【中考英語】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(知識(shí)點(diǎn)+練習(xí)題)大全課件

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義用來表示之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系:動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去,但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。

Theyhaveleft.--他們已經(jīng)離開了,也就是說現(xiàn)在他們?nèi)瞬辉谶@里

Ihave

hadmylunch.--我已經(jīng)吃過午飯了,也就是說我現(xiàn)在不餓也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

Hehas

learnedEnglishsince2001.--從2001年開始學(xué)的,現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)學(xué)著呢現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義用來表示之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而其2nowpastfuture一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)表示的是純粹在過去發(fā)生的事情現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài),或者發(fā)生在過去卻對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響nowpastfuture一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)表示3構(gòu)成：

肯定式：主語+助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞.

疑問式：助動(dòng)詞Have/Has+主語+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞?

否定式:

主語+助動(dòng)詞have/has+not+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞.

例句：Ihave

already

hadlunch.

Haveyouhadlunchyet?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven't.Ihaven'thadlunchyet.構(gòu)成：4按要求改變句子。1.Shehasdoneherhomework.(改否定句)2.Shehasalreadytoldusthenews.(改否定句)3.Therainhasalreadystopped.(改一般疑問句)4.Ihavewaitedherefortwohours.(劃線提問)5.HehaslivedinShangHaisinceheleftBeijing.(劃線提問)6.Theyhaveboughtanewcar,________________?(反義疑問句)7.ShehaslearnedFrenchsince2002.(同意句)ShehaslearnedFrench______2years.ShehaslearnedFrench_______2years__________.Shehasn’tdoneherhomework.Shehasn’ttoldusthenewsyet.Hastherainstoppedyet?Howlonghaveyouwaitedhere?haven’ttheyforsinceagoWherehashelivedsinceheleftBeijing?按要求改變句子。Shehasn’tdoneherho56動(dòng)詞過去分詞的變化規(guī)則規(guī)則變化：

1、一般情況下，動(dòng)詞詞尾加-ed

，如：

workedplayedwantedacted

2、以不發(fā)音的-e結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞詞尾加-d，如：

livedmoveddecidedhoped

3、以輔音字母

+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把-y變?yōu)?i

再加-ed，如：

studiedtriedcopiedcried

4、以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加-ed，如：

stoppedbeggeddroppedplanned

6動(dòng)詞過去分詞的變化規(guī)則規(guī)則變化：67不規(guī)則變化AB型

can-couldshall-should

will-would

may-mightAAA型

cost-cost-cost

cut-cut-cut

hit-hit-hit

hurt-hurt-hurt

let-let-let

put-put-put

set-set-set

shut-shut-shut

read-read-read

AAB型

beat-beat-beaten

ABA型

become-became-become

come-came-come

run-ran-run

7不規(guī)則變化7寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式及過去分詞1become_______-________2break_______-_________3bring_______-________4build_______-_________5bite_______-_________6catch_______-_________7choose________-_______8cut________-__________9fall_______-__________10fly_______-__________11forget_______-_______12grow________-_______13hit______-______14hurt_____-______15keep_____-______16lend______-_____17lose______-______18meet_____-______19put______-______20read______-_____21ring______-______becamebecomebrokebrokenbroughtbroughtbuiltbuiltbitbitcaughtcaughtchosechosencutcutfellfallenflewflownforgotforgottengrewgrownhithithurthurtkeptkeptlentlentlostlostmetmetputputreadreadrangrung寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式及過去分詞13hit______-_8現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞

1．在表示“表示發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果或影響”時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和副詞already,yet,never,ever,before,just等連用。a）already往往用于肯定句，用在疑問句時(shí)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或加強(qiáng)語氣；yet用于否定句和疑問句。b）never是否定詞，表示“從來沒有”，而ever表示“曾經(jīng)”c）just表示“剛剛”（用于完成時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，與already，never等副詞的位置一樣，多用在助動(dòng)詞have/has和動(dòng)詞過去分詞之間）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞 1．在表示“表示發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成9注意：just:剛剛，與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用justnow:剛才，與一般過去時(shí)連用e.g.IhavejustboughtapenIboughtapenjustnow.注意：10beforeVSago在……之前【考查點(diǎn)】辨析：before與agoago是副詞，“……以前”。它指從此刻起若干時(shí)間以前，常與過去時(shí)連用?！纠洹縃isparentsdiedtenyearsago.before也可以用作副詞，表示“……以前”，常與完成時(shí)連用。也可放在時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前。【例句】Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.Pleasecomeherebeforesixo’clock.①Irememberseeingyousomewhere2years______.②Ihavereadthenovel______.

答案：①ago②before解題思路：①ago常與過去時(shí)連用②before常與完成時(shí)連用beforeVSago在……之前【考查點(diǎn)】辨11現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞

2．在表示“動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，并且一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至還可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去?！睍r(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+一段時(shí)間，sofar,uptonow等時(shí)間狀語連用。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞 2．在表示“動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，并且一直延續(xù)到12since:(自…以來)1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+時(shí)間段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+從句She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:(長(zhǎng)達(dá)）for+時(shí)間段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:

Takenotes

since:(自…以來)since,for的用法:13注1):since也可單獨(dú)使用,表示“自那時(shí)起”;另外since前也可加上ever,以加強(qiáng)語氣.Eg.Ihavebeenhere(ever)since.Ihavebeenhere(ever)sinceIgraduatedin2000.注2):對(duì)for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語提問必須用howlong,決不能用when.Eg.Ihavelivedherefor10years.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?Shehasstoodheresince2hourago.Howlonghasshestoodhere?注1):since也可單獨(dú)使用,表示“自那時(shí)起”;另14現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成用法常用狀語have+動(dòng)詞過去分詞has+動(dòng)詞過去分詞1.從過去一直到現(xiàn)在，還有可能持續(xù)下去.2.強(qiáng)調(diào)完成，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響.ever,already,yet,before,never，for，since現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成用法常用狀語have+動(dòng)詞過去分15完成時(shí)的4個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)1.Since&for2.havegonetohavebeentohavebeenin區(qū)別3.區(qū)別過去時(shí)4.短暫性動(dòng)詞的使用完成時(shí)的4個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)1.Since&for16難點(diǎn)一：Since&forfor+一段時(shí)間since+過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)since+一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間從句since＋一段時(shí)間＋ago難點(diǎn)一：Since&forfor+一段時(shí)間17用for或since填空Mr.BrownhashadhisTV______15years.I’vetakendrivinglessons_______lastmonth.Mysisterhashadhercellphone______amonth.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme______mybirthday.Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_____years.Tomhaswornglasses_______hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsince用for或since填空Mr.Brownhashad18havebeen與havegone的用法比較

havebeento意思是“到過，去過”，表示曾經(jīng)到過某處，但現(xiàn)在人不在那兒。havegoneto

意思是“去了”，表示已經(jīng)去了某地，現(xiàn)在人可能在去的途中或已在那兒了。havebeenin

意思是“呆在某處一段時(shí)間了”難點(diǎn)二havebeen與havegone的用法比較hav19

ShehasbeentoShanghai.

（她曾經(jīng)到過上海）

ShehasbeeninShanghaiforaweek.

(仍然在上海）

ShehasgonetoShanghai她到上海去了（可能在去上海的路上，或已經(jīng)到上海，總之現(xiàn)在沒有回來）難點(diǎn)二難點(diǎn)二20用have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto填空：1.—Whereisyourbrother?—He____________theshop.He’llbebacksoon.2.—______youever_________toAmerica?—Yes,I___________NewYorktwice.3.—Hereyouareatlast!Where_____you_____?—I_____________London.4.—David_______________Australia.—I’msurehe’salreadyarrived.5.—IsBennyhere?—No,he__________theschoollibrary.Heleftfiveminutesago.hasgonetoHavebeentohavebeentohavebeenhavebeentohasgonetohasgoneto用have/hasbeento,have/hasgo21難點(diǎn)三：與過去式的區(qū)別？I‘velivedherefortenyears.我在這里住了10年（現(xiàn)在仍住這兒）Ilivedherefortenyears.我在這里住過10年（現(xiàn)在不住這兒了）Iwasateacher.Ihavebeenateacher.Icleanedtheblackboardhalfanhourago.

