初中英語(yǔ)中考復(fù)習(xí) 02 句子種類(lèi)-沖刺2022年中考英語(yǔ)重難考點(diǎn)精講精練

英語(yǔ)句子種類(lèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)總結(jié)練習(xí)

英語(yǔ)句子按照用途可分為以下四類(lèi):英語(yǔ)句子句子陳述句疑問(wèn)句祈使句感嘆句肯定句否定句一般疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句選擇疑問(wèn)句附加疑問(wèn)句Summary用于說(shuō)明事實(shí)或說(shuō)話人的看法.包括肯定結(jié)構(gòu)和否定結(jié)構(gòu),在肯定結(jié)構(gòu)中沒(méi)有否定詞,否定結(jié)構(gòu)中在be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后+not.常用縮略形式,句末用句號(hào).但too…to結(jié)構(gòu)是”太…以至于不能…”表否定意義.陳述句疑問(wèn)句(用于提出問(wèn)題)1.一般疑問(wèn)句:是在句子中用提問(wèn)的方式提供一些信息,用Yes/No回答的問(wèn)句.結(jié)構(gòu)是：be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)/實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+其它？2.特殊疑問(wèn)句:是以特殊疑問(wèn)詞開(kāi)始的,需要完整回答的疑問(wèn)句.結(jié)構(gòu)是：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+其它？3.選擇疑問(wèn)句:是指提出兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上可能的答案供對(duì)方選擇的疑問(wèn)句.前一部分是一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句或特殊疑問(wèn)句,后面加上or和供選擇的另一個(gè)條件,要完整回答.結(jié)構(gòu)是：一般疑問(wèn)句/特殊疑問(wèn)句+or+并列選擇部分.4.附加疑問(wèn)句:是由陳述句加簡(jiǎn)短附加問(wèn)句構(gòu)成,用以要求對(duì)方證實(shí)所述事實(shí)的問(wèn)句.常用的是反義疑問(wèn)句.其結(jié)構(gòu)是：陳述句+,+簡(jiǎn)短的問(wèn)句(主語(yǔ)用相應(yīng)的代詞)？疑問(wèn)句(用于提出問(wèn)題)反義疑問(wèn)句句子結(jié)構(gòu)遵循兩個(gè)原則：1.前肯定后

，前否定后.2.前be動(dòng)詞后,前情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后,前助動(dòng)詞后,前實(shí)義動(dòng)詞后.反義疑問(wèn)句的回答:根據(jù)事實(shí)回答.1.前肯后否結(jié)構(gòu)回答:如果事實(shí)是就答Yes,不是就答No.Yes后必跟肯定回答,No后必跟否定回答.正常翻譯.2.前否后肯結(jié)構(gòu)回答:如果事實(shí)和陳述句部分的否定句一致時(shí)答No,譯成是的.如果事實(shí)和陳述部分的否定句不一致時(shí)答Yes,譯成不.Yes后必跟肯定回答,No后必跟否定回答.否定肯定be動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞祈使句1.祈使句是表示命令,叮囑,號(hào)召,建議等的句子2.通常省略主語(yǔ)you,所以其結(jié)構(gòu)是：肯定祈使句:動(dòng)詞原形打頭+其它.否定祈使句:Don't+動(dòng)詞原形+其它.3.系動(dòng)詞be原形+形容詞或介詞短語(yǔ),也是祈使句.祈使句句尾也可以用感嘆號(hào).

常用于表示說(shuō)話人的強(qiáng)烈感情,如歡樂(lè),興奮,驚奇等.一般以what或how打頭.其結(jié)構(gòu)是:1.How+adj.+主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+其它2.How+adv.+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+其它3.How+adj.+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+其它4.How+句子5.What+a/an+adj.+n單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它6.What+adj.+不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它7.What+adj.+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它感嘆句一.把下列句子變成否定句1.Tomisamathteacher.Tomisn’tamathteacher.2.LilywasangrywithNellyyesterday.Lilywasn’tangrywithNellyyesterday.3.Mikeistalkingtohisgoodfriendonthephone.Mikeisn’ttalkingtohisgoodfriendonthephone.4.WewerewatchingTvateightlastnight.Weweren’twatchingTvateightlastnight.5.Therewillbemanyrobotsinthefuture.Therewon’tbemanyrobotsinthefuture.6.Iwouldlikeabowlofbeefnoodles.Iwouldn’tlikeabowlofbeefnoodles.be動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ),變否定句,其后直接+not，縮寫(xiě)n’t助動(dòng)詞輔助做謂語(yǔ),變否定句,其后直接+not，縮寫(xiě)n’tExercise一.把下列句子變成否定句7.Igettoschoolbybus.Idon’tgettoschoolbybus.8.Mybrotherlikesplayingbasketball.Mybrotherdoesn’tlikeplayingbasketball.9.Lilygotgoodgradeslastterm.Lilydidn’tgetgoodgradeslastterm.10.IhavestudiedFrenchforthreeyears.Ihaven’tstudiedFrenchforthreeyears.11.Wehadarrivedbythetimeoflastnight.Wehadn’tarrivedbythetimeoflastnight.12.Hecanplaythepianoverywell.Hecan’tplaythepianoverywell.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形作謂語(yǔ),變否定句,do+not，縮寫(xiě)don’t+動(dòng)詞原形助動(dòng)詞輔助做謂語(yǔ),變否定句,其后直接+not，縮寫(xiě)n’t實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式作謂語(yǔ),變否定句,did+not，縮寫(xiě)didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形實(shí)義動(dòng)詞三單作謂語(yǔ),變否定句,does+not，縮寫(xiě)doesn’t+動(dòng)詞原形情態(tài)動(dòng)詞輔助做謂語(yǔ),變否定句,其后直接+not一般疑問(wèn)句的變化就是將以上+not的詞

即可.提前二：填空

提問(wèn)內(nèi)容,名稱(chēng),職業(yè),事物等用：

提問(wèn)地點(diǎn)用：

提問(wèn)時(shí)間用：

提問(wèn)具體幾點(diǎn)也可用：

就人提問(wèn)用：

提問(wèn)年齡用：

提問(wèn)原因用：

提問(wèn)數(shù)量可數(shù)用：

不可數(shù)用：

提問(wèn)價(jià)格用：特殊疑問(wèn)詞：whatwherewhenwhattimewho/whomhowoldwhyhowmanyhowmuchhowmuch二：填空

提問(wèn)時(shí)間段/for+時(shí)間段/長(zhǎng)度用：

提問(wèn)距離用：

提問(wèn)身高用：

提問(wèn)寬度：

就頻率提問(wèn)用：

就in+時(shí)間段提問(wèn)用：

就歸屬提問(wèn)用：

就方式,程度,天氣提問(wèn)用：

哪一個(gè)/些:

特殊疑問(wèn)詞：howlonghowfarhowtallhowwidehowoftenhowsoonwhose,belongto作謂語(yǔ)

時(shí)用whohowwhich另外,what+n.可以做特殊疑問(wèn)詞,eg:whatcolor/food/sports/subject等等.三.就劃線部分提問(wèn)1.Hernewskirtispurple.Whatcolorishernewskirt?2.Myfavoritecolorisred.What’syourfavoritecolor?3.Iwenttothebeachwithmysisterlastweekend.Whatdidyoudowithyoursisterlastweekend?4.Iwenttothebeachwithmysisterlastweekend.Wheredidyougowithyoursisterlastweekend?5.Iwenttothebeachwithmysisterlastweekend.Who/Whomdidyougotothebeachwithlastweekend?6.Iwenttothebeachwithmysisterlastweekend.Whendidyougotothebeachwithyoursister?顏色用whatcolor提問(wèn)雖然也是顏色,但是是最喜歡顏色的內(nèi)容用what提問(wèn)做事,動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用what…do提問(wèn)地點(diǎn)where提問(wèn)人,作賓語(yǔ)用who/whom提問(wèn)時(shí)間when提問(wèn)特殊疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu):特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be/助/情+主語(yǔ)+其它?注意時(shí)態(tài)

保持一致三.就劃線部分提問(wèn)1.Hermothergoestoworkthreetimesaweek.Howoftendoeshermothergotowork?2.Tomis1.98meterstall.HowtallisTom?3.Ittakesmetwomonthstofinishthisbook.Howlongdoesittakeyoutofinishthisbook?4.ThishatisMsLi’s.Whoseisthishat/Whosehatisthis?5.Myschoolistwokilometersfrommyhome.Howfarisyourschoolfromyourhome?6.Ilikemathbecauseitisinteresting.Whydoyoulikemath?頻率提問(wèn)用howoften

身高用howtall提問(wèn),what’stheheightof……?亦可.時(shí)間段howlong提問(wèn)歸屬whose提問(wèn)距離howfar提問(wèn)原因why提問(wèn)特殊疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu):特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be/助/情+主語(yǔ)+其它?劃線部分提問(wèn)三步:1.根據(jù)劃線部分找特殊疑問(wèn)詞,2.謂語(yǔ)be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞直接接在特殊疑問(wèn)詞后面,若謂語(yǔ)是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形/三單/過(guò)去式,分別把do/does/did接在特殊疑問(wèn)詞后面3.從頭抄(已經(jīng)寫(xiě)過(guò)的/劃線

部分不抄)1.你是一個(gè)老師還是一個(gè)學(xué)生？Areyouateacherorastudent?2.他喜歡玩籃球還是排球？Doeshelikeplayingbasketballorvolleyball?3.吉姆,湯姆和亨利誰(shuí)最高？Whoisthetallest,Tim,TomorHenry?4.你什么時(shí)候回來(lái),明天還是后天？Whenwillyoureturn,tomorroworthedayaftertomorrow?5.Mary是多么善良的姑娘呀！WhatakindgirlMaryis!/HowkindagirlMaryis!6.他正學(xué)的多么認(rèn)真呀！Howcarefullyheisstudying!四.翻譯選擇疑問(wèn)句感嘆句一般疑問(wèn)句+or+并列成分特殊疑問(wèn)句+or連接的并列成分How修飾形容詞/副詞what修飾名詞1.Tomcanplantflowers,____________？2.Therewillbeagroupofvolunteerstocomehere,______________？3.Hehasn’thaddinneryet,______________?4.Goandmeethim,_________________？5.Don’tfightwithyourbrother,__________？6.Letusgotothemovies,_________?7.Let’sgotothemovies,____________8.Heusedtobeafraidofthedark,________________________?9.Tomnever/seldom/hardlyevergetsuplate,_________?10.Yoursisterisunhappytoday,___________?11.Idon’tthinkheisright,________?四.把句子補(bǔ)充完整won’ttherewillyoucan’thewill/won’tyouwillyoushallwehashedidn’the/usedn’the前肯后否,前情后情前肯后否,前助后助前否后肯,前助后助前后保持一致祈使句的反義疑問(wèn)句包括說(shuō)話的對(duì)方,所以用weusedto結(jié)構(gòu)的反義疑問(wèn)句doeshe否定副詞,前否isn’tshe否定前綴按肯定算,前肯類(lèi)似的還有l(wèi)ittle,few,nothing,nobody,neither,too…to等ishe符合否定前移的句子跟從句變六.閱讀題:HarbinisthecapitalofHeilongjiangProvincewithapopulationof5.3millionandcoveringanareaof18,000squarekilometers.It’sinthenortheastofChina.Harbinisfamousforitsiceandsnow.SunIslandisagrea