主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)可按“、、”來進(jìn)行。即：①變－－－把主動語態(tài)的賓語改為被動語態(tài)的主語，把主動語態(tài)的主語改為被動語態(tài)的介詞by的賓語。②套－－－根據(jù)原句的時態(tài)套用相應(yīng)時態(tài)。③注意－－注意人稱的變化而引起的主謂一致問題。例①ManypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishbymanypeople.②Hewashedhisshoesyesterday.Hisshoesbyhimyesterday.isspokenwerewashed一變二套三注意把主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)1.ShewaterstheflowerseverydayTheflowersarewateredbyhereveryday.3.Theydotheirhomeworkafterschool.Theirhomeworkisdonebythemafterschool.

2.I

bought

acomputerlastterm．Acomputer

wasbought(byme)lastterm.Stepfour:閱讀訓(xùn)練（內(nèi)容在講義中）Stepfive:讓學(xué)生把本節(jié)課所學(xué)內(nèi)容總結(jié)在筆記本上(在老師指導(dǎo)下）ThankyouforyourlisteningPractice1.Thesickboy______tohospitalbythepoliceyesterday. A.istakenB.wastakenC.takes D.took2.Thisschoolhasalonghistory.It____100yearsago.A.buildsB.builtC.wasbuiltD.hasbuilt

BC_____________________________3.TheOlympicGames____everyfouryears.

A.areheldB.wereheld

C.areholdingD.willhold.

4.-Who’sthelittleboyinthephoto,Susan?

-It’sme.Thisphoto____tenyearsago.

A.takesB.istaken

C.tookD.wastaken

AD__________________1.Thechildren____nottosmoke.A.aretoldB.toldC.tellD.aretelling2.English___byabout400millionpeopleintheworld.A.isspokenB.speaksC.speakD.arespoken3.Itissaidthatanewschool____heresoon.A.willbuildB.isbuiltC.willbebuiltD.isbuilding4.-MayIuseyourbike?-I’mafraidyoucan’t.

Itmust____now.A.repairB.berepairedC.repairedD.isrepaired5.Thisfamoustowerhasalonghistory.It____morethan300years.A.buildsB.builtC.bebuiltD.wasbuilt

AACBD_____________

觀察下列句子并總結(jié).1.Somenewbuildingswillbe

builtsoon.2.Moreimportantmeetings

willbeheldhere.3.Itwillbevisitedbymanypeople.4.Itwillbe

lovedbymoreandmorepeople.5.Webelieveitwillbeknownbythepeopleallovertheworld.1.Theletter________________(post)tomorrow.

這封信明天將被寄走.2.Anewfilm________________________(show)nextweek.

一部新電影下周將被上演.一般將來時的被動語態(tài):

will+be+過去分詞Practice:willbepostedwillbeshown/showed

觀察下列句子并總結(jié).1.Noeatinganddrinkingcan

beallowedinthechemistrylab.2.Thewastepapershouldbethrownintothepaperbasket.3.Nothingmay

betouchedwithoutpermission.4.Everythingmustbeputbackaftertheexperiment.5.Thelabshouldbekeptclean.

3.Thehardwork________________(finish)tomorrowandthenwe’llhaveatwo-dayoff.4.Aparty______________(hold)forgrandma’sbirthdaynextweek.5.Shehasmovedtothenewbuilding.Heroldhouse______________(sell)soon.

willbefinishedwillbeheldwillbesoldRulesfortheChemistryLab1.Noeatinganddrinkingcanbeallowedinthechemistrylab.2.Wastepapershouldbethrownintothepaperbasket.3.Nothingmaybetouchedwithoutpermission(允許).4.Everythingmustbeput

backaftertheexperiment.5.Thelabshouldbekeptclean.在實驗室里吃和喝不能被允許.實驗室應(yīng)該被保持整潔.廢紙應(yīng)該被扔進(jìn)紙簍里.

不得到允許,什么都不能(被)摸.實驗后每樣?xùn)|西必須被放回.

3.Theyoungtreesmust____________(look)afterwell.4.Wildanimalsshould_____________(protect).5.Theraisingoftheflagcan_________(see)everymorningatTiananmenSquare.

belookedbeprotectedbeseen人民所了解。

ChaoYangisveryfamousbothinBeijingandinChina.Somenewbuildingswillbe

builtsoon.Moreimportantmeetings

willbeheldhere.Itwillbevisitedbymanypeople.Itwillbe

lovedbymoreandmorepeople.Webelieveitwillbeknownbythepeopleallovertheworld.朝陽在北京和中國都很著名。新的建筑很快將被修建。更多重要會議將在這里被召開。它將被許多的人參觀。它將被越來越多的人所熱愛。我們相信它將被全世界

在被動語態(tài)中要注意的問題

一些使役動詞(let,have,make等)或感官動詞(see,hear,watch,notice等)在主動語態(tài)中后面接的動詞不定式不帶to，但改為被動語態(tài)時，要補上to。如：Thebossmakestheworkerswork18hoursaday.Theworkersaremadetowork18hoursadaybytheb