2021屆新高考版英語主題一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義：主題3-自我課堂互動

編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:1defendvt.辯解,辯白;防御,保護(hù)◆單句填空①Theyneverevengavemeachancetodefend(defend)myself.

②WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefending(defend)anindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbag.

③Thefemalehormonesalsohelpthebodydefenditselfagainst/fromsomekindsofinfections.

◆完成句子④Wedon'tknowhowmanypeoplegavetheirlivesindefenceof(捍衛(wèi))freedom.

⑤Thetravellermayfireatawildbeasttodefendhimself(保護(hù)自己)incaseheisattacked.

⑥It'snaturalforacountrytodefenditselffrom/against(保護(hù)自己免受)othercountries.

點(diǎn)撥(1)defendoneself自衛(wèi),為自己辯護(hù)defend...from/against...保護(hù)……免受……的傷害(2)defencen.防御;防護(hù);保衛(wèi)indefenceof為了保護(hù)……[點(diǎn)津]與defend...from...類似的短語還有:keep/prevent/stop...from...阻止……做……protect...from...保護(hù)……免受……的傷害2deservevt.值得;應(yīng)得;應(yīng)受◆單句填空①Ithinkyoursuggestiondeservestrying/tobetried(try).

②Theydidn'tdeservetowin(win).

◆句型轉(zhuǎn)換③Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeserveconsideration.→Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeserveconsidering.

→Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeservetobeconsidered.

◆完成句子④唐詩永遠(yuǎn)值得反復(fù)閱讀。TangPoemsdeservereading/deservetobereadagainandagainallthetime.

⑤我認(rèn)為任何好的建議都值得考慮。Ithinkanygoodsuggestiondeservesconsideration/considering/tobeconsidered.

點(diǎn)撥deservetodosth.值得做某事deservetobedone/deservedoing值得被做deserveconsideration值得考慮deserveone'srespect值得某人的尊敬[點(diǎn)津]當(dāng)物作主語時,deserve后接doing,主動形式表示被動意義,相當(dāng)于接動詞不定式的被動形式。need,want,require作“需要”講時也有類似用法。3insistvi.堅(jiān)持;堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為;堅(jiān)決要求◆單句填空①Recently,hehasbeenrefusingtodohishomework,andinsteadinsistsonwastinghistimewatchingDVDsandlisteningtoforeignmusic.

②AnassumptionbehindUKinsurancefordriverlesscars,introducedearlierthisyear,insiststhatahuman“(should)be(be)watchfulandmonitoringtheroad”ateverymoment.

③Hepersistsinhisbadhabit.

點(diǎn)撥insiston(doing)sth.堅(jiān)持(做)某事insistthat...堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為……,堅(jiān)決要求……[聯(lián)想]后接賓語從句時,從句用虛擬語氣的常見動詞有:一堅(jiān)持(insist),二命令(order,command),三建議(advise,suggest,propose),四要求(demand,require,request,ask),外加一個敦促(urge)。[點(diǎn)津]insistthat:表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時,從句用陳述語氣;表示“堅(jiān)決要求”時,從句用虛擬語氣,謂語用“(should+)動詞原形”。[辨析]insist與persistinsist4harmvt.&n.傷害◆用harm,injure,hurt和destroy的適當(dāng)形式填空①Theschoolwascompletelydestroyedbyfire.

②Thecourtcasewilldoseriousharmtomybusiness.

③You'llhurtherfeelingsifyouforgetherbirthday.

④Beinginjuredinthelegmadeitimpossibleformetowalkasfastasusual.

◆單句填空⑤HowcanIhelpmysonwithoutharming(harm)ourrelationship?

⑥Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmful(harm)effectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld'slakesandoceans.

⑦Youneedn'tworryandthisexperimentwasharmless(harm)totheanimals.

點(diǎn)撥harmsb./sth.doharmtosb./sth.dosb./sth.harmbeharmfultosb./sth.對某人/物有害;thereisnoharmindoingsth.=itdoesnoharmtodosth.做某事沒有什么壞處harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.無害的beharmlesstosb./sth.對某人/物無害[辨析]damage,destroy,injure,harm和hurt(1)damage可指不同程度的損害、破壞,通常指那種使價值、有用性和有效性減少的損害;(2)destroy常指毀滅性的破壞;(3)injure可以指對健康、外表、前景或生活的舒適帶來反面影響;(4)harm與hurt主要指帶來痛苦、悲傷、損失或損害。5forbidvt.禁止(forbade,forbidden)◆單句填空①HeevenforbidsmefromchattingwithmyfriendsintheInternetcafe!

