高中英語詞義猜測技巧

WordsGuessing北京第十七中學(xué)秦月年高中英語猜詞技巧TigersontheroadIfyoucomeacross/meetwithnewwords

whilereading,whatwillyoudo?

2.Ignorethemandcontinuereading;1.Lookthemupinthedictionary;3.Guessthemeanings;Whataretheskillsofguessingthemeaningsofnewwords?1.Hewasperformingbeforeapackedhomeandhistechniquewasunbelievable,histonewaswonderfulandhisaudiencedeeplylovedhim.unbelievablemeans__________________難以置信的Skill1______________________________構(gòu)詞法(wordformation)2.Exhibitionofficialssaidthatapersonbittenbyoneofthesesnakeswouldneedatleast80mlofananti-poisonmedicinetobesaved.anti-poisonmeans__________________解毒、抗毒一、發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律，總結(jié)技巧1.合成法：將兩個或兩個以上的單詞合成在一起構(gòu)成新詞。warm-hearted,man-made,reading-room,sleepwalk2.派生法：在詞根上加前綴(prefix)或后綴(suffix)構(gòu)成另一個與原意略有變化或截然相反的詞。前綴：uncomfortable,misunderstand,impossible;后綴：scientist,selfless,useful,decision前后綴：unbelievable,unforgettable,

disagreement3.轉(zhuǎn)化法：一種詞性用作另一種詞性。Heisdoggingbehindme.他在我后面跟著。Wewill

back

youup.我們將支持你。構(gòu)詞法(wordformation)stethoscopemeans____________3.Themodernageofmedicinebeganwiththestethoscope,aninstrumentforlisteningtoapatient’sheartbeatandbreathing.聽診器Skill2________________________________定義、解釋(definitionandexplanation)4.Thetextbook

glossary

isalistofnewwordsandphraseswe’velearnedinthetext.glossarymeans____________詞匯表periodicalmeans__________________5.Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:TheWorldofEnglish,ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchool,orEnglishLearning.

期刊Skill3______________________________標(biāo)點符號(punctuation)6.Thisyearabout2,300

teenagers

(youngpeopleagedfrom13－19)fromallovertheworldwillspendabouttenmonthsinU.S.homes.teenagermeans__________________青少年7.Theheatofsunwarmssomeoceanwater.Thesurfaceofthewaterevaporates,formingacloudofwarm,wetairthatmovesupward.evaporatemeans__________________蒸發(fā)Skill4__________________________________經(jīng)驗、常識(experienceandcommon-sense)8.Birdsflywiththeirwings,andtheypickuptheirfoods,andtheneatthemwiththeir

beaks

andtheyusetheir

claws

forpullingorholdingobjects.beakmeans______andclawmeans______喙爪子assemblemeans__________________9.Thepupilsassembledinfrontoftheschoolhall.Theycametogethertolistentotheheadmasterannouncetheresultofthesportsmeeting.聚集到Skill5__________________________________語境；因果關(guān)系(contextandcause-effect)10.IfoundIwaspayingtoomuchattentiontothejobandthussacrificingmystudytime.sacrificemeans__________________犧牲；失去11.Todayyoungcoupleswhoarejuststartingtheirhouseholdoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washing-machine,fridgeandcolourTVsets.appliancemeans__________________家用電器Skill6______________________________舉例(examples)12.ManyUnitedNationsemployeesarepolyglot.Mr.White,forexample,speakssixlanguages.polyglotmeans__________________懂多種語言的detrimentalmeans__________________有害的Skill7________________________________13.Doctorsbelievethatsmokingcigarettesisdetrimentaltoyourhealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful.14.OnenightMrs.Rochestersucceededinsettingthehouseonfire.Mr.Rochestermanagedtoleadtheservantstosafetyandthenwentbackintotheburning

mansiontorescuehiswife.mansionmeans__________________房子，樓房同義詞、同等關(guān)系(synonyms)15.Andrewisoneofthemost

supercilious

menIknew.However,Hisbrotherisquitemodest.superciliousmeans__________________傲慢的Skill8______________________________對比、反義(contrastandantonym)16.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings;hiswife,however,isvery

thrifty.thriftymeans__________________節(jié)儉的高中英語猜測詞義技巧

Summary1.構(gòu)詞法2.定義、解釋3.標(biāo)點符號4.經(jīng)驗、常識5.語境、因果6.舉例8.對比、反義7.同義、同等一、構(gòu)詞法1.AsyouarereceivingmynotebyE-mail,it‘swisetorememberhoweasilythiswonderfultechnologycanbemisused,sometimesunintentionally(無意地),withseriousresults.誤用2.

Sanctuariesareplaceswhereitisagainstthelawtohuntbirdsandanimals.禁獵區(qū)二、定義、解釋二、生詞有道，勇于猜測三、標(biāo)點符號3.Bearsare

omnivorous.Theywilleateverything:othermammals,birds,fruits,plants,nuts,orfish.雜食性的四、經(jīng)驗、常識4.It’ssaidthatBillGatesisthemostaffluent

personintheworld.富有的五、語境、因果5.Althoughthefishermanwaswearingsou’wester,thestormwassoheavythathewaswetthrough.防雨衣六、舉例6.Childrenlikesuch

beasts

asdogsandmonkeys.動物七、同義、同等7.

E-commerce,orbusinessdoneontheInternet,isbecomingmoreandmorepopularaspeoplediscovertheadvantageofonlineshopping.電子商務(wù)

八、對比、反義8.Americanbusinessmenexpectemployeestobepunctual.Theydonotexpectthattheworkerswillcomelate.準(zhǔn)時，不遲到三、熟詞新義，重在理解1.Thoughyearshavenowpassed,Istillwonderwheremy

rainbow

hasgone.Iwonderif,maybewhenIgetolder,Icanfindmy

rainbowandneverhavetobrushitaway.Iguessweallneedsomesortofrainbow

tobrightenourlivesfromtimetotimeandtokeepourhopesanddreamscolorful.Theunderlinedword“rainbow”refersto_____.

