考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川應(yīng)用技術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川應(yīng)用技術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Imaginationand（

）ofamanagerwillhelpmakethebusinessasuccess.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.simplicity

B.sophistication

C.innovation

D.condescension

【答案】C

【解析】simplicity樸素，簡(jiǎn)易，天真；sophistication復(fù)雜，老于世故；innovation創(chuàng)新，革新；condescension謙卑，屈尊。句意：經(jīng)理的想象力和創(chuàng)新將有助于商業(yè)的成功。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

2.填空題

Mygrandfather’sheavyFujianaccent（1）hisChinesehardtounderstand（2）times.Ilovetotalktohim,butIoften（3）tounderstandthingshesays,soIhavetoaskhimto（4）.Thisdoesn’t（5）him,,butitdoesme.Whenmymotherisaround,shehelpswhenshe（6）thatI’mhavingtrouble.TheproblemisthatI’venever（7）

anytimeinthesmalltown（8）theFujianoastwheremygrandfather（9）up.Mymother,whoalsolivedtheretillshewaseight,saysitsabeautifulplace.SheandIhavediscussedthepossibilityof（10）thetownwhilemygrandfatherisstillhealthy（11）tomakethetrip.Heisin（12）lateseventiesnowbutheleadsaveryactivelifeandhismindisassharpasever.

大意:

有時(shí)，我祖父明顯的福建口音使他的中文很難讓人理解。我喜歡和他說(shuō)話，但是，我經(jīng)常不理解他說(shuō)的，所以我會(huì)要他再重復(fù)一遍。這并不困擾他，但是困擾我。當(dāng)我媽媽在旁邊時(shí)，當(dāng)她發(fā)現(xiàn)我陷入麻煩時(shí)，她會(huì)幫我。問題是我從未在祖父長(zhǎng)大的福建海岸附近的小鎮(zhèn)上度過多少時(shí)光。我的媽媽也在那住到8歲，她說(shuō)那個(gè)地方很美。我和媽媽己經(jīng)討論拜訪這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的可能性了，在我祖父的身體仍然很健康，能出去旅游的時(shí)候。但是，在他快80歲的時(shí)候，他的生活過得非常積極，他的思維和以前一樣敏銳。

【答案】1.makes

2.at

3.fail

4.repeat

5.trouble

6.find

7.spent

8.near

9.grew

10.visiting

11.enough

12.his

【解析】1.詞匯題。句意:我祖父明顯的福建口音使他的中文讓人很難理解。

2.固定搭配。Attimes有時(shí)候。

3.固定搭配。Failto不能/未能。

4.詞匯題。句意:我經(jīng)常不理解他說(shuō)的，所以我會(huì)要他再重復(fù)一遍。

5.詞匯題。前文說(shuō)到聽不懂祖父說(shuō)的話,空格后面說(shuō)“butitdoesme”，可知前文是說(shuō)這件事并不困擾他祖父。

6.詞匯題。句意:當(dāng)她發(fā)現(xiàn)我陷入麻煩時(shí)，她會(huì)幫我。

7.詞匯題。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞,賓語(yǔ)是anytime，根據(jù)前面的have判斷時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故填spent。

8.詞匯題。句意:問題是我從未在祖父長(zhǎng)大的福建海岸附近的小鎮(zhèn)上度過多少時(shí)光。因此此處缺少表示地點(diǎn)的介詞。

9.固定搭配。Growup長(zhǎng)大。此處應(yīng)為一般過去時(shí)。

10.詞匯題。句意:我和媽媽己經(jīng)討論拜訪這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的可能性了。

11.詞匯題。句意:在我祖父的身體仍然很健康。這里用enough修飾healthy,表示很健康。

12.固定搭配。Inone’slateseventies在…快八十歲的時(shí)候,這里主人公為祖父,因此填入his。

3.填空題

Ourresearchteamis（1）tocompleteamajorproject.Ourfindingswillbe（2）inaseriesofarticlesscheduledtoappearnextyear.Iwillalso（3）theresultsataconferencebeing（4）inSydneylaterthisyear.

句意:我們的研究小組將要完成一個(gè)重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目。我們的研究成果將發(fā)表在一系列計(jì)劃明年出現(xiàn)的文章中。隨后我也將在今年的悉尼會(huì)議上公布這些成果。

【答案】1.going

2.published

3.announce

4.held

【解析】1.固定搭配。Begoingtodo將要。

2.語(yǔ)義題。發(fā)表用publish,此處為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故用published。

3.語(yǔ)義題。此處表示“公布成果”。

4.固定搭配。holdaconference舉辦會(huì)議。這里是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)故用held。

4.單選題

Thevalueofabusinessincreasinglyliesnotinphysicalandfinancialassetsthatareonthebalancesheet,butinintangibles:brands,patents,franchises,software,researchprograms,ideasandexpertise.Fewfirmstrytomeasurereturnsontheseassets,letalonepublishinformationonthem.Yettheyareoftenwhatunderliesafirm'ssuccess.“Ourprimaryassets,whichareoursoftwareandoursoftware-developmentskills,donotshowuponthebalancesheetatall,”saysMicrosoft’sboss,BillGates.“Thisisprobablynotveryenlighteningfromapurelyaccountingpointofview.”

