考研考博-英語(yǔ)-蘭州財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-蘭州財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust_______thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworldmarketdemand.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.improve

B.enhance

C.guarantee

D.gear

【答案】D

【解析】improve改善,增進(jìn);enhance增加,提高;guarantee保證,擔(dān)保;gear適合。句意：為了在國(guó)家間激烈的貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中生存,我們必須使我們生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和品種適應(yīng)世界市場(chǎng)的需求。gearto使適應(yīng),所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.單選題

Shespentahappyafternoon______hercoinsandstamps.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.makingout

B.sortingout

C.figuringout

D.turningout

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)makingout“理解；證明；填寫完”；B選項(xiàng)sortingout“整理；挑選”；C選項(xiàng)figuringout“解決；算出”；D選項(xiàng)turningout“原來(lái)是”。句意：她______她的硬幣和郵票，度過(guò)了一個(gè)快樂(lè)的下午。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，sortingout“整理；挑選”搭配coinsandstamps“硬幣和郵票”比較合適。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

The（）ofallkindsofnecessarygoodswascausedbynaturalcalamity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.variety

B.scarcity

C.solidarity

D.commodity

【答案】B

【解析】同形詞辨析題。variety“多樣”；scarcity“不足；缺乏”；solidarity“團(tuán)結(jié)”；commodity“商品”；根據(jù)naturalcalamity“自然災(zāi)害”可知此處應(yīng)該說(shuō)的是各種必需品的“缺乏”，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。句意為：各種必需品的缺乏是自然災(zāi)難造成的。

4.單選題

IdeasabouteducationarechangingintheUnitedStates.Educationtodayisnotjustahighschooldiplomaoracollegedegree.Manyadultsarenotinterestedingoingtocollege.Theyareinterestedinotherkindsoflearning.Forthem,learningdoesnotendwithadiploma.

Continuingeducationgivestheseadultstheopportunitytoincreasetheirknowledgeabouttheirownfieldortolearnaboutanewfield.Italsogivesthemachancetoimprovetheiroldskillsortolearnnewones.

Secretaries,mechanics,andbarberscantakeclassestoimprovetheirworkskills.Nursescantakeclassestoincreasetheirknowledgeofnursing.Iftheyknowmoreorlearnmore,thentheycangetabetterjoborearnmoremoney.

Continuingeducationclassesgivesomeadultsthechancetolearnnewskills.Thereisusuallyalargevarietyofclassestochoosefrom,typing,foreigncooking,photography,autorepair,furniturerepair,orswimming.Theseareonlysomeoftheclassesavailable.

Someadultstakeclassesforfunorbecausetheclasswillbeusefulforthem.Forexample,theycanchooseaclassinalmostanylanguage,Chinese,SpanishorEnglishasasecondlanguage.Thereareclassesinfirstaidorclassesinsewing.Therearealsomanyothertypesofclassestochoosefrom.

Otheradultstakecontinuingeducationclassestoimprovetheirownlivesbecausetheywanttofeelbetteraboutthemselves.Overweightpeoplecanfindexerciseclassesorclassesinnutrition.Otherscanlearnhowtobegoodparents,orhowtogetalongwithotherpeople.Therearemanyopportunitiesforadultstocontinuetheirlearning.Almostanycommunitycollegeorpublicschoolsystemhasacontinuingeducationprogram.Thereareclassesinschools,communitybuildings,orchurches.Mostclassesareintheevening,soworkingpeoplecanattend.Theclassesareusuallysmall,andtheyareinexpensive.

Thousandsofpeopleregisterforcontinuingeducationclasseseachyear.Theyreceivenodiplomaorcertificate,andnogradeformostoftheclassestheyattend.Forthem,learningissomethingtheydobecausetheywantto.

1.Lotsofpeopleattendcontinuingeducationclassesbecause（

）.

2.Someadultstakelessonsoftypingorautorepairto（

）.

3.What’sthemainideaofPara.7?

4.Attendingcontinuingeducationclasses（

）.

5.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theycanalsogotochurchatthesametime

B.therearemanycoursestheycanchoosefrom

C.learningissomethingtheyareinterestedin

D.theclasseswillhelpthembecomemoreconfident

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.getacollegeeducation

B.learnnewskills

C.getacertificate

D.earngrades

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Adultscancontinuetheirlearning.

B.Classesareheldforworkingpeople.

C.Mostcontinuingeducationclassesareintheevening.