A.therainbowintheskyB.thestripesonthepavementC.somethingimaginativeandfunD.importantlessonslearnedinchildhood.2.Ofcourse,thegoodofoxenisnotlimitedtoplowing.Infact,theyareseenas“boatsonland”fortheirabilitytocarryloads.Besides,thewholebodyofanoxisfulloftreasures.Theirmeatandmilkarefoodfullofnutrition,andtheirskincanbeusedtomakeclothesandshoes.Withallthesequalities,oxenareregardedasgenerouscreatures.Thewords“boatsonland”referto_______.A.animalsfortakinggoodsB.creaturesforpullingplowsC.treasuresofthefolkcultureD.toolsinthefarmingeconomy

3.Weekslater,standingbeforethisunfriendlymass,Iwastotallylost.Ohwell,Iloweredthepaperandsatdownatmydesk,burningtofindoutwhatIhaddonewrong.Asaclassmatebeganhisreport,itallbecameclear,“MyreportisonGeorgeWashington,themanwhostartedtheAmericanRevolution.”Thewholeworldbecamequite!HowcouldIknowthatshemeantthatGeorgeWashington?Theunderlinedword“burning”probablymeans_______.

A.annoyedB.ashamedC.readyD.eager

4.Eventhoughsciencecantellusthatsomeofourtraditionalbeliefsdon’tholdwater,thereisstillalotoftruthintheoldwives’stories.Thephrase"holdwater"mostprobablymeans_____.A.tobebelievableB.tobevaluableC.tobeadmirableD.tobesuitable

5.‘‘Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchanging,”saysPeterSchantz.Monkey-pox(猴痘)maybethewake-upcall.Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfecttheirowners.Weknowverylittleaboutthesenewdiseases.Anewbug(病毒)maybekindatfirst.Butitmaydevelopintosomethingharmful.Monkey-poxdoesn’tlookamajorinfectiousdisease.Butitisnotimpossibletopassthediseasefrompersontoperson.Whatdoesthephrase“thewake-upcall’’mostprobablymean?A.anewdiseaseB.aclearwarningC.adangerousanimalD.amorningcall

6.

“Getyourhandsoffme,Ihavebeenstolen,”thelaptop,aportablecomputer,shouted.Thatisanewsolutiontolaptopcomputertheft(偷竊):aprogramthatletsownersgivetheirpropertyavoicewhenithasbeentaken.

Theprogramallowsuserstodisplayalertsonthemissingcomputer’sscreenandeventosetaspokenmessage.Trackingsoftwareforstolenlaptopshasbeenonthemarketforsometime,butthisisthoughttobethefirstthatallowsowners

togivethethiefapieceoftheirmind.Theexpression“togivethethiefapieceoftheirmind”canbeunderstoodas“_______”.A.togivethethiefanalertmindB.toexpresstheowners’angertothethiefC.toremindthethiefofthisconscienceD.tomakethethiefgiveuphismind高中英語詞義猜測秘笈定義釋義讀仔細，詞根詞綴需牢記。上下左右找玄機，語境因果謹分析。對比反義要推敲，同義同等利用好。熟練掌握靈活妙，多多練習(xí)最重要。標(biāo)點舉例不可少，經(jīng)驗常識裝頭腦。高中英語詞義猜測秘笈定義釋義讀仔細，詞根詞綴需牢記。上下左右找玄機，語境因果謹分析。對比反義要推敲，同義同等利用好。熟練掌握靈活妙，多多練習(xí)最重要。標(biāo)點舉例不可少，經(jīng)驗常識裝頭腦。

1.Somefamilynamesweremadebyaddingsomethingtothefather’sname.English-speakingpeopleadded–sor–sons.TheJohnsonsaredescendentsofJohn;theRobertsfamily’sancestorwasRobert.IrishandScottishpeopleaddedMacorMcorO.Perhaps,alloftheMacDonnell’sandtheMcDonnellsandtheO’DonnellsaredescendentsofthesameDonnell.…Theunderlinedword“descendants”meansaperson’s_______?A.latergenerationB.friendsandrelativesC.colleaguesandpartnersD.latersponsor四、綜合訓(xùn)練，合作探究

2.Beijing’sskiingcrazeispartlyaresultoftherecentincreaseinprivate(私有的)cars.Thishasledtothegrowthofaleisureindustryinthecapitalsuburbs(郊區(qū))，whichuntilthelate-1990swereunreachabletoordinarypeople.Theunderlinedwords“l(fā)eisureindustry”referto_______.A.transporttoskiresortsB.productionoffamilycarsC.businessofprovidingsparetimeenjoymentsD.part-timeworkforpeoplelivinginthesuburbs

3.

Iknowwhatyou’rethinking:pizzaforbreakfast?Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnight’s

leftovers

inthea.m.ifyouwantto.Iknowlotsofwomenwhoskip(不吃)breakfastandtheyhaveatonofdifferentexcusesfordoingit.Somesaytheydon’thavetime,othersthinkthey’re“saving”calories(卡路里),stillothersjustdon’tlikebreakfastfood.Theword“l(fā)eftovers”probablymeans______.A.foodremainingafteramealB.thingsleftundoneC.mealsmadeofvegetablesD.pizzatoppedwithfruit

4.

IhadalwaystraveledtoMalaysiabyplaneorcar,sothiswasthefirsttimeIwasonthetrain.Ididn’tparticularlyrelishthelongtrainjourneyandhadbroughtalongadoze