Asignthatcompaniesdonotmeasuretheirassetsproperlymaybethegrowinggapbetweentheirstock-marketvalueandthebookvalueoftheirassets.Between1973and1993,themedianratioofmarketvaluestobookvaluesofAmericanpubliccompaniesdoubles;thedifferencehasgrownwithaboominhigh-techshares.Thegapisbiggestforcompaniesthathavemostrapidlyboostedspendingonresearchanddevelopment（R&D）.Evenwithinindustries,thedivergence（分歧）betweenstock-marketreturnsandreportedearningshasincreased.

Youmightthinkthiswouldpresentaproblemforinvestors,whonolongerhaveagoodwayoftellingwhetherthemarketvalueofacompanyissoundlybased.Yetinvestorsseemtoknowinstinctivelythatknowledgeisvaluable.35.AstudyhasfoundthatthesharepriceofAmericanmultinationalsthatspendheavilyonR&Driseswhentheybuyforeignsubsidiaries,butitfallswhenamultinationalwithlowR&Dspendingbuysabroad.Presumablyinvestorsunderstandthatcompaniesinknowledge-basedbusinessescanexploitthemagicofrisingreturnstoscale.Onceapillorasoftwareprogramisdeveloped,eachextrasalebringsinmoremoneyatlittleextracost:thebiggerthemarket,thegreatertheprofits.

Infact,theabsenceofgoodmeasuresmaybotherthosewhorunfirmsmorethanthosewhoinvestinthem.Formanagers,thebigproblemishowtojudgeratesofreturn.Withbuildingafactory,therearetime-honoredmethodsforcalculatingthepayback.ButwhatifyouareinvestinginR&Dorsoftware,ordecidingwhethertobuybetterpeopleortotrainmore?Therearen’ttoolsformakingsuchdecisions.

1.Theintangiblesofacompanyarereflectedin（）.

2.WhatcanweinferaboutMicrosoft?

3.WhydoesthesharepriceofAmericanmultinationalsrise?

4.Aninvestorwhobuysstocksofacompanyinknowledge-basedbusinessesbaseshisecisionon（）.

5.Thephrase“suchdecisionsn（Para.4）refersto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.physicalandfinancialassets

B.stock-marketvalue

C.thebalancesheet

D.thedifferencebetweenthestock-marketvalueandthebookvalue

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Ithasnobook-valueassets.

B.Itsstock-marketvalueequalsitsbookvalue.

C.There’sagreatgapbetweenitsstock-marketvalueandbookvalue.

D.Itsstock-marketvaluedoesnotreflectthecompany’srealvalue

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheybuyforeignsubsidiaries

B.Becausetheyinvestmuchinintangibleassets.

C.BecausetheyhavelowR&Dspending

D.Becausetheinvestorsknowthemethodsforcalculatingthepaybackofknowledge-basedbusinesses

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.purespeculation（投機(jī)）

B.thecompany’sbookvalue

C.whetherthecompanybuysforeignsubsidiaries

D.theprospectthatitsresearchwilltranslateintolowcostproducts

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.unningfirmsinknowledge-basedbusinesses