D.Adultshavemanyopportunitiestocontinuetheirlearning.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.isexpensive

B.requiresaloan

C.isfreeofcharge

D.doesnotcostmuchmoney

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.adulteducationisverypopular

B.collegeeducationisnotimportant

C.otherskindsoflearningaremoreimportantthanschoollearning

D.continuingeducationclassesteachthesamecoursesthataretaughtincolleges

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第四段：Thereisusuallyalargevarietyofclassestochoosefrom...：有很多不同類型的課程可以選擇。確定B選項(xiàng)‘有許多課程可供選擇‘正確。A選項(xiàng)‘他們可以同時(shí)去教堂’，文章沒(méi)有提及。根據(jù)文章第二段:Continuingeducationgivestheseadultstheopportunitytoincreasetheirknowledgeabouttheirownfieldortolearnaboutanewfield.繼續(xù)教育給這些成年人有機(jī)會(huì)增加本領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)或了解一個(gè)新領(lǐng)域。并沒(méi)有提及是新領(lǐng)域的東西就是他們所感興趣的，所以C選項(xiàng)‘學(xué)習(xí)他們感興趣的東西’排除。D選項(xiàng)‘課程有助于使他們更加自信’文章沒(méi)有提及。

2.根據(jù)文章第一段：Manyadultsarenotinterestedingoingtocollege.Forthem,learningdoesnotendwithadiploma.許多成年人不再對(duì)大學(xué)感興趣。對(duì)于他們來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)習(xí)不僅僅意味著取得文憑。確定A選項(xiàng)‘獲得大學(xué)教育‘和C選項(xiàng)‘獲得文憑’與原文不符，排除。根據(jù)文章第三段：Iftheyknowmoreorlearnmore,thentheycangetabetterjoborearnmoremoney.如果他們知道的多或?qū)W到的多，他們就會(huì)找到更好的工作，掙到更多的錢。確定B選項(xiàng)‘學(xué)新技術(shù)‘正確。D選項(xiàng)‘提升等級(jí)’文章沒(méi)有提及。

3.根據(jù)文章第七段：Therearemanyopportunitiesforadultstocontinuetheirlearning.繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)很多。這句話就是這段的主題句，所以D選項(xiàng)‘成年人繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)很多‘正確。A選項(xiàng)’成年人可以繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)‘不符合題意。B選項(xiàng)’各類班級(jí)是專門為職場(chǎng)人設(shè)計(jì)的‘和C選項(xiàng)’大多數(shù)斷續(xù)教育班都在晚上開(kāi)課。因?yàn)檎n程班大多在晚上開(kāi)班，有利于職場(chǎng)人參加學(xué)習(xí)‘不符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章第七段：Theclassesareusuallysmall,andtheyareinexpensive.班級(jí)規(guī)模一般較小，費(fèi)用較低。確定D選項(xiàng)‘不需要太多錢‘正確。A選項(xiàng)‘昂貴的’、B選項(xiàng)‘需要貸款’、C選項(xiàng)‘免費(fèi)’與原文不符，排除。

5.根據(jù)文章第一段：IdeasabouteducationarechangingintheUnitedStates.Educationtodayisnotjustahighschooldiplomaoracollegedegree.Manyadultsarenotinterestedingoingtocollege.Theyareinterestedinotherkindsoflearning.Forthem,learningdoesnotendwithadiploma.在美國(guó)，教育觀念正在改變。今天，教育不僅僅是一張高中文憑或大學(xué)學(xué)歷。許多成年人不再對(duì)大學(xué)感興趣，他們感興趣的是其他類型的學(xué)習(xí)。對(duì)于他們來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)習(xí)不僅僅意味著取得文憑。再根據(jù)文章第二段Continuingeducationgivestheseadultstheopportunitytoincreasetheirknowledgeabouttheirownfieldortolearnaboutanewfield.Italsogivesthemachancetoimprovetheiroldskillsortolearnnewones.繼續(xù)教育給這些成年人有機(jī)會(huì)增加本頌域知知識(shí)或了解一個(gè)新領(lǐng)域，同時(shí)也使他們有機(jī)會(huì)提高原有的技術(shù)和學(xué)習(xí)新的技術(shù)。確定A選項(xiàng)‘成人教育很受歡迎‘正確。B選項(xiàng)‘大學(xué)教育不重要’、C選項(xiàng)‘其它類型的學(xué)習(xí)比學(xué)校教育更重要’、和D選項(xiàng)‘繼續(xù)教育班教授的課程與大學(xué)課程一樣’原文都沒(méi)有提及。

5.單選題

Thedoctorsaidhisnewstrategyhadstartedto（

）,predictingthatthepatient’sconditionwouldimproveinthecomingmonths.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.payoff

B.pickup

C.showup

D.sortout

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.payoff付清；取得成功B.pickup學(xué)會(huì)；獲得；染上……疾病

