謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-句子的心臟

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句子的心臟---

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞sucy（2011天津）Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms_____allovertheworld.A.haveproducedB.havebeenproducedC.areproducingD.arebeingproduced完成進(jìn)行完成被動(dòng)被動(dòng)進(jìn)行謂語(yǔ)公式=“助動(dòng)詞”

+“實(shí)義動(dòng)詞”

(時(shí)態(tài),被動(dòng),虛擬,情態(tài))(意思)(2014浙江）Sofialookedaroundatallthefaces:shehadtheimpressionthatshe_____mostoftheguestsbefore.A.hasseenB.hadseenC.sawD.wouldsee現(xiàn)在完成過(guò)去完成一般過(guò)去將來(lái)一般過(guò)去時(shí)：Looked=did+lookhad=did+havesaw=did+seeMake的過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?過(guò)去將來(lái)/完成/進(jìn)行時(shí)/的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)+makeWould/have/be/be+makeWouldhavebeenbeingmadeDo類:do,does,did“一般”,”現(xiàn)在”,“過(guò)去”

(did~虛擬)Will類:will,would各種”將來(lái)”+動(dòng)原Have類:have,has,had各種”完成”+doneBe類:am,is,are,was,were進(jìn)行+doing;

被動(dòng)+doneMake的各種時(shí)態(tài)形式時(shí)態(tài)一般進(jìn)行Be+doing完成Have+done完成進(jìn)行Havebeen現(xiàn)在make/makesIs/am/aremakingHave/hasmadeHave/hasbeenmaking過(guò)去madeWas/weremakinghadmadeHadbeenmaking將來(lái)willWillmakeWillbemakingWillhavemadeWillhavebeenmaking過(guò)去將來(lái)wouldWouldmakeWouldbemakingWouldhavemadeWouldhavebeenmaking助動(dòng)詞幫謂語(yǔ)“變態(tài)”的作用:1.時(shí)態(tài)=時(shí)間+狀態(tài)

“時(shí)間”（現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去、將來(lái)、過(guò)

去將來(lái)）、

“狀態(tài)”（一般、進(jìn)行、完成、完成進(jìn)行）2.被動(dòng):“謂語(yǔ)不是主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的”動(dòng)詞的變態(tài)3.虛擬:“白紙黑字說(shuō)假話”動(dòng)詞的變態(tài)4.情態(tài)=“各種感情色彩”（推測(cè),允許,能力…）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做題步驟:(優(yōu)先句意,時(shí)間狀態(tài)后考慮)看選項(xiàng).是否是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞題是否”虛擬”(句型,句意)是否”被動(dòng)”時(shí)間和狀態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形：do；does意：常態(tài)、事實(shí)、重復(fù)譯：“經(jīng)?！?、“真的”every…,

sometimes,

at…,

on

Sunday等客觀事實(shí)和真理Practice

_______

perfect.（make)Months

ago

we

sailed

ten

thousand

miles

across

the

open

sea,

which

______the

Pacific,

and

we

met

no

storm.

A.was

called

B.is

called

C.had

been

called

D.has

been

calledmakes小練Myparents____inHongKong.Theywerebornthereandhaveneverlivedanywhereelse.A．live

B．livedC．werelivingD．willliveOnce

environmental

damage

__________,

it

takes

many

years

for

the

system

to

recover.

A.has

done

B.

is

to

do

C.does

D.

is

done

一般過(guò)去時(shí)形：did意：講故事（描述過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，講述過(guò)去的事情）譯：“剛剛”、“當(dāng)時(shí)”yesterday,

last

week,

an

hour

ago,

the

other

day,

in

1982,

just

now等例：--Comeonin,Peter.Iwanttoshowyousomething.---Oh,howniceofyou!Inever___youweregoingtobringmeagift.(think)答案：Thought【全國(guó)III】Thankgoodness,you’rehere!What____you?—Trafficjam.A.keeps B.iskeeping C.hadkept D.kept【江西】MycousinwenttoCanadatwoyearsago.He______thereforafewmonthsandthenwenttoAmerica.A.worked B.wouldwork C.wouldbeworking D.hasbeenworking

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)形：have/hasdone意：引用過(guò)去（的動(dòng)作），描述現(xiàn)在譯：“已經(jīng)”for,

since,

so

far,

ever,

never,

just,

yet,

till/until,

up

to

now,

in

past

years,

always,

recently等注意：

Thisisthefirsttimethat…h(huán)ave/has

done…

Thisisthe形容詞最高級(jí)that…h(huán)ave/hasdone…

這是他第三次犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤了。

Itisthethirdtime(that)hehasmadethesamemistake.《哈里·波特》這本書(shū)我已經(jīng)讀過(guò)幾遍了IhavereadthisbookHarry

Potterseveraltimes.這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。ThisisthebestmoviethatIhaveeverseen.影響性用法1.—Goodmorning，Iwonderifyoucanhelp.I______mycoat.—Oh，wheredidyouloseit，madam?(lose)2.（Bythetimeherealizes）（he___intoatrap），it'llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.(walk)答案：Havelost/haswalked持續(xù)性用法（延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞+持續(xù)時(shí)間）(2015·北京)

In

the

last

few

years,

China

__(make)

great

achievements

in

environmental

protection.