B.nvestinginfirmsinknowledge-basedbusinesses

C.udgingratesofreturnonfirmsinknowledge-basedbusinesses

D.alculatingreturnsonanewly-builtfactory

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Thevalueofabusinessincreasinglyliesnotinphysicalandfinancialassetsthatareonthebalancesheet,butinintangibles:brands,patents,franchises,software,researchprograms,ideasandexpertise.企業(yè)的價(jià)值越來(lái)越不在于資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表上的有形資產(chǎn)和金融資產(chǎn)，而在于無(wú)形資產(chǎn)：品牌、專利、特許經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)、軟件、研究項(xiàng)目、創(chuàng)意和專業(yè)技能?？芍狝BC三項(xiàng)都不對(duì)。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第一段“Ourprimaryassets,whichareoursoftwareandoursoftware-developmentskills,donotshowuponthebalancesheetatall,”saysMicrosoft’sboss,BillGates.“Thisisprobablynotveryenlighteningfromapurelyaccountingpointofview.我們的主要資產(chǎn)，也就是我們的軟件和軟件開發(fā)技能，根本沒有出現(xiàn)在資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表上?！皬募兇獾臅?huì)計(jì)角度來(lái)看，這可能不是很有啟發(fā)性?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)“其股票市值并不能反映公司的實(shí)際價(jià)值”正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第三段“AstudyhasfoundthatthesharepriceofAmericanmultinationalsthatspendheavilyonR&Driseswhentheybuyforeignsubsidiaries,butitfallswhenamultinationalwithlowR&Dspendingbuysabroad.一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在研發(fā)上投入巨資的美國(guó)跨國(guó)公司在收購(gòu)?fù)鈬?guó)子公司時(shí)，其股價(jià)會(huì)上漲，但當(dāng)研發(fā)支出較低的跨國(guó)公司在海外收購(gòu)時(shí)，其股價(jià)會(huì)下跌。可知跨國(guó)公司在收購(gòu)海外子公司時(shí)，股價(jià)的升降取決于該公司在研發(fā)方面的投入力度，也就是對(duì)無(wú)形資產(chǎn)的投入力度。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第三段“Presumablyinvestorsunderstandthatcompaniesinknowledge-basedbusinessescanexploitthemagicofrisingreturnstoscale.Onceapillorasoftwareprogramisdeveloped,eachextrasalebringsinmoremoneyatlittleextracost:thebiggerthemarket,thegreatertheprofits.想必投資者明白，在以知識(shí)為基礎(chǔ)的企業(yè)中，企業(yè)可以利用不斷增長(zhǎng)的回報(bào)來(lái)擴(kuò)大規(guī)模。一旦開發(fā)出一種藥丸或一個(gè)軟件程序，每一筆額外銷售都能以很少的額外成本帶來(lái)更多的收入：市場(chǎng)越大，利潤(rùn)就越大。”可知D項(xiàng)“其研究成果轉(zhuǎn)化為低成本產(chǎn)品的前景”正確。

5.詞義題。聯(lián)系上下文“Formanagers,thebigproblemishowtojudgeratesofreturn.Withbuildingafactory,therearetime-honoredmethodsforcalculatingthepayback.ButwhatifyouareinvestinginR&Dorsoftware,ordecidingwhethertobuybetterpeopleortotrainmore?Therearen’ttoolsformakingsuchdecisions.對(duì)于經(jīng)理來(lái)說(shuō)，最大的問題是如何判斷回報(bào)率。建造一個(gè)工廠，有計(jì)算回報(bào)的歷史悠久的方法。但如果你投資于研發(fā)或軟件，或者決定是雇傭更好的人或者培訓(xùn)更多的人呢?沒有工具來(lái)做這樣的決定。可知suchdecisions指代在知識(shí)型企業(yè)如何判斷回報(bào)率的問題。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.寫作題

Directions:Forthissection,youareaskedtoreadthefollowingshortpassagefirstandthentowriteacompositionentitled''WhichoneDoYouThinkIsMoreImportant,PleasureorLongevity?"Youshouldnotcopyanyofthesentencesinthefollowingpassage.Youshouldwritenolessthan150words.RemembertowriteclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.（15%）（Justforyourreference）

Peoplearealmostphobic（恐懼癥）abouthavingfun.increasinglyviewingthemselvesasfragile,vulnerable,readytodevelopcancerorheartdiseaseattheslightestprovocation（刺激）.Inthenameofhealth,peoplegiveupmanyoftheirlifeenjoyments.Wehavenoquarrelwiththeevidencethatsomepleasures,likecigarettesmoking,highalcoholconsumption,addictivedrugs,drivingmuchtoofast,areunhealthyandshouldbeknockedoff.Butworryingtoomuchaboutanythingincludingcalories,salt,cancer,andcholesterol（膽固醇）canrobyourlifeofvitality.Livingoptimistically,withpleasure,zest,andcommitmentenrichesifnotlengthenslife.

Doyouagreetotheabovepointofview?Whichonedoyouthinkismoreimportant,pleasureorlongevity（長(zhǎng)壽）?GiveyourowncommentsandwritethemdownontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

6.單選題

Someoftheonlineservicesarefree,whileothers（

）acharge.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.carry

B.cashier

C.coincide

D.collect

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)carry“拿，運(yùn)送，攜帶”；B選項(xiàng)cashier“開除，解雇”；C選項(xiàng)coincide“同時(shí)發(fā)生，相符，一致”；D選項(xiàng)collect“收集，收藏，收取”。while表示對(duì)比關(guān)系，由Someoftheonlineservicesarefree（一些在線服務(wù)是免費(fèi)的）可知其它一些是收費(fèi)的，因此選D。句意：有些在線服務(wù)是免費(fèi)的，有些則收取費(fèi)用。

7.單選題

Thiskindofsongbirdsleepsmuchlessduringitsannual（）,butthatdoesn’tseemtoaffectitsflying.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.migration

B.emigration

C.conveyance

D.transference

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)migration“遷移；移民”；B選項(xiàng)emigration“移民；移民出境”；C選項(xiàng)conveyance“運(yùn)輸；運(yùn)輸工具”；D選項(xiàng)transference“轉(zhuǎn)移；轉(zhuǎn)讓”。句意：這種太陽(yáng)鳥在一年一度的遷徙期間睡眠極度減少，但是這并不影響其飛行。由空格前的關(guān)鍵詞“annual年度的，每年的”可知“遷移”符合句意，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Herknowledgeandexperiencewouldmakehera(n)（）assettotheteam.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.worthless

B.priceless

C.valueless

D.inexpensive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。worthless“不值錢的，無(wú)價(jià)值的”；priceless“無(wú)價(jià)的，極貴重的”；valueless“無(wú)價(jià)值的，微不足道的”；inexpensive“便宜的”。句意：她的學(xué)識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)將成為團(tuán)隊(duì)無(wú)價(jià)的資產(chǎn)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

9.單選題

These______attacksdisturbedusandweconsultedaphysician.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.recurrent

B.sinister

C.affected

D.morbid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)recurrent“復(fù)發(fā)的，周期性的”，B項(xiàng)sinister“陰險(xiǎn)的，兇兆的”，C項(xiàng)affected“受到影響的，做作的”，D項(xiàng)morbid“病態(tài)的，由病引起的，恐怖的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息weconsultedaphysician“我們咨詢了醫(yī)生”可知attack表示“疾病發(fā)作”；所以空格處填入recurrent符合句意。句意：這些反復(fù)發(fā)作的癥狀困擾著我們，我們?nèi)タ戳酸t(yī)生。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Flood,（）andfaminearenaturaldisastersoftenfacingthepeopleinthepeninsula.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.war

B.sanction

C.overpopulation

D.drought

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)war“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，斗爭(zhēng)，軍事，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”；B選項(xiàng)sanction“制裁，處罰，認(rèn)可，支持”；C選項(xiàng)overpopulation“人口過?！?；D選項(xiàng)drought“干旱，久旱”。句意：洪水、（）和饑荒是半島人民經(jīng)常面臨的自然災(zāi)害。題干中主要談?wù)搉aturaldisasters自然災(zāi)害，空格前后也都是自然因素。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Anargumentwas（

）becausetheydislikeeachothersomuch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ridiculous

B.inevitable

C.excessive

D.conservative

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ridiculous“荒唐的，荒謬的”；inevitable“不可避免的”；excessive“過量的”；conservative“保守的”。句意：由于他們彼此都很討厭對(duì)方,所以爭(zhēng)論就難以避免。根據(jù)上下文關(guān)系可知B項(xiàng)符合句意，答案B

12.單選題

OscarWildesaidthatworkistherefugeofpeoplewhohavenothingbettertodo.Ifso,Americansarenowamongtheworld'ssaddestrefugees.FactoryworkersintheUnitedStatesareworkinglongerhoursthanatanytimeinthepasthalf-century.Americaonceledtherichworldincuttingtheaverageworkingweek-from70hoursin1850tolessthan40hoursbythe1950s.Itseemednaturalthataspeoplegrewrichertheywouldtradeextrasearningsformoreleisure.Sincethe1970s,however,thehoursclockedupbyAmericanworkershaverisentoanaverageof42thisyearinmanufacturing.

Severalstudiessuggestthatsomethingsimilarishappeningoutsidemanufacturing:Americansarespendingmoretimeatworkthantheydid20yearsago.Executivesandlawyersboastof80-hourweeks.Onholiday,theyseekoutfaxmachinesandphonesaseagerlyasGermansbagthebestsun-loungers.YetworkingtimeinEuropeandJapancontinuestofall.InGermany'sengineeringindustrytheworkingweekistobetrimmedfrom36to35hoursnextyearMostGermansgetsixweeks’paidannualholiday,eventheJapanesenowtakethreeweeks.Americansstillmakedowithjusttwo.

Germanyrespondstothiscontrastwithitsusualconcernaboutwhetherpeople'saversiontoworkisdamagingitscompetitiveness.YetGermanworkers,liketheJapanese,seemtobeactingsensibly:astheirincomesrise,theycanachieveabetterstandardoflivingwithfewerhoursofwork.ThepuzzleiswhyAmerica,theworld'srichestcountry,seesthingsdifferently.Itisapuzzlewithsinistersocialimplications.Parentsspendlesstimewiththeirchildrenwhomaybeleftaloneathomeforlonger.Isitjustacoincidencethatjuvenilecrimeisontherise?

SomeexplanationsforAmerica’stimeatworkfailtostanduptoscrutiny.Oneblamesweaktradeunionsthatleaveworkersopentoexploitation.Areworkersbeingforcedbycost-cuttingfirmstotoilharderjusttokeeptheirjobs?ArecentstudybytwoAmericaneconomists,RichardFreemanandLindaBell,suggestsnot:whenasked,Americansactuallywanttoworklongerhours.MostGermanworkers,incontrast,wouldratherworkless.

Then,whydoAmericanswanttoworkharder?OnereasonmaybethattherealearningsofmanyAmericanshavebeenstagnantorfallingduringthepasttwodecades.Peopleworklongermerelytomaintaintheirlivingstandards.Yetmanyhigherskilledworkers,whohaveenjoyedbigincreasesintheirrealpay,havebeenworkinghardertoo.Also,onereasonfortheslowgrowthofwageshasbeentherapidgrowthinemployment-whichismoreorlesswheretheargumentbegan.

Taxesmayhavesomethingtodowithit.PeoplewhoworkanextrahourinAmericaareallowedtokeepmoreoftheirmoneythanthosewhodothesameinGermany.FallsinmarginaltaxratesinAmericasincethe1970shavemadeitallthemoreprofitabletoworklonger.

Noneoftheseanswersreallyexplainswhythecentury-longdeclineinworkinghourshasgoneintoreverseinAmericabutnotelsewhere(thoughBritainshowsignsoffollowingAmerica’slead).Perhapsculturaldifferences--thelastrefugeofthedefeatedeconomistsareatplay.Economistsusedtobelievethatonceworkersearnedenoughtoprovidefortheirbasicneedsandallowforafewluxuries,theirincentivetoworkwouldbeeroded,likelionsrelaxingafterakill.Buthumansaremoresusceptibletoadvertisingthanlions.Perhapsclevermarketinghasensuredthat“basicneeds”--forashowerwithbuilt-inTV,forarocket-propelledcar—expandcontinuously.ShoppingisalreadyoneofAmerica’smostpopularpastimes.Butitrequiresmoney—hencemoreworkandlessleisure.Ortrythis,thetelevisionisnotverygood,andbaseballandhockeykeepbeingwipedoutbystrikes.PerhapsWildewasright.MaybeAmericanshavenothingbettertodo.

1.IntheUnitedStates,workinglongerhoursis（

）.

2.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whichmightbeoneoftheconsequencesofworkinglongerhours?

3.Whichofthefollowingisthecauseofworkinglongerhoursstatedbythewriter?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confinedtothemanufacturingindustry

B.atraditionalpracticeinsomesectors

C.prevalentinallsectorsofsociety

D.favoredbytheeconomists

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Riseinemployees’workingefficiency

B.Riseinthenumberofyoungoffenders

C.Riseinpeople’slivingstandards

D.Riseincompetitiveness

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Expansionofbasicneeds

B.Culturaldifferences

C.Increaseinrealearnings

D.Advertising

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Severalstudiessuggestthatsomethingsimilarishappeningoutsidemanufacturing:...幾項(xiàng)研究表明，制造業(yè)以外也在發(fā)生類似的事情:...”也就是說(shuō)，除了制造業(yè)，美國(guó)其他行業(yè)里工作時(shí)間也很長(zhǎng)，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Parentsspendlesstimewiththeirchildrenwhomaybeleftaloneathomeforlonger.Isitjustacoincidencethatjuvenilecrimeisontherise?父母花在孩子身上的時(shí)間更少，他們（孩子）可能會(huì)被長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的留在家里。青少年犯罪呈上升趨勢(shì)，這僅僅是個(gè)巧合嗎?”由此可知，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作的結(jié)果將會(huì)導(dǎo)致青少年犯罪數(shù)量的增加。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“這些答案都不能真正解釋為什么美國(guó)的工作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)達(dá)一個(gè)世紀(jì)的下降趨勢(shì)已經(jīng)逆轉(zhuǎn)，而其他地方卻沒有(盡管英國(guó)有跡象表明正在步美國(guó)的后塵)。也許文化差異——失敗經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的最后避難所——正在發(fā)揮作用。”這里提到文化差異的問題，但這并不是美國(guó)人長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作的原因。下文提到“Economistsusedtobelievethatonceworkersearnedenoughtoprovidefortheirbasicneedsandallowforafewluxuries,...經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家過去認(rèn)為，一旦工人掙到足夠的錢來(lái)滿足他們的基本需求和一些奢侈品...”由此可知，真正的原因是為了擴(kuò)大基本需求，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

13.翻譯題

“Allnatureismeanttomakeusthinkofparadise,”ThomasMertonobserved.BecausetheCreationputsonanonstopshow,beautyisfreeandinexhaustible,butweneedtraininginordertoperceivemorethanthemostobviouskinds.Even15billionyearsorsoaftertheBigBang,echoesofthateventstilllingerintheformofbackgroundradiation,onlyafewdegreesaboveabsolutezero.Lustso,Ibelieve,theexperienceofbeautyisanechooftheorderandpowerthatpermeatetheuniverse.Tomeasurebackgroundradiation,weneedsubtleinstruments;tomeasurebeauty,weneedalertintelligenceandourfivekeensenses.

Anyonewitheyescantakedelightinafaceoraflower.Youneedtraining,however,toperceivethebeautyinmathematicsorphysicsorchess,inthearchitectureofatree,thedesignofabird’swing,ortheshiverofbreaththroughaflute.Formostofhumanhistory,thetraininghasfromelderswhotaughttheyounghowtopayattention.Bypayingattention;welearntosavorallsortsofpatterns,fromquantummechanicstopatchworkquilts.Thispredilectionbringswithitaclearevolutionaryadvantage,fortheabilitytorecognizepatternshelpedourancestorstoselectmates,findfood,avoidpredators.Butthesameadvantagewouldapplytoallspecies,andyetwealonecomposesymphoniesandcrosswordpuzzles,carvestoneintostatus,maptimeandspace.

【答案】托馬斯?默頓曾感言：“天地萬(wàn)物欲使我們想到天堂。”上天造物，生生不息，猶如連番上演的舞臺(tái)劇，美亦展示得無(wú)拘無(wú)朿、無(wú)窮無(wú)盡。若要從最顯見的物類中獲得更多美的感悟，則須經(jīng)專門訓(xùn)練。即使在宇宙大爆炸的一百五十億年后，其反射仍以背景輻射的形式，略略徘徊于絕對(duì)零度之上。正因?yàn)榇?，人們?duì)美的體驗(yàn)，實(shí)則是對(duì)宇宙間無(wú)處不在的秩序與力量的回應(yīng)。測(cè)量背景輻射，要有精巧的儀器；體驗(yàn)美，則需機(jī)敏的智能與敏銳的五官了。

凡眼見于俏臉、鮮花，無(wú)人不覺賞心悅目。然而，要參透數(shù)學(xué)、物理或棋弈之美，欣賞樹之有形、鳥之翼趣，乃至對(duì)長(zhǎng)笛奏出的悠悠顫音心領(lǐng)祌會(huì)，則必經(jīng)專門訓(xùn)練方可體味。在人類大部歷史上，這種訓(xùn)練就是學(xué)會(huì)如何觀察，歷來(lái)由長(zhǎng)者教之于幼者。通過觀察，人類學(xué)會(huì)鑒賞天地萬(wàn)化之模式，從量子力學(xué)到百納被無(wú)所不包。此癡情所至，亦使人類在進(jìn)化過程中占盡先機(jī)，能辨萬(wàn)化之象，有助于先人們擇偶、覓食，逃避猛獸。按理，同一進(jìn)化優(yōu)勢(shì)本應(yīng)造福世間一切物種，然惟獨(dú)人類能譜出交響曲、制作填字游戲、創(chuàng)造石雕藝術(shù)、標(biāo)示時(shí)空天體。

那么，是人類為獲敏銳的感知而一味將其動(dòng)物的本能需求推向了乖戾之極致，還是人腦構(gòu)造與宇宙天體碰巧契合呢？

14.單選題

Itisimpossibleforusto（）suchadifficulttaskwithinthelimitedtime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fuel

B.frown

C.fulfill

D.frost

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fuel“供以燃料，推動(dòng)”。B選項(xiàng)frown“皺眉，不同意”。C選項(xiàng)fulfill“履行，完成”。D選項(xiàng)frost“結(jié)霜，凍壞”。句意：我們不可能在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成如此艱巨的任務(wù)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Shallowpoolsofwaterareliabletoattractmosquitoesandother（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insects

B.flies

C.garbage

D.garage

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。insects昆蟲;flies蒼蠅;garbage垃圾;garage倉(cāng)庫(kù)。句意：淺水區(qū)容易吸引蚊子和其他昆蟲。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

16.單選題

Researchfindingsshowwespendabouttwohoursdreamingeverynight,nomatterwhatwe（

）duringtheday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shouldhavedone

B.mayhavedone

C.wouldhavedone

D.musthavedone

【答案】B

【解析】句意:研究表明，無(wú)論白天做了什么，我們每晚睡覺時(shí)都會(huì)有兩個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間在做夢(mèng)。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone。shouldhavedone表示“本該發(fā)生而實(shí)際上未發(fā)生”；mayhavedone表示“對(duì)過去發(fā)生的行為的一種推測(cè)”；wouldhavedone表示“本來(lái)會(huì)做某事，但實(shí)際沒有做成”；musthavedone表示“對(duì)過去事情的肯定推測(cè)”。故選B。

