初一英語(yǔ)介詞練習(xí)題2

初一英語(yǔ)介詞練習(xí)題2初一英語(yǔ)介詞練習(xí)題2初一英語(yǔ)介詞練習(xí)題2資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月初一英語(yǔ)介詞練習(xí)題2版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：介詞練習(xí)題1()1Childrengetgifts____Christmasand____theirbirthdays.A.on;onB.at;onC.in;inD.in;on()2-Thereisnothing____tomorrowafternoon,isthere?-No.Wecanhaveagameoftabletennis.A.onB.inC.outD.up()3Alotofstudentsinourschoolwereborn____March,1981.A.inB.atC.onD.since()4tiesuddenlyreturned____arainynight.A.onB.atC.inD.during()5Mygrandfatherwasborn____Oct.10,1935.A.onB.inC.atD.of()6Thetrainisstarting___fiveminutes.A.inB.atC.forD.still()7Mikedoeshisexercises____seven_____theevening.A.on;toB.at;inC.by;ofD.at;on2()1Thepopulationoftheworldhasgrownveryfast____fourhundredyears.A.forpasttheB.inthepassC.inthepastD.forpast()2Wereturnedtoourhometown___.A.nextweekB.inthelastweekC.lastweekD.foraweek()3Greatchangeshavetakenplace___.A.inthelastfewyearB.inthelastfewyearsC.lastyearD.onthelastyear3()1Childrenwakeupveryearly____themorningofChristmasDay.A.inB.onC.forD.at()2____acoldwintermorning,Imetherinthestfeet.A.InB.OnC.AtD.For()3Ithappenedtobeverycold____themorningofoursportsmeet.A.atB.onC.withD.of()4Whydidyougetupsoearly___thismorning.A.onB./C.atD.in4()1HewenttoShanghai___September3,1991andcameback___acoldmorninglastyear.A.in;onB.on;inC.on;onD.in;ia()2Lucywasborn____thenightofMay12,1984.....A.onB.inC.atD.to()3MrsBrowncametoChina____1996.A.onB.ofC.to,D.in()4___themorningofNovember20,1915,theworkerscametoChicagotoshowtheirmourning___JoeHill.A.On;toB.In;of.C.On;for,D.At;for()5Annmoved___Hangzhou___September,1992.A./;iniB.to;inC.to;onD,in;in()6Theystartedoff___anautumnafternoon.A.duringB.atC.inD.on5()1Heoftengoes____school____sixthirty____themorning.A.for;to;inB.to;atinC.to;for;atD,for;at;to()2Hearrived___Shanghai___9:30___March5.fA.at;in;atB.to;on;atC.in;on;atD.in;at;on()3TheEnglishteachertoldmetogetthere____halfpastten.A:inB.atC.onD.of()4Thechildrengetup___6o'clock.A.atB.onC.duringD.in6()1Thedoctorworked___fivehours___arest.A.for;withB.on;withoutC.about;havingD.for;without()2Iworkedontheproblem____alongtimeandIworkeditout____myself____last.A.for;by;atB.in;with;onC.on;by;inD.for;for;atthe()3Anewfactorywillbesetup:___ayear.^'lotaeA.forB.inC.afterD.on()4Twoyears___hebegantowriteanotherstory-book.A.afterB.later;C.inD.late()5Wewillfinishthepicture——aday.A.inB.onC.afterD.on()6Theworkershadbeen____strike____almostamonth.A.on;inB.at;inC.on;forD.on;during()7MrBrownhadlain____theground____fourhoursbeforetheyfinallyfoundhim.A.on;forB.at;inC.on;afterD.in;during7()1Theteacheriscomingback___anhour.A.afterB.forC.inD.before()2Shelivedinthemountainvillage____theyears1940-1950.A.betweenB.duringC.inD.since()3MissWangwillcometoBeijing____twodays.A.afterB.inC.onD.before()4TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryearsbeforetheNorthwon____theend.A.byB.atC.inD.on8()7Maryhadfinishedherhomework____thetimeIgothome.A.untilB.byC.atD.when()2Westayedatthelab___ourteacherreturned.A.tillB.byC.duringD.while()3Theydidn'tleavethestation___theygetonthetrain.A.untilB.byC.afteryD.at91Don'tworry.Hewillreturn____.A.beforelongB.longbeforeC.longlongagoD.longago2Therelivedanoldman,fishingatsea____.A.longbeforeB.beforelongC.longtimeagoD.soon3Itwasnot_____theycameback.A.longbeforeB.beforelongC.longtimebeforeD.longafter4IwastoldthathisunclehadgonetoFrance.A.longbefore-B.shortlyafterC.beforelongD.longago10()1___Tomgetsupatfiveinthemorning.A.SometimeB.SometimesC.SometimeD.Sometimes()2Irememberwemeteachother___lastyear.A.Sometime'B.sometimesC.sometimeD.sometimes()3MaryandIhavebeentotheGreatWall,___.A.sometimeB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes()4HestudiedEnglishfor____inLondon,andthenhewenttoAmerica.A.sometimesB.sometimenewB.sometimeB.sometimes11()1Idon'tliketosit___Tom'sright.Iwouldliketosit___thebackrow.A.on;inB.in;onC.on;atD.at;on()2Thereisabrook____redflowersandgreengrass___bothsides.A.ofwithB.with;onC.of;atD.with;in()3Therearemanytrees___oftheroad!And____ofthetreesisgrowinglargerandlarger.......A.onbothside;anumberB.oneachsides;anumberC.onbothsides;thenumberD.oneveryside;thenumber12()1Theplaneisflying_____.A.intheskyB.in.theairC.inspaceD.insky()2Thereisasweetsmell___.A.intheairB.intheopenairC.intheskyD.inthespace()3Weheldaninterestingparty___.A.intheairB.intheskyC.intheopenairD.inspace()4Seenfrom___,theearthappearstobeabigblueball.A.thespaceB.spaceC.aspaceD.thisspace13()1Tomsits____theclassroomwhileJohnsits____theroom.A.infrontof;atbackofB.inthefrontof;atthebackofC.infrontof;atthebackofD.inthefrontof;atbackof()2Lucysits____thethirdrow,____Jim'sleft.A.on;onB.in;atC.at;inD.in;on()3Jiangsuis___theeastofChina,butJapanis___theeastofChina.A.to;inB.in;to.C.on;toD.to;on14()1.-CanIlookupaword____yourdictionary?-Ihaven'tgot____me.A.into;aboutB.in;withC.at;inD.on;on()21likemooncakes____meat____them.A.in;onB.with;onC.in;theD.with;in()3Whenyouare___troublepleaseaskhelp___us.A.in;fromB.in;forC.on;fromD.on;of()4Theshopkeepersaidtheyhadsoldouttheshoes____yoursize.A.aboutB.inC.toD.of()5Isawhim___hurryatthemoment.A.inaB.inC.onD.ona15()1Heputupamap___thebackwallbecausetherewasahole___it.A.on;onB.at;inC.on;inD.on;at()2Thereisadoor___thewall."ta^ncA.onB.toC.ofD.in()3ThiskindofVCDismade____China..A.inB.fromC.atD.on()4Anyman___eyes______hisheadcanseethathe'sexactlylikearope.A.with;onB.with;inC.on;withD.in;with16()1Therearesomebirdssinging___thetrees.A.inB.onC.atD.from()2Don'tread____thesun.It'sbad___youreyes.A.in;toB.under;forC.with;toD.in;on()3Thewoman____abluedressismyteacher.A.inB.onC.ofD.at()4Therearesomanyapples___thattree.A.inJB,onC.at,D.from17()1Theboatispassing___thebridge.A.throughB.belowC.underD.across()2Twoplanesareflying___thecity.A.throughB.over,C.on,D,below()3Wecanseeariverrunningtotheeast____thehill.A.underB.belowC.overD.on()4Doyouseethekite___thebuilding.A.overB.crossC.onD.above18()1TheUnitedStatesis____thesouthofCanadaand___theeastofJapan.A.to;inB.on;toC.in;besideD.at;on()2Myhometownlies___thecity.___Ioftengotothecitybybike.A.50milesintheeast;HoweverB.totheeast40milesof;ButC.intheeast45milesfrom;ButD.35mileseastof;However()3Themanstood____thewindow,watchingtheboysplayingoutside.A.inB.byC.withD.to()4Japanlies____theeastofChina.A.onB/toC.inD.with19()1Isthestreettoonarrowforthebustogo___A.throughB.acrossC.onD.in()2Amothercamelwaswalking___herson___thedesert.A.without;alongB.with;throughC.nextto;passD.beside;through()3Theriverruns____thecity.A.acrossB.throughC.overD.from()4Ittookusoveranhourtowalk____thisstreet.A.fromB.throughC.overD.across20()1UncleWangarrived____No.14MiddleSchoolhalfanhourago.A.atB.inC.,to^D./()2Didyourfriendsendyousomething___theendoflastweek?A.atB.byC.inD.to()3Themonument____thoseheroesstands____thefootofthemountain.A.of;atB.to;onC.for;byD.to;at()4Myunclelives____88BeijingStreet.A.toB.ofC.atD.on()5Theyarewaiting___abus___thebusstop.A.for;inB.on;atC.with;atD.for;at21()1Woodisoftenmade___paper.A.byB.fromC.ofD.into()2___research___theuniversescientistshaveputalotofinformation___computers.A.With;over;atB."On;at;toC.In;about;intoD.For;with;through()3;Whenapieceoficeistaken____awarmroom,itgetssmallerandsmalleruntil___theenditdisappearscompletely.A.in;inB.outof;atC.into;inD.to;by()4Awomanfell___theboat___thewater.A.off;intoB.at;belowC.down;underD.away;in22()1Thetablesintherestaurantaresoclosetogetherthatthere'shardlyanyroomtomove___them.A.amongB.betweenC.inthemiddleofD.atthecentreof()2Englishiswidelyusedforbusiness____differentcountries.A.betweenB.toC.forD.on()3Isthereanydifference____thesetwosentences?A.forB.inC.amongD.between()4Wevisitedhimathisworkplace___theyoungtreesandaskhimabouthiswork.EA.inB.amongC.betweenD.at()5Thereisthedifference___ChinesefoodandAmericanfood.A.fromB.atC.betweenD.by()6Thepolicestationis___theclothingshop___thepostoffice.A.between;andB.among;andC.near;ofD.on;right()7Heis____thegreatestscientistsintheworld.A.amongB.betweenC.inD.of23()

1Thereisabook-store___ourhouse.A.atB.throughC.acrossD.near()2Ourheadmastershowedthevisitors____ourschool.A.toB.forC.around-;D.near()3Themoonisthe___totheearth.A.closedB.nearC.nearestD.close24()

1Wehaveclasseseveryday____Sunday.A.besideB.besidesC.exceptD.exceptfor()2Nobodyknewit____me.A.butB.besideC.besidesD.without()3Whatdoyouspendyourtimeon___workandstudy?A.exceptB.besidesC.butD.without()4Doyouknowanyotherforeignlanguage____English.A.withoutB.besideC.besidesD.except()5Weneedfifteenmorepeople____thetwentyofustodothejob.A.besidesB.andC.exceptD.without()6NooneknewwhereMrSmithlived____hisdaughter.A.besidesB.andC,onlyD.except25()1_____thehelpoftheteacher,Tomhasmaderapidprogress____hisstudies.A.For;atB.Of;forC.By;onD.With;in()2Thechildrenareinterested___thissubject.A.toB.withC.inD.at()3Hismotheroftenhelpshim___Englishsohedoesbetter___Englishthanothers.;A.with;inB.on;inC.in;withD.with;at()4I'velostmyinterest____physics.A.inB.onC.atD.for()5Hedroveaway___thedirectionofLondon.A.inB.atC.toD.for()6Theletterwaswritten___ink.A.withB.inC.byD.at26()1___themoney,sheboughtanewcoat___herfather.A.With;forB.With;toC.For;withD.To;with()2WeiHuagetsonwell___herclassmates.A.withB.inC.toD.at()3Thereissomethingwrong___mybike.A.atB.inC.onD.with()4Theyarefillingtheirbags____booksandotherthings.A.inB.withC.ofD.by()5Whentheteacherheardustalkinginclass,hewasveryangry____A.toB.withC.forD.of()6WeusuallycovertheChristmastrees____colourlights.A.inB.useC.forD.with27()1-Hissuddendeathsurprisedhiswife.-Itwassobad.Hiswifewassurprised____hisdeath.A.byB.withC.atD.on()2Don'tlaugh____him,heonlymadeasmallmistake.A.atB.toC.aboutD.over()3Theboycriedout___thetopofhisvoice.A.atB.inC.onD.to28()TWeChinesepeopleareall___ourmotherland.A.famousforB.proudofC.busywithD.goodat()2Thebeautifulbottlewasmade____glass.A.fromB.inC.ofD.by()3Thisisamap___China.A.inB.atC.ofD.on()4Agroup___boysandgirlsaredancinginthepark.A.withB.ofC.forD.to29()1Theyaregettingready____fly____England____theirholiday.A.for;to;toB.to;to;forC.for;for;toD.to;to;to()2Whatdidyouhave___breakfast?A.atB.asC.forD.about()3Theywereinvitedtoanimportantball____thefirsttime____theirlives.A.for;inB.at;inC.on;forD.in;with()4Tomalwayscomeslate____school.A.at.B.insideC.toD.for()5MrSmithcaughthold___Bobandsaid,"Thisisagoodlesson___you.A.of;forB.for;ofC.of;ofD.for;for()6Theshop___clothesistherightside___thestreet.A.of;at;besideB.for;on;atC.for;on;ofD.of;in;of參考答案：1.1-7BAAAAAB

2.1-3CCB3.1-4BBBB

4.1-6CADBAD

5.1-4BDBA6.1-7BABBACA7.1-4CBBC8.1-3BAA9.1-4AAAA

10.1-4BADC

11.1-3ABC12.1-4AACB

13.1-3BDB

14.1-5BDABA15.1-4CDAB16.1-4AAAB17.1-4CBBD18.1-4BBBB19.1-4ABBB20.1-5AADCD21.1-5DCCA22.1-7BADBCAA23.1-3DCC24.1-6CABCAD25.1-6DCAAAB26.1-6AADBBD27.1-3CAA28.1-4BCCB29.1-6BCACAC英語(yǔ)共有十六種時(shí)態(tài)，其表現(xiàn)形式如下(以study為例)

一般時(shí)

進(jìn)行時(shí)

完成時(shí)

完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

現(xiàn)在study

bestudying

havestudied

havebeenstudying

過(guò)去studied

bestudying

hadstudied

hadbeenstudying

將來(lái)willstudy

wilbestudying

willhavestudied

willhavebeenstudying

過(guò)去將來(lái)wouldstudy

wouldbestudying

wouldhavestudied

wouldhavebeenstudying

時(shí)態(tài)（Tense）是表示行為、動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式。因此，當(dāng)我們說(shuō)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候，指的是相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)下的動(dòng)詞形式。

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

用法：A)表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。B)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。C)經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。

例：Healwayshelpsothers.（他總是幫助別人。）

D)客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則無(wú)法保持

主句、從句時(shí)態(tài)一致。

E)表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，（僅限于某些表示“來(lái)、去、動(dòng)

、停、開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的動(dòng)詞）可以與表示未來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)搭配使用

。常見(jiàn)的用法是：飛機(jī)、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通方式。

例：Thenexttrainleavesat3o'clockthisafternoon.