◆句型轉(zhuǎn)換考慮到他的學(xué)習(xí),他的爸爸禁止他在微信上聊天。Inviewofhisstudy,hisfatherforbadehim/hischattingonWeChat.②=Inviewofhisstudy,hisfatherforbadehimtochatonWeChat.

③=Inviewofhisstudy,hisfatherforbadehimfromchattingonWeChat.

◆句式升級④Weareforbiddentoplayonthelawnbelongingtohim.(用it作形式主語改寫)It'sforbiddenforustoplayonthelawnbelongingtohim.

點(diǎn)撥forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事It'sforbidden(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事是禁止的。[點(diǎn)津]forbid的近義詞是ban和prohibit,ban/prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事。forbid后常接動名詞作賓語,這類?？紕釉~還有admit(承認(rèn))、avoid(避免)、consider(考慮)、deny(否認(rèn))、imagine(想象)、mind(介意)、escape(避免)等。1besupposedto應(yīng)該……,應(yīng)當(dāng)……◆單句填空①But,but...youweren'tsupposedtocome(come)homeuntiltomorrow!

②Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(決定不參加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequired(require)vaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.

③Supposing/Suppose(suppose)shedoesn'tcome,whatshallwedo?

◆一句多譯你本應(yīng)該昨天就把作業(yè)交上的。④Youweresupposedtohavehandedinyourhomeworkyesterday.(besupposedto)

⑤Youshouldhavehandedinyourhomeworkyesterday.(should)

⑥Yououghttohavehandedinyourhomeworkyesterday.(oughtto)

點(diǎn)撥besupposedtodosth.應(yīng)該做某事besupposedtohavedonesth.本應(yīng)該做某事(實(shí)際上未做)besupposedtobe...被認(rèn)為是……Isupposeso.我認(rèn)為是這樣。Isupposenot.(=Idon'tsupposeso.)我認(rèn)為不是這樣。suppose/supposing(that)假設(shè);假定[聯(lián)想]表示“本來應(yīng)該做某事(但未去做)”的結(jié)構(gòu)還有shouldhavedonesth.和oughttohavedonesth.等。2aslongas只要◆單句填空①Wemakenorestrictionsonthekindsoffilmsweshow—aslongasafilm'squalitymeets(meet)ourstandards,weincludeit.

◆賞句猜義(寫出下列句子中aslongas的漢語意思)②Thisriverisaslongasthatone.和……一樣長

③Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.只要

◆選詞填空(aslongas,aswellas,asfaras,asgoodas)④MaryaswellasJohnhasgonetoTaiwantospendtheirholiday.

⑤Youcanborrowmycomputeraslongasyoupromisetoreturnitintime.

⑥AsfarasIamconcerned,Iapproveoftheplan.

點(diǎn)撥aslongas只要,相當(dāng)于solongas,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。[聯(lián)想]sowellas與……一樣好;也;還asfaras遠(yuǎn)到……;就……而言;至于asgoodas與……一樣好;與……幾乎一樣1with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)◆單句填空①Theroomisinamess,withpizzaboxesontheflooranddirtydishesinthesink.

②Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluateourlevelofangerthroughouttheday.

③Withnothingtodo(do),Tomsleepsathome.

④Youshouldgotosleepwiththelightturned(turn)off.

⑤Withwintercoming(come)on,it'stimetobuywarmclothes.

⑥Withallthethingssheneededbought(buy),shewenthomehappily.

◆句型轉(zhuǎn)換(用with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改寫下列句子)⑦TheCollegeEntranceExaminationisdrawingnear,sothestudentsfeelgreatpressure.WiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationdrawingnear,thestudentsfeelgreatpressure.

⑧Aftershetookagreatweightoffhermind,shepassedallthetestssuccessfully.Withagreatweighttakenoffhermind,shepassedallthetestssuccessfully.

點(diǎn)撥“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”有六種情況:(1)with+名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞;(2)with+名詞/代詞+形容詞;(3)with+名詞/代詞+副詞;(4)with+名詞/代詞+不定式;(5)with+名詞/代詞+過去分詞;(6)with+名詞/代詞+介詞短語。[點(diǎn)津]在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中,要特別注意賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語之間的邏輯關(guān)系,根據(jù)主動(現(xiàn)在分詞)、被動(過去分詞)、表示將來(不定式)等來選擇正確的補(bǔ)足語形式。2havesth.done使……被……◆單句填空①Danielhashisarmscrossed(cross)andlooksupset.

②I'msorryIcan'tgowithyou.Ihavesomeclothestowash(wash).

③Thebosshadtheworkersworking(work)dayandnight.

④Ihavesomebookstobetaken(take)tomyroom,wouldyougivemeahand?

⑤I'mwritingtoyo