微觀期末考試

微觀期末考試微觀期末考試微觀期末考試資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月微觀期末考試版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：就某一價(jià)格歧視案例，或調(diào)查你熟悉的實(shí)施價(jià)格歧視的企業(yè)，用所學(xué)的關(guān)于價(jià)格歧視的理論進(jìn)行分析，并寫一篇論文。要求：1、5-6人一組（自由分組），每組提交一篇論文，題目自擬，須注明分工或每人的貢獻(xiàn)；2、結(jié)合圖形進(jìn)行分析；3、2000字以上，手寫或打印皆可；4、如有雷同，按0分計(jì)。5、16周收，具體時(shí)間地點(diǎn)另行通知一、名詞解釋：4分*5=20分二、單選：2分*10=20分三、判斷：1分*10=10分四、作圖：2題共30分五、計(jì)算：2題共20分名詞解釋機(jī)會(huì)成本需求定理需求價(jià)格彈性價(jià)格上限生產(chǎn)者剩余交易成本無(wú)差異曲線收入效應(yīng)替代效應(yīng)邊際收益無(wú)謂損失邊際產(chǎn)量遞減規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)邊際成本價(jià)格歧視占優(yōu)策略外部性科斯定理排他性公地悲劇1、當(dāng)MC>ATC時(shí)，ATC(B).A.下降的B.上升的C.處于最低點(diǎn)D.不能確定2、啤酒和比薩餅是互補(bǔ)品，因?yàn)槿藗兂３＿叧员人_餅邊喝啤酒。當(dāng)啤酒的價(jià)格上升時(shí)，比薩餅的需求（A）A.下降B.上升C.不變D.難以確定3、公共資源具有的特性是（C）A.排他性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性B.非排他性非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性C.非排他性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性D.排他性非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性4、當(dāng)Sally的工資從每小時(shí)50美元增加到60美元時(shí)，Sally的每天收入從400美元變?yōu)?20美元，則（B）A.工資上升的替代效應(yīng)大于收入效應(yīng)。B.工資上升的替代效應(yīng)小于收入效應(yīng)。C.工資上升的替代效應(yīng)等于收入效應(yīng)。D.Sally對(duì)勞動(dòng)的偏好增強(qiáng)了。5、下列不屬于實(shí)證表述的是（C）A.社會(huì)應(yīng)該要去福利領(lǐng)取者去工作。B.美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)應(yīng)該降低貨幣增長(zhǎng)率。C.社會(huì)面臨通貨膨脹與失業(yè)之間的短缺權(quán)衡取舍。D.農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼應(yīng)該取消。6.Poeye的收入減少了，結(jié)果他買了更多的菠菜，則菠菜是（A）A.低檔物品B.必需品C.奢侈品D.正常物品7.如果需求富有彈性，價(jià)格上升總收益（B）A.上升B.下降C.不變D.不確定8.當(dāng)政府對(duì)一種物品征稅時(shí)，該物品的均衡數(shù)量（B）A.增加B.減少C.不變D.不確定9.壟斷競(jìng)爭(zhēng)廠商長(zhǎng)期均衡時(shí)，價(jià)格（A）平均總成本。A.等于B.大于C.小于D.不等于10.蘋果的需求增加，導(dǎo)致摘蘋果工人的邊際產(chǎn)量值（B）A.不變B.增加C.下降D.不確定1、當(dāng)政府對(duì)一種物品征稅稅收時(shí)，該物品的均衡數(shù)量減少。（T）2、沉沒(méi)成本是已經(jīng)發(fā)生而且無(wú)法收回的成本，當(dāng)企業(yè)決定停止?fàn)I業(yè)時(shí)要忽略沉沒(méi)成本。（T）3、隨著工人數(shù)量的增加，當(dāng)工人的邊際產(chǎn)量減少時(shí)，生產(chǎn)函數(shù)變得越來(lái)越陡峭。（F）4、當(dāng)兩種商品完全互補(bǔ)時(shí)，如左腳鞋和右腳鞋，無(wú)差異曲線會(huì)是一條向右下方傾斜的直線，兩種商品MRS不變。（F）5、吉芬商品降價(jià)時(shí)，價(jià)格變動(dòng)引發(fā)的替代效應(yīng)會(huì)使該商品的需求量增加。（T）6、完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)廠商，如果價(jià)格低于平均可變成本，廠商會(huì)停止生產(chǎn)。（T）7、寡頭市場(chǎng)上，廠商單獨(dú)決策時(shí)，他們生產(chǎn)的總量將大于壟斷的產(chǎn)量。（T）8、納什均衡中，無(wú)論對(duì)方采取什么策略，參與者都有唯一的最優(yōu)策略。（F）9、壟斷競(jìng)爭(zhēng)廠商長(zhǎng)期均衡時(shí)，價(jià)格等于平均可變成本。（F）10、完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)廠商實(shí)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)期均衡時(shí)，價(jià)格等于平均總成本，產(chǎn)量為有效規(guī)模，利潤(rùn)為零。(T)2、Usingsupply-and-demanddiagrams,showtheeffectofthefollowingeventsonthemarketforsweatshirts運(yùn)動(dòng)衫.a.Ahurricane颶風(fēng)inSouthCarolina南卡羅來(lái)納damagesthecottoncrop.b.Thepriceofleatherjackets皮夾克falls.3、Drawthedemand,marginal-revenue,averagetotal-cost,andmarginal-costcurvesforamonopolist.Showtheprofit-maximizinglevelofoutput,theprofit-maximizingprice,andtheamountofprofit.4、Drawadiagramofthelong-runequilibriuminamonopolisticallycompetitivemarket.HowispricerelatedtoaveragetotalcostHowispricerelatedtomarginalcost

P110-42、Apricechangecausesthequantitydemandedofagoodtodecreaseby30percent,whilethetotalrevenueofthatgoodincreasesby15percent.IsthedemandcurveelasticorinelasticExplain.該種物品的需求曲線缺乏彈性3、Consumers’incomeraisesby15percent,whilethequantitydemandedofagoodincreasesby10percent,Isthegoodaninferiorgoodoranormalgood

Explain.

該商品是正常商品4、YouhavethefollowinginformationaboutgoodXandgoodY:?IncomeelasticityofdemandforgoodX:–3?Cross-priceelasticityofdemandforgoodXwithrespecttothepriceofgoodY:2WouldanincreaseinincomeandadecreaseinthepriceofgoodYunambiguously(明白的，不含糊的)decreasethedemandforgoodXWhyorwhynot

低檔商品替代品5、SupposethedemandforFrenchbreadrises.ExplainwhathappenstoproducersurplusinthemarketforFrenchbread.Explainwhathappenstoproducersurplusinthemarketforflour（面粉）.Illustrateyouranswerswithdiagrams.P223-136、Themarketforaparticularchemical,calledNegext,isdescribedbythefollowingquations.Demandisgivenby:QD=100–5PSupplyisgivenby:QS=5PwhereQismeasuredasunitsofNegextandPispriceindollarsperunit.a.Findtheequilibriumpriceandquantity.Computeconsumersurplus,producersurplus,andtotalsurplusinthemarketequilibrium.b.ForeachunitofNegextproduced,4unitsofpollutionareemitted,andeachunitofpollutionimposesacostonsocietyof$1.ComputethetotalcostofpollutionwhenthemarketforNegextisinequilibrium.Whatistotalsurplusfromthismarketaftertakingintoaccountthecostofpollution?c.WouldbanningNegextincreaseordecreasewelfareWhy

d.Supposethatthegovernmentrestrictsemissionsto100unitsofpollution.GraphtheNegextmarketunderthisconstraint.Findthenewequilibriumpriceandquantityandshowthemonyourgraph.Computehowthispolicyaffectsconsumersurplus,producersurplus,andthecostofpollution.WouldyourecommendthispolicyWhy

e.Supposethatinsteadofrestrictingpollution,thegovernmentimposesataxonproducersequalto$4foreachunitofchemicalproduced.Calculatethenewequilibriumpriceandquantity,aswellasconsumersurplus,producersurplus,taxrevenue,andthecostofpollution.WhatistotalsurplusnowWouldyourecommendthispolicyWhyf.Newresearchfindsthesocialcostofpollutionisreallyhigherthan$1.HowwouldthatchangetheoptimalpolicyresponseIstheresomecostofpollutionthatwouldmakeitsensibletobanNegextIfso,whatisit7、Aconsumerhasincomeof540.Thepriceofgood1is20perunitandthepriceofgood2is30perunit.Whatistheslopeofthisbudgetconstraint（預(yù)算線）

Iftheconsumer’sutilityfunctionisU=3X1X22，Calculatetheoptimalconsumptionchoiceandtotalutility.2/3X1=9;X2=12;U=3888P287-128.Considerthefollowingtableoflong-runtotalcostsforthreedifferentfirms:Quantity1234567FirmA$60$70$80$90$100$110$120FirmB112439567596119FirmC2134496685106129Doeseachofthesefirmsexperienceeconomiesofscaleordiseconomiesofscale?P342-129、Basedonmarketresearch,arecordingcompanyobtainsthefollowinginformationaboutthedemandandproductioncostsofitsnewCD:Price=1,000–10QTotalRevenue=1,000Q–10Q2MarginalRevenue=1,000–20QMarginalCost=100+10QwhereQindicatesthenumberofcopiessoldandPisthepriceincents.a.Findthepriceandquantitythatmaximizesthecompany’sprofit.b.Findthepriceandquantitythatwouldmaximizesocialwelfare.c.Calculatethedeadweightlossfrommonopoly無(wú)謂損失=2250P363-410、Foreachofthefollowingcharacteristics,saywhetheritdescribesamonopolyfirm,amonopolisticallycompetitivefirm,both,ornei