C.showup露面；揭露D.sortout挑選；分類

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】醫(yī)生說(shuō)他的新策略已經(jīng)開(kāi)始……他預(yù)測(cè)病人的病情將在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月好轉(zhuǎn)。由本句后半句句意“病人的病情將在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月好轉(zhuǎn)”可知新策略已經(jīng)生效、取得成功了，所以A選項(xiàng)“付清，取得成功”符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】醫(yī)生說(shuō)他的新策略已經(jīng)開(kāi)始生效，他預(yù)測(cè)病人的病情將在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月好轉(zhuǎn)。

6.翻譯題

1.Money-laundering（洗錢）hasbeenoneoftheworld’sfastest-growingindustriesoverdecadedespiteincreasingeffortsbytheworld’sfinancialauthoritiestostampitout.

2.Wearenowinanagewherethepubliccanhaveaccesstoinformationthatenablesittomakeitsownjudgments,andmostpeoples,whohadseenthevideoofthisbeatingcouldnotunderstandhowthejurywasabletoacquit（宣布無(wú)罪）thepolicemeninvolved.

3.Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers:smallportablemachineswhichgeneratenegativeions.

4.Thehackersaresoinvolvedwithdesigningtheirprogram,makingitmoreandmorecomplexandbendingittotheirwill,thattheydon'tbothertryingtomakeitunderstandabletootherusers.

5.AstudvhasfoundthatthesharepriceofAmericanmultinationalsthatspendheavilyonR&Driseswhenthevbuvforeiunsubsidiaries,buitfallswhenamultinationalwithlowR&Dspendingbuysabroad.

【答案】1.洗錢在過(guò)去十年里已經(jīng)成為世界上發(fā)展最快的產(chǎn)業(yè)之一，盡管世界金融當(dāng)局不斷加強(qiáng)打擊和遏制洗錢力度。

2.我們現(xiàn)在處于人人都能獲取信息的時(shí)代，這些信息使人們可以自己做出判斷，大多數(shù)人看過(guò)這個(gè)毆打視頻后都無(wú)法理解陪審團(tuán)怎么可以無(wú)罪釋放涉案警察。

3.為了增加室內(nèi)負(fù)離子的供應(yīng)量,一些科學(xué)家建議使用離子發(fā)生器:可以產(chǎn)生負(fù)離子的便攜式機(jī)器。

4.黑客們?nèi)绱藢Ｗ⒂谠O(shè)計(jì)他們的程序，使其越來(lái)越復(fù)雜，并按照他們的意愿來(lái)編程，以至于他們不愿費(fèi)心去讓其他用戶理解這些程序。

5.一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些在研發(fā)上投入巨資的美國(guó)跨國(guó)公司在收購(gòu)海外子公司時(shí)，其股價(jià)會(huì)上漲，而當(dāng)一家研發(fā)投入較低的跨國(guó)公司收購(gòu)海外公司時(shí)，股價(jià)就會(huì)下跌。

當(dāng)媒體為更多的人提供更多的選擇時(shí)，媒體有助于民主政治，而當(dāng)媒體由燈光信號(hào)站轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闊釋?dǎo)導(dǎo)彈時(shí)，媒體將不利于民主政治。比如，總統(tǒng)發(fā)表的1995年國(guó)情咨文報(bào)告花了一個(gè)多小時(shí)，這顯然超出了大多數(shù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)評(píng)論家（評(píng)論員：發(fā)表評(píng)論的人）所能承受的大約半小時(shí)的容忍度。演說(shuō)結(jié)束后，網(wǎng)絡(luò)評(píng)論家即時(shí)對(duì)演說(shuō)做出分析，批判演說(shuō)的長(zhǎng)度而且“缺乏重點(diǎn)”。然而，從第二天的民意調(diào)查結(jié)果和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)訪談來(lái)看，大多數(shù)美國(guó)人似乎很欣賞總統(tǒng)演講的內(nèi)容。當(dāng)今媒體調(diào)查少，宣傳多

7.翻譯題

Abaseball(棒球)thatlandsinanopen(開(kāi)闊地)sooncomestorestbecauseofitsinteractionwiththeground.

