七年級英語總復(fù)習(xí)資料綜述

短語1.penpal/friend筆友網(wǎng)友3.theUnitedStates=USA=America美國4.TheUnitedKingdom=theUK英國5.NewYork紐約6.postoffice郵局7.Payphone投幣式公用電話8.phonebook電話簿9.phonecard電話卡10.acrossfrom在的對面11.nextto貼近；最湊近在的旁邊12.infrontof在的前面13.inthefrontof14.ontheright在右邊15.ontheleft在左邊16.take/haveawalk閑步17.havefun玩得快樂/過得快樂18.kindof有點(diǎn)19.atnight在夜晚20.shop/salesassistant店員21.bankclerk銀行職員22.BankofChina中國銀行23.TVstation電視臺24.policestation警察局25.radiostation廣播站26.TVshow電視節(jié)目27.TVplay電視劇28.waitfor等待；等待29.onvacation/holiday在度假中30.takeaphoto/picture拍照31.lookat=havealookat看；朝看32.lookfor搜尋；追求33.haveagoodtime過得快樂34.talkabout議論；討論/討論35.inorderto=inorderthat為了36.good－looking漂亮的37.alittlebit一點(diǎn)兒；少許38.I’d=Iwould我將39.He’d=hewould他將40.I’dlike=Iwouldlike我想要41.greentea綠茶42.black/browntea紅茶43.icedtea冰茶44.Whatabout=Howabout+n/doing(V.ing)怎么樣45.athome在家46.atschool在學(xué)校47.atwork在上班48.icecream冰淇淋twoicecreams兩份冰淇淋48.dosomereading/shopping/cleaning/washing/cooking讀點(diǎn)書/購物/打掃/洗衣服49.middleschool=highschool中學(xué)50.dosome/theshopping=goshopping買東西51.talkshow訪談節(jié)目/脫口秀52.goforawalk去閑步53.Itistimeto該是的時(shí)候了54.NewYorkCity紐約市55.summercamp夏令營56.thinkof思慮；考慮；想起；對.有特定的想法57.theGreatWall長城58.thePalaceMuseum故宮59.Tian’anMenSquare天安門廣場60.soapopera肥皂劇61.infact事實(shí)上；其實(shí)；確實(shí)地62.agreewith同意；持相同建議63.keyring鑰匙鏈64.haveto不得不；必定65.sportsshoes運(yùn)動鞋’sPalace少年宮67.notalking禁止講話；禁止講話68.makeaconversation編對話69.livein住在70.gotothemovies=gotothecinema=gotoseeafilm去看電影71.yearsold=attheageof在歲時(shí)72.writetosb=givealettertosb給某寫信73.favoritesubject最喜歡的科目74.speakEnglish/Chinese/Japanese講英語/講漢語/講日語75.playsports=dosports=havesports做運(yùn)動76.actionmovie動作片77.TheLongWeekend漫長的周末78.informationcard信息卡79.paytelevision收費(fèi)電視80.overtimepay加班費(fèi)81.inthepark在公園82.likesanddislikes喜惡83.betweenand在和之間84.Excuseme體諒，對不起85.BridgeStreet橋街86.Centerstreet中心街87.onone’sright=ontheright在of某人的右邊88.onone’sleft=ontheleftof在某人的左邊89.goalong=goup=godown沿著90.gostraight直直往前走91.turnleft向左轉(zhuǎn)92.turnright向右轉(zhuǎn)93.FifthAvenue第五大街94.intheneighborhood=nearhere在周邊95.FirstAvenue第一大街96.thebeginningof的開始97.gardentour公園旅游98.agoodplace一個好地方99.playtheguitar彈吉它100.abusystreet一條繁忙的街道101.visit=gotosee=see=goandsee102.takea/bytaxi乘出租車103.6haveagoodtrip旅途快樂104.akindof一種105.differentkindsof不相同種類的106.manykindsof好多種107.somekindsof一些種108.severalkindsof一些種109.befrom=comefrom來自

110.befriendlytosb=bekindtosb對某人友好theother一個另一個112.playwith與玩113.intheday在白天114.everyday每天115.dayandnight忘餐廢寢116.goodnight晚安117.goodevening夜晚好118.getup起床119.goout出去，出門120.inthe/ahospital在醫(yī)院121.inhospital住院122.sportsmeeting運(yùn)動會123.sportsjacket運(yùn)動衫124.sportscar賽車125.beinterestedin對感興趣126.workfor為工作127.workwith與工作128.workup從事129.callat撥打130.wantad招聘廣告/招聘啟事131.eatdinner/breakfast/supper吃晚餐/吃晚餐/吃午餐132.make/cookdinner做飯133.holdadinner舉行晚宴134.haveatalk聽報(bào)告135giveatalk作報(bào)告/作演講136.do(one’s)homework作作業(yè)137.watchTV看電視138.readabook讀/看書139.swimmingpool游泳池140.thanksfor+n/doing為而感謝141.aphotoofone’s某family人的家庭照/某人的全家福142.talkonthephone經(jīng)過電話講話143.beachboy沙灘男孩144.CCTV’SAroundTheWorldShow中央電視臺全世界節(jié)目145.beachvolleyball沙灘排球146.agroupof一群147.shorthair短發(fā)148.longhair長發(fā)149.curlyhair卷發(fā)150.straighthair直發(fā)height中等體型152.mediumbuild中等身材153.thecaptainofthebasketballteam籃球隊(duì)隊(duì)長154.looklike看起來像155.lookthesame看起來相同156.lookafter照顧，照看157.lookfor搜尋158.lookat看=havealookat=takealookat’meeting家長會160.popsinger流行歌手161.wearglasses戴眼鏡162.wouldlike想要，喜歡163.wouldliketodosth想要做某事164.beefandtomatonoodle牛肉番茄面165.tomatoandeggsoup番茄雞蛋湯166.abowlof一碗167.asmallbowlof一小碗168.amediumbowlof一中碗169.alargebowlof一大碗170.whatkind什么種類171.aspecialhospital?？漆t(yī)院172.aspecialtreatment特別待遇173.gotothebeach去海灘174.cleantheroom打掃房間175.practiceEnglish練習(xí)英語176.haveaparty舉行聚會177.lastweek上周178.lastnight昨晚179.lastmonth上個月180.go+v.ing表示一種業(yè)余或戶外活動goswimming/fishing/boating/shopping/skating去游泳/去垂釣/去劃船/去購物/去滑冰181.famousperson名人182.sitdown坐下，就坐=have/takeaseat183.stayathome呆在家184.summerholiday/vocation暑期185.winterholiday/vocation寒假186.gotothemountain去爬山187.studyforexams學(xué)習(xí)迎考188.CentralPark中央公園189.allmorning一清早190.sportsshoes運(yùn)動鞋191.situationcomedy情況劇192.gameshow游戲節(jié)目193.EnglishToday今天英語194.SportsNews體育新聞195.HealthyLiving健康生活196.CultureChina中華文化197.ChineseCooking中華飲食198.AnimalWorld動物世界199.FocusInterview焦點(diǎn)訪談200.SportsWorld體育世界201.WeekendChat周末閑聊202.ManandNature人與自然203.sportsshow體育節(jié)目204.fashionshow時(shí)裝展205.washingmachine洗衣機(jī)206..schoolmagazine?？?，校園雜志207.don’tmind不在乎；無所謂208.baseballcap棒球帽209.thisweek本周，這周210.inthehallways在走廊211.listentomusic聽音樂212.inthecafeteria在自助食堂213.themusicroom音樂室214.dininghall餐廳215.breaktherule違反規(guī)定216.maketherule擬定規(guī)則217.gymclass體操課219.schooluniform校服220.goout出去，出門221.afterschool下學(xué)后222.afterclass課后1223.leaveschool畢業(yè)224.gotoschool去上學(xué)226.dropoutofschool輟學(xué)227.enterschool入學(xué)228.classschedule教鞭229.cloudydays陰天230.onrainy/cloudy/sunnydays在雨天/在陰天/在晴天230.rainydays雨天232.writealetter寫信233.colddrink冷飲234.sofar迄今為止；到現(xiàn)在為止235askfor央求/咨詢236.Iwanttobea/an我想當(dāng)一名237.greenpepper青椒238.VIP大人物239.schoolrule校規(guī)240.footballcoach足球教練241.prettygood相當(dāng)好242.haveanEnglishparty舉行英語晚會243.gotoSummerCamp去夏令營244.videocamera攝像機(jī)245.orderfood訂購食品246.orderform訂單247.HouseofDumpling水餃店/餃子店248.somespecial一些特色菜249.aplateof一盤250.aswellas也，而且251.WorldCup世界杯252.ChineseFootballAssociation中國足球協(xié)會253.morethan高出254.shoppinglist購物單255.shoppingbasket購物籃256.basketballteam籃球隊(duì)257.assoonaspossible趕忙258.beafraidof害怕.259.eveningnewspaper晚報(bào)260.morningnewspaper晨報(bào)261.eveningnews晚間新聞262.morningnews早間新聞263.one－waystreet單行街/單行道264.videoarcade電子游戲中心265.weatherreport天氣預(yù)告266.allovertheworld遍及全世界267.gotosleep去睡覺268.dosomereading讀點(diǎn)書269.takeawayfrom從移開270.houserule家規(guī)271.schoolnight學(xué)校上課晝夜晚272.begoodat=dowellin擅長于273.CulturePalace文化宮274.hotpepper辣椒275.havearest休息276.alittlebitquiet有點(diǎn)內(nèi)向277.formostkids對多數(shù)孩子而言278.goldmedal金牌279.placeofinterest名勝280.website網(wǎng)址281.rightnow現(xiàn)在282.uptonow到現(xiàn)在為止283.fromnowon從現(xiàn)在起284.orderbook訂貨薄285.haveadrink喝一杯286.softdrink軟飲料287.drinktea飲茶288.drinkcoffee喝咖啡289.jobwanted求職290.bookswanted征書廣告291.handswanted招工292.helpwanted求助293.fashionmagazine時(shí)髦雜志294.makemoney賺錢/掙錢295.maketea泡茶/泡茶296.policeofficer警官297.koalabear樹袋熊298.flyakite放風(fēng)箏299.weatherreport天氣預(yù)告300.newsreport新聞報(bào)道.名詞表示人、事物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及抽象見解這一名稱的詞叫名詞。1.名詞分：可數(shù)名詞（有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式，數(shù)量大于1時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)）和不能數(shù)名詞（無復(fù)數(shù)形式，若要表示復(fù)數(shù)意義時(shí)，要在前面加單位詞，復(fù)數(shù)要表現(xiàn)在前面的單位名詞上。不能數(shù)名詞用人稱代詞it來指代，謂語動詞用單數(shù)）。2．可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的方法：(1)一般情況加s;eg:book--booksbag--bagsfriend--friends(2).以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的加es.eg:bus--busesclass--classesbox--boxeswatch—watchesbrush--brushes(3).以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的改y為i再加es.（除Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uo外的叫輔音字母）eg:story--storiescity--citiesdictionary--dictionaries(4).以字母o結(jié)尾的，有生命的加es（黑人英雄喜歡吃土豆和西紅柿），無生命的加s.有生命的：negronegroesheroheroespotato--potatoestomato--tomatoes但bamboo—bamboos除外。無生命的：radio--radiosphoto--photoszoo--zooskilo--kiloszero—zerosvideovideos錄像(5)以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f或fe為v，再加es.小偷的妻子用半把刀子和葉子把狼的生命結(jié)束在架子上。eg:life--livesknife--kniveswife--wivesshelf--shelvesleaf—leaveshalf--halveswolf--wolvesthief--thieves賊(6).表示某國人，口訣為：中、日不變，英法變，其他后邊加s.

Chinese—ChineseJapanese—JapaneseEnglishman—EnglishmenEnglishwoman—EnglishwomenFrenchman—FrenchmenFrenchwoman—FrenchwomenAustralianAustraliansAmerican—AmericansGerman—GermansCanadian—CanadiansRussianRussians(7)以oo組成的名詞，把oo變成ee.eg.foot--feet，tooth—teeth，但boot除外(直接加s)。即：boot—bootsA.以man結(jié)尾的名詞，把字母a變成字母e，但German除外（German—Germans）e.g.man--menwoman--womenpoliceman--policemenB.不規(guī)則變化：childchildrenmouse—mice老鼠C．單復(fù)數(shù)同形的：deer--deersheep--sheepfish--fishpeople—peopleD．形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，意義上是單數(shù)，用作單數(shù)(作主語，謂語用單數(shù))；news（新聞），maths（數(shù)學(xué)），physics（物理）,politics（政治）e.g.1.Thenews(be)verysad.2.Math(be)difficultformanystudents.E.形式上是單數(shù)，意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，用作復(fù)數(shù)（集體名詞作主語，be用are.謂語動詞用原形)：people,police,public,class,family,Thefamily(某人一家).Theclass______(be)listeningtotheteachercarefullyinclass.Thepeoplethere________(be)veryfriendly.F.the+姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)＝the+姓+family“表示某人一家”eg:TheKingsTheSmiths＝theSmithfamilye.g.TheKingfamilyoften(go)outforaholidayonSunday.G.總以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的（作主語，謂語動詞用原形)：shoes,glasses（眼鏡）,trousers,clothes,scissors,pants褲子，chopsticks筷子，shorts短褲,jeans牛仔褲。e.g.Hisclothes________(be)nice.Thispairofscissors(help)himdomanythings.(8)復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：A.)一般將主體名詞變復(fù)數(shù)。e.g.girlfriendsboyfriendsgirlstudentsbananatreesB.)以man,woman作為第一成分與其他名詞組成的復(fù)合名詞，則man、woman及后邊的名詞都要變復(fù)數(shù)。e.g.manteacher——menteachersmandoctor——mendoctorswomandoctor——womendoctorswomanteacher——womenteachersmanservantmenservants不能數(shù)名詞表示復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，復(fù)數(shù)要表現(xiàn)在單位名次上。如：apieceofbreadtwopiecesofbreadthreebagsofpotatoes不能數(shù)名詞，常有的有：air,snow,wind,rain,milk,water,time,money,orange,paper,juice,sugar,salt，bread,work,chicken,meat,pork,food,chalk,rice,tea,music,mutton,beef,porridge,noise,homework，housework、money，knowledge，weather，icecream等。不能數(shù)名詞前一般不用a/an修飾，但可用much，alotof，lotsof，some，any，little，alittle等修飾。eg.1.Thereissomuch___________(water)inthebottle.2.Theyhavelittle___________(money)now.4.修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)的詞或短語有：（有這些詞時(shí)，名詞用復(fù)數(shù)）these,those,many=alotof=lotsof=anumberof=largenumbersof(好多)，several=afew,agroupof,some，few，afewe.g.1.Thereareanumberof__________(visitor)inourschooltheseyears.2.These____________(pen)arehers.常有的修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)的標(biāo)志詞有this,that，a,an。謂語動詞用單數(shù)。（10）用and連接兩個不能數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。（beare,實(shí)意動詞用原形）e.g.Timeandmoney______(be)important名詞所有格名詞所有格表示所有關(guān)系。在名詞后打“’”加s，表示“的”名詞所有格的變化規(guī)則：21．一般在名詞詞尾加’s（人名后加’s絕對正確）e.g.Lucy’scat，Tom’sbook2.以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只須加’.e.g.thestudents’book，Teachers’Day3.不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞加’s.eg:children’sbook，women’sclothes，Children’sDay，Women’sDay4.相同東西為兩人或兩人以上共有，則只在最后一個名詞后加’s；若是分別擁有時(shí)，則每個名詞上都要加’s且名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。eg:LucyandLily’sroom.露西和莉莉的房間Tom’sandLiLei’sfathers湯姆的父親和李雷的父親（二）表示時(shí)間，距離，國家，城市等無生命的名詞后加’s.twoweeks’timetoday’snewspaperChina’scapitaltenminutes’walk（三）表示無生命的名詞所有格，平時(shí)用“of＋無生命名詞”表示“.的”。e.g.thetopofthemountainthegateoftheschoolthemapofChina(四)特別表達(dá)用to.e.g.theanswertothequestionthekeytothedoor(五)表“商店”，“某人家”“教堂”、“商店”的名詞所有格后，一般省略名詞。e.g.LileiandJimareatMrBlack’s.2.LileiandJimareatthetailor’satthedoctor’s在醫(yī)務(wù)室（六）應(yīng)記住的幾個節(jié)日：Teachers’DayWomen’sDayChildren’sDayTreePlantingDay植樹節(jié)NationalDay國慶節(jié)AprilFool’sDay愚人節(jié)ChristmasDayTheWorldEnvironmentDay世界環(huán)境日YouthDay青年節(jié)theSpringFestival春節(jié)Father’sDay父親節(jié)Mother’sDay母親節(jié)(七)名詞與其他詞類的轉(zhuǎn)變：(1)名詞+y———表天氣的形容詞(以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的，變e為y；重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，要雙寫輔音字母，再加y)e.g.windwindysunsunnycloudcloudyrainrainyfogfoggymistmistyhealthhealthyluckluckysalt—saltynoisenoisydifficultdifficulty(2)名詞+ful/al/en———形容詞e.g.thankthankfulwonderwonderfulhelphelpfuluseusefulsuccess—successfulcolorcolorfulnationnationaltraditiontraditionalwoolwoollen(3)名詞+ern———形容詞(表方向)easteasternwestwesternsouthsouthernnorthnorthern(4)名詞+(無規(guī)則)able/ly/ous/——形容詞enjoyenjoyablefriendfriendlydangerdangerouschangechangeablecomfort—comfortable(5)名詞改變詞尾轉(zhuǎn)變成其他名詞sciencescientistlibrarylinrarianfriendfreindshipartartistmusicmisicianviolioviolionistpianopianistchemistchemistry化學(xué)fly—flightbuy--busy—business—businessmansafe――safetyinvent--invention—inventorbegin――beginningtrain—trainning訓(xùn)練decide—decisionplease--pleased--pleasuredrydroughttruetruth練習(xí)：1.TomorrowwillbebetterinChina.A.ThenextdayB.TheseconddayC.ThefutureD.Thewholeday2.MrGreenisspeakingtoafriendofhiswife’s.A.hiswife’sfriendB.oneofhiswife’sfriendC.oneofhiswifefriends3.Thecaptainofthefootballteamaskedhismemberstopracticeatonce.A.strikerB.midfieldplayerC.goal－keeeperD.head4.Heputsalotof______inthe_______milk.A.sugartwocupsB.sugars..twocupsC.sugartwocupsofD.sugarstwocupsof5.Whyaretheretwopairsof______onyourbed,Tom?A.scissorsB.scissorsesC.glassD.trousers6.LiFengisagoodfriendof_____.A.himB.myparents’C.thegirlsD.Mr’sWangA.photos,potatos,radiosB.photos,potatoes,radiosC.photoes,potatos,radioesD.photes,potatoes,radiosHelivesinthe_________(west)ofChina.Ihaven’twatched_______(yesterday)newsonTV.Canyoutellittome?

9._______mustn’tdrinkwinebeforetheydrivecars.(drive)二．代詞代替名詞，形容詞或數(shù)詞的詞叫代詞。１．人稱代詞和物主代代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir物主代詞名詞性物mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs主代詞2．用法：主格，賓格不帶“的”；形物，名物都帶“的”；主格作主語，放句首；賓格作賓語，位于動詞，介詞后（動賓、介賓結(jié)構(gòu)）。形物后邊有名詞，名物后邊無名詞。（名物=形物+名詞）常接形物的短語有：It’sone’sturntodosthonone’sway(to)onone’sright/lefttakeone’stime不急，慢慢來withone’shelptryone’sbesttodosth全力做某事turnone’seartosb=listentosbtakeone’sadvice采納某人的建議cutone’shair理發(fā)onone’sdayoff在某人的休息日inone’sfreetime=inone’ssparetime在某人的悠閑時(shí)間doone’shomework做作業(yè)withoutone’shelp沒有的幫助makeone’swayto往走去eg:1.Thisis_______(I)book.Theyare______(they).2.Pleasetell______(he)aboutit.3._________arebooks(they)3.當(dāng)幾個不相同的人稱代詞作主語時(shí)，常用and，or等連接，這時(shí)的排列序次為：單數(shù)時(shí)：一般先you,再he，she，最后I復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)：一般先we,you爾后接they.e.g.You，heandIareallstudents.4.afriendof+名物/形物＋名詞所有格/賓格。若of前為名詞，of后用名詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格；of前為代詞,數(shù)詞（some,every）of后的代詞用賓格。eg:Imetafriendofmine/mysister’s.Someof_______(we)Threeof________(they)5．不定代詞（既可指人也可指物）：（1.）both都（兩個人或物，后邊謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)）neither兩者都不（兩其中間沒有人或物，謂語動詞用單數(shù)）（2.）all全體/所有（三者及以上，謂語動詞用單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞決定。e.g.Allthefoodisonthetable.）none沒有人或物（三者及以上，謂語動詞用單數(shù)）（3.）many好多（修飾可數(shù)名詞）（4.）howmany＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)much好多（修飾不能數(shù)名詞）howmuch＋不能數(shù)名詞（5.）few（修飾可數(shù)名詞,表否定）afew(修飾可數(shù)名詞，表必然）=several=some=morethanthree（6.）each每個（重申個體）（7.）alittle（修飾不能數(shù)名詞,表必然）every每個（重申整體，近似all）little（修飾不能數(shù)名詞,表否定）（8.）sometheothers一些其他的(數(shù)量固定)（9.）oneanother一個另一個.(數(shù)量不固定)someothers一些其他的(數(shù)量不固定)onetheother.一個另一個(限于兩者間)either任何一個（兩其中間，后接謂語動詞的單數(shù)）10.）some一些（用于必然句，但在表示央求或邀請時(shí)也可用于疑問句）any一些（用于否定句或疑問句）3（11.）復(fù)合不定代詞，跟some連用的用于必然句（但表示央求，建議，邀請時(shí)也可用于疑問句）；跟any連用的用于疑問句或否定句；跟no連用的表否定意義；跟every連用的表示所有，泛指所有人或事物。somebody/someone某人something/sth某事somewhere某地anybody/anyone任何人anything任何事anywhere任何地方nobody/noone沒人，無人nothing沒事，沒什么nowhere沒地方everybody/everyone每人everything所有everywhere各處用法：(a.)不定代詞一般作名詞用，在句中用作主語或賓語。在句中作主語時(shí)，看作單數(shù)，謂語用單數(shù)。e.g.1.____everyoneheretoday？（be）2.Nobody_____(help)you.（12.）指示代詞：this（這個）plthese（這些）,that（那個）plthose（那些）在電話用語中，互問對方姓名，在不知對方前用this指代“我”，而用that指代“你”。e.g.—ThisisLiPing.IsthatLucy?—Yes,Itis.OhLiPing.Howiseverythinggoing?(13.)toomuch太多的（adj.修飾不能數(shù)名詞）eg:Ihavetoomuchhomeworktodo.toomany太多的（adj.修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)）e.g.Therearetoomanyflowersinthiscity.muchtoo太（adv,修飾形、副）Thecameraismuchtoocheap.（14.）alot=verymuch很，十分alotof=lotsof=many=anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)好多（修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)）alotof=lotsof=much好多（修飾不能數(shù)名詞）alargenumberof=largenumbersof+名復(fù)=quitemany“許好多多的”（15.）every+基數(shù)詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示“每..”e.g:everytwostudents.everythreeyears（16.）allof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)/代詞賓格“中的所有，都”（用于三者及以上，作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。）bothand“和都”（用于兩者，作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。）bothof＋賓格/名詞“中兩個都”（用于兩者，作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。）eg:1.AllofthestudentscomefromBeijing.2.Bothyouandshearestudents.3.BothofmyparentsarewatchingTV.(17.)oneof+the＋形容詞最高等＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋動詞的單數(shù)或oneof＋賓格“之一”e.g:1.Oneofthestudents_______(be)fromDali.2.Noneoftheteachers_______(know)me.（18）．疑問代詞：who誰（主格）,whom誰（賓格）,whose誰的（形物）(19).代詞:one代替前面提到的單數(shù)名詞。eg:Whoisthatman?Whichone?ones代替前面提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。e.g.Whatbooksdoyoulike?Iliketheseones.1.Theirschoolisfarmorebeautifulthan.