6.

has

made

答案：hasmadeThisisthefirsttimewe________afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.A．see

B．hadseenC．saw D．haveseen一般過(guò)去時(shí)P.K現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

影響性：一般過(guò)去時(shí)：

動(dòng)作是過(guò)去，句子也在描述過(guò)去現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

動(dòng)作是過(guò)去，句子卻在描述現(xiàn)在【北京】——Thatmusthavebeenalongtrip.——Yeah,it______usawholeweektogetthere.A.takes B.hastaken C.took D.wastakingC(2014山東三校）--listen！It’sraining.---Oh,really?I___itatall.A.didn’trealizeB.don’trealizeC.haven’trealizedD.hadn’trealized(2014北京一模）--whynotfindanewjob?---whyshouldI?I____asmuch,butIlikewhatI’mdoing.A.didn’tearnB.don’tearnC.hadn’tearnD.haven’tearned持續(xù)性：一般過(guò)去時(shí)：現(xiàn)在肯定沒(méi)做了，已經(jīng)結(jié)束現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在還在做，還在持續(xù)【浙江】Myfriend,who______ontheInternationalOlympicCommitteeallhislife,isretiringnextmonth.A.served B.isserving C.hadservedD.hasservedOurfriendship____quicklyovertheweeksthatfollowed.A.haddevelopedB.wasdevelopingC.woulddevelopD.developed

過(guò)去完成時(shí)

形：haddone意：發(fā)生在某個(gè)“過(guò)去動(dòng)作”之前（參照物）譯：“之前”before,

by+過(guò)去的時(shí)間,

until,

when,

after,

once等【2011山東】Shewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty;thechildren______everything!A.hadbeeneating B.hadeaten C.haveeaten D.havebeeneatingB(2014浙江名校聯(lián)盟）IhearyouwonthefirstprizeintheEnglishcontestlastweek.---thatwasthesecondtimeI__theprize.A.hadgotB.gotC.getD.havegotMarywenttotheboxofficeatlunchtime，butallthetickets________out.A．wouldsell B．hadbeensoldC．havesold D．wasselling各種進(jìn)行時(shí)

形：be+doing意：在某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)上“正在做”某事譯：“正”、“在”、“正在”注意：進(jìn)行體可用來(lái)表示抱怨，贊美等語(yǔ)氣

常接always,constantly,allthetime…例：Heisalwaysaskingmethesamequestion.That’sboring！他總是問(wèn)我同樣的問(wèn)題，真煩人。(2013浙江模擬）--JenneywascleaningtheroomformewhenIreturnedhome.---Suchishercharacter.She__others.A.isalwaysthinkingofB.wasalwaysthinkingofC.alwaysthinkofD.alwaysthoughtof

A

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

形：have/hasbeen+doing意：一直做一直做一直做一直做，已經(jīng)做

了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了還在做。譯：“一直”例：I'vebeensittinghereallafternoon.整個(gè)下午我都坐在這兒。Sincethebeginningofthevacation，I____acrossthecountry，andmynextstopistheWuyiMountains.A．hadtraveled B．willtravelC．havebeentravelingD．wastravelingExcuseme，Marcia，areporterfromVanity

Fair________allday.Couldyouspeaktohernow?A．phones B．hasphonedC．hasbeenphoning D．phoned

一般將來(lái)時(shí)

(1)begoingtodo有計(jì)劃、有預(yù)謀(2)willdo無(wú)計(jì)劃、無(wú)預(yù)謀next…,

tomorrow,

in+一段時(shí)間,

before+時(shí)間點(diǎn)等(3)betodo/beabouttodo立刻、馬上（江蘇）——Annisinhospital.

—Oh,really?I____know.I____goandvisither.A.didn't;amgoingto B.don't;would C.don't;will D.didn't;willD(4)【威逼句型】祈使句，or

sbwilldo“否則”

【利誘句型】祈使句，andsbwilldo“那么”Hurryuporyouwillbelate.Hurryupandyouwillcatchthebus.Sharesomeofyourswiththoseingreatneedandyou________adifference.A．willmake B．makeC．made D．havemade(5)【時(shí)間表】用一般時(shí)表示將來(lái)：

飛機(jī)火車輪船商店

上學(xué)放學(xué)

1.The

next

train___at

3

o‘clock

this

afternoon.(leave)

2.

How

often

________

this

bus

_______?

(run)

3.

Look

at

the

timetable.

Hurry

up!

