2023學年完整版Unit3Underthesea同步練習10

Unit3Underthesea同步練習1．witness(vt.)當場見到；目擊(n.)目擊者；證人；證據(jù)2．opposite(prep.)在……對面(adj.)相對的；相反的3．pause(vi.&n．)暫停；中止4．flee(vi.)逃避；逃跑(vt.)逃離5．drag(vt.)拖；拉；扯6．urge(vt.)催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策7．target(n.)目標；靶；受批評的對象8．vivid(adj.)生動的；鮮明的；鮮艷的9．neat(adj.)<口>好的；整齊的；勻稱的10．a(chǎn)nnual(adj.)每年地；按年度計算的；(n.)年刊；年鑒→annually(adv.)每年地；年度地→anniversary(n.)周年紀念11．a(chǎn)ccommodation(n.)住所；住宿→accommodate(v.)提供住宿12．a(chǎn)bandon(vt.)放棄；遺棄；拋棄→abandoned(adj.)放縱的；墮落的13．reflect(vi.)思考；(vt.)映射；反射；思考→reflection(n.)映像；思考；反映14．a(chǎn)ware(adj.)意識到的；知道的→awareness(n.)意識15．scare(vt.)恐嚇；(vi.)受驚嚇→scared(adj.)恐懼的；害怕的→scary(adj.)引起恐慌的1．in_the_meantime在此期間；與此同時2．be/become_aware_of對……知道、明白；意識到……3．(be)_scared_to_death嚇死了4．draw_near靠近5．hold_up阻擋6．help_(...)_out幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難7．upside_down上下翻轉8．sort_out整理；分類；收拾9．a(chǎn)im_at瞄準10．be_about_to_do_sth.正要做某事1．Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales，or“killers”astheywerethencalled，helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.那個時期，虎鯨(當時被稱為“殺手”)幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時捕捉須鯨。名師指津：Itwas/isatimewhen...曾經(jīng)一度(那時)，when引導的是定語從句，修飾time。例句仿寫：她曾經(jīng)無法忍受病痛，想結束自己的生命。_It_was_once_a_time_whenshecouldnotbearthepainandwantedtokillherself.2．Thewaterwasquiteshallowbutwherethereefended，therewasasteepdroptothesandyoceanfloor.海水是淺的，但是到了珊瑚礁的盡頭，就有一個陡坡，一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。名師指津：where引導地點狀語從句。例句仿寫：雨水和陽光充足的地方植物生長的好。Theplantsgrowwellwhere_there_is_plenty_of_rain_and_sun.3．Thiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewasabouttobeawhalehunt.這是宣告捕鯨行動馬上就要開始的呼聲。名師指津：beabouttodosth.表示打算或即將發(fā)生的動作，意為“正要做某事”。例句仿寫：當我們就要到達時，飛行員歉意地通知我們降落之前可能要稍微延誤一點時間。Aswewere_about_to_arrive，thepilotannouncedwithapologythattherewouldbeaslightdelaybeforesettingdown.4．Aswedrewcloser，Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.走近一看，我發(fā)現(xiàn)原來是一頭大鯨受到大約六頭虎鯨的攻擊。名師指津：beingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers在句中作賓語補足語。例句仿寫：我看見杰克正在被警察帶走，這使我非常吃驚。IsawJackbeing_taken_awaybythepolice，whichsurprisedmeverymuch.witnessn．目擊者；證人；證據(jù)；vt.當場見到；目擊(山東高考)Thebookwaswrittenin1946，sincewhentheeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.這本書被寫于1946年，它見證了自此以后教育的巨大變化。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(awitnessto……的證人/證據(jù),bear/givewitnessto...作為……的證據(jù)))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(witnessfor作證，為……辯護,witnessto為……作證；出庭證明；證實；說明))①Hisgoodhealthisawitnesstothesuccessofthetreatment.他的身體健康證明這種療法是成功的。②Hewitnessedto_having_seenthemanentertheroom.他作證說看到那個男人進入房間。③(牛津P2313)Policehaveappealedforanyonewhowitnessedtheincidenttocontactthem.警方呼吁凡是目擊這一事件的人與他們聯(lián)系。abandonvt.遺棄；拋棄；丟棄；放棄；中止；(與oneself連用)使放縱，使聽任；n.放任；放縱(2013·江蘇卷完形填空)Itwasabandoned，fullofbrokenglassandrubbish.這個地方廢棄了，到處都是碎玻璃和垃圾。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(abandonone’shope/plan/idea放棄希望/計劃/主意,abandononeselfto...沉湎于……，縱情于……,abandondoingsth.放棄做某事,withabandon放縱地；放任地))(2)abandonedadj.無約束的；無度的；放蕩的①(2012·浙江卷)Peterhadintendedtotakeajobinbusiness，butabandoned_that_planaftertheunpleasantexperienceinCanadain2010.彼得曾打算從事商務工作，但2010年在加拿大有了一次不愉快的經(jīng)歷后就放棄了那個計劃。②Thosewhoabandonthemselvestodespaircan’tsucceed.那些自暴自棄的人無法成功。urgevt.催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策(牛津P2223)Thereporturgedthatallchildren(should)betaughttoswim.這份報告呼吁給所有的兒童教授游泳。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(urgesth./催促某物/某人前進,urgedosth.催促某人做某事,urgedoingsth.催促某人做某事))(2)urgethat...極力主張，強調(diào)[從句謂語形式為(should)＋動詞原形]Itisurgedthat...堅決要求……[從句謂語形式為(should)＋動詞原形]①Urged(on)byhisparents，hedecidedtoparticipateintheMathOlympicCompetition.在他父母的鼓勵下，他決定參加數(shù)學奧林匹克比賽。②Heurgedustocollectmoneyforthosewhoareinurgentneedoffoodandclothes.他敦促我們募捐來幫助那些急需食品和衣服的人們。③Itisstronglyurgedthatthelibraryshould_be_kept_openduringthevacation.他們極力主張圖書館假期也開放。reflectvt.映射，反射；vi.&vt.思考教材原句P24：I’msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandreflectingontheday—adayofpuremagic!我坐在溫暖的夜空下，手里拿著一瓶冷飲，回憶著當天的事情——這是神奇的一天！(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(reflectsb./sth.指鏡子等映出某人/物的影像,reflectsth.從某物表面反射光、熱、聲等,reflecton/uponsth.思考某事))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(reflectionn.反射；反照；反映；映像,belostinreflection陷入深思中))①Justastheclothesapersonwears，thefoodheeatsandthefriendswithwhomhespendshistime，hishousereflectshispersonality.對于一個人來說，就像他穿的衣、吃的飯以及與之度過時光的朋友一樣，他的房子代表了他的個性。②Whenthesun’srayshittheearth，alotoftheheatisreflectedbackintospace.太陽光線照射到地球時，大量的熱被反射回太空。③Youshouldsetasidesometimetoreflect_on_your_successesandfailures.你應該留出時間反思你的成功和失敗。scarev．恐嚇，驚嚇，害怕；n.驚嚇，恐慌，恐懼(牛津P1778)ItscaredmetothinkIwasaloneinthebuilding.想到樓里只有我一個人，怪害怕的。(1)scaringadj.令人害怕的；嚇人的(2)scaredadj.受驚嚇的；感到害怕的bescaredof...害怕……bescaredtodo...不敢做……bescaredtodeath嚇死了①Don’tworryaboutme—ourguideswillhavegunswiththemtoscaretheanimalsawayiftheycometooclose.你不要為我擔心——我們導游都隨身帶槍，如果動物靠我們太近，導游將用槍把他們嚇跑。②Thethievesgot_scaredandranawayimmediatelythemomenttheysawthepolice.小偷一看見警察就嚇跑了。③Scaredofbeingattackedbythedog，thelittlegirlstoodthereunabletomoveforward.害怕受到狗的攻擊，這個小女孩站在那里不敢往前動。Ⅰ.完成句子1．Iurgedthatwe________________________________(立刻采取措施)topreventsuchthinghappeningagain.答案：(should)takeimmediateaction2．Hearingthesuddenshot，thelittleboy______________________(幾乎被嚇死)．答案：wasalmostscaredtodeath3．Thethieveshavealready______________(逃離城市)soitisdifficultforthepolicetoarrestthem.答案：fledthecity4．Thepastfewyearshave______________________(見證了許多變化)inthesmalltown.答案：witnessedquiteafewchanges5．Yearsofschoollifehastaughtmealotofthings，ofwhich____________________________(合作對我來說是最重要的)．答案：teamworkisthemostimportantforme6．ThiscollegeorganizesannualvisitstoChinabygroupsofstudentsinorderto____________________________(喚起他們的意識)oftheimportanceandbenefitsoflearningChinese.答案：raisetheirawarenessⅡ.單項填空1．(2014·湖南省部分重點中學聯(lián)考)ChinesewriterMoYan’svictory________theprosperityandprogressofChineseliterature，aswellastheincreasinginfluenceofChina.A．reflected B．reflectsC．werereflecting D．hadreflected解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為：中國作家莫言的勝利既是中國文學繁榮進步的體現(xiàn)，也是中國國際影響力不斷提升的體現(xiàn)。根據(jù)句意可知應用一般現(xiàn)在時，故答案為B。答案：B2．(2014·安徽合肥第一次教學質(zhì)量檢測)Witheconomydevelopingatgreatspeed，ourcityhas________quiteafewchangesinrecentyears.A．witnessed B．a(chǎn)ccumulatedC．a(chǎn)risen D．introduced解析：考查動詞辨析。句意為：隨著經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展，在最近幾年我們的城市已經(jīng)變化了很多。witness目擊，見證；accumulate積聚，積累；arise出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生；introduce介紹。根據(jù)句意可知，答案為A項。答案：A3．(2014·銀川一中月考)Ihave________Tonytostayawayfromcomputergamesbeforehebecomesaddictedtothem.A．urged B．suggestedC．made D．kept解析：考查動詞詞義。句意為：在托尼對電腦游戲上癮之前我勸說過他遠離電腦游戲。urgedosth.懇求/催促某人做某事，與句意相符。答案：A4．(2014·紹興一中高三質(zhì)檢)Thegovernmenturgedthateveryeffort________tobringdownhouseprices.A．shouldmake B．wouldbemadeC．bemade D．mustbemade解析：考查虛擬語氣。句意為：政府督促要盡一切努力降低房價。urge后的賓語從句用should＋動詞原形的形式，其中should可省略；賓語從句使用了makeeveryefforttodosth.的被動形式。答案：C5．—Becauseoftherain，we’llhaveto________thefootballmatch.—I’mfreenextSundayifyouwouldliketoplaythen.A．a(chǎn)dvance B．postponeC．a(chǎn)bandon D．a(chǎn)dvocate解析：advance前進；postpone推遲；abandon放棄；拋棄；advocate倡導。從becauseoftherain及后面的應答語可知B項正確。答案：Bhelp(...)out幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難；協(xié)助；使(某人)脫離困境(牛津P955) WhenIboughtthehouse，mysisterhelpedmeoutwithaloan.我買這所房子時，我姐姐借給我一筆錢解了急。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(helpsb.todosth.幫某人做某事,helpsth.幫助某人做某事,can’thelptodosth.不能幫著做某事))(2)cannothelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事(3)helponeself(tosth.)自取，自用(4)can’thelpbutdosth.不得不做某事①Asheismybestfriend，whenIamintroublehewillcertainlyhelpmeout.因為他是我最好的朋友，當我遇到麻煩時他肯定會幫我。②Shecouldn’t_help_bursting_into_tearswhensheheardthenews.當她聽到這個消息時，她情不自禁地哭起來。③I’msorryIcan’thelpyoucleanthehouse.對不起，我不能幫助你打掃房間。be/becomeawareof對……知道、明白；意識到……(2012·陜西閱讀理解)However，itisimportanttobeawareofthesedangersbecauseeveryoneisexposedtoairpollutionregardlessoflifestylechoices.然而，重要的是要意識到這些危險，因為每個人不論選擇什么樣的生活方式都會接觸到空氣污染。(1)beawarethat-clause知道，體會到……makethat...提醒某人注意……makeof...使某人注意到……asfarasI’maware據(jù)我所知(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(developanawarenessof...逐漸懂得……,lackofawareness缺乏知識))①Being_aware_of_your_own_weaknessisprobablythekeytosuccess.知道自己的缺點可能是成功的關鍵。②Whatmanyparentsarenotawareisthattheyignorewhattheirchildrenarelongingfor.許多家長所沒意識到的是他們忽視了孩子們在想什么。③Itisimportantthatstudentsdevelop_an_awareness_ofvaluingparents’love.重要的是學生們要逐漸懂得珍惜父母的愛。Ⅰ.選詞填空inthemeantime；holdup；help...out；upsidedown；aheadof1．Thereasonthattheygaveforbeinglatewasthattheywere________________________inatrafficjam.答案：heldup2．Theconferencewillbegininanhour；____________________，let’shaveachat.答案：inthemeantime3．Beingaqualifiedarchitect，healwaysfinisheshisproject________________time.答案：aheadof4．Hedidn’tlistentoyouandnowisin，onlyyoucan________him________ofthedifficulty.答案：help；out5．Lookingforhislostmagazine，themanturnedthewholeroom__________________.答案：upsidedownⅡ.單項填空1．Thepassengershadachatwiththecollegestudents______asconductorsduringthesummervacation.A．helpout B．helpedoutC．tohelpout D．helpingout解析：本題考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定式作后置定語表示一個將要發(fā)生的動作，過去分詞表示一個已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的被動的動作，故B、C兩項均不符合題意。句意為：旅客們同那幾個在暑假臨時幫忙充當列車員的大學生聊天。答案：D2．—Doyouworkinthisoffice?—No，asaclerkinthisofficeisonvacation，I’mjust________hereforaboutaweek.A．hangingout B．workingoutC．turningout D．helpingout解析：句意為：——你在這個辦公室工作嗎？——不，這兒的職員休假了，我在這兒做幫手將近一周了。helpout協(xié)助，援助；hangout閑蕩，晾曬(衣服)；workout算出，解決，制訂出；turnout結果(是)。答案：D3．(2013·濟寧檢測)________oftheurgencyofthecurrentsituationmakeshimwanttolearnmore.A．Beingaware B．AwareC．Tobeaware D．Beaware解析：此題考查非謂語動詞。v.-ing形式作主語。答案：AThewaterwasquiteshallowbutwherethereefended，therewasasteepdroptothesandyoceanfloor.海水是淺的，但是到了珊瑚礁的盡頭，就有一個陡坡，一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。where...，therebe...，意為“在……的地方，有……”，where引導地點狀語從句。當where，wherever指具體地點時，從句可用于主句之前或之后；表示抽象條件的含義時，從句需放在主句之前。①You’dbetterleavethemedicinewhere_kids_can’t_get_it.你最好把藥放到孩子夠不到的地方。②Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremainwhereshewasandwaitforhermother.那個迷路的小女孩決定待在原地等她母親。③Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。Ⅰ.完成句子1．看到她躺在床上，腿上纏著繃帶，我們感到難過，并希望她早日康復。__________________________withherlegwrappedinbandages，wefeltsorryforherandhopedthatshewouldrecoversoon.答案：Seeingherlyinginbed2．—Wheredoyouplantowork?—I’vemadeupmymindto________________________(去最需要我的地方)．答案：gowhereI’mmostneeded3．__________________________________(曾經(jīng)有一段時期)Ihadnointerestinstudyandwantedtodropoutofschool.答案：ItwasonceatimewhenⅡ.單項填空1．(2014·安徽名校第一次聯(lián)考)Thehugeshoppingmallwillbeconstructed________thereusedtobeaschoolmanyyearsago.A．where B．whatC．inwhich D．which解析：考查狀語從句。句意為：這個大型購物廣場將會被建在很多年前是個學校的地方。where引導地點狀語從句。答案：A2．(2014·成都第一次診斷)Actually，theLondonOlympicParkisbuilt________thereusedtobeapoorareacalledEastLondon.A．what B．whenC．where D．why解析：考查地點狀語從句。句意為：事實上，倫敦奧林匹克公園建立在一個過去叫東倫敦的貧窮地區(qū)。分析句子結構可知，空處引導地點狀語從句且在從句中作地點狀語，故用where。答案：C3．________unemploymentandcrimearehigh，itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.A．Before B．WhereC．Unless D．Until解析：考查狀語從句。句意為：在失業(yè)率和犯罪率高的地方，人們可以這樣認為，是失業(yè)導致犯罪。根據(jù)上下文邏輯關系，可知應該用地點狀語從句，故選B項。答案：B4．(2012·山東卷)Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen________therewasnothingayearagobutruins.A．when B．whereC．before D．until解析：考查引導狀語從句的連接詞。句意為：很多高樓在一年前還是廢墟的地方拔地而起。where引導地點狀語從句；而when，before和until都引導時間狀語從句。答案：Btargetn．目標；靶；受批評的對象；vt.把……當作批評對象；以……為攻擊目標；把……對準Setyourselftargetsthatyoucanreasonablyhopetoachieve.給自己制定有望達到的目標。oppositeprep.在……對面；adj.相反的；相對的；n.相反的事物intheoppositedirection在相反的方向beoppositetosb./sth.在某人/某物的對面(2011·上海卷)Themessageyouintendtoconveythroughwordsmaybetheexactoppositeofwhatothersactuallyunderstand.通過話語你企圖傳達的信息可能正好與其他人實際上理解的相反。flee(fled，fled)vt.逃離；vi.逃避；逃跑fleeaway逃跑fleeone’sduty/responsibility逃避責任HefledtoLondonafteranargumentwithhisfamily.他與家人爭吵以后離家去了倫敦?！緦懽魉夭摹?．通過望遠鏡我目睹了一只鯊魚被它的親戚遺棄。2．我恐懼地看到一些鯊魚對它大叫，而一些鯊魚則把它拽到深海。3．沒有其他鯊魚來幫助它擺脫困境。4．這件事對我觸動很大，我體會到了生活的殘酷。提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達。【連句成篇】Iwitnessedthatasharkwasabandonedbyhisrelationsthroughawasscaredtoseesomesharkswereyellingatit，whilesomeweredraggingitintothedepthsofotherswerehelpingittouchedmealotandmademerealizethatthe