考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南昌航空大學(xué)科技學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南昌航空大學(xué)科技學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.

Inthefirstgamesjusttwoteamsofinjuredsoldierstookpart.Thenextyear,1949,fiveteamstookpart.Fromthosebeginningsthingsdevelopedfast.TeamsnowcomefromabroadtoStrokeMandevilleeveryyear.In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.Now,everyfouryears,theOlympicGamesfortheDisabledareheld,ifpossible,inthesameplaceasthenormalOlympicGames,althoughtheyareorganizedseparately.InotheryearsGamesfortheDisabledarestillheldatStrokeMandeville.Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.Unfortunately,theywereheldatStrokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngles,alongwiththeotherOlympics.

TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports.Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartinthegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympicCommitteetoincludethedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheable-bodied.Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.

1.Thefirstgamesforthedisabledwereheld（

）afterSirLudwigGuttmannarrivedinEngland.

2.BesidesStrokeMandeville,surelythegameforthedisabledwasonceheldin（

）.

3.InParagraph2theword"athlete"means

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

5.Fromthepassagewemayconcludethatwriteris（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.50years

B.21years

C.9years

D.4years

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.NewYork

B.London

C.Rome

D.LosAngeles

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.peoplewhosupportthegame

B.Peoplewhowatchthegame

C.peoplewhoorganizedthegame

D.peoplewhocompeteinthegame

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.

B.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.

C.SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermany.

D.SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritish.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.oneoftheorganizersofthegamesforthedisabled

B.adisabledwhooncetookpartinthegames

C.againstholdingthegamesforthedisabled

D.inthefavorofholdingthegameforthedisabled

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany可知第一次舉辦殘疾人運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是在1948年，SirLudwigGuttmann是在1939年從納粹德國(guó)被驅(qū)趕到英國(guó)，因此選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.（1960年，第一屆殘疾人奧運(yùn)會(huì)在羅馬舉行）可知選C。

3.詞義題。由文章第二段中的Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.（在1984年輪椅奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，來(lái)自大約40個(gè)國(guó)家的1604名輪椅……參加了比賽）可知“athlete”是指參加比賽的人，A選項(xiàng)“支持者”，B選項(xiàng)“觀看者”，C選項(xiàng)“組織者”，D選項(xiàng)“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者”，因此選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.（1939年從納粹德國(guó)被驅(qū)趕到英國(guó)的SirLudwigGuttmann，被英國(guó)政府要求在倫敦附近的MandevilleHospital設(shè)立一個(gè)受傷中心。他對(duì)治療受傷的想法包括殘疾人運(yùn)動(dòng)）可知A、C、D選項(xiàng)正確，B選項(xiàng)“SirLudwigGuttmann是一名受傷的士兵”并沒(méi)有在文中提及，因此選B。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段中的TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports...Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.（奧運(yùn)會(huì)在增進(jìn)國(guó)際友誼和理解方面取得了巨大的成功，也證明了殘疾并不意味著你不能享受體育運(yùn)動(dòng)……也許還需要再過(guò)幾年，才能說(shuō)服那些幸運(yùn)到?jīng)]有殘疾的人，他們的殘疾運(yùn)動(dòng)員不應(yīng)該被排除在奧運(yùn)會(huì)外）可知作者是支持殘疾人運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的，因此D選項(xiàng)“支持為殘疾人舉辦比賽”符合題意。

2.單選題

Thefamousinventorwasawardedan（）_doctoratebytheuniversity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.honorary

B.honorable

C.honored

D.honorific

【答案】A

【解析】形近異義詞辨析。honorary“榮譽(yù)的”；honorable“可敬的”；honored“受尊敬的”；honorific“表示敬意的”。句意：這位著名的發(fā)明家被這個(gè)大學(xué)授予了榮譽(yù)的博士學(xué)位。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

Whiletyping,Helenhasahabitofstopping（）togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.occasionally

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.promptly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)occasionally“偶爾，間或”；B選項(xiàng)simultaneously“同時(shí)”；C選項(xiàng)eventually“最后，終于”；D選項(xiàng)promptly“迅速地，立即地”。句意：海倫打字時(shí)，習(xí)慣_____停下來(lái)梳理一下她那飄逸的長(zhǎng)發(fā)。這里表示的是“偶爾停下來(lái)”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

1.Anewstudyusesanunusualsource—proverbs—revealculturaldifferencesinhowChineseandAmericancitizensviewrisksandrisk-taking.

2.WhenChineseandAmericanstudentscomparedproverbsfromtheircountriestheyagreed:

Chineseproverbsgenerallyadvocatedgreaterrisk-takingthandidAmericanproverbs.

3.TheseresultshelpexplainearlierresearchthathasfoundChinesecitizensareindeedmorewilling

totakefinancialrisksthanareAmericans,saidElkeWeber,coauthorofthestudyandaprofessorofpsychologyatOhioStateUniversity.

4.“Proverbsarepartofanation’scultureandreflectthenation’sbeliefsandvalues,”saidWeber.“By

lookingatproverbs,wewereabletoshowthatlong-standingculturaldifferencesareonereasonthattheChinesearemorerisk-seekingthanAmericanswhenitcomestofinancialissues,”Webersaid.

5.WeberconductedthestudywithChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicagoandJoanna

SokolowskaoftheAcademyofSciencesinWarsaw,Poland.TheresultswerepublishedinarecentissueofthejournalOrganizationalBehaviorandHumanDecisionProcesses.

6.StudentsfromthetwocountriesratedAmericanproverbssuchas“Abirdinthehandisworthtwo

inthebush,”andChineseproverbssuchas“Failureisthemotherofsuccess.”

7.Thestudyalsofoundsomedifferencesinhowstudentsfromthetwocountriesviewedproverbs.

Forexample,Chinesecitizensgenerallyviewedproverbsasadvocatingmoreriskinfinancialsituationsthaninsocialsituations.TherewasnosuchdistinctionmadebyAmericanparticipants.

8.WebersaidthecollectivistcultureofChina―aculturethatemphasizescommitmenttofamily—

allowspeopletotakegreaterfinancialrisksbecausecitizensknowtheirnetworkoffriendsandfamilywillhelptheminacrisis.However,becauseoftheimportanceoftheirsocialnetwork,Chinesearelesswillingtotakesocialrisksinwhichtheymightalienatefriendsorfamily.

9.InAmerica’sindividualisticculture,peoplehavetobemorecarefulfinanciallybecausetheydon’t

havethe“cushion”ofasocialnetworktofallbackon,Webersaid.Ontheotherhand,Americansdon’thavetoworryasmuchabouttheirsocialnetwork.“Theproverbsofeachcountryreflectthesedifferingculturalvaluesandconcerns,”Webersaid.

10.Inonestudy,82Americanand87Chinesecollegestudentswereaskedtorate34proverbs—17

fromeachcountry—thathadsomeadviceaboutdealingwithrisk.Theproverbsweretranslatedintotheparticipants’nativelanguagesandparticipantswerenottoldwhichcountrytheproverbswerefrom.

11.Theparticipantswerethenaskedifeachproverbpromotedriskaversionorriskseekingintwo

differentsituations,onefinancialandonesocial.Theyratedtheproverbsonafive-pointscaleinwhich1wasrisk-averse,3wasneutraland5wasriskseeking.

12.TheparticipantsfromeachcountryratedChineseproverbsasmoreriskseekingingeneralthan

theAmericanproverbs,Webersaid.Forexample,inonegroupofproverbs,AmericanstudentsgavetheAmericanproverbsanaveragescoreof2.83,andtheChineseproverbsanaveragescoreof3.07.

13.However,WebersaidtheevidencewasclearthatChinesepeoplebelieveproverbsadvocatemore

riskseekinginfinancialsituationsthantheydoinsocialsituations.

14.Inaddition,Chineseproverbsseemtodealmorewiththeproblemsofsocialrisk-takingthando

Americanproverbs,reflectingthecountries’differingvalues.Forexample,Americanstudentssaid95percentofAmericanproverbswereapplicabletofinancialdecisions,butonly63percentwereapplicabletosocialdecisions.ButAmericansthought78percentofChineseproverbswereapplicabletofinancialdecisionsand73percentwereapplicabletosocialdecisions.

15.“TheChinesearemuchmoreinterestedthanAmericansinprotectingtheirsocialnetworks.”

Webersaid.“ThesefindingsareconsistentwiththenotionthatChinais,andhaslongbeen,acollectivistsocietyandAmericaanindividualisticone.”