【答案】由于與地面的相互作用，落在空地上的棒球很快就會(huì)停下來(lái)。

8.單選題

（）revealedthesecret?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whowasitthat

B.Whowasitwho

C.Itwaswhothat

D.Itwaswhomthat

【答案】A

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)部分在句中做主語(yǔ)，故用who，該句為疑問(wèn)句，故A項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Allthelivingorganisms,regardlessoftheiruniqueidentity,havecertainbiological,chemical,andphysicalcharacteristicsincommon.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.asaresult

B.considering

C.whatever

D.onpurpose

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)asaresult“結(jié)果”；B選項(xiàng)considering“考慮到……”；C選項(xiàng)whatever“無(wú)論什么，不管怎樣”；D選項(xiàng)onpurpose“故意地”。句意：所有的生物體，不論其獨(dú)特的特性如何，都有某些共同的生物、化學(xué)和物理特性。根據(jù)句意，可以看出C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Fathergaveus（

）consenttotaketheapplesforhesmiledwhenhesawusdoit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.explicit

B.implicit

C.ambiguous

D.negative

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)explicit“明確的，清楚的”；B選項(xiàng)implicit“含蓄的，暗示的”；C選項(xiàng)ambiguous“模糊不清的”；D選項(xiàng)negative“消極的，否定的”。句意：父親默許我們摘蘋果，因?yàn)榭吹轿覀冋O果時(shí)，他笑了。選項(xiàng)B更符合語(yǔ)境。

11.單選題

Accuracyis______totheprogrammingofcomputer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.elemental

B.base

C.fundamental

D.inherent

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)elemental“基本的；主要的；自然力的；四大要素的（土、水、氣、火）”（強(qiáng)調(diào)屬于事物的基礎(chǔ)或本質(zhì)）；B選項(xiàng)based“基地在……的；在……居?。ɑ蚬ぷ鳎唬ㄒ阅呈拢榛A(chǔ)，為根據(jù)”；C選項(xiàng)fundamental“基本的，根本的”（強(qiáng)調(diào)重要性，根基作用等，指重要程度即非常重要）；D選項(xiàng)inherent“固有的；內(nèi)在的；與生俱來(lái)的，遺傳的”。句意：準(zhǔn)確性是計(jì)算機(jī)編程的基礎(chǔ)。befundamentalto...“基礎(chǔ)的；基本的”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Theinternationalsituationhasbeengrowing（）difficultforthelastfewyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invariably

B.presumably

C.increasingly

D.dominantly

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)invariably“不變地”；B選項(xiàng)presumably“大概，推測(cè)起來(lái)”；C選項(xiàng)increasingly“越來(lái)越多地”；D選項(xiàng)dominantly“有統(tǒng)治權(quán)地”。句意：最近幾年里，國(guó)際形勢(shì)日益嚴(yán)峻。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

13.單選題

Therehasbeennothingmoreastonishingintheprogressofwarwhichisreallytheapplicationofthemechanicsofforcetohumannature（

）

thepositionthatpublicopinionoccupies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.to

C.than

D.better

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。nothingmore...than...意思為“沒(méi)有什么比……更加……”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格后面是名詞“position位置”，而前面有nothingmore出現(xiàn)，再結(jié)合上下文意思，故推斷選項(xiàng)C為最佳答案。句意為：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)實(shí)際上是武力作用于人性，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，沒(méi)有什么比公眾輿論占據(jù)的地位更讓人吃驚的了。

14.單選題

InNovember1970YukioMishima,togetherwithsomeofhisfanaticalfollowersfromtheultranationalisticShieldSocietywhichhehadfoundedin1966,brokeintotheheadquartersofJapan’sEasternDefenseForcesarmedwithswordsanddaggers,overpoweredsomeaides,tiedupthecommandinggeneral,anddemandedthatthetroopsbeassembledtohearaspeech.Mishimaaddressedthetroopsfortenminutes,incitingthemtorebelagainsttheconstitutionalgovernmentimposedbytheUnitedStatesthathad,inhiswords,“turnedJapanspineless”.Receivingonlyridiculeinresponse,hereturnedtothegeneral’sofficeandthere,beforethegeneral’sunbelievingeyes,proceededtokillhimselfinstrictaccordancewiththetraditionalsamurairitualofseppuku.AfterMishimahaddrivenadaggerdeepintohisleftabdomen,oneofhisaidesseveredhisheadwithasword.Theaidelikewisekilledhimselfandwasbeheaded;theotherssurrendered.