（us）2.Manyworkersteachcomputerscienceathomewhentheydon’tgotowork.（they）3.Inthepicturemygrandmaissittingbetweenmyfatherand.(I)4.“Hello,IsMarry,please?”Thegirlsaidonthetelephone.(this)5.Oneofsheepissick.Iwillgotofindadoctorforanimals.(this)6.ThisT-shirtisabitbigforme.Canyoushowmeone?(other)7.A:XuFei,whoisyourfriend,LiPing,TangLingorChengKun?B:.I’veneverheardofthosenames.(one)三．動詞動詞表示動作或狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)，一般在句中作謂語。動詞分為實(shí)意動詞、助動詞，系動詞，神情動詞四大類。（1）實(shí)意動詞：也叫行為動詞，是表示人物的行為、動作、心理活動的詞。如：give，help，think,want等。實(shí)意動詞有動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞、單三、現(xiàn)在分詞五種形式。含實(shí)意動詞的句子變換為否定句、疑問句時(shí)要借助助動詞do/does/did等。

（2）助動詞：do,does,did(組成否定句和疑問句，加強(qiáng)語氣),have,has,had（與過去分詞組成完成時(shí)），will,shall,should，would+動詞原形；自己無詞義，幫助實(shí)義動詞表否定、疑問。3）連系動詞：be（am,is,are,was,were，been，being）,feel,look,become,keep,seem,taste,get,turn,sound,smell,get等后接形容詞，名詞，副詞和介詞短語，組成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。（但多數(shù)情況后跟形容詞）。Heis_____________thanIthink.(friend)Theylooktiredtoday.Ifeelsorryforit.系表結(jié)構(gòu)的典型例子：getwarm變暖turngreen變綠feelworried感覺憂慮feeltired感覺疲倦fallasleep入睡soundbeautiful聽起來優(yōu)美tastedelicious嘗起來美味keephealthy保持健康keepbusy忙繁忙碌cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)growold變老了，長老了gettogether相聚（4）神情動詞：can/could,may/might,must,need,would,shall/should,haveto/hasto/hadto,beableto，usedto等。神情動詞不能夠單獨(dú)作謂語，后必定跟動詞原形組成謂語。haveto=mustdon’thaveto=needn’t不用can＝beableto注：need也可作實(shí)義動詞用法為：need單三needsneedtodosth（主語為人）Youneed___________(wear)warmclothes.needdoingsth（主語為物）Thewatchneed____________(mend).must開頭的句子,否定回答用needn’t.eg:—MustIhandinmyhomeworknow?—No,youneedn’t.may開頭的句子,否定回答用mustn’t（不能夠夠）eg:—MayIclosethewindow？—No，youmustn’t.三種時(shí)態(tài)的組成：1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語+動詞原形+其他/主語+動詞的單三形式＋其他。一般過去時(shí)：主語＋動詞的過去式＋其他3．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：主語+am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞(動詞－ing)（一）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.用法：表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作；(2)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)；（3）表示客觀事實(shí)，真理，格言。2．組成：1）謂語為be:主語+am/is/are+其他句型變換：be此后加not組成否定句，be提到句首組成一般疑問句。（2.）謂語為實(shí)意動詞時(shí)：1.主語為I/we/you/they或名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)：主語+動詞原形+其他eg:Iwritealetter.主語為單三he/she/it或單數(shù)名詞時(shí)：主語+動詞單三+其他.e.g.Hewritesaletter.2.疑問句：主語為I/we/you/they時(shí)，借助助動詞do,助動詞后用動詞原形e.g:Doyouhaveabook?主語為單三he/she/It時(shí),借助助動詞does,助動詞后用動詞原形。e.g:Doessheworkhere?回答：必然：Yes,主語+do/does否定：No,主語+don’t/doesn’t3.否定句：主語為I/we/you/they時(shí)，借助助動詞don’t，后用動詞原形主語為單三he/she/It時(shí),借助助動詞doesn’t，后用動詞原形。Idon’twritealetter.Hedoesn’twritealetter.4.標(biāo)志詞：often（經(jīng)常），usually（經(jīng)常），sometimes=don’toften（有時(shí)），everyday/week/month/year每天/周/月/年，always（總是），seldom（很少）,hardlyever,never,onSundays等詞。5.表示客觀真理、名言、實(shí)事時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。1.Themoontravelsroundtheearth.2.10and1is11.6.在時(shí)間（when,until,assoonas,bythetime引導(dǎo)的）,和if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，主將從現(xiàn)。e.g:Theboywon’tleavetheislanduntilthefindtheirbaskets.e.g:Wewillgotothemountainsifitdoesn’traintomorrow.4主語為單三時(shí)，動詞單三的變化規(guī)則：【1】.一般在動詞詞尾加s.e.g.talk—talks2】以s、x、ch、sh、o接尾的動詞加es.e.g.watch—watches【3】“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的動詞改y為i再加es.e.g.study—studies【4】不規(guī)則的：have—hasdo—doesgo—goes1.Theyoften_______toplayintheparkonSunday.(go)2.What____MrBrown____?—He’sadoctor.(do)3.IknowLiLei.He______inthethirdrow.(sit)4.－When______heusually______football?－OnSundayafternoon.(play)MissLi,ourEnglishteacher,sometimes_______usalittleFrenchinclass.(teach)（二）．一般過去時(shí)用法：表示過去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。組成：（1）謂語動詞為be時(shí)：主語+was/were+其他（主語為第一人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用was，其他用were）。