（下一趟火車今天下午3點(diǎn)開(kāi)車。）

Howoftendoesthisshuttlebusrun（這班車多久一趟）

F)在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句里經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在（有時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）表示將來(lái)事

情。

例：Whenyouhavefinishedthereport,Iwillhavewaitedforabout3

hours.（等你完成這份報(bào)告的時(shí)候，我就已經(jīng)等了將近3個(gè)小時(shí)了。）

2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(bedoing)

用法：現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(havedone)用法：A)表示動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。

例：Iboughtanewhouse,butI_________myoldoneyet,soatthemomentIhavetwohouses.

A)didn'tsellB)soldC)haven'tsoldD)wouldsell

答案是C)haven'tsold。

B)表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)刻開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或情況，并且有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時(shí)經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用since加一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或for加一段時(shí)間，或by加一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。

例：GreatasNewtonwas,manyofhisideas___________todayand

arebeingmodifiedbytheworkofscientistsofourtime.

A)aretochallengeC)havebeenchallenged

B)maybechallengedD)arechallenging

全句的意思是：“雖然牛頓是個(gè)偉大的人物，但他的許多見(jiàn)解直到今天還在受到挑戰(zhàn)，并且被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)家的工作所修正?！眂hallenge是及物動(dòng)詞，在本句中應(yīng)當(dāng)是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；其動(dòng)作延續(xù)到今天，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。可見(jiàn)答案是C)havebeenchallenged。A)aretochallenge和D)arechallenging都是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不可能是答案。B)maybechallenged雖然是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但意思與全句內(nèi)容不合，所以不對(duì)。

C)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作或情況。通常用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，如：arrive,begin,find,give,lose等。

例：Johnhasbrokenhisleftleg.（約翰摔斷了左腿。）

注意事項(xiàng)：A)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是聯(lián)系過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的紐帶。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)態(tài)，或受動(dòng)態(tài)的影響，是動(dòng)態(tài)的結(jié)果，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響；過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。

例：Heworkedinthathospitalfor8years.（他曾經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。這只是講述一個(gè)過(guò)去的事實(shí)，他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那家醫(yī)院了。）

Hehasworkedinthathospitalfor8years.（他已經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院里工作了8年。表示他從過(guò)去開(kāi)始工作，一直工作到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在仍在那家醫(yī)院工作。）

B)因?yàn)楹衒or加一段時(shí)間或since加一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的完成時(shí)，有動(dòng)態(tài)和延續(xù)性的特點(diǎn)，所以不能使用終端動(dòng)詞或瞬間動(dòng)詞。

例：Mysisterhasbeenmarriedfor5years.（過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ)表示狀態(tài)，可以延續(xù)）

Mysisterhasmarried.Don'tdisturbher.（終端動(dòng)詞）

C)在"thisisthefirst/second/third……timethat……"句型里要求用完成時(shí)。

例：ThisisthesecondtimethattheproductsofourcompanyhavebeenshownintheInternationalExhibition.（這是我公司產(chǎn)品第二次參加國(guó)際展覽會(huì)。）

D)句型"Itis/hasbeen……since"所使用的兩種時(shí)態(tài)都正確。

例：Itis/hasbeen10yearssinceIlastsawhim.（從我上次見(jiàn)到他以來(lái)已經(jīng)10年了。）

E)在"nosoonerthan"、"hardly/scarcely……when"、"before"、"priorto"等句型中，主句要求完成時(shí)。

例：Ihaven'tmetthatprofessorpriortotoday.（以前我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)那位教授。）

4.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(havebeendoing)

用法：表示某一動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去某一時(shí)間，延續(xù)或重復(fù)地出現(xiàn)至今，或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將來(lái)。

例：Wehavebeenworkingonthisprojectforoveramonthnow.（到目前為止，我們一直在處理那個(gè)項(xiàng)目，已經(jīng)花了一個(gè)多月時(shí)間了。）

注意事項(xiàng)：與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相比，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)：在從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間里，動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)或一直反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。

例：Itseemsoil___________fromthispipeforsometime.We'llhavetotakethemachineaparttoputitright.