In1936therehadbeenasimilarrevoltand,thoughequallyunsuccessful,ithadforeshadowedtherepressiveregimeofGeneralTojothatwastostagetheattackonPearlHarborin1941.ThatearlierrevoltistheonereferredtoinPatriotism,oneofMishima’smostpowerfulstories.Herelifeandfictionbecomejoined.TheactofseppukuwasforMishimaafulfillment,“theultimatedreamofmylife.”Bornofanancientsamuraifamily,helongedtodieahero’sdeathinaccordancewiththeancientsamuraicode;buthisweakbodykepthimfromserviceinthewar,andhehadtocompensatethroughbodybuilding(hebecameexpertatkarateandkendo)and,mostimportant,throughthedisciplineofwriting.Inhisshortlifetimeheturnedouttwentynovels,thirtyplays,manyessays,andmorethaneightystories:healsoproduced,directed,andactedinmovies,andevensangonstage.Hisfirstbookofstories,AForestinFlower,appearedin1943,butitwasConfessionofaMask(1948),dealingwiththemeditationsofayoungmanofhomosexualleaningsinarepressivesociety,thatbroughthimfame.

Mishimahasbeencalled“Japan’sHemingway,”whileothershavecomparedhimto“aesthetic”writerslikeWalterPeterandOscarWilde.

1.Thearticleimpliesthat（）.

2.TheaimoftherebelledbyMishimawas（）.

3.Inthe1970rebel,thespeechmadebyMishima（）.

4.Whatistrueaccordingtothearticle?

5.Mishimabecameawell-knownwriterafterhehad（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Mishimarefusedtojointhearmywhenhewasyoung

B.Mishimahasbeenregardedasalunaticwriter

C.Mishimaisapersonwhoishardtodefine

D.criticsallagreethatMishimaisanaestheticwriter

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.tocapturethecommandinggeneral

B.tourgethegovernmenttodeclareawaragainstAmerica

C.toincitethesoldierstorebelagainsttheconstitutionalgovernment

D.toforcetheEmperortogiveupthethrone

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.waswellreceivedbythesoldiers

B.waslaughedatbythesoldiers

C.impressedthecommandinggeneral

D.leftadeepimpressiontothesoldiers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.ThegeneralknewthatMishimahadlongedtodieahero’sdeath.

B.ThegeneralwasgreatlytakenabackbyMishima’ssuicideattempt.

C.SomesoldierssurrenderedafterMishima,sspeech.

D.OneofMishima’saideswaskilledbythesoldiers.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.written“Patriotism,”oneofhismostpowerfulstories

B.writteneightyshortstories

C.published“AForestinFlower”

D.published“ConfessionofaMask”

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講YukioMishima的生平，選項(xiàng)A與原文不符；選項(xiàng)B和D太片面，選項(xiàng)C更準(zhǔn)確，所以本題選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“rebel”定位到第一段“Mishimaaddressedthetroopsfortenminutes,incitingthemtorebelagainsttheconstitutionalgovernmentimposedbytheUnitedStates...”Mishima向軍隊(duì)發(fā)表了十分鐘的演講，煽動(dòng)他們反抗美國(guó)強(qiáng)加給他們的立憲政府。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段“Receivingonlyridiculeinresponse”可知Mishima發(fā)表演講后只得到嘲笑的回應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“TheactofseppukuwasforMishimaafulfillment,‘theultimatedreamofmylife.’”切腹自盡對(duì)Mishima來(lái)說(shuō)是一種實(shí)現(xiàn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)的是他“生命中的終極夢(mèng)想”。也就是說(shuō)他渴望像英雄一樣死去，選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)B在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)C,D均與原文不符。所以本題選A。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“...butitwasConfessionofaMask(1948),...,thatbroughthimfame.”可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

15.單選題

Clothesplayacriticalroleintheconclusionswereachbyprovidingcluestowhopeopleare,whotheyarenot,andwhotheywouldliketobe.Theytellusagooddealaboutthewearer’sbackground,personality,status,moodandsocialoutlook.

Sinceclothesaresuchanimportantsourceofsocialinformation,weusethemtomanipulatepeople’simpressionofus.Ourappearanceassumesparticularsignificanceintheinitialphasesofinteractionthatislikelytooccur.Anelderlymiddle-classmanorwomanmaybealienatedbyayoungadultwhoisdressedinanunconventionalmanner,regardlessoftheperson’seducation,background,orinterests.

Peopletendtoagreeonwhatcertaintypesofclothesmean.Adolescentgirlscaneasilyagreeonthelifestylesofgirlswhowearcertainoutfit,includingthenumberofboyfriendstheylikelyhavehadandwhethertheysmokeordrink.Newscasters,ortheannouncerswhoreadthenewsonTV,areconsideredtobemoreconvincing,honest,andcompetentwhentheyaredressedconservatively.Andcollegestudentswhoviewthemselvesastakinganactiveroleintheirinterpersonalrelationshipssaytheyareconcernedaboutthecostumestheymustweartoplaytheserolessuccessfully.Moreover,manyofuscanrelateinstancesinwhichtheclothesweworechangedthewaywefeltaboutourselvesandhowweacted.Perhapