任務(wù)六 底盤(pán)構(gòu)造

2023/1/11汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)邊浩毅黃國(guó)潮馮謠高等職業(yè)教育“十三五”規(guī)劃教材主

編副

主

編2023/1/11四沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)介紹發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)造認(rèn)識(shí)燃油直噴系統(tǒng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)冷卻系統(tǒng)和潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)認(rèn)識(shí)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)和起動(dòng)系統(tǒng)認(rèn)識(shí)任務(wù)一任務(wù)二任務(wù)三任務(wù)四任務(wù)五任務(wù)六任務(wù)七任務(wù)八底盤(pán)構(gòu)造認(rèn)識(shí)汽車檢測(cè)設(shè)備認(rèn)識(shí)KT600汽車診斷系統(tǒng)任務(wù)九汽車市場(chǎng)調(diào)查分析進(jìn)出口交易的一般流程來(lái)人來(lái)電購(gòu)車接待汽車產(chǎn)品配置介紹汽車保險(xiǎn)辦理汽車銷售禮儀任務(wù)十任務(wù)十一任務(wù)十二任務(wù)十三任務(wù)十四任務(wù)十五任務(wù)十六汽車產(chǎn)品售后服務(wù)出國(guó)手續(xù)辦理

任務(wù)六底盤(pán)構(gòu)造

BriefIntroduction1.chassis['??si]n.底盤(pán)2.transmission[tr?nz'm??(?)n]n.變速器3.clutch[kl?t?]n.離合器4.differential[.d?f?'ren?(?)l]n.差速齒輪，差速器5.torque[t?:(r)k]n.扭矩，轉(zhuǎn)矩6.disconnect[?d?sk??nekt]v.斷開(kāi)，分離，拆開(kāi)7.shift[??ft]vt.換檔，替換，改變，變速8.transaxle[tr?ns'?ksl]n.變速驅(qū)動(dòng)橋9.round[ra?nd]vt.繞行，拐彎10.suspension[s?'spen?(?)n]n.懸架，懸掛裝置11.axle['?ks(?)l]n.輪軸，車軸，車橋12.spoke[sp??k]n.輪輻

WordList2023/1/11

WordList13.diameter[da?'?m?t?(r)]n.直徑14.cab[k?b]n.司機(jī)室，駕駛室15.angular['??gj?l?(r)]adj.有角的16.accommodate[??k?m?de?t]vt.使適應(yīng)，容納17.gearbox['g??(r).b?ks]n.齒輪箱，變速箱18.multiply['m?lt?pla?]v.乘，增加19.worm[w?:(r)m]n.蝸桿20.roller['r??l?(r)]n.蝸輪，滾筒21.socket[?s?kit]n.窩，孔，插座22.thread[θred]n.螺紋23.stud[st?d]n.柱頭螺栓，螺柱2023/1/11

WordList24.frame[fre?m]n.車架25.unison[?ju:n?s(?)n]n.和諧，一致26.grade[gre?d]n.斜坡27.caliper['k?l?p?]n.卡鉗28.perpendicular[p?:(r)p?n'd?kj?l?(r)]adj.垂直的，正交的29.optional[??p?(?)n?l]adj.可選擇的，隨意的30.tire[ta??]n.輪胎31.handle['h?nd(?)l]vi.搬運(yùn)，易于操縱32.passenger['p?s?nd??(r)]n.乘客，旅客Textlearning-exampleThepowertraincarriespowerfromtheenginecrankshafttothecarwheelssothewheelsrotateandcarmoves.ChassisStructure2023/1/11Textlearning-exampleThemanualtransmissionprovidesameansofvaryingtherelationshipbetweenthespeedoftheengineandthespeedofthewheels.Varyingthesegearratiosallowstherightamountofenginepoweratmanydifferentspeeds.ManualTransmission2023/1/11(a)Whentheclutchisinthereleasedposition(clutchpedaldepressed),theclutchforkisapplyingaforcetothethrowout(release)bearing,whichpushesonthediaphragmspring,releasingthepressureonthefrictiondisc.(b)Whentheclutchisintheengagedposition(clutchpedalup),thediaphragmspringexertsforceontheclutchdisc,holdingitbetweentheflywheelandthepressureplate.Textlearning-exampleClutch2023/1/11Differentialsareusedattherearofvehicleswithrear-wheeldriveandusedatthefrontinthetransaxlesofvehicleswithfront-wheeldrive.Whenthecarisonstraightroad,theringgear,differentialcase,differentialpiniongears,andtwodifferentialsidegearsallturnasaunitwithoutanyrelativemotion.Textlearning-exampleDifferential2023/1/11Adriveshaft,alsocalledapropellershaft,isusedtoconnectandtransmitenginetorquefromthetransmissiontothereardifferential.Universaljoints(U-joints)areusedtoallowthereardifferentialtomoveupanddownontherearsuspensionandstillbeabletotransmitenginetorqueTextlearning-exampleDriveShaft2023/1/11Thesteeringsystemmustdeliverprecisedirectionalcontrol.Anditmustdosorequiringlittledrivereffortatthesteeringwheel.Thekeycomponentsthatmakeupthesteeringsystemarethesteeringwheel,steeringcolumn,steeringshaft,steeringgear,pitmanarm,draglink,steeringarm,balljoints,andtie-rodassembly.Textlearning-exampleSteeringSystem2023/1/11Thesteeringshaftisatthecenterofthesteeringcolumn.Thetopendofthesteeringshaftsplinestothecenterofthesteeringwheel,andalargenutfastensthesteeringwheeltotheshaft.Thelockhousing,whichcontainstheignitionlockcylin-der,encasesthetoppartofthesteeringshaft.Thesteeringcolumnjacketcoverstheshaftundertheignitionlockhousing,andthegearselectorleverhousingfitsoveraportionofthecolumnjacket.Textlearning-exampleSteeringColumn2023/1/11Sometimescalledasteeringlever,thisforgedsteelcomponentconnectsthedraglinktothetopportionofthedriver’ssidesteeringknuckleandspindle.[6]Asthesteeringarmmoves,itchangestheangleofthesteeringknuckle.Textlearning-exampleSteeringArm2023/1/11Discbrakesemployabrakediscthatrotateswiththewheel.Thebrakediscisusuallyreferredtoasabrakerotor.Ahydraulicallyoperatedcaliperisusedtoforcetheliningfrictionmaterialagainstthebrakingsurfaceoftherotorforstoppingwheelrotation.[8]Discbrakeshoesmoveperpendiculartothefaceofthebrakerotortoprovideaclampingactionontherotortoslowthevehiclemotion.Textlearning-exampleDiscBrake

ProperNames1.powertrain 動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)2.driveshaft 傳動(dòng)軸3.manualtransmission手動(dòng)變速器4.automatictransmission自動(dòng)變速器5.planetarygearsystem行星齒輪系統(tǒng)6.ringgear 冠狀齒輪7.differentialcase 差速器殼8.differentialpiniongears差速器行星小齒輪9.differentialsidegears差速器半軸齒輪10.propellershaft汽車傳動(dòng)軸11.universaljoint 萬(wàn)向節(jié)12.steeringsystem轉(zhuǎn)向系13.brakesystem制動(dòng)系2023/1/11

ProperNames14.steeringwheel轉(zhuǎn)向盤(pán)15.steeringcolumn轉(zhuǎn)向管柱16.steeringshaft 轉(zhuǎn)向軸17.steeringgear 轉(zhuǎn)向齒輪，轉(zhuǎn)向器18.pitmanarm 轉(zhuǎn)向搖臂19.draglink 轉(zhuǎn)向直拉桿20.steeringarm 轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)臂21.balljoint 球形接頭22.tie-rod 轉(zhuǎn)向橫拉桿23.steeringknuckle轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)24.servicebrakesystem行車制動(dòng)系25.parkingbrakesystem停車制動(dòng)系26.drumbrake 鼓式制動(dòng)器27.discbrake 盤(pán)式制動(dòng)器2023/1/11

ProperNames28.brakeshoe 制動(dòng)蹄29.wheelcylinder 輪缸，分泵30.mastercylinder主缸，總泵31.hydraulicbrakesystem液壓制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)32.brakepedal 制動(dòng)踏板33.suspensionsystem懸架系統(tǒng)34.leafspring 鋼板彈簧35.coilspring 螺旋彈簧36.airspring 減振氣囊37.torsionbar扭桿彈簧Translationofdifficultsentence1.Thepowertraincarriespowerfromtheenginecrankshafttothecarwheelssothewheelsrotateandcarmoves.翻譯：從發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)曲軸輸出的動(dòng)力經(jīng)傳動(dòng)系傳遞給車輪，使車輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，驅(qū)動(dòng)汽車前進(jìn)。2.Whenthecarisonstraightroad,theringgear,differentialcase,differentialpiniongears,andtwodifferentialsidegearsallturnasaunitwithoutanyrelativemotion.翻譯：當(dāng)汽車行駛在直線道路上時(shí)，環(huán)形齒輪，差速器殼，差速器行星小齒輪以及差速器半軸齒輪等作為無(wú)相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的整體而轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。語(yǔ)法：when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。asaunit表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的方式。3.Sinceallroadsarenotperfectlysmooth,andthetransmissionisfixed,thedriveshafthastobeflexibletoabsorbtheshocksofbumpsintheroad.翻譯：因?yàn)椴皇撬械穆访娑际瞧秸?，而變速器又是固定的，這樣，傳動(dòng)軸不得不具有彈性以吸收來(lái)自路面的顛簸振動(dòng)。語(yǔ)法：since…引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。2023/1/11Translationofdifficultsentence4.Spokesextendfromthewheeltothewheelhub,whichisfastenedsecurelyatthetopofthesteeringcolumn.翻譯：轉(zhuǎn)向盤(pán)輻條從轉(zhuǎn)向盤(pán)輪緣延伸到轉(zhuǎn)向盤(pán)的輪轂，而輪轂則被緊緊地安裝在轉(zhuǎn)向管柱的頂端。語(yǔ)法：whichisfastenedsecurelyatthetopofthesteeringcolumn是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。修飾先行詞thewheelhub。5.Theouterendofthepitmanarmmovesthroughanarcinordertochangetherotarymotionofthesteeringgearoutputshaftintolinearmotion.翻譯：轉(zhuǎn)向搖臂的外端沿著弧向運(yùn)動(dòng)，以便將轉(zhuǎn)向器輸出軸的旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)變成直線運(yùn)動(dòng)。6.Sometimescalledasteeringlever,thisforgedsteelcomponentconnectsthedraglinktothetopportionofthedriver’ssidesteeringknuckleandspindle.翻譯：由鋼鐵鑄造的轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)臂有時(shí)又稱為轉(zhuǎn)向桿，它將轉(zhuǎn)向直拉桿與駕駛員側(cè)的轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)和轉(zhuǎn)向輪軸的上端部分連接在一起。2023/1/11Translationofdifficultsentence7.Drumbrakesuseaninternalexpandingbrakeshoewiththeliningattached,workingwithintheconfinesofarotatingbrakesurfacecalledabrakedrum.翻譯：鼓式制動(dòng)器使用一個(gè)內(nèi)張型的帶摩擦片的制動(dòng)蹄，以制動(dòng)鼓內(nèi)圓柱面為工作表面，摩擦片在工作表面的限定區(qū)域內(nèi)接觸。語(yǔ)法：working…是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作用相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句。8.Ahydraulicallyoperatedcaliperisusedtoforcetheliningfrictionmaterialagainstthebrakingsurfaceoftherotorforstoppingwheelrotation.翻譯：液壓式制動(dòng)鉗是用來(lái)迫使摩擦片上摩擦材料緊靠在制動(dòng)盤(pán)的端面上，用以使汽車車輪停止旋轉(zhuǎn)。9.Thisbrakesystemmustbecapableofholdingthevehicleonagradeandbringingthevehicletoastopiftheservicebrakesfail.翻譯：駐車制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)必須能保證汽車在斜坡上原地停駐，并在行車制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)失效時(shí)仍能實(shí)現(xiàn)汽車停車。語(yǔ)法：becapableofdoing中的doing即為句中的holding和bringing，它們是并列關(guān)系。2023/1/11PracticalReadingAnautomobilebodyisgenerallydividedintofoursections-thefront,theupperortop,rea