句型變換：否定句在was/were后加not;一般疑問句把was/were提到句首。e.g:Shewasastudenttwoyearsago.兩年前她是學(xué)生。TheywerenotathomelastSunday.上星期天他們不在家。Wereyouherejustnow?剛剛您在這兒嗎？Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn’t.（２）謂語動詞為行為動詞（實(shí)意動詞）：主語＋動詞的過去式＋其他（否定，疑問句要借助助動詞did或didn’t）否定句：主語＋didn’t+動詞原形+其他一般疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形+其他eg:HisfatherwenttoBeijinglastSunday.上星期天他爸爸去北京。Wedidn’tenjoyourselveslastnight.昨晚我們玩得不快樂。DidtheywatchTVlastnight?昨晚他們看電視了嗎？Yes,theydid./No,theydidn’t.3．動詞過去式的組成規(guī)則：（1）一般在動詞原形尾端加—ed；e.g:look—lookedplay—playedstart—started（2）以e結(jié)尾的加－d；eg:move--movedlive--livedhope--hoped（3）有一個輔音字母（輔音字母前不能夠有兩個元音）接尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加－ed；e.g:stop--stoppedplan--plannedtrip--trippeddrop--droppedprefer—preferredrob--robbedtrap—trappedgrab―――grabbed（4）“輔音字母+y結(jié)尾”的動詞，改y為i，再加－ed;eg:study--studiedcarry--carriedworry--worriedcopy—copied（5）不規(guī)則的須死記（見不規(guī)則動詞表）。寫出以下動詞的過去式：have—laugh—enjoy—reach—hit—change—drop—go—4.一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語（標(biāo)志詞）：【1】“yesterday一家”如：yesterday昨天，yesterdaymorning/afternoon/evening昨早/昨天下午/昨晚，thedaybeforeyesterday前天【2】“l(fā)ast一家”如：lastweek上周，lastyear，lastnight，lastmonth，lastterm，lastMonday3】“ago一家”amomentago剛剛，tendaysago，anhourago，tenminutesago【4】其他：in1999/2002，thismorning，justnow剛剛，longlongago，intheolddays等。e.g:1.They______(play)footballontheplaygroundjustnow.2.____he_______(go)swimminglastsummer?3.Mybrother_______(study)Russianin2002.4.I_______ratherweakyesterday.(feel)5.Whenwe_______(get)home,wewereallwet.6.When_______youruncle______(come)toseeyoulasttime?7.Tom________(be)athomeyesterday,wasn’the?8.He_________usastoryyesterdayevening.(nottell)

（三）．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1．用法：表示現(xiàn)階段動作正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生。2．組成：主語+am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞(動詞－ing)＋其他3．動詞現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則共（三條）：1.一般在動詞詞尾加－ing;e.g.go—going2以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的去e再加－ing;e.g.take—takinghave—having3尾端只有一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞（前面只有一個元音字母），要雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加－ing.常有要雙寫的詞有：（共13個）：put（放）,let（讓），swim（游泳）,begin（開始）,run（跑）,get（獲得）,sit（坐）cut（砍）,nod（點(diǎn)頭）,travel（旅游）,plan計(jì)劃,babysit（臨時(shí)照顧），spit（吐痰）即：put--putting，let--letting，begin--beginning，run—runninggetgettingsitsittingcutcuttingnod--noddingtraveltravelingforget—forgettingplan—planningbabysit—babysittingspit――spitting4.以ie結(jié)尾的，把ie改為y，再加－ing.eg:die—dyinglie—lyingtie—tying思慮：eat,speak,mend為何不雙寫？4.標(biāo)志詞：look!Listen!Now,keepquiet/bequiet,present,rightnow,atpresent,atthemoment,stoptalking,Don’tmakeanoise,thesedays等.。eg：Thescientists(study)theuniversethesedays.1.It(rain)hardnow.2.What(do)yoursister?3.Shetotheradioinherroom.(listen)4.What_____he______?(do)atamathsproblem.(work)6.Don’tmakeanoise.Thebaby.(sleep)Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)（be有兩種形式即is和are），there引導(dǎo)詞，沒心義。Therebe表示“某地有某物/某時(shí)有某人”二.組成：1.Thereis+名詞（單數(shù).不能數(shù)）+時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)狀語eg:Thereisabookonthedesk..Thereare+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)狀語eg:Therearesomebooksonthedesk.注：be和后邊的主語在人稱與數(shù)上保持一致。2.有多個主語時(shí)，be常和近來的主語保持一致（周邊一致）Thereisadesk,twochairsandasmallbedintheroom.Therearetwochairs,adeskandasmallbedintheroom.Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的否定式，只需在be后加not.疑問式把be提到there前。即：Bethere？小寫變大寫，句號變問號。Eg:Thereisnot/isn’taballunderthebed.Therearenot/aren’tanypencilsinthepencil－box.Isthereaballunderthebed?回答：必然：Yes,thereis/are.否定：No,thereisnot(isn’t)/arenot(aren’t).4.特別疑問句：特別疑問詞+一般疑問句？eg:Howmanybooksarethereonthedesk?非謂語動詞(一)動詞原形：以下這些詞后要用動詞原形let(let’s),shallI/we,whynot/whydon’tyou,will/would/couldyouplease,hadbetter(not),too＋形/副原級＋to＋動詞原形（太而不能夠），helpsb.dosth.sth.2.神情動詞can/could、may/might、must、need、have/hasto/hadto，will/would，usedto，beableto3.感觀動詞和使役動詞:（五看、三讓、二聽、一感覺）watch,notice,see,lookat,observe，listen，hear，let,make,have，feel后跟動詞原形。后跟動詞（V－ing），表示動作正在進(jìn)行。5（二）動詞不定式：（to+動詞原形，否定形式在to前加not,即：nottodo）※不定式或動名詞作主語，謂語要用單數(shù)形式。Togoacrosstheroadisnotsafewhenthelightisred.(be)Goingacrosstheroadisnotsafewhenthelightisred.(be)wanttodosth想做某事liketodosth喜歡做某事trytodosth試圖做某事lovetodosth喜歡做某事needtodosth需要做某事learntodosth學(xué)做某事begin/starttodosth開始做某事forgettodosth忘了去做某事remembertodosth記得去做某事decidetodosth決定做某事wouldliketodosth想要做某事choosetodosth選擇做某事stoptodosth停下某事去做某事hopetodosth希望做某事affordtodosth.有能力做某事can’twaittodosth急不能待地做某事plantodosth計(jì)劃做某事tryone’sbesttodosth全力做某事teachsbtodosth教某人做某事tellsbtodosth告訴某人做某事tellsbnottodosth告訴某人不做某事asksbtodosth要求某人做某事asksb.nottodosth.要求某人不做某事allowsbtodosth同意某人做某事warnsbnottodosth警告某人不做某事It’stimeforsbtodosth該某人做的時(shí)候了＝It’sone’sturntodosth.failtodosth.做某事失敗wishsb.todosth.希望做某事expectsb.todosth.希望做某事getsb.todosth.使某人做某事allowsb.todosth.同意某人做某事havenoneed/timetodosth.沒有必要/時(shí)間做某事finditdifficult/hardtodosth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事困難Ittakessb.+一段時(shí)間＋todosth.開銷某人多長時(shí)間做某事不定代詞+todoeg:somethingtoeat/drinkIhavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Itis+形容詞＋todosth.（it做形式主語，動詞不定式做真切的主語）e.g.Itisinterestingtoplaysoccer.疑問詞（what/how/which/when/where/who）和動詞不定式連用，即：疑問詞＋todoe.g.Idon’tknowwhattodoeg:1.Wouldyoulike(go)swimmingwithme?2.Iwant(buy)someapples.3.Weneed(wear)warmclothesinwinter.4.I’lltry(notbe)lateagain.※表示感情色彩的詞后要用動詞不定式eg:Nice/Pleased(see)you.I’msorry(hear)that.※不定式作狀語（目的，原因，結(jié)果）：Hecame__________(teach)thelittlegirl.Iwent______(visit)myunclelastnight.(目的)Whathashesaid_______(make)yousosad?Theyliftedarockedonly________(drop)inontheirownfeet.(結(jié)果)※be+todo(動詞不定式作賓語)e.g.Myjobistoteachstudents.※help后既能夠跟動詞原形，也能夠接動詞不定式。e.g.Canyouhelpmetolearn/learnEnglish.（三）動名詞(V-ing)(1)介詞in,on，at，for,with，without,about,of,from，by，before后的動詞用動名詞。e.g:1.Thankyoufor(help)me.2.Heisgoodat(play)volleyball.3.Theboygotupandwenton(run).4.Theheavyrainstoppedusfrom(go)tothesea.(2).go+V-ing或dosome+V-ing表示一種活動或習(xí)慣。dosomeshopping買東西dothe/somewashing洗衣服dosomereading讀書dosomecleaning打掃衛(wèi)生dosomecooking做飯dosomewalking閑步dosomerunning跑步gofishing去垂釣、goboating去劃船goshopping去買東西gohunting去打獵goswimming去游泳gowalking去閑步gohiking去遠(yuǎn)足goskating去滑冰gowater－skiing去劃水gosurfing去沖浪goscubadiving去潛水godancing去跳舞gorunning去跑步（3.）finishdoingsth做完某事enjoydoingsth喜歡做某事keep(on)doingsth向來做某事hatedoingsth＝dislikedoingsth討厭做某事practicedoingsth練習(xí)做某事minddoingsth介意做某事bebusydoingsth忙于做某事giveupdoingsth放棄做某事feellikedoingsth想要做某事can’thelpdoingsth身不由己做某事prefer+doingto+doing寧愿而不愿

Therebedoingsth.有正在做某事havegreat/somefun(in)doingsth.在做中獲得很大的樂趣havesomeproblems(in)doingsth做某事有問題havesomedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事有困難spend(in)doingsth在做某事上花去.（時(shí)間，金錢）findsbdoingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事beworthdoingsth值得做某事besucceed(in)doingsth已成功的做某事beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事（to是介詞）makeacontributiontodoingsth.為做某事而貢獻(xiàn)（to是介詞）beexcitedaboutdoingsth.對感覺愉悅eg:1.whenI’mtired,Ienjoy_______(listen)tomusic.2Theyarebusy_________(get)readyforthenextyear.3.Idon’tfeellike______(eat).4.Theyhaveproblem__________(carry)thethings.5.Ihavedifficultyin_____(study)English.6.Stop________(talk),theteachersaid.7.Thereissomeone______intheroom.(sing)8.Thereisatruckrubbish.(collect)9.Thankyoufor(help)me.10.Sheisafraidof_____(stay)herebyherself.動名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)e.g.Walkingaftersupperisgoodforyourhealth.