A)hadleakedB)isleaking

C)leakedD)hasbeenleaking

從本題上下文看，這兩個(gè)句子的意思是：“看來(lái)，這個(gè)管道漏油已有一段時(shí)間了，我們將不得不拆卸機(jī)器排除故障?！钡诙浔硎緦⒁扇〉拇胧?。第一句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在第二句之前，并且延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在為止仍在繼續(xù)。因此，空格中需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。D)hasbeenleaking是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，因此是本題的答案。有11%的考生誤選了B)isleaking。由于本句有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)forsometime，表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作延續(xù)，謂語(yǔ)不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，必須用和完成時(shí)有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。有些考生誤選了C)leaked或A)hadleaked。是因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有注意到本題第二句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，所以第一句的謂語(yǔ)不能用過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

5.一般過(guò)去時(shí)

用法：A)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。

B)表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。特別是由would/usedtodo表達(dá)的句型，本身表示的

就是過(guò)去時(shí)。

例：Theoldmanwouldsitonabenchinthequietparkandlookatothersforhourswithoutdoinganythingortalkingtoanybody.（老人過(guò)去常常坐在寧?kù)o的公園里的一條長(zhǎng)椅上，看著其他的人，一坐就是數(shù)個(gè)小時(shí)，什么也不干，也不和任何人交談。）

Heusedtovisithismotheronceaweek.（他以前總是每周看望一次他的母親。）

C)有時(shí)可代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)一種婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣、禮貌、商量的語(yǔ)氣。

例：IwantedtoaskyouifIcouldborrowyourcar（我想向您借車用一用，可以嗎）

Wouldyoumindmysittinghere（您介意我坐在這里嗎）

注意事項(xiàng)：A)注意時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間的詞或詞組，如：yesterday,lastmonth,in1999,twodaysago等，絕對(duì)不可與recently,inthepast10years,thismonth等連用，因?yàn)檫@樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

B)usedtodo的否定形式和疑問(wèn)形式很特別：你怎么寫(xiě)都正確。以否定形式為例：usednottodo,didn'tusedtodo,didn'tusetodo都對(duì)。

Usedtodo經(jīng)常與beusedtodoingsth/sth結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。前者表示"過(guò)去常?；?/p>

過(guò)去曾經(jīng)"，要求加動(dòng)詞原形；后者表示"習(xí)慣于"，要求加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。

6.過(guò)去完成時(shí)(haddone)用法：表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或已經(jīng)存在的狀態(tài)。就是我們常說(shuō)的：表示"過(guò)去的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)"。

Untilthen,hisfamily_________fromhimforsixmonths.

A)didn'thearC)hasn'theardB)hasn'tbeenhearingD)hadn'theard

全句的意思是：“到那時(shí)為止，他家里已經(jīng)有六個(gè)月沒(méi)得到他的消息了?！庇纱丝梢钥闯?，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻才完成，因此謂語(yǔ)要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案是D)。其它選項(xiàng)中：A)didn'thear，因?yàn)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)，所以不能與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)forsixmonths連用。B)hasn'tbeenhearing，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)刻繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，與題意不符。C)hasn'theard，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻到現(xiàn)在為止發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。而題中的then只表示過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻，不能表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。

注意事項(xiàng)：“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”這種邏輯關(guān)系常通過(guò)上下文體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，而不一定受某個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的限制。

例：Therehadbeensomeoneinourroomjustnow,becauseInoticedaburningcigaretteendonthefloorwhenweopenedthefrontdoor.（剛才有人在我們的房間里，因?yàn)槲覀兇蜷_(kāi)前門(mén)進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃燒的香煙。）

分析：雖然時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是justnow，似乎應(yīng)該使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但是“在房間里”這個(gè)狀態(tài)是在"開(kāi)門(mén)"和"注意"這兩個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作之前就存在的，所以應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。7.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(would/shoulddo)

用法：表示從過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的事。

例：IsaidonThursdayIshouldseemyfriendthenextday.（我星期四說(shuō)我將于第二天拜訪我的朋友。）

注意事項(xiàng)：由于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)是由過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)組合而成的，所以其注意事項(xiàng)可以參考過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)的相關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。

8.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(was/weredoing)用法：A)表示在過(guò)去一個(gè)比較具體的時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

例：Marywaslisteningtolightmusic10minutesago.（10分鐘前，瑪麗正在聽(tīng)輕音樂(lè)。）

B)如果when,while這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞所引導(dǎo)的主從句之一是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則另一個(gè)句子常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

例：Iwaswashingmyhairwhenyouknockedatthefrontdoor.（你敲前門(mén)時(shí)我正在洗頭發(fā)。）。

注意事項(xiàng)：其它與將來(lái)時(shí)有關(guān)的事項(xiàng)請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)下面所講的一般將來(lái)時(shí)

9.一般將來(lái)時(shí)

用法：A)基本結(jié)構(gòu)是will/shalldo。

例：Weshallsendheraglasshand-madecraftasherbirthdaygift.（我們將送給她一個(gè)玻璃的手工制品，作為給她的生日禮物。）

B)有些動(dòng)詞，如：arrive,beclose,come,do,done,go,have,leave,open,play,return,sleep,start,stay等，用于一般進(jìn)行時(shí)，并且通常與一個(gè)表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，可以表示將來(lái)時(shí)。

例：MymotheriscomingtovisitmenextweekandisstayinghereuntilMay.（我媽媽下周將來(lái)看我，并會(huì)呆到5月。）

C)表示“打算去……，要……”時(shí)，可用begoingtodo。

例：ThisisjustwhatIamgoingtosay.（這正是我想說(shuō)的。）

D)表示“即將、正要”時(shí)，可用beabouttodo。強(qiáng)調(diào)近期內(nèi)或馬上要做的事。

例：Don'tworry,Iamabouttomakeacloseexaminationonyou.（別擔(dān)心，我馬上就給你做一次仔細(xì)的檢查。）

E)"betodo"的5種用法：

a)表示“按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事”。

例：SheistobeseeninthelabonMonday.（星期一你準(zhǔn)會(huì)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室見(jiàn)到她。）

b)該做或不該做的事情（語(yǔ)氣上接近于should,must,oughtto,haveto），表示一種命令、規(guī)勸性語(yǔ)氣。

例：Youaretogotobedandkeepquiet,kids.Ourguestsarearrivinginlessthan5minutes.（孩子們，你們必須上床睡覺(jué)，不準(zhǔn)吵鬧。我們的客人5分鐘之內(nèi)就要到了。）

c)能或不能發(fā)生的事情（接近c(diǎn)an,may）

例：HowamItopaysuchadebt（我怎么可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢）

d)不可避免將要發(fā)生的事情，后來(lái)將要發(fā)生的事情。

例：Iassureyouthatthematter_______asquicklyaspossible.Havealittlepatience.

A.willbeattendedB.willbeattendedto

C.isattendedD.isattendedto

willbeattendedto關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)是：attend表示“處理，解決”時(shí)是不及物動(dòng)詞，必須與to連用。另外，從上下文看，事情顯然尚未解決，所以應(yīng)該用將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案是B。

e)用于條件從句“如果……想，設(shè)想”（接近if……wantto,或if……should）

例：Greatereffortstoincreaseagriculturalproductionmustbemadeiffoodshortage____________avoided.

A)istobeB)canbeC)willbeD)hasbeen

答案是A)istobe。全句的意思是：“如果要避免食品短缺，就必須作出更大努力來(lái)增加農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量?！?/p>

F)同樣可以表示“正要、將要”的意思的句型是beonthepointofdoing。

例：Thecoachisonthepointofgivingupthegamebecauseourteamhasbeenscored7points.（教練想要放棄這場(chǎng)比賽了，因?yàn)閷?duì)方已經(jīng)射進(jìn)了7個(gè)球。）

例：Iwas_______thepointoftelephoninghimwhenhisletterarrived.

A)inB)to