（只說明“擦”黑板和其發(fā)生的時(shí)間）Ihavecleanedtheblackboard.

（說明現(xiàn)在黑板是干凈的）難點(diǎn)三：與過去式的區(qū)別？I‘velivedheref22eg3：HehasboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.

他已經(jīng)買了一本英漢字典。

HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.他曾買過一本英漢字典。上一頁下一頁

第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，想表達(dá)意為：“HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Andhestillhasit”“過去他買了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典”。第二句用過去時(shí)只敘述過去他買過一本英漢字典這一事實(shí)，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強(qiáng)調(diào)說明。主菜單eg3：上一頁下一頁主菜單23二．當(dāng)有一個(gè)表示過去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語時(shí)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而用一般過去時(shí):上一頁下一頁eg:

Isawthefilmontelevisionyesterday.

但since(自…以來)+某一過去時(shí)間或敘述過去事情的從句總是與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。eg：

Theyhaveknowneachothersince1950.

Sincehewasachild,hehaslivedinEngland.主菜單二．當(dāng)有一個(gè)表示過去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語時(shí)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而24Thepresentperfecttense

&

thesimplepasttense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系,對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等,不能與表過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí):只著重說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)，常與具體的過去時(shí)間狀語連用。Thepresentperfecttense&th25Exercises:We__________(study)Englishforaboutfiveyears.We______(begin)

tostudyitfiveyearsago.2.They_____(move)

tothesouthin1990and__________(live)theresincethen.3.Eric_____(leave)homelastyearbutnowhe_______(come)back.havestudiedbeganmovedhavelivedhascomeleftExercises:We__________(study)26他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。

Nick參軍3年了.

他離開深圳好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。這本書我已借了4個(gè)月了.Hisgrandpahasdiedfor2years.Nickhasjoined

thearmyfor3years.HehasleftShenzhenforalongtime.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor4months.XXXX實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分為:1)瞬間動(dòng)詞(die,join,leave,borrow等)2)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞(wait,know,learn等)注意:瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用.他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。Hisgrandpahasd27實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分為:1)瞬間動(dòng)詞

2)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞

瞬間動(dòng)詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意:瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分為:1)瞬間動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞joinbegin28method1:

動(dòng)作狀態(tài)die

beover

leaveborrow/buy

arrive

begin

end/finish

join

marrykeep/had

beaway

behere

beon(上演）

bemarried

beinbedeadmethod1:動(dòng)作狀態(tài)diebeoverleav29他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。

Nick參軍3年了.

他離開深圳好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。這本書我已借了4個(gè)月了.Hisgrandpahasbeendeadfor2years.Nickhasbeeninthearmyfor3years.HehasbeenawayfromShenzhenforalongtime.Ihavehad/keptthebookfor4months.他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。Hisgrandpahasb30難點(diǎn)三：短暫性動(dòng)詞短暫性動(dòng)詞不能用于“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+表示一段時(shí)間的狀語”（for，since）的句型中。

舉例：come,go,start,leave,die,buy,finish,join,borrow,stop等。注意：1.這些動(dòng)詞可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；2.但不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語（howlong，for，since）連用3.需要用表示持續(xù)狀態(tài)的相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞替換…

難點(diǎn)三：短暫性動(dòng)詞短暫性動(dòng)詞不能用于31注意：瞬間動(dòng)詞在肯定句中不能與for，since等表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用概念:延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)下去或產(chǎn)生持久影響。如：learn,

work,

stand,

lie,

know,

walk,

keep,

have,

wait,

watch,

sing,

read,

sleep,

live,

stay等。

瞬間動(dòng)詞也稱非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞、終止性動(dòng)詞或短暫性動(dòng)詞，表示不能延續(xù)的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。如：open,

close,

finish,

begin,

come,

go,

arrive,

reach,

get

to,

leave,

die,

borrow,buy等。注意：瞬間動(dòng)詞在肯定句中不能與for，since等表示一段時(shí)32電影開始已經(jīng)有15分鐘了。他離開家已經(jīng)有2年了。他死了有4年了。自從我們?cè)趯W(xué)校相遇就成為朋友已經(jīng)3年了。電影開始已經(jīng)有15分鐘了。33電影開始已經(jīng)有15分鐘了。Themoviehasbeenonfor15minutes.他離開家已經(jīng)有2年了。Hehasbeenawayfromhomefor2years.他死了有4年了。Hehasbeendeadfor4years.自從我們?cè)趯W(xué)校相遇就成為朋友已經(jīng)3年了。Wehavebeenfriendssincewemetatschool.電影開始已經(jīng)有15分鐘了。34注意：1)

(對(duì))TomhasstudiedRussianforthreeyears.

=TombegantostudyRussianthreeyearsago,andisstillstudyingitnow.

2)

(錯(cuò))Harryhasgotmarriedforsixyears.

=Harrybegantogetmarriedsixyearsago,andisstillgettingmarriednow.

改為:Harrygotmarriedsixyearsago.

或Harryhasbeenmarriedforsixyears.注意：35e.g.

誤Ihavereceivedhisletterfortwodays.正Ireceivedhislettertwodaysago.Ihavehadhisletterfortwodays.ItistwodayssinceIreceivedhisletter.*瞬間動(dòng)詞在否定句中則可以與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用。Ihaven’treceivedhisletterforalongtime.Hehasn’tmarriedsincehebrokeupwithhisgirlfriend.e.g.誤Ihavereceivedhislett36Translation:他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。

Nick參軍3年了.

他離開深圳好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。

這本書我已借了4個(gè)月了.Hisgrandpahasbeendeadfor2years.Nickhasbeeninthearmyfor3years.

HehasbeenawayfromShenzhenforalongtime.Ihavekeptthebookfor4months.Translation:他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。Hisg37完成時(shí)的特殊用法完成時(shí)的特殊用法38用法1：表示一個(gè)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已完成或剛剛完成。Nowwehaveplantedallthetrees.

Hehasturnedoffthelight.Uptonow,theprogramhassavedthousandsofchildren.

A:“Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?”B:“No,thanks.I’vejusthadlunch.”用法1：表示一個(gè)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已完成或剛剛完成。39Allofushaveheardthis

manytimes.IhavevisitedBeijing

threetimes.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher;Ihavemether

severaltimes.用法2：表示過去發(fā)生的一次或多次的動(dòng)作，一般漢語譯為“過”，常帶有once，twice,three

times等頻度時(shí)間狀語

Allofushaveheardthismany40句型一:Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段since+一般過去時(shí)的句子.

他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。

Nick參軍3年了.Itis/hasbeen2yearssincehisgrandpadied.Itis/hasbeen3yearssinceNickjoinedthearmy.

用法3：用于某些特殊句型句型一:Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段since41句型二:This/Itisthefirst/second等序數(shù)詞

time+that從句(謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))It’sthefirsttimethatMissLiuhasbeentoTaojiang.句型三：It/This/Thatisthe最高級(jí)+名詞

that從句（謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）It’sthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.

句型二:This/Itisthefirst/seco42have/hasgoneto

&have/hasbeento

1.have/hasbeen(to)表示“去過某地（現(xiàn)在已回來）”2.have/hasgoneto表示“去某地了（說話時(shí)某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀扒罢呖膳conce,never,several

times等連用,后者則不能

e.g.我曾經(jīng)去過三次意大利。IhavebeentoItalythreetimes.他去哈爾濱了。HehasgonetoHarbin.have/hasgoneto&have/ha43Summary:用法一：

(不確定的)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響或造成結(jié)果。用法二:表示從過去開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。用法三：過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已完成或剛完成。用法四：過去發(fā)生的一次或多次的動(dòng)作。用法五：用于某些特殊句型Summary:44根據(jù)情景用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空A：I____________(notsee)Georgesincehe__________(leave)thisschoolayearago.______youever_______(see)himagain?B：Yes,Ihave.I________(meet)himafewdaysago.A：Where_______you_______(meet)him?B：I_______(meet)himinthemuseum.HewaslookingatsomepaintingswhenI________(see)him.We________(say)hellotoeachother.haven’tseenlefthaveseenmetdidmeetmetsawsaid根據(jù)情景用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空haven’tseenlef45寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式及過去分詞。1leave-________-_______2catch-________--________3tell-________--_________4stand-______--______5get-_______--________6hurt-________--_________7put-_______--_________8come-_______--________9run-________--_________10begin-________--_________11swim-_________--________12draw-_________--_________13know-________--__________14do-_______--________15go-_______--_________16give-_______--_______17see-_______--________18drive-_______--________19take-______--_______20be-________--________21eat-_____--______22write-_______--______23speak-______--________24steal-_______--________25tear-_______--________

leftleft

caughtcaught

toldtold

stoodstood

gotgot

hurthurt

putput

camecome

ranrun

beganbegun

swamswum

drewdrawn

knewknown

diddone

wentgone

gavegiven

sawseen

drovedriven

tooktaken

was,werebeen

ateeaten

wrotewritten

spokespoken

stolestolen

toretornPleaserememberthem.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式及過去分詞。16give-______46Practice：1.—Canyougivemetherightanswer?—Sorry,I___Wouldyoupleaserepeatthatquestion?A.haven’tlistenedB.hadn’tlistenedC.don’tlistenD.wasn’tlisteningPractice：1.—Canyougivemet472.Whenyougetthepaperback,payspecialattentiontowhat____.havemarkedB.havebeenmarkedC.hadmarkedD.hadbeenmarked3.—Itseemsthatsheisthinkingaboutsomething.—Yes,shecannotrememberwhatkeyshe___tohercomputer.setB.hassetC.hadsetD.sets

2.Whenyougetthepaperback484.Danny___hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.worksB.isworkingC.hasworkedD.worked5.Hedidn’tgiveuptheplanthoughhe__manytimes.wouldfailB.wasfailingC.hadfailedD.hasfailed4.Danny___hardforlongtor49TrueorFalse:Hehasbeentotheshop.He’llbebacksoon.2.Ihaven’treceivedhisletterforalongtime.3.Ihavereceivedhisletterfortwodays.4.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhadread.5.HehasboughtthecarlastFriday.gonehadhave

TrueorFalse:gonehadhave50這些題目對(duì)了才算關(guān)過喲！1.—Oh,Mrs.King,yournecklacelooksnice.Isitnew?—No,I____itfortwoyears.A.hadB.havehadC.boughtD.havebought2.Hisgrandfather_____forovertwoyears.A.hasdiedB.hasbeendeadC.hasdeadD.died3.UncleLicanspeakEnglishverywellbecausehe_____Englandfor5years.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hascometoD.hasbeenin4.—WhereisMr.Zhang?—He_____London.A.hasbeentoB.hasbeenC.hasgoneD.hasgoneto這些題目對(duì)了才算關(guān)過喲！515.—_____totheUnitedStates?—No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.A.HaveyoubeenB.HaveyougoneC.DidyougoD.Willyougo6.Ihaven’tseenyou_____lastFriday.A.forB.sinceC.fromD.on5.—_____totheUnitedState52用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.

I____(wait)forhimfortwohours.Iamveryangry.2.

He_____(be)adoctorsincehewastwenty.3.

Thefilm____(be)onforfifteenminutes.4.

____youever____(read)thatbookbefore?5.

____youever____(try)tochangeher?6.

Noone____(arrive)hereyet.7.

____thebus_____(leave)yet?8.

I________(nottalk)tohimyet.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空53改錯(cuò)1.HowlonghaveyoubeguntostudyEnglish?2.Ihaveborrowedthisbookfortwoweeks.3.TheriverhasbecomeverydirtysincelastAugust.4.Ourmanagerisawaytoday.HehasbeentoGuangzhouonbusiness.5.Hehasgoneoutfortwoyears.studiedkeptbeengonebeen下一頁上一頁主菜單改錯(cuò)studiedkeptbeengonebeen下一頁54Thankyou!Thankyou!55現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)56現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義用來表示之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系:動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去,但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。

Theyhaveleft.--他們已經(jīng)離開了,也就是說現(xiàn)在他們?nèi)瞬辉谶@里

Ihave

hadmylunch.--我已經(jīng)吃過午飯了,也就是說我現(xiàn)在不餓也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

Hehas

learnedEnglishsince2001.--從2001年開始學(xué)的,現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)學(xué)著呢現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義用來表示之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而其57nowpastfuture一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)表示的是純粹在過去發(fā)生的事情現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài),或者發(fā)生在過去卻對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響nowpastfuture一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)表示58構(gòu)成：

肯定式：主語+助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞.

疑問式：助動(dòng)詞Have/Has+主語+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞?

否定式:

主語+助動(dòng)詞have/has+not+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞.

例句：Ihave

already

hadlunch.

Haveyouhadlunchyet?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven't.Ihaven'thadlunchyet.構(gòu)成：59按要求改變句子。1.Shehasdoneherhomework.(改否定句)2.Shehasalreadytoldusthenews.(改否定句)3.Therainhasalreadystopped.(改一般疑問句)4.Ihavewaitedherefortwohours.(劃線提問)5.HehaslivedinShangHaisinceheleftBeijing.(劃線提問)6.Theyhaveboughtanewcar,________________?(反義疑問句)7.ShehaslearnedFrenchsince2002.(同意句)ShehaslearnedFrench______2years.ShehaslearnedFrench_______2years__________.Shehasn’tdoneherhomework.Shehasn’ttoldusthenewsyet.Hastherainstoppedyet?Howlonghaveyouwaitedhere?haven’ttheyforsinceagoWherehashelivedsinceheleftBeijing?按要求改變句子。Shehasn’tdoneherho6061動(dòng)詞過去分詞的變化規(guī)則規(guī)則變化：

1、一般情況下，動(dòng)詞詞尾加-ed

，如：

workedplayedwantedacted

2、以不發(fā)音的-e結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞詞尾加-d，如：

livedmoveddecidedhoped

3、以輔音字母

+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把-y變?yōu)?i

再加-ed，如：

studiedtriedcopiedcried

4、以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加-ed，如：

stoppedbeggeddroppedplanned

6動(dòng)詞過去分詞的變化規(guī)則規(guī)則變化：6162不規(guī)則變化AB型

can-couldshall-should

will-would

may-mightAAA型

cost-cost-cost

cut-cut-cut

hit-hit-hit

hurt-hurt-hurt

let-let-let

put-put-put

set-set-set

shut-shut-shut

read-read-read

AAB型

beat-beat-beaten

ABA型

become-became-become

come-came-come

run-ran-run

7不規(guī)則變化62寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式及過去分詞1become_______-________2break_______-_________3bring_______-________4build_______-_________5bite_______-_________6catch_______-_________7choose________-_______8cut________-__________9fall_______-__________10fly_______-__________11forget_______-_______12grow________-_______13hit______-______14hurt_____-______15keep_____-______16lend______-_____17lose______-______18meet_____-______19put______-______20read______-_____21ring______-______becamebecomebrokebrokenbroughtbroughtbuiltbuiltbitbitcaughtcaughtchosechosencutcutfellfallenflewflownforgotforgottengrewgrownhithithurthurtkeptkeptlentlentlostlostmetmetputputreadreadrangrung寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式及過去分詞13hit______-_63現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞

1．在表示“表示發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果或影響”時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和副詞already,yet,never,ever,before,just等連用。a）already往往用于肯定句，用在疑問句時(shí)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或加強(qiáng)語氣；yet用于否定句和疑問句。b）never是否定詞，表示“從來沒有”，而ever表示“曾經(jīng)”c）just表示“剛剛”（用于完成時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，與already，never等副詞的位置一樣，多用在助動(dòng)詞have/has和動(dòng)詞過去分詞之間）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞 1．在表示“表示發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成64注意：just:剛剛，與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用justnow:剛才，與一般過去時(shí)連用e.g.IhavejustboughtapenIboughtapenjustnow.注意：65beforeVSago在……之前【考查點(diǎn)】辨析：before與agoago是副詞，“……以前”。它指從此刻起若干時(shí)間以前，常與過去時(shí)連用?！纠洹縃isparentsdiedtenyearsago.before也可以用作副詞，表示“……以前”，常與完成時(shí)連用。也可放在時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前?！纠洹縄haveneverbeentherebefore.Pleasecomeherebeforesixo’clock.①Irememberseeingyousomewhere2years______.②Ihavereadthenovel______.

答案：①ago②before解題思路：①ago常與過去時(shí)連用②before常與完成時(shí)連用beforeVSago在……之前【考查點(diǎn)】辨66現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞

2．在表示“動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，并且一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至還可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去?！睍r(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+一段時(shí)間，sofar,uptonow等時(shí)間狀語連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞 2．在表示“動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，并且一直延續(xù)到67since:(自…以來)1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+時(shí)間段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+從句She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:(長(zhǎng)達(dá)）for+時(shí)間段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:

Takenotes

since:(自…以來)since,for的用法:68注1):since也可單獨(dú)使用,表示“自那時(shí)起”;另外since前也可加上ever,以加強(qiáng)語氣.Eg.Ihavebeenhere(ever)since.Ihavebeenhere(ever)sinceIgraduatedin2000.注2):對(duì)for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語提問必須用howlong,決不能用when.Eg.Ihavelivedherefor10years.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?Shehasstoodheresince2hourago.Howlonghasshestoodhere?注1):since也可單獨(dú)使用,表示“自那時(shí)起”;另69現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成用法常用狀語have+動(dòng)詞過去分詞has+動(dòng)詞過去分詞1.從過去一直到現(xiàn)在，還有可能持續(xù)下去.2.強(qiáng)調(diào)完成，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響.ever,already,yet,before,never，for，since現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成用法常用狀語have+動(dòng)詞過去分70完成時(shí)的4個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)1.Since&for2.havegonetohavebeentohavebeenin區(qū)別3.區(qū)別過去時(shí)4.短暫性動(dòng)詞的使用完成時(shí)的4個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)1.Since&for71難點(diǎn)一：Since&forfor+一段時(shí)間since+過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)since+一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間從句since＋一段時(shí)間＋ago難點(diǎn)一：Since&forfor+一段時(shí)間72用for或since填空Mr.BrownhashadhisTV______15years.I’vetakendrivinglessons_______lastmonth.Mysisterhashadhercellphone______amonth.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme______mybirthday.Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_____years.Tomhaswornglasses_______hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsince用for或since填空Mr.Brownhashad73havebeen與havegone的用法比較

havebeento意思是“到過，去過”，表示曾經(jīng)到過某處，但現(xiàn)在人不在那兒。havegoneto

意思是“去了”，表示已經(jīng)去了某地，現(xiàn)在人可能在去的途中或已在那兒了。havebeenin

意思是“呆在某處一段時(shí)間了”難點(diǎn)二havebeen與havegone的用法比較hav74

ShehasbeentoShanghai.

（她曾經(jīng)到過上海）

ShehasbeeninShanghaiforaweek.

(仍然在上海）

ShehasgonetoShanghai她到上海去了（可能在去上海的路上，或已經(jīng)到上海，總之現(xiàn)在沒有回來）難點(diǎn)二難點(diǎn)二75用have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto填空：1.—Whereisyourbrother?—He____________theshop.He’llbebacksoon.2.—______youever_________toAmerica?—Yes,I___________NewYorktwice.3.—Hereyouareatlast!Where_____you_____?—I_____________London.4.—David_______________Australia.—I’msurehe’salreadyarrived.5.—IsBennyhere?—No,he__________theschoollibrary.Heleftfiveminutesago.hasgonetoHavebeentohavebeentohavebeenhavebeentohasgonetohasgoneto用have/hasbeento,have/hasgo76難點(diǎn)三：與過去式的區(qū)別？I‘velivedherefortenyears.我在這里住了10年（現(xiàn)在仍住這兒）Ilivedherefortenyears.我在這里住過10年（現(xiàn)在不住這兒了）Iwasateacher.Ihavebeenateacher.Icleanedtheblackboardhalfanhourago.

（只說明“擦”黑板和其發(fā)生的時(shí)間）Ihavecleanedtheblackboard.

（說明現(xiàn)在黑板是干凈的）難點(diǎn)三：與過去式的區(qū)別？I‘velivedheref77eg3：HehasboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.

他已經(jīng)買了一本英漢字典。

HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.他曾買過一本英漢字典。上一頁下一頁

第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，想表達(dá)意為：“HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Andhestillhasit”“過去他買了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典”。第二句用過去時(shí)只敘述過去他買過一本英漢字典這一事實(shí)，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強(qiáng)調(diào)說明。主菜單eg3：上一頁下一頁主菜單78二．當(dāng)有一個(gè)表示過去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語時(shí)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而用一般過去時(shí):上一頁下一頁eg:

Isawthefilmontelevisionyesterday.

但since(自…以來)+某一過去時(shí)間或敘述過去事情的從句總是與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。eg：

Theyhaveknowneachothersince1950.

Sincehewasachild,hehaslivedinEngland.主菜單二．當(dāng)有一個(gè)表示過去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語時(shí)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而79Thepresentperfecttense

&

thesimplepasttense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系,對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等,不能與表過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí):只著重說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)，常與具體的過去時(shí)間狀語連用。Thepresentperfecttense&th80Exercises:We__________(study)Englishforaboutfiveyears.We______(begin)

tostudyitfiveyearsago.2.They_____(move)

tothesouthin1990and__________(live)theresincethen.3.Eric_____(leave)homelastyearbutnowhe_______(come)back.havestudiedbeganmovedhavelivedhascomeleftExercises:We__________(study)81他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。

Nick參軍3年了.

他離開深圳好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。這本書我已借了4個(gè)月了.Hisgrandpahasdiedfor2years.Nickhasjoined

thearmyfor3years.HehasleftShenzhenforalongtime.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor4months.XXXX實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分為:1)瞬間動(dòng)詞(die,join,leave,borrow等)2)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞(wait,know,learn等)注意:瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用.他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。Hisgrandpahasd82實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分為:1)瞬間動(dòng)詞

2)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞

瞬間動(dòng)詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意:瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分為:1)瞬間動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞joinbegin83method1:

動(dòng)作狀態(tài)die

beover

leaveborrow/buy

arrive

begin

end/finish

join

marrykeep/had

beaway

behere

beon(上演）

bemarried

beinbedeadmethod1:動(dòng)作狀態(tài)diebeoverleav84他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。

Nick參軍3年了.

他離開深圳好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。這本書我已借了4個(gè)月了.Hisgrandpahasbeendeadfor2years.Nickhasbeeninthearmyfor3years.HehasbeenawayfromShenzhenforalongtime.Ihavehad/keptthebookfor4months.他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。Hisgrandp