(walk)（4）含有動名詞形式的短語：readingroom閱覽室sleepingcar臥鋪車廂sittingroom=livingroom起居室shoppinglist購物清單waitingroom等待室，候診/車/機(jī)室sleepingpill安眠藥shoppingbasket購物籃diningroom/hall餐廳meetingroom會議室eatinghabit飲食習(xí)慣swimmingpool游泳池shoppingcenter購物中心washingmachine洗衣機(jī)cuttingmachine切割機(jī)（5.）在以下這幾組詞里后接動名詞和動詞不定式意思有差別：（a.）goontodosth.連續(xù)做另一件事（b.）forgettodosth.忘記要做某事goondoingsth.連續(xù)做同一件事forgetdoingsth.忘記已做過某事（c.）remembertodosth.記得要做某事（d.）stoptodosth.停下來往做另一件事rememberdoingsth.記得已做過某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事（e.）liketodosth.喜歡做某事（表一次詳盡的動作或短暫的動作）likedoingsth.喜歡做某事（表習(xí)慣性的動作）（f.）needtodosth.需要做某事（主語為人，用于主動語態(tài)）（g.）begin/starttodosth.開始做某事needdoingsth.需要做某事（主語為物，用于被動語態(tài)）begin/startdoingsth.開始做某事eg:1.whenI’mtired,Ienjoy(listen)tomusic.2.Theyarebusy(get)readyforthenextyear.【6】動詞與其他詞的變換：（1）動詞加er/or變成推行者或表職業(yè)的名詞，復(fù)數(shù)加sspeakspeakerwritewriterreadreaderrideridercleancleanerplay—playertravel—traveller(traveler)own—ownerwaitwaiter男服務(wù)員/waitress女服務(wù)員climbclimberteachteacherdrivedriverdrawdrawercookcooker炊具surfsurferdivedivermanagemanagergolfgolferbuildbuilderdreamdreamerleadleaderbuybuyerskateskaterwork--worker工人perform(v)表演performer表演者sellsellerswimswimmerrunrunnerwinwinnervisitvisitorinventinventor發(fā)明家useuser使用者actactor男演員—actress女演員managemanager經(jīng)理eg:1.Allthe___________(run)getreadytogo.2.Tomorrowis__________________teach)Day.3.Howmany___________(invent)hashemadesofar?5.Canyoucutthepearinto_________(half).（2）部分動詞加－ing轉(zhuǎn)變成名詞：meanmeaningbuildbuildingmeetmeetingcrosscrossingturnturningtrain—trainingsurfsurfingbegin--beginning63）部分動詞加ion/ure/sion/ment/ance等轉(zhuǎn)變成名詞：inventinventiondiscussdiscussionpollutepollutioncontributecontributiondecide—decisiondescribedescriptiondiedeathenjoy――enjoymentinviteinvitationpleasepleasure――pleasantdangerdangerousflyflightknowknowledgeenterentrancemanage――management（4）表示感情方面的加ed或ing組成形容詞：interestinterestinginterestedexciteexcitingexcitedamazeamazingamazedsurprisesuprisingsurprisedrelaxrelaxingrelaxedlivelivingalivedworryworried擔(dān)憂的tiretired疲倦的（5）部分動詞的過去分詞可作形容詞：breakbrokencloseclosedgivegivenspeakspokenmarrymarriedpasspast（6）少許動詞前加a變成表語形容詞：sleepasleeplivealivewakeawake四．形容詞和副詞形容詞：表示人或事物的性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)和特色。用法：A.形容詞修飾不定代詞，放于不定代詞后。Ihavesomethingnewtotellyou.B.enough“足夠的”修飾形容詞或副詞，后置。修飾名詞放于前。（名前形副后）Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.C.復(fù)合形容詞（即“數(shù)詞+名詞單數(shù)”稱復(fù)合形容詞）Wehavealongtimefortwo—weekholiday兩周的假期two—weekholiday=twoweeks’holidayD.有部分動詞加ed或ing組成形容詞。加ed的形容詞主語為人（修飾人）；加ing的形容詞主語為物（修飾物）。如：interesting,exciting,boring,amazing,surprising,moving，interested,excited,amazed,surprised,frighten,tired,pleased,worried.2.副詞：修飾動詞，副詞和形容詞。用法：A.副詞修飾形容詞和副詞放于該詞前。e.g:Heisveryold.B.副詞修飾動詞時(shí)，放于動詞后。eg:Herunsfast.C.與時(shí)間有關(guān)的頻度副詞、否定副詞，常放于動詞從前。eg:Ioftenwritetomymother.Wenevergoout.D.副詞修飾整個句子，放在句首。eg:1.________,hefindhislostdaughter.(luck)2._______hecomesontime.(final)副詞的組成：1）自己就是副詞，如：well2)由形容詞+ly組成.A“.輔音+y”結(jié)尾的改y為i再加ly.eg:easyeasilyhappyhappilyheavy--heavilyB.詞尾是ue的，去e加ly.eg:true--trulyC.詞尾是ll的，直接加y.eg:full—fullycareful－carefullyD.詞尾是le時(shí),去e加y.eg:possible--possiblyprobable—probablyterrible—terriblycomfortable――comfortably3.基數(shù)詞變頻度副詞的有：one――once一次two――twice兩次IhavebeentoAmerica______(two)提問頻度的副詞用howoften(多久一次)HowoftendoyouwatchTV?回答用often,usually,sometimes,always,never,hardlyever，onceaweek等.形容詞和副詞同形的詞有：hard（困難的，努力地，雨、雪下得大），early（早的），late（遲的、晚的），fast（快的）五．冠詞冠詞是放在名詞前的虛詞。冠詞分為定冠詞the和不定冠詞a/an.1.a用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞前，an用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前。eg:anhonestman，halfanhour，anordinary

book，ausefulman，anumbrella。但在字母a,e，f，h，i，l，m，n，o,r，s，x前也用冠詞an。e.g.Thereis“u”and“s”intheword“us”.A.anaB.aanC.aaD.anan不定冠詞a/an的用法：)表示“一個”，但數(shù)的見解沒有one強(qiáng).eg:threemealaday.2)用于某些固定詞組中：abitafewalittlealotof等。定冠詞the的用法：1）特指某人或某物；e.g.Thebookonth