麻雀雖小五臟俱全

麻雀雖小五臟俱全葉莖根草本植物身體構(gòu)造篇觀察一棵小植物，找一找，它的根、莖和葉在哪裡？葉觀察葉子，找一找，它的葉脈、葉緣和葉形在哪裡？葉脈葉緣葉形葉脈葉脈：為葉中的維管束系統(tǒng)，具輸導(dǎo)及支持作用。平行脈：葉脈互相平行。例：狗尾草網(wǎng)狀脈：葉脈分出多數(shù)細(xì)脈，互相連接而成網(wǎng)狀。例：龍葵葉形的種類葉緣葉的功能葉的形狀、大小以及它在莖上排列的方式，各有不同。但其能行光合作用來製造養(yǎng)分，以及蒸散作用、呼吸作用的功能卻是相同的。莖看一看，摸一摸，植物的莖都相同嗎？草本植物的莖莖的質(zhì)地柔軟，富有彈性，不會(huì)形成木材，體型多矮小，生長時(shí)間較短。有莖植物：具有明顯莖的植物。例：野莧無莖植物：不具莖或地上莖不明顯的植物。

例：車前草莖的生長方式莖的功用莖主要連接根與葉，並有支持植物身體及運(yùn)輸?shù)墓δ堋Ｒ簿褪钦f，植物藉由莖將根所吸收的水分和礦物質(zhì)，運(yùn)送給葉、花及果實(shí)。而葉子行光合作用所產(chǎn)生的養(yǎng)分，也是由莖送到植物體的各部份，包括根部。此外，莖上有節(jié)，節(jié)會(huì)發(fā)芽，芽可以長成枝條、葉子或花，讓植物成長擴(kuò)大。根看一看，摸一摸，植物的根都相同嗎？根的種類軸根：有一條長長延伸的粗根，粗根的四周還有許多分支的細(xì)根。而這個(gè)粗根，我們稱它為『主根』，其餘的分枝則叫做『側(cè)根』。多數(shù)草本雙子葉植物的根是軸根系。例：野莧鬚根：主根不發(fā)達(dá)或完全消失，而由莖的基部生出許多同等大小的根，然後再各自生出更細(xì)小的分枝，因?yàn)槠涓艽郑瑏K且像鬍鬚一般在泥土中生長，故稱為「鬚根系」。草本單子葉植物大多數(shù)屬於鬚根系。例：狗尾草根的功能根是植物成長中最先形成的部份，也是固定植物體的器官。此外，它還可吸收土壤中的水分、礦物質(zhì)以供植物生長所需。所以，在植物成長的同時(shí)，根也不斷的在成長哦！搞不清楚的根與莖變態(tài)的莖：

球莖：如土半夏。

塊莖：如馬鈴薯。

鱗莖：如大蒜、洋蔥。

根莖：如薑、蓮藕等。變態(tài)的根：

儲(chǔ)藏根：如甘藷、蘿蔔

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