Unit 2 Grammar 分詞 課件 人教版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊

Unit2Unit2IconicAttractionsReviewusefulstructureslearntheuseofpastparticipleinthepassage;analyzetherelationshipbetweenthelogicsubjectandthepastparticipleverb;findoutmistakesofverbformsinapassagebywhatyoulearnaboutpastparticipleandcorrectthem;usethepastparticipletoexpressideas.1Workingroupsandreadthetextagaintofindasmanyexamplesofpastparticiplesaspossible.Thendiscusswhethereachpastparticiplefunctionsasanattribute,adverbial,predicative,orobjectcomplement.Located

tothesouthoftheequator,belowmanyothercountriesontheglobe,itisofteninformallyreferredtoas“downunder”.(located/adverbial)地點狀語Mostoftheirmusicalinstrumentsarereallyjuststicksfoundontheground,amongwhichthereisanamazinginstrumentcalledthedidgeridoo.Askilledplayercanplayforalongtimewithoutstoppingtobreathe.Itriedtolearnhowtoplayit,butaftertryingforhours,IwasconvincedthatIcouldnevermakeamusicalsoundwiththisinstrument!作定語修飾stick作定語修飾instrument作定語修飾player作表語Afterbeinghereforawhile,mybiggestimpressionisthecomplicatedmixofpeoplesandculturesthatmakeupthenation.Althoughthemainculturalinfluencesince1788hasbeenWesternculture,minoritycultureshavealsoplayedapartinshapingtheuniqueAustralianculture,withmanyofthenewcultureinfluencescontributedbyimmigrants.ItissaidthatnownearlyhalfofallAustraliancitizenwereeitherbornoverseasorhaveparentswhowerebornoverseas.作定語修飾mix作賓語補足語，influences與contribute之間為被動關系作定語修飾overseas過去分詞動詞的過去分詞形式：“動詞原形+ed”部分過去分詞有特殊形式變化。過去分詞不能單獨用作謂語，但可用于完成時態(tài)(have/had+動詞過去分詞)和被動語態(tài)(be+動詞過去分詞)中構成謂語。過去分詞是非謂語動詞(或稱非限定動詞)的一種。過去分詞保留著動詞的部分特性，有完成或被動含義，可帶狀語構成過去分詞短語。在句法功能上，過去分詞(短語)與形容詞或副詞作用類似，在句子中可充當定語、狀語、賓補、表語等成分。過去分詞形式作定語作定語時，分詞所表示的動作與被修飾詞之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，且多表示已完成的動作。過去分詞一般位于所修飾的名詞之前。過分分詞短語通常位于所修飾的名詞之后。egTheinjuredworkersarenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.

Whenthedelayedflighttakesoffdependsmainlyontheweather.

Canyoutellthedifferencesbetweenspokenlanguageandwrittenlanguage?

Theplayersselectedfromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonourinthissummer’sgames.過去分詞形式作狀語作狀語時，過去分詞所表示的動作與句子主語之間構成邏輯上的動賓關系。過去分詞修飾謂語，說明動作發(fā)生的時間、原因、條件、方式等。分詞作狀語，用于句首比在其他位置更常見。egUnitedwestand,dividedwefall.

Seen

fromthetopoftheTigerHill,thecityofSuzhouwasverybeautiful.

Encouraged

byherEnglishteacher,Lisasooncaughtupwithherclassmates.過去分詞作時間、原因、條件、讓步等狀語時，可轉換為對應的狀語從句egPraisedbytheteacher,Judywentredintheface.

→WhenJudywaspraisedbytheteacher,shewentredintheface.

Frightened

bythestory,thegirldidn’tdaretosleepalone.

→Asthegirlwasfrightenedbythestory,shedidn’tdaretosleepalone.Grown

inrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.

→Iftheseseedsaregrowninrichsoil,theycangrowfast.Defeated

forasecondtime,theplayerdidn’tgivein.→Althoughtheplayerwasdefeatedforasecondtime,hedidn’tgivein.過去分詞形式作賓補作賓補時，分詞所表示的動作與賓語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系。過去分詞常用于使役動詞have,get,make,keep和感官動詞see,watch,hear等動詞的賓語后面，表達謂語動詞引起的賓語的變化，或補充說明賓語的性狀。egWhenspeakingorwritingtosomeone,doyourbesttomakeyourselfunderstood.Owengothisnosehurtwhenheplayedfootballwithhisteammates.Iheardthedoorpulledopen.過去分詞形式作表語作表語時，過去分詞在be,become,get,feel,look,seem等系動詞之后，表示主語的特征或性狀。egSheismarried.

Theotherchildrenlookedneglected.

Thequarrelthenightbeforeseemedforgotten.2Fillintheblankswiththehelpofthebeginningletters.Thenrewritethesentenceswithoutusingpastparticiplesandrecognisethedifference.TipsReadthesentencesanddecidethewordtofillinaccordingtothemeaningofthesentences;Thinkoftherelationshipbetweentheverbsandlogicsubject;Decidethestructureofthenewsentences.1D______into32counties,Irelandbringsinhundredsofthousandsofvisitorseachyearduetoitsgolftourism.2CubaisjustsouthofAmerica,s_________fromitonlybytheStraitsofFlorida.Itisacountryk_______foritsexcitingmusicanddancing.ividedeparatednownSinceitisdividedinto32counties,Irelandbringsinhundredsofthousandsofvisitorseachyearduetoitsgolftourism.CubaisjustsouthofAmericaandisseparatedfromitonlybytheStraitsofFlorida.Itisacountryfamousforitsexcitingmusicanddancing.作狀語作狀語作定語3Withmanypartsoftheworldnotm______yet,researchershavebegunaprojectthatinvolvestravellingaroundtheworldandtakingsamplephotographs.4I__________bythefirstEuropeansettlerstoAustralia,theSundayroastisnowconsideredtypicalAustralianfood.arked作賓補Becausemanypartsoftheworldhavenotmarked,researchershavebegunaprojectthatinvolvestravellingaroundtheworldandtakingsamplephotographs.ThoughitwasintroducedbythefirstEuropeansettlerstoAustralia,theSundayroastisnowconsideredtypicalAustralianfood.作狀語ntroduced5E________tothefreezingweather,manybravetouristsandscientistsstillchoosetovisitAntarctica.6I_________byChineseculture,manycapitalcitiesnowhaveChinatownwhichareinthemselvespopulartouristattractions.xposedThoughtheywillbeexposedtothefreezingweather,manybravetouristsandscientistsstillchoosetovisitAntarctica.BecausetheyareinfluencedbyChineseculture,manycapitalcitiesnowhaveChinatownwhichareinthemselvespopulartouristattractions.nfluenced作狀語作狀語3BelowisapassageaboutthehistoryoftheEiffelTowerbeforeitwasconsideredaniconicattraction.Thetextcontainsquiteafewverbformmistakes.Correctthemistakesonyourown.Thencompareyourcorrectionswithapartner.TheEiffelToweristhemostfamouslandmarkinFrance,andoneofthemostvisitingmonumentsintheworld.Butitwasn'talwayssopopular.Infact,in1886,justafteritsconstructionwasfirstpropose,manywerestronglyagainstit.Atthattime,itwouldhavebeenthetallestbuildingintheworld,andmanyclaimitwoulddestroytheskylineofParis,orperhapsevendestroysomehistoriclandmarks.被動關系proposed時態(tài)問題claimedThechiefengineer,GustaveEiffel,repliedsaythatsuchalargemonumentwasnecessarytosymbolisethegreateffortsoftheFrenchpeopleaswellasthegreatadvancementsinmodernengineering,industry,andscience.Thenextyear,Eiffelgainsapprovalandthetowerwasbuiltintimetocelebratethe1889WorldFairinParis.非謂語動詞saying時態(tài)問題gainedIfyoulookcarefullyatthetower,youcanstillseethenamesofthe72scientists,engineers,andmathematicianswhohelpinitsconstruction.Originally,thetowerwasplannedtobetakendownafter20years,butitprovedtobetoousefulasacommunicationstower,nottomentionagiantadvertisementboard,beforefinallybecomestheiconicattractionthatweallknowtoday.時態(tài)問題helped用括號內動詞的正確形式填空。1.______________________(tell)manytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandit.2.The________(reduce)priceofeggscansaveyouonedollarforeachdozen.3.Herearesomenewcomputerprograms_________(design)forlanguagelearning.4.______________________(leave)aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedthathecried.Havingbeentold/Told

reduced

designed

Havingbeenleft/Left5.Myfathermusthavebeenveryangry,forweheardtheglass________(break)onthefloor.6.Myteacherseemedquite________(satisfy)withmyworkandpraisedmeinherclass.7.Theforeignertriedhisbest,buthestillcouldn’tmakehispoint______________(understand).8.Generallyspeaking,when________(take)accordingtodirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.brokensatisfied

understood

taken用括號內動詞的正確形式填空。I’mthinkingofawell-knowncityinEurope.TheRhineRiver1.________(run)throughthecenterofthecityisanimportantcommercial(商業(yè)的)waterway.ItflowsnorththroughthecitytotheEnglishChannelwhichisanarmofthe