17.單選題

Theseseatsare（

）foroldandsickpeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conserved

B.deserved

C.preserved

D.reserved

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)conserved“保存，保全”；B選項(xiàng)deserved“值得”；C選項(xiàng)preserved“保藏”；D選項(xiàng)reserved“保留”。句意：這些座位是留給老人和病人的。bereservedfor意為“為…保留”，所以選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

18.單選題

Engines[A]usedinspaceshuttlesare[B]muchlargerand[C]morestrongthanthe[D]onesusedinthecars.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.used

B.muchlarger

C.morestrong

D.ones

【答案】C

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】比較級(jí)用法。

【解題思路】Strong的比較級(jí)是在其后面直接加er，所以要把morestrong改為stronger。該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【句意】航天飛機(jī)上使用的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)比汽車上使用的要大得多，也更堅(jiān)固。

19.單選題

Mymotherraisedmeasbestasshecould,takingonoddjobsintheneighborhoodformoney.Stillwithoutafathertotellmehowtoactandwhatwasexpectedofme,Ifeltlost.IwanderedforyearsandgotinvolvedwithtoughguysontheEastSideofNewYork.Theywouldfightmadlyoveradroppedcoin.Theywouldstealtogetwhattheywanted.Iwantedtobelikethem.

ItwasluckyformethatIleftthecityandenteredaworldofdiscipline,afterfollowingmymother’sadvice.Duringthreeyearsofmilitaryservice,Ihadtimetorethinkmylife,andmythoughtsoftenrantomymother.IrealizedsuddenlyjusthowmuchofaheartacheImusthavebeentoher,howlittleIhadnoticedhersuffering.Whenmyfatherleftthisworld,mymotherwascompletelyalone.Tosupportus,mymothercleanedapartmentsandtookinwashingandironingfromtheneighbors.Andassheworkedhardatthislabor,shekeptherheadhigh.Eachweekshewouldbringapileofbookshomefromthelibraryandreadtous.Mymotherhadwantednothingmorethanformetoturnintoanhonestresponsibleman.ButIhadactedagainsther.Finally,almosttoolateIhadthesensetofeelshame.

TenyearspassedandIreturnedtotheapartmentontheEastSide.IknewIwouldn’tfallbackinwiththewrongpeople,althoughIstillwasn’tsurewhereIwasheading.Mymother,Icouldtellwasworriedaboutme.Inmyneighborhood,tobecomeapoliceofficerorafirefighterwasamarkofsignificantsocialsuccessandachievement.Formeitwasanopportunityforarealstartinlife.IwonderedifIwasuptoit,butIknewthatitwastimetotry.WhenIfoundmyselfinthebighallraisingmyhandstotakethefirefighter’soathofoffice,mymotherwassittingafewrowsbehindwithasmileofrelief.SheknewthatatlastIwasoffonlife’sroadandmovingsteadily.Hersmilesaid,“Myjobisfinallydone.”

1.Fromthisstory,wemayguessthattheEastSideofNewYorkmustbea（）area.

2.Theauthorusedtobehavehimself（）.

3.Fromthecontext,weunderstandthat“oddjobs”inthefirstparagraphrefertojobs（）.

4.Inthefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph,theauthorsays“Itwasluckyformethat...”Theluckyexperiencehetalksabouthereishisexperienceof（）.

5.WhatisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.commercial

B.rich

C.poor

D.distant

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.oddly

B.toughly

C.remarkably

D.badly

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ofcleaning,washingandironing

B.whicharenotregularorfixed

C.whichonecanmakeextramoneywith

D.withhousework

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thethreeyearsofmilitaryservice

B.leavingaworldofdiscipline

C.leavingthecityandhismother

D.fightingwithtoughguys

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Afterherhusbanddied,hismotherdidallavailablejobstosupportthefamily.

B.Theauthorwassurprisedthathewasacceptedasafirefighter.

C.Theauthorfinallyrealizedthathismotheralwayswantedhimtobeanhonestandresponsibleman.