16.Asecondstudy,whichalsoincludedGermanproverbs,foundthatpeopleratedGermanproverbs

inbetweenthosefromAmericaandChina—butclosertoChinese—intermsofriskseekingandriskaversion.Thatmakessense,Webersaid,becauseGermancultureisquitecollectivistinasocialsense,muchlikeChina’s,eventhoughthecountryhasaneconomicsystemthatismorelikeAmerica’s.

17.Webersaidthisresearchisimportantforseveralreasons.Forone,itshowshowresearcherscan

useculturalproducts—suchasproverbs,novels,ornurseryrhymes—tohelpexplaincross-culturaldifferencesinbeliefsandbehavior.Theseresultsalsohaveapracticaluseinhelpingpeopleinvolvedininternationalnegotiationstobetterunderstandculturaldifferences.“Whenyouaredealingwithsomeonefromanothercountry,itisimportanttoknowiftherearedifferencesinperceptionsorvaluesthatcanaffectnegotiations.Inthiscase,ifyouknowtheotherpersonhasdifferentriskperceptionsorriskpreferencesthanyou,itispossibletodevelopanagreementthatleavesbothsidesbetteroff.”

1.Thestudyusedproverbsbecause（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEoftheproverbs"Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush"and"Failureisthemotherofsuccess"?

3.TheChineseadvocatemorerisk-takinginfinancialsituationsbecause

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueofasocietythatemphasizesindividualvalues?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeconcludedfromthepassage?

I.Apersonwhoenjoysgoodsocialrelationstendstoriskhimselffinancially.

II.Apersonwhoenjoysgoodsocialrelationstendstobeconcernedabouttheproblemtherein.

III.Apersonwhodoesn'tcareaboutsocialnetworktendstotakemoresocialrisks.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ChinaandAmericahaveapproximatelythesamenumberofproverbs

B.mostproverbsdealwithrisk-taking

C.thesubjectshadalargerepertoireofproverbs

D.proverbsareculture-ladenexpressions

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarethemostquotedproverbs.

B.Theyrevealdifferentattitudestowardrisk-taking.

C.Theyinvolvedifferentimages.

D.Theyexpressthesameproposition.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theyareaheadlongpeople

B.theyarefinanciallydisadvantaged

C.theyhavethe"cushion"ofsocialnetwork

D.theyhavemorefinancialopportunities

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itscitizenstendtocareaboutsocialnetwork.

B.Itscitizensarefamily-oriented.

C.Itscitizensarerisk-taking.

D.Itscitizenscaremoreaboutthemselvesfinancially.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Ionly

B.IIonly

C.BothIandIII

D.I,IIandIII

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干中的proverbs可定位到文章第四段中，由Proverbsarepartofanation'scultureandreflectthenation'sbeliefsandvalues（諺語(yǔ)是一個(gè)民族文化的組成部分反映了該民族的信仰和價(jià)值觀）可知D選項(xiàng)“諺語(yǔ)是文化的表達(dá)方式”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的Anewstudyusesanunusualsource—proverbs—revealculturaldifferencesinhowChineseandAmericancitizensviewrisksandrisk-taking（揭示中美兩國(guó)公民如何看待風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和冒險(xiǎn)的文化差異）可知B選項(xiàng)“它們揭示了人們對(duì)冒險(xiǎn)的不同態(tài)度”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干中的financialsituations可定位到文章第八段中，由thecollectivistcultureofChina―aculturethatemphasizescommitmenttofamily—allowspeopletotakegreaterfinancialrisksbecausecitizensknowtheirnetworkoffriendsandfamilywillhelptheminacrisis（中國(guó)的集體主義文化——強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)家庭的承諾的文化——允許人們承擔(dān)更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)槊癖娭浪麄兊呐c朋友和家人之間的聯(lián)系將在危機(jī)中幫助他們）可知人們可以在危險(xiǎn)關(guān)頭依靠他們的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，因此C選項(xiàng)“他們擁有社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的‘緩沖’”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的individualvalues可定位到文章第九段中，由InAmerica'sindividualisticculture,peoplehavetobemorecarefulfinanciallybecausetheydon'thavethe"cushion"ofasocialnetworktofallbackon（在美國(guó)的個(gè)人主義文化中，人們必須在財(cái)政上更加謹(jǐn)慎，因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有可以依靠的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)系）可知D選項(xiàng)“它的民眾在經(jīng)濟(jì)上更關(guān)心自己”符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。通讀全文，可知在集體主義文化中，人們因?yàn)榭梢砸揽坑H友這樣的社會(huì)關(guān)系網(wǎng)，更愿意冒險(xiǎn)，但也會(huì)因?yàn)榕率ビH友，而不會(huì)冒太大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；在個(gè)人主義文化中，因?yàn)闆](méi)有可依靠的社會(huì)關(guān)系網(wǎng)，人們不會(huì)冒太大的金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，相比之下，他們會(huì)冒更大的社會(huì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故題目中的三種說(shuō)法都正確，因此選D。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

不列顛的超市業(yè)主們很少如此心懷忐忑地期待著圣誕節(jié)的銷售業(yè)績(jī)。在2014年，大部分超市，特別是樂(lè)購(gòu)(TESCO)這個(gè)市場(chǎng)領(lǐng)頭羊，過(guò)得很艱難。超低折扣商鋪，持續(xù)挖它們的墻角，侵吞他們的市場(chǎng)份額，而下降的食物價(jià)格也使得超市的利潤(rùn)率降低。臨近圣誕節(jié)和新年的幾周通常是超市的旺盛銷售時(shí)期，它們?cè)诖似陂g能否喘一口氣？

涂鴉畫(huà)可能最終會(huì)消失。但是直至現(xiàn)在，這種愛(ài)好仍然受到人們的尊敬。一位涂鴉畫(huà)家說(shuō)，他有很多朋友曾經(jīng)癡迷于在火車車皮廂上作畫(huà)。現(xiàn)在有了妻兒，他們只有周末去廢棄的倉(cāng)庫(kù)墻上大展身手。這己經(jīng)成了周日下午的慣例——一種比坐在電視機(jī)前看足球略微健康的消遣。

【答案】RarelyhavetheChristmasresultsforBritain'ssupermarketsbeenawaitedwithsuchtrepidation.Mostofthem,especiallythemarketleader,TESCO,struggledin2014.Thehard-discountstorescontinuedtoundercutthem,gobblingupmarketshare,whilefallingfoodpricesateintotheirprofits.WouldtheseveralweeksleadinguptoChristmasandNewYear'sDay,generallythestrongestsalesperiod,bringthemsomerelief?

Graffitimayeventuallydisappear.Butuntilnowthishobbyisstillrespectedbypeople.Onegraffitiartistsaysthathehasalotoffriendswhowereonceobsessedwithpaintingonthesurfaceoftraincompartment.Nowwithwivesandchildren,theyonlyhavetimeattheweekendtopaintonthewallsofabandonedwarehouses.IthasbecomesomethingtodoonaSundayafternoon—aslightlyhealthieralternativetosittingwatchingthefootball.

6.單選題

Agoodmanyhouses（）knockeddownbytheearthquake.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.was

B.were

C.is

D.are

【答案】B

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)題干中的houses可知空格處的be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故排除A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)。句意：許多房子在地震中被震垮了。根據(jù)句意可知地震是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，所以用wereknockeddown，即被動(dòng)式的過(guò)去，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

ThedestructionoftheTwinTowersinNewYorkCity_______shockandangerthroughouttheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tempted

B.provoked

C.summoned

D.enveloped

【答案】B

【解析】tempted引誘,誘導(dǎo);provoked激起,引起;summoned傳喚,召集;enveloped包圍,包封,遮蓋。句意：紐約雙子塔的毀壞在全世界引起了震驚和憤怒。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

8.單選題

Notaskissodifficult（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatwecanaccomplishit

B.astobeunabletoaccomplishit

C.butwecanaccomplishit

D.butwecannotaccomplishit

【答案】C

【解析】句意:不管任務(wù)有多困難，我們都能完成。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾榉穸ň涞奶厥庥梅āut可以表示否定意義，相當(dāng)于“that...not”，因此,butwecanaccomplishit相當(dāng)于“thatwecannotaccomplishit”。

9.單選題

Itisreportedthatthirtypeoplewerekilledina（

）ontherailwayyesterday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.collision

B.collaboration

C.corrosion

D.confrontation

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)collision“碰撞”；B選項(xiàng)collaboration“合作，勾結(jié)”；C選項(xiàng)corrosion“腐蝕，侵蝕”；D選項(xiàng)confrontation“對(duì)抗，面對(duì)”，根據(jù)空格前后的句子成分判斷，這里應(yīng)該填一個(gè)名詞，充當(dāng)介詞的賓語(yǔ)，從句意思是“有30人在昨天的鐵路撞擊事故中喪生”，可知空格部分單詞為“撞擊事故”，句意為：據(jù)報(bào)道有30人在昨天的鐵路撞擊事故中喪生。故正確答案A。

10.翻譯題

1.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese(5marks)

It’sanotherbad-airdayinBeijing.Youcanbarelysee.Youcanbarelybreathe.Butyoucanfeel—andeventaste—thegritfloatingintheair.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhassethealthylevelofAirQualityIndexat25micrograms,whileBeijingconsidersa300readingas“Bad”and500as“Hazardous.”Lastweekend,however,itbreached700!“I’mgettingitchy,”complainedmydaughterMichelle,visitingusfromNewYork.“Icouldfeelitatthebackofmythroat.”

LongtimeexpatriateresidentsintheChinesecapitaljokinglycallitthe“Beijingtickle(癢癢)”,anaggingcoughthattakesalongtimetoshrugoff.

【答案】北京又是一個(gè)空氣不好的日子。你幾乎看不見(jiàn)。你幾乎不能呼吸。但你能感覺(jué)到——甚至嘗到——漂浮在空氣中的沙礫。世界衛(wèi)生組織將空氣質(zhì)量指數(shù)的健康水平定為25微克，而北京認(rèn)為300微克是“不好的”，500微克是“危險(xiǎn)的”。然而，上周末，空氣質(zhì)量指數(shù)突破了700微克！“我有點(diǎn)癢！”米歇爾來(lái)紐約時(shí)抱怨道，“我能感覺(jué)到它在我的喉嚨后面?！?/p>

在中國(guó)首都的長(zhǎng)期外籍居民開(kāi)玩笑地稱之為“北京癢癢”，需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能擺脫的持續(xù)咳嗽。

11.單選題

Theheatinsummerisnoless（

）hereinthismountainregion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concentrated

B.extensive

C.intense

D.intensive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。concentrated意為“集中的”；extensive意為“廣泛的”；intense意為“激烈的，強(qiáng)烈的，非常的”；intensive意為“加強(qiáng)的，集中的”。

句意：這個(gè)山區(qū)夏天的酷熱也同樣強(qiáng)烈。

12.單選題

Pricetouchedsomethingnear（）bottomthisyear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cap

B.water

C.rock

D.pot

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。A選項(xiàng)cap“蓋；帽子；脫帽致意；覆蓋；勝過(guò)；給……戴帽；加蓋于”；B選項(xiàng)water“水；海水；雨水；海域，大片的水”；C選項(xiàng)rock“巖石；搖滾樂(lè)；暗礁；搖晃”；D選項(xiàng)pot“壺；盆；罐；把……裝罐；射擊；節(jié)略”。根據(jù)固定搭配rockbottom“最低點(diǎn)；受挫”可知該題選rock。句意：這一年物價(jià)接近低谷。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Wehaveacrisisonourhands.Youmeanglobalwarming?Theworldeconomy?No,thedeclineofreading.Peoplearejustnotdoingitanymore,especiallytheyoung.Who’sresponsible?Actually,it’smorelike,Whatisresponsible?TheInternet,ofcourse,andeverythingthatcomeswithit—Facebook,Twitter(微博).Youcanwriteyourownlist.

There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.Nonedid.Readingsurvived;infactitnotonlysurvived,ithasflourished.Theworldismoreliteratethaneverbefore—therearemoreandmorereaders,andmoreandmorebooks.

Thefactthatweoftengetourreadingmaterialonlinetodayisnotsomethingweshouldworryover.Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.Takethearrivalofe-bookreadersasanexample.DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.

Astechnologymakesnewwaysofwritingpossible,newwaysofreadingarepossible.Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.Wheretraditionalbookshadtomakedowithphotographsandillustrations,ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos,inthefuture,thewaypeoplewritenovels,history,andphilosophywillresemblenothingseeninthepast.

Ontheotherhand,thereisthedangeroftrivialization.OneTwittergroupisofferingitsfollowerssingle-sentence-long“digests”ofthegreatnovels.WarandPeaceinasentence?Youmustbejoking.Weshouldfearthefragmentationofreading.Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.

Insuchafast-changingworld,inwhichrealityseemstoberemadeeachday,weneedtheabilitytofocusandunderstandwhatishappeningtous.Thishasalwaysbeenthefunctionofliteratureandweshouldbecarefulnottoletitdisappear.Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.

Inthe15thcentury,JohannesGuttenberg’sinventionoftheprintingpressinEuropehadahugeimpactoncivilization.Onceuponatimethephysicalbookwasachallengingthing.Weshouldrememberthisbeforeweassumethattechnologyisouttodestroytraditionalculture.

1.Whichofthefollowingparagraphsbrieflyreviewsthehistoricalchallengesforreading?

2.Thefollowingareallcitedasadvantagesofe-booksEXCEPT（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbebesttodescribehowtheauthorfeelstowardsingle-sentence-longnovels?

4.Accordingtothepassage,peopleneedknowledgeofmoderntechnologyand（）tosurviveinthefast-changingsociety.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ParagraphOne

B.ParagraphTwo

C.ParagraphThree

D.ParagraphFour

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.multimodalcontent

B.environmentalfriendliness

C.convenienceforreaders

D.imaginativedesign

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Ironic

B.Worried

C.Sarcastic

D.Doubtful

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.goodjudgment

B.highsensitivity

C.goodimagination

D.theabilitytofocus

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Technologypushesthewayforwardforreadingandwriting

B.Interconnectivityisafeatureofnewreadingexperience

C.Technologyisanopportunityandachallengefortraditionalreading

D.Technologyoffersagreatervarietyofreadingpractice

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.段落大意題。題干：哪一個(gè)段落簡(jiǎn)要回顧了閱讀的歷史挑戰(zhàn)？根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞historicalchallengesforreading定位至第二段第1-2句There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.（很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間以來(lái)，一直有關(guān)于文化文明即將滅亡的警告。在20世紀(jì)，首先是電影，然后是廣播，然后是電視，似乎預(yù)示著文字世界的毀滅。），第一句話表明本段將會(huì)回顧閱讀在以前的歷史時(shí)期經(jīng)歷過(guò)的挑戰(zhàn)，第二句話就說(shuō)明了曾經(jīng)有來(lái)自于哪幾方面的挑戰(zhàn)，所以B選項(xiàng)“第二段”，是本題的正確答案；文章第一段講的是當(dāng)今閱讀面臨衰退的危機(jī)及原因；第三段講我們其實(shí)無(wú)需對(duì)現(xiàn)代科技發(fā)展過(guò)慮；第四段的中心是現(xiàn)代科技帶給閱讀的好處，所以都應(yīng)排除。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：以下都被認(rèn)為是電子書(shū)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，除了_______。由題干定位到文章第三段最后一句話DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.（像Kindle這樣的閱讀設(shè)備比傳統(tǒng)的紙質(zhì)書(shū)更方便，也更環(huán)保），所以B選項(xiàng)“環(huán)境友好”和C選項(xiàng)“方便讀者”，符合題意；第四段第三句指出ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos（電子書(shū)可以為讀者提供無(wú)限數(shù)量的鏈接:文本、圖片和視頻），可見(jiàn)電子圖書(shū)的內(nèi)容豐富形式多樣，A選項(xiàng)“多模式的內(nèi)容”是對(duì)該句中提及優(yōu)勢(shì)的概括，所以A選項(xiàng)也符合題意；第四段的第二句話Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.（互聯(lián)性使閱讀經(jīng)驗(yàn)成為可能，這是以前幾乎無(wú)法想象的。），是說(shuō)閱讀經(jīng)歷是從前無(wú)法想象的，而不是電子圖書(shū)的設(shè)計(jì)具有想象力，故D選項(xiàng)“富有想象力的設(shè)計(jì)”，屬于曲解文章意思。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是D選項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。題干：以下哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)能最好地描述作者對(duì)單句小說(shuō)的感覺(jué)？由題干的關(guān)鍵詞“single-sentence-long”定位至第五段。該段首句作者就指出thereisthedangeroftrivialization（有一個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是閱讀的淺薄化），并在該段最后一句中指出Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.（目前存在的危險(xiǎn)是：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的高速連接會(huì)減少我們注意力的持續(xù)時(shí)間，結(jié)果是我們不能夠閱讀長(zhǎng)篇論著，或是閱讀需要高度集中注意力的書(shū)籍。），這些均表明了作者的擔(dān)心，故B選項(xiàng)“擔(dān)心的”，符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“諷刺的”，C選項(xiàng)“挖苦的”和D選項(xiàng)“懷疑的”，根據(jù)文義，作者并無(wú)諷刺，懷疑的意思，排除A、C、D選項(xiàng)。綜上所述，本題正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)文章，人們需要現(xiàn)代技術(shù)和_______的知識(shí)來(lái)在快速變化的社會(huì)中生存。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第六段最后一句話Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.（我們的社會(huì)需要能夠想象出這樣一種可能性：一個(gè)人與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)完全合拍，但又能夠理解一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的、令人困惑的世界。），可知knowledgeofmoderntechnology對(duì)應(yīng)intunewithmoderntechnology，而makesenseofadynamic，confusingworld則對(duì)應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)“良好的判斷力”，故A選項(xiàng)為答案。B選項(xiàng)“高度敏感性”，C選項(xiàng)“豐富的想象力”和D選項(xiàng)“集中注意力的能力”與原句中makesenseof的意思相距甚遠(yuǎn)，故排除。綜上所述，本題正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

5.主旨大意題。題干：文章的主題思想是？本文開(kāi)篇提到了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)對(duì)閱讀造成的影響。之后回顧了過(guò)去科技的發(fā)展曾經(jīng)對(duì)閱讀構(gòu)成的威脅，接著講到閱讀的新趨勢(shì)和方式。第五段說(shuō)明科技的發(fā)展對(duì)閱讀所造成的具體影響。第六段提到現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中需要什么樣的人——既適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的發(fā)展,又理解現(xiàn)在的變化。末段提到閱讀本身也曾經(jīng)是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，引發(fā)人們思考如何應(yīng)對(duì)現(xiàn)代科技對(duì)閱讀構(gòu)成的威脅。雖然文章沒(méi)有明確提出中心思想，首段還提到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)造成了閱讀人數(shù)的下降，但隨后各部分內(nèi)容并沒(méi)有對(duì)科技發(fā)展做出否定，而是為人們指明了正確的方向和途徑，尤其末段說(shuō)明了事物的兩面性，C選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)閱讀來(lái)說(shuō)既是機(jī)遇，也是挑戰(zhàn)”，很好地概括了文章的主旨大意，故為正確答案。由第三段第二句Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.（過(guò)去二十年的電子和數(shù)字革命可以說(shuō)為閱讀和寫(xiě)作指明了前進(jìn)的道路。），可知A選項(xiàng)“科技推動(dòng)了閱讀和寫(xiě)作的發(fā)展”是該段內(nèi)容，而非全文中心意思，故排除；B選項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)性是新閱讀體驗(yàn)的特征”是對(duì)第四段第二句的解釋，屬于細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，故排除；D選項(xiàng)“科技提供了更多種類的閱讀實(shí)踐”是對(duì)第四段第三句的概括，與主旨無(wú)關(guān)，故排除。綜上所述，本題正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

14.單選題

Despitetheirgoodservice,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotelsof______standards.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.equivalent

B.alike

C.uniform

D.likely

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.equivalent（價(jià)值、數(shù)量、意義、重要性等）相等的，相同的B.alike相像；十分相似

C.uniform一致的；統(tǒng)一的D.likely可能的；預(yù)料的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子可知，mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotels（大多數(shù)小旅館比酒店便宜）用到了比較級(jí)，而比較通常是在同等的條件下進(jìn)行，所以空格處應(yīng)該表示“相同的”，該題選擇A項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】盡管他們的服務(wù)很好，大多數(shù)小旅館比同等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的酒店便宜。

15.單選題

Schoolchildrenoughttobe（）totheirparentsandteachers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alien

B.transient

C.obedient

D.current

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)alien“外國(guó)的；相異的”；B選項(xiàng)transient“短暫的；路過(guò)的”；C選項(xiàng)obedient“服從的；孝順的”；D選項(xiàng)current“現(xiàn)在的；最近的”。句意：學(xué)齡兒童應(yīng)該……父母和老師。句中主語(yǔ)是Schoolchildren，由關(guān)鍵信息totheirparentsandteachers“對(duì)其父母和老師”要服從。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

Iaskedthecounselortogivemea（）estimateofthefeeofdefendingmycaseincourt.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rude

B.crude

C.rough

D.coarse

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)rude表示“粗魯?shù)模粺o(wú)禮的，未開(kāi)化的”，B選項(xiàng)crude表示“粗糙的，天然的，未加工的”，C選項(xiàng)rough表示“粗糙的，粗略的，艱苦的，未加工的”，D選項(xiàng)coarse表示“粗鄙的；粗糙的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞estimate可知，我讓律師對(duì)我的案件上庭辯護(hù)所需費(fèi)用進(jìn)行粗略估算。因此，只有C項(xiàng)最符合原文語(yǔ)境，故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

17.單選題

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore_______tolightthanhumaneyes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.glowing

B.sensitive

C.brilliant

D.gloomy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)glowing“灼熱的；熱情洋溢的；鮮艷的”；B選項(xiàng)sensitive“敏感的；感覺(jué)的；靈敏的；感光的；易受傷害的；易受影響的”；C選項(xiàng)brilliant“燦爛的，閃耀的；杰出的；有才氣的；精彩的，絕妙的”；D選項(xiàng)gloomy“黑暗的；沮喪的；陰郁的”。句意：雖然貓?jiān)谕耆诎抵锌床灰?jiàn)東西，但它們的眼睛比人眼對(duì)光更敏感。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Yourfailureinthefinalexaminationisduetothefactthatyoudidn’t______enoughimportancetoyourEnglish.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.put

B.attach

C.render

D.place

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)put“放，賦予”，B項(xiàng)attach“貼上，系上”，C項(xiàng)render“回報(bào)，援助”，D項(xiàng)place“放置，寄予”。根據(jù)空格后的關(guān)鍵詞importance“重要性”可知，attachimportancetosth.固定搭配，表示“重視”。句意：你期末考試不及格是由于你對(duì)英語(yǔ)不夠重視。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Theideaoftravelingthrough（

）spacetootherplanetsinterestsmanypeopletoday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.a

B.the

C./

D.one

【答案】C

【解析】考查冠詞。句意：漫游太空去另一個(gè)星球這個(gè)想法現(xiàn)在引起了很多人的興趣。

sun、star一樣是物質(zhì)名詞，是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物，所以前面應(yīng)該加定冠詞the，因此答案選C。特指世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物或自然現(xiàn)象。但space表示“太空”，nature表示“大自然”時(shí)，均不能與冠詞連用。

20.單選題

Thevolcanolaid（

）now,butwefeltsureitwoulderuptagainwithintheyear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inactive

B.slack

C.elevated

D.inattentive

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。inactive“不活動(dòng)的，不活躍的”；slack“懶惰的，懈怠的”；elevate“舉起，提起”；inattentive“不注意的，漫不經(jīng)心的”；根據(jù)句意‘盡管火山目前是（

）狀態(tài)，但是我們確信今年它會(huì)再次噴發(fā)?！_定A選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Hewouldgotoendless（）tohelpanyonehethoughtworthyofencouragement.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.difficulty

B.obstacle

C.trouble

D.nuisance

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:difficulty“困難”；B:obstacle“障礙”；C:trouble“麻煩”；D:nuisance“討厭的東西（人，行為）麻煩事”。句意：他幫助任何他認(rèn)為值得鼓勵(lì)的人會(huì)帶來(lái)無(wú)盡的麻煩。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，C為正確答案。

22.單選題

Einsteindiscoveredthelawsthatgoverntheuniverse,notinalaborinan（

）,butatthedeskinhisstudy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.orchard

B.orbit

C.observatory

D.outlet

【答案】C

【解析】句意:愛(ài)因斯坦不是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室或者天文臺(tái)發(fā)現(xiàn)了宇宙的規(guī)律，而是在他的書(shū)房的桌子上。

名詞辨析。Orchard果園，果樹(shù)林;orbit軌道，眼眶;observatory天文臺(tái),氣象臺(tái);outlet出口，排放孔?？崭駪?yīng)該與or連接的lab(實(shí)驗(yàn)室)并列,故選C。

23.填空題

ArecentsurveyfoundthatmorethanhalfofallBritishcompaniesincludePRaspartoftheircorporateplanningactivities,comparedtoaboutonethirdofU.S.companies.Itmaynotbelong

whenLondonreplacesNewYorkasthecapital

A

B

C

D

ofPR.

【答案】Dwhen改為before

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】從句。

【解題思路】D部分到句子結(jié)尾是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示用不了多久倫敦就會(huì)取代紐約，引導(dǎo)詞用before，表示在倫敦取代紐約要不了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。

【句意】最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，超過(guò)一半的英國(guó)公司將公關(guān)作為公司規(guī)劃活動(dòng)的一部分，而美國(guó)公司的這一比例只有三分之一。用不了多久，倫敦就會(huì)取代紐約成為