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高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)HumourousMomentsTheFatherandHisSon

Father:Youknow,Tom,whenLincoln___(be)yourage,he___(be)

averygoodpupil.Infact,he___(be)

thebestpupilinhisclass.

Tom:Yes,Father.I____(know)that.Butwhenhe____(be)

yourage,he____(be)

President

oftheUnitedStates.waswaswaswaswasknowWhoIstheLaziest?Father:Well,Tom,Iaskedyourteachertoday,andnowIwanttoaskyouaquestion.Whoisthelaziestpersoninyourclass?Tom:Idon'tknow,Father.Father:Oh,yes,youdo!Think!Whentheotherboysandgirlsarereadingandwriting,whositsinclassandonlywatcheshowtheotherpeoplework?Tom:Ourteacher,father.

動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是歷年高考英語(yǔ)測(cè)試的重中之重,每年試題一般不低于兩道。命題思路有三種:一是直接給出標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),考生能根據(jù)其作出選擇;二是給出時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),但所給時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有較強(qiáng)的干擾性,考生不能直接根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作出選擇,而需要結(jié)合語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行判斷;三是沒(méi)有任何時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),需要借助于上下文語(yǔ)境,才能作出正確判斷。

◆在歷年有關(guān)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考題中,共涉及了七種基本時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),其中以現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)考得最多。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成,時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)be動(dòng)詞表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。知識(shí)梳理一、命題特點(diǎn)◆高考命題中往往不會(huì)涉及單一的時(shí)態(tài),而是更多地側(cè)重于時(shí)態(tài)的交叉使用和時(shí)態(tài)干擾?!艨忌痤}時(shí)要認(rèn)真研讀題干,尋找盡可能多的“時(shí)間參照信息”,尤其是句中其他動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài),以及修飾動(dòng)詞的狀語(yǔ)信息等等。關(guān)于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)題,做題時(shí)應(yīng)首先根據(jù)主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)的關(guān)系確定是否是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,然后再根據(jù)有關(guān)時(shí)間信息確定用哪種時(shí)態(tài)?!暨€要注意的是不及物動(dòng)詞是不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)當(dāng)中。知識(shí)梳理二、應(yīng)考策略最常用的幾種時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配一般現(xiàn)在every…,sometimes,

at…,onSunday現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行now,現(xiàn)在完成for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastyears,always,recently一般過(guò)去yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow過(guò)去進(jìn)行thismorning,thewholemorning,allday,yesterday,fromninetotenlastevening…when,while過(guò)去完成…before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas一般將來(lái)next…,tomorrow,in…過(guò)去將來(lái)多用在間接引語(yǔ)中表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作以后的動(dòng)作一、對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查

1.考查其基本概念:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一個(gè)習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞always,everytime,nowandthen,occasionally,often,seldom,sometimes,usually等連用。但近幾年,對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)考生進(jìn)行干擾。1)Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrosstheopensea,which___thePacific,andwemetnostorm.(2005年遼寧卷)wascalledB.iscalledC.hadbeencalledD.hasbeencalled2.考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的替代用法:在以when,till/until,assoonas,bythetime,after,before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,在以if,unless,once等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句和以nomatter,however,evenif等詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,如果主句中的動(dòng)詞用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。

—Whatwouldyoudoifit__tomorrow?

—Wehavetocarryiton,sincewe’vegoteverythingready.(2005年全國(guó)卷)A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining

二、對(duì)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某時(shí)某刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),它常與表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如yesterday,lastyear,lastnight,theotherday,justnow,then,twodaysago,in1999,atthattime等。但是一般過(guò)去時(shí)也經(jīng)常用在沒(méi)有說(shuō)明過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子中,這是高考的命題方向。

Ibought

anewcarthreedaysago.Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschool____abroadtostudymedicinelastyear.(2005年上海卷)

A.sentB.weresent

C.hadsentD.hadbeensentnowbought三、對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查由上下文語(yǔ)境表示時(shí)間。1)—What’stheterriblenoise?—Theneighbors____foraparty(2004年北京卷)

A.havepreparedB.arepreparingC.prepareD.willprepare2)Becausetheshop_____,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.(2004年浙江卷34題)hascloseddownB.closeddownC.isclosingdownD.hadcloseddown3)—Areyoustillbusy?—Yes,I_____mywork,anditwon’ttakelong.A.justfinish B.amjustfinishing

C.havejustfinishedD.amjustgoingtofinish4)SinceIwonthebigprize,mytelephonehasn'tstoppedringing.People_____toaskhowIamgoingtospendthemoney.phone B.willphone C.werephoningD.arephoning5)Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_____sorapidly.ischanging B.haschanged C.willhavechanged D.willchange四、對(duì)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查

Iwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenitbegantorain.WhenitbegantorainIwaswalkingnow1.把過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在when,while,as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中考查。如果主句謂語(yǔ)和從句謂語(yǔ)都發(fā)生在過(guò)去,動(dòng)作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),表達(dá)談話背景;動(dòng)作時(shí)間短的用一般過(guò)去時(shí),表達(dá)新的信息?!猋ouwereoutwhenIdroppedinatyourhouse.—Oh,I____forafriendfromEnglandattheairport.(2004年福建卷)

A.waswaitingB.hadwaitedC.amwaitingD.havewaited2.把過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在某特定的語(yǔ)境中考查?!狧asSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?—Ihavenoidea.He____itthismorning.(2004年全國(guó)卷)

A.didB.hasdoneC.wasdoingD.haddone3.考查過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較。

Shirley____abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.(98)

A.haswrittenB.wroteC.hadwrittenD.waswriting五、對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的考查1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或表示經(jīng)驗(yàn)。2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)至今并可能繼續(xù)下去,常與for或since等短語(yǔ)連用。I_________(graduate)in1993andinthatyearI_______(begin)toteachEnglishinamiddleschool.I______(teach)thereforfiveyears.Fiveyearslater,I_______(move)toPinghu.I______________(teach)seniorEnglishinDanghuHighSchoolfornearly9yearseversincethen.graduatedbegantaughtmovedhavetaught/havebeenteaching1993now19989years5years1)Hewashopingtogoabroadbuthisparents____thattheywon’tsupporthimunlesshecanborrowmoneyfromthebank.(2005湖北)weredecidingB.havedecidedC.decidedD.willdecide2)Millionsofpounds’worthofdamage___byastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofEnglandlastnight.(2005重慶)hasbeencausedB.hadbeencausedC.willbecausedD.willhavebeencaused3)—Thewindowisdirty.—Iknow.It____forweeks.(2004全國(guó)卷)hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tcleanC.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned注:由終止性動(dòng)詞leave,arrive,come,go,return,begin,start,put,stop,start,put,stop,die,fall,buy,borrow,see等構(gòu)成的完成時(shí)不能與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。但這些終止性動(dòng)詞的否定式可以與for或since短語(yǔ)連用。Eg.Ihaven’tmethimfortwoyears.

3.考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去式的區(qū)別:一般過(guò)去時(shí)著重說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式等,與現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系,且句中一般有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ);而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)只說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情況,對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。

—Where_____therecorder?Ican’tseeitanywhere.(98NMET)—I____itrighthere.Butnowit’sgone.

A.didyouput;haveputB.haveyouput;putC.hadyouput;wasputtingD.wereyouputting;putTheCCTVhasbeenbroadcastingEnglishprogramseversince1977.1977now六、對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查構(gòu)成:

have/hasbeen+doing概念:

表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并且還可能繼續(xù)下去?,F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別如下:1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

Ihavewrittenanarticle.

Ihavebeenwritinganarticle.

2.有些延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,如live,teach,work,study,learn,stay等因現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)差別不大。Ihavelivedherefortenyears.=Ihavebeenlivingherefortenyears.Notes:表短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞(finish,marry,getup,come,go等)一般不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。強(qiáng)調(diào):已完成性強(qiáng)調(diào):持續(xù)性,未完成性1)Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy____goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.(2004年北京卷)hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider2)---Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.“---Iamtired.I____thelivingroomallday.A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted

七、對(duì)過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的考查過(guò)去完成時(shí),經(jīng)常以“過(guò)去”為背景,要想表達(dá)比這一背景更早的動(dòng)作,即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,常用此時(shí)態(tài)。Eg.Whenwegottothetheatre,theyhadsoldallthetickets.Whatapity!hadsoldgotNow過(guò)去的過(guò)去—GeorgeandLucygotmarriedlastweek.Didyougototheirwedding?—No,I___.Didtheyhaveabigwedding?(2004年湖北卷)A.wasnotinvitedB.havenotbeeninvitedC.hadn’tbeeninvitedD.didn’tinvite常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)有:

①把過(guò)去完成時(shí)放在含有when,before,after,until,assoonas等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中考查。

1)Whentheoldman___towalkbacktohishouse,thesun___itselfbehindthemountain.(2005年湖北卷)

A.started;hadalreadyhiddenB.hadstarted;hadalreadyhiddenC.hadstarted;washidingD.wasstarting;hid②把過(guò)去完成時(shí)放在by+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)或bythetime+從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))的句子里考查。

Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium___inBeijing.(2003年上海春)

A.wouldbecompletedB.wasbeingcompletedC.hasbeencompletedD.hadbeencompleted1.---Doyouworkhere?----No,Idon’treallyworkhere.I____untilthenewsecretarycomes.justhelpoutB.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingoutD.willjusthelpout舉一反三破定勢(shì)造成思維定式的干擾因素:comes從現(xiàn)主將誤選Djust完成時(shí)標(biāo)志誤選B題眼:Idon’treallyworkhere暫時(shí)性工作正確選項(xiàng)CJust的多義:1.剛2.正3.只不過(guò)4.引起祈使句2.I

_______inLondonformanyyears,butI’veneverregrettedmyfinaldecisiontomovebacktoChina.(重慶卷).livedB.wasliving

C.havelived

D.hadlived造成思維定勢(shì)的干擾因素:formanyyears完成時(shí)標(biāo)志誤選C/D解題關(guān)鍵:Formanyyears與現(xiàn)在無(wú)聯(lián)系一般過(guò)去時(shí)A一句辨析:1、現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)高考題點(diǎn)擊:1.---CanIhelpyou,sir?---Yes,Iboughtthisradiohereyesterday,butit_____.(96N)A.didn’twork B.won’twork C.can’twork D.doesn’twork2.I_____ping-pongquitewell,butIhaven’thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.(2001N)A.willplay B.haveplayed C.played D.playDD說(shuō)明:本題的干擾源為bought…yesterday,雖然是昨天買的,但強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在不響了,所以要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。選項(xiàng)B為次選項(xiàng)。說(shuō)明:常識(shí)告訴我們,一個(gè)人一旦獲得某種技能,一般是不會(huì)在短期內(nèi)失去的,所以需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。3.E-mail,aswellastelephone,_____animportantpartindailycommunication.(99上海)A.isplaying B.haveplayedC.areplaying D.play4.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_____sorapidly.(2001N)A.ischanging B.haschanged C.willhavechanged D.willchange說(shuō)明:E-mail正在日常通訊中起著重要的作用,故需用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);而E-mail是主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)。說(shuō)明:選擇移動(dòng)電話難的原因是由于科技正在飛速發(fā)展,所以要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);況且進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)常給人一種情感上的描述,表示說(shuō)話者的一種“感慨、贊賞、憤怒、斥責(zé)”等。AA5.---I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.(94N)---Oh,notatall.I_____hereonlyafewminutes.A.havebeen B.hadbeen C.was D.willbe6.---Youhaven’tbeentoBeijing,haveyou?---_____.HowIwishtogothere!(98N)A.Yes,Ihave B.Yes,Ihaven’t C.No,Ihave D.No,Ihaven’t說(shuō)明:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果和影響。我是幾分鐘前到的,可現(xiàn)在仍在這兒。一般過(guò)去時(shí)僅表示過(guò)去曾到過(guò)這兒,不表示現(xiàn)在還在這兒,所以與本句意思無(wú)關(guān)。說(shuō)明:從補(bǔ)充的句子“HowIwishtogothere!”可知“我”沒(méi)到過(guò)北京。AD7.---Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.---Iamtired.I_____thelivingroomallday.(98N)A.painted B.hadpainted C.havebeenpainting D.havepainted8.IwonderwhyJenny______usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.(N2002)A.hasn’twritten B.doesn’twrite C.won’twrite D.hadn’twrite說(shuō)明:這句話的意思是“我一整天都在刷起居室”,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始的一個(gè)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,而且還在進(jìn)行當(dāng)中。強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“一直在做”。說(shuō)明:recently一般都與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用;從后句“我們本該收到她的信了”可知,她最近沒(méi)來(lái)過(guò)信。CA用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型

1)Itisthefirst/secondtime….that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.

Itwasthethirdtimethattheboyhadbeenlate.

注意比較It’stimethat…結(jié)構(gòu):

Itishightimethatwewenttoschool.2)Thisisthe…that…結(jié)構(gòu),that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).

ThisisthebestfilmthatI’ve(ever)seen.

這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。

Thisisthefirsttime(that)I’veheardhimsing.

這是我第一次聽(tīng)他唱歌。典型例題

(1)---Doyouknowourtownatall?

---No,thisisthefirsttimeI___here.

A.was

B.havebeen

C.came

D.amcoming(2)---Haveyou____beentoourtownbefore?

---No,it’sthefirsttimeI___here.

A.even,come

B.even,havecome

C.ever,come

D.ever,havecome

注意:非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。

(錯(cuò))Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.

(對(duì))Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.BD2、過(guò)去時(shí)高考題點(diǎn)擊:1.---Nancyisnotcomingtonight.---Butshe_____!(98N)A.promises B.promised C.willpromiseD.hadpromised2.Myuncle_____untilhewasforty-five.(2000上海)A.married B.didn’tmarry C.wasnotmarrying D.wouldmarry說(shuō)明:Nancy答應(yīng)要來(lái)這個(gè)動(dòng)作應(yīng)該發(fā)生在過(guò)去,是過(guò)去作出的承諾。說(shuō)明:until用在肯定句中時(shí),主句的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,表示該動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until后的時(shí)間為止;短暫性動(dòng)詞只能用在否定句中,表示直到此時(shí)該動(dòng)作才開(kāi)始。本題中marry是短暫性動(dòng)詞,所以只能用在否定句中。BB3.---Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?(N2002)---I’msorryI_______anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsaying B.don’tsay C.won’tsay D.didn’tsay說(shuō)明:本題的干擾源來(lái)自上下文中的時(shí)態(tài),上文用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),下文用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),所以有些人就誤以為此處該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)了。但根據(jù)說(shuō)話人的意思不難發(fā)現(xiàn),沒(méi)有說(shuō)出自己的評(píng)價(jià)是在這段對(duì)話以前的事了,所以要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。D4.Asshe____thenewspaper,Granny____asleep.(95N)A.read…wasfalling B.wasreading…fellC.wasreading…wasfalling D.read…fell5.---Alice,whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday?---I_____,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.(97N)A.had B.would C.wasgoingto D.did說(shuō)明:一般來(lái)說(shuō)在復(fù)合句中的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作,延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作大都用進(jìn)行時(shí),短暫性的動(dòng)詞用一般時(shí),表示在某個(gè)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行的過(guò)程當(dāng)中另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生了。說(shuō)明:wasgoingtodosth.表示過(guò)去打算做某事;woulddo表示過(guò)去愿意做某事。從后句可看出家里來(lái)了不速之客,所以沒(méi)有來(lái),故不可能選D。BC6.---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!---Oh,I’mterriblysorry._____.(99N)A.I’mnotnoticing B.Iwasn’tnoticing C.Ihaven’tnoticed D.Idon’tnotice7.---Excuseme,Sir.Wouldyoudomeafavor?---Ofcourse.Whatisit?(02北京)---I____ifyoucouldtellmehowtofilloutthisform.A.hadwondered B.waswondering C.wouldwonder D.didwonder說(shuō)明:該題的干擾源來(lái)自whereyouaregoing,不少人誤以為是現(xiàn)在時(shí)了。其實(shí)很明顯該動(dòng)作是講話前的事。說(shuō)明:本句所表達(dá)的意思很明顯,要問(wèn)的問(wèn)題是在此之前一直在思考的事情,故該用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。BB8.Thelittlegirl____herheartoutbecauseshe____hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit.(02北京)A.hadcried,lost B.cried,hadlost C.hascried,haslost D.cries,haslost9.Helen_____herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_____home.(96N)A.hasleft…comes B.left…h(huán)adcome C.hadleft…came D.hadleft…wouldcome說(shuō)明:哭得傷心發(fā)生在過(guò)去,而丟玩具熊發(fā)生在哭之前。兩個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,之前發(fā)生的用過(guò)去完成時(shí),之后發(fā)生的用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。說(shuō)明:丟鑰匙發(fā)生在前,等人發(fā)生在后;until引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,不能用將來(lái)時(shí),所以只有C項(xiàng)可用。BC10.He_____tothelabthanhesetouttodotheexperiment.(99上海)A.hasnosoonergot B.nosoonergotC.willnosoonerget D.hadnosoonergot11.JohnandI_______friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe____eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.(2002北京)A.hadbeen,haveseen B.haveseen,haveseenC.hadbeen,hadseen D.havebeen,hadseen說(shuō)明:本題的關(guān)鍵詞是than,與than搭配的結(jié)構(gòu)只有

sb.hadnosoonerdonethan…。說(shuō)明:第一句表示到現(xiàn)在為止認(rèn)識(shí)有八年了,后一句表示在認(rèn)識(shí)之前見(jiàn)過(guò)幾次面。DD3、將來(lái)時(shí)高考題點(diǎn)擊:1.Ifaman_____succeed,hemustworkashardashecan.(95上海)A.will B.isto C.isgoingto D.should2.---You’veleftthelighton.---Oh,soIhave._____andturnitoff.(2000N)A.I’llgo B.I’vegone C.Igo D.I’mgoing說(shuō)明:此句的意思為“如果一個(gè)人想要成功,就必須盡力而為”。If引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句,不能用將來(lái)時(shí)。而beto結(jié)構(gòu)雖然表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,但它不屬于將來(lái)時(shí)。說(shuō)明:本句的重點(diǎn)是“并行結(jié)構(gòu)”,關(guān)鍵是看后面的turn,所以B、C、D、都不符合。BA3.I’vewonaholidayfortwoweekstoFlorida.I_____mymum.(2001北京春季)A.amtaking B.havetakenC.take D.willhavetaken4.Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.(93N)A.leaves B.wouldleave C.left D.hadleft說(shuō)明:本句的意思為“我贏得了到Florida度假兩周的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),我打算帶我媽媽去?!彼詰?yīng)該考慮用將來(lái)時(shí)。而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)??捎脕?lái)表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,尤其是趨向性的動(dòng)詞。說(shuō)明:that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)作“離職”應(yīng)該發(fā)生在“weresurprised”之后,故需用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。AB4、狀語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題高考題點(diǎn)擊:1.---CanIjointheclub,Dad?---Youcanwhenyou_____abitolder.(94N)A.get B.willget C.aregetting D.willhavegot2.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_____.(2001上海)A.havesurvived B.aretosurvive C.wouldsurvive D.willsurvive說(shuō)明:時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中沒(méi)有將來(lái)時(shí),需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來(lái)時(shí)。說(shuō)明:條件狀語(yǔ)從句中不用將來(lái)時(shí),但beto結(jié)構(gòu)不屬于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)形式。AB3.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe_____fromtheuniversitynextyear.(2002上海)A.willgraduate B.willhavegraduatedC.graduates D.istograduate4.It____longbeforewe____theresultoftheexperiment.(2002上海春季)A.willnotbe,willknow B.is,willknowC.willnotbe,know D.is,know說(shuō)明:bythetime引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,故不能使用將來(lái)時(shí)。D選項(xiàng)雖可考慮,但beto結(jié)構(gòu)大多用來(lái)表示“義務(wù)、決定、職責(zé)、約定”等,與句意不合。說(shuō)明:before引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,無(wú)將來(lái)時(shí),而主句應(yīng)該用將來(lái)時(shí)。CC5、祈使句中的動(dòng)詞問(wèn)題高考題點(diǎn)擊:1._____itwithmeandI’llseewhatIcando.(98N)A.Whenleft B.Leaving C.Ifyouleave D.Leave2._____someofthisjuice---perhapsyou’lllikeit.(2000北京春季)A.Trying B.Try C.Totry D.Havetried3._____atthedoorbeforeentering,please.(01北京春季)A.knocked B.Toknock C.Knocking D.Knock4._____bloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved.(2001上海)A.Giving B.Give C.Given D.To

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