Flight

4026____off

at

18:20

A.takes

B.took

C.will

be

taken

D.has

taken答案：leaves/doesrun/A(6)【位移動(dòng)詞】用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)：come，leave，reach，return，go，start，arrive，die等

IamleavingforSpain.【山東】Themanagerwasconcernedtohearthattwoofhistrustedworkers______.A.willleave B.areleaving C.haveleft D.wereleavingD(7)在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)。

{主將從現(xiàn)}

Iwillgiveyouaprize(ifyouwinthegame).{主情從現(xiàn)}

Youshouldmemorizeasmanyas3500words(ifyouwanttopassthecollegeentranceexamination).{主祈從現(xiàn)}

Tellme(ifyouloveme).主將從現(xiàn)/主情從現(xiàn)/主祈從現(xiàn)（2014湖南）Wheneveryou___apresent,youshouldthinkaboutitfromthereceiver’spointofview.A.boughtB.haveboughtC.willbuyD.buyRemembertosendmeaphotoofusnexttimeyou___tome.A．writeB．willwriteC．havewrittenD．a(chǎn)rewriting(2015·湖南高考)

As

you

go

through

this

book,

you

__(find)

that

each

of

the

millions

of

people][

who

lived

throughWorld

War

Ⅱ]

had

a

different

experience.

答案：will

find

（全國(guó)II）Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they________theirsalesby20percent.A.willincrease B.havebeenincreasing C.haveincreased D.wouldbeincreasing（全國(guó)II）Ifyoudon'tlikethedrink(you______),justleaveitandtryadifferentone.A.ordered B.areordering C.willorder D.hadorderedAA

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

形：woulddo意：站在過(guò)去看將來(lái)譯：“將，要”—Myunclewillbeheretoattendameetingtomorrow.—Oh，Ithoughtthathe___today.A．wascoming B．iscomingC．willcome D．couldcome

綜合訓(xùn)練

1.Bythetimethetraffic___,wewillhaverunoutofgas.A.clearsB.clearedC.willclearD.hasbeenclearing2.Thesuggestion（theyallobjectedto）__tobeeffectivefinally.A.provingB.proveC.hadprovedD.proved3.Ihavegottwoticketsforthecomingfootballmatch,andI________mysontogotowatchit.A．takeB．tookC．havetakenD．a(chǎn)mtaking

4.Thenaughtyboy！He___whereheleaveshisthings.A．a(chǎn)lwaysforgetsB．willalwaysforgetC．isalwaysforgettingD．hasalwaysforgottenIdon'tunderstandwhyyou________yourmindconstantly！Wehaven'tbeenabletodecidewheretospendourholiday，youknow?A．change B．willchangeC．a(chǎn)rechanging D．havechanged時(shí)態(tài)+被動(dòng)主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)1、表示狀態(tài)特征的系動(dòng)詞look,

sound,

feel,

smell,

taste,

prove,

appear構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。Your

excuse

sounds

good

but

it

can’t

be

true.

Jack

proved

a

good

tour

guide

during

the

long

journey.

The

soup

smells

perfect

but

tastes

terrible.

The

water

__

cool

when

I

jumped

into

the

pool

for

morning

exercise.A.

was

felt

B.

is

felt

C.

felt

D.

feels

2.表示主語(yǔ)某種屬性、特征的動(dòng)詞read,

write,

sell,

act,

wash,

clean,

wear,

open,

lock,

shut,

dry

Shakespeare’s

books

sell

well.

This

kind

of

material

washes

easily,

so

itsaves

much

waterDon’t

waste

your

time.

The

door

doesn’t

lock

at

all.

--.“How

about

the

dishes,

Dear？”

---“The

beef

didn’t

taste

very

good.

It

______

too

long.”

A.

cooked

B.

had

been

cooked

C.

was

cooked

D.

had

cooked3.be

worth＋doing

need/want/require/deserve+doing表示被動(dòng)意義。This

movie

is

well

worth

seeing

a

second

time.

Your

proposal

is

worth

considering.

4.不定式的主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)。主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+不定式

I

have

lots

of

work

to

do

this

week.

Have

you

got

anything

to

say

at

the

meeting?

This

question

is

easy

to

work

out.

English

is

hard

to

learn.The

question

he

asked

is

hard

____

．

A.

for

answer

B.

to

answer

C．to

be

answered

D.

answering5.blame,

let，經(jīng)常在be+todo表被動(dòng)。

Your

husband

is

to

blame

for

your

spoiled

child.

The

house

is

to

let

not

for

sale.

I

feel

it

is

your

husband

who

____

for

the

spoiled

child.

A.

is

to

blame

B.

is

doing

to

blame

C.

is

to

be

blame

D.

should

blame實(shí)踐運(yùn)用14浙江改錯(cuò)IwastakingatraintoLondon’sVictoriaStation.Ihadnoticedthatthecarriagewasnoiseandfilledwithpeople.Beforelong,atraininspectorcomestocheckouttickets.Apassengerrealizedhecouldn’tfindhisticketbutbecamequiteupset.came2015全國(guó)卷語(yǔ)法填空ItwasraininglightlywhenI____(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn…..…I’dskipp