D.Infaceofpoverty,hismotherneverloweredherhead.Shebravelystruggledon.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段“Theywouldfightmadlyoveradroppedcoin.Theywouldstealtogetwhattheywanted.”他們會(huì)為一枚掉在地上的硬幣瘋狂地打斗,他們會(huì)去偷想要的東西。由此可以推斷,這個(gè)地區(qū)很貧窮,選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第二段的首句“ItwasluckyformethatIleftthecityandenteredaworldofdiscipline,...”我很幸運(yùn),在聽從了母親的建議后,我離開了這座城市,進(jìn)入了一個(gè)有紀(jì)律的世界。根據(jù)“discipline”可推測(cè),作者以前的表現(xiàn)應(yīng)該是badly,選項(xiàng)D最恰當(dāng)。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段,可知“oddjobs”是母親做的工作。再根據(jù)第二段“Tosupportus,mymothercleanedapartmentsandtookinwashingandironingfromtheneighbors.”所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“Duringthreeyearsofmilitaryservice,Ihadtimetorethinkmylife,...”可知,作者覺得幸運(yùn)的經(jīng)歷是在部隊(duì)服役的三年經(jīng)歷。選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第二段后半部分的內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)A和D正確;根據(jù)第二段最后三句“Mymotherhad...thesensetofeelshame.”可知選項(xiàng)C也正確;所以本題選B。

20.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Twoyearsago,ateamoflinguistsplungedintotheremotehillcountryofnortheasternIndiatostudylittle-knownlanguages,manyofthemunwrittenandindangeroffallingoutofuse.

Onaverage,everytwoweeksoneoftheworld’srecorded7,000languagesbecomesextinct,andtheexpeditionwasseekingtodocumentandhelppreservetheendangeredonesintheseisolatedvillages.

AtarushingmountainriverthelinguistsenteredthetinyvillageofKichang.TheyexpectedtohearthepeoplespeakingAka,afairlycommontongueinthatdistrict.Instead,theyheardalanguagethatsoundedasdifferentfromAkaasEnglishdoesfromJapanese.Afterfurtherinvestigation,leadersoftheresearchannouncedlastweekthediscoveryofa“hidden”language,knownlocallyasKoro,completelynewtotheworldoutsidetheseruralcommunities.

WhenthethreeresearchersreachedKichang,theywentdoortodooraskingpeopletospeaktheirnativetongue.Thepeoplelivebyraisingpigsandgrowingorangesandrice.TheyshareasubsistenceeconomyandaculturewithothersintheregionwhospeakAka,orMiji,anothersomewhatcommonlanguage.Ontheveranda(陽(yáng)臺(tái))atonehouse,thelinguistsheardayoungwomannamedKachimtellingherlifestoryinKoro.Shewassoldasachildbride,wasunhappyinheradoptedvillageandhadtoovercomehardshipsbeforeeventuallymakingpeacewithhernewlife.

ThelinguistrecordedKachim’snarrativeinKoro,andanIndiantelevisioncrewhadherrepeatitinHindi.Thisnotonlyenabledtheresearchestounderstandherstoryandherlanguagebutcalledattentiontotheculturalpressuresthreateningthesurvivalofsuchlanguages,upagainstnationallanguagesdominantinschools,commerceandmassmedia.

InthelastSpeakers:TheQuesttoSavetheWorldMostEndangeredlanguages,publishedlastmonthbyNationalGeographieBooks,Dr.HarriennotedthatKorospeaker“wethoroughlymixedinwithlocalpeoplesandnumberperhapsnomorethan800”.Moreover,linguistarenotsurehowKorohassurvivedthislongasaviablelanguage.

Bycontrast,theAkapeoplenumberabout10,000livingincloserelationswithKorospeakersinadistrictofthestateofAnunschalProdesh,whereatleast120languagesarespoken.Dr.Andensonsaidthecoexistenceofseparatelanguagesbetweentwointegratedgroupsthatdonotacknowledgeanethnicdifferencebetweenthemishighlyunusual.

Theefforttoidentify“botspotofthreatenlanguages”thelinguistssaid,iscriticalinmakingdecisionstopreserveandenlargetheuseofsuchtongueswhicharetreasureofapeople’shistoryandculture.

31.WhydidagroupoflinguistsvisitthesmallvillageofnortheasternIndia?

32.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutthelanguagecalledKorobynativeresidents?

33.What’stheimportantpurposeofrecordingKachim’sstoryinKoroandthentranslatingitintoHindi?

34.Inordertopreserveandenlargetheuseofthethreatenedlanguagesintheworld,itisnecessaryto（）.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.BecausetheywanttotalkwithayoungwomannamedKachim.

B.Becausetheyhopedtodiscoveranoldlanguagewhichisunwritten.

C.Becausetheywantedtoinvestigatethelittle-knownlanguagesthere.

D.Becausetheyhopedtostudythehistoryandcultureofthatvillage.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ItsoundsmuchsimilartoMiji.

B.Ithasalreadyfallenoutofuse.

C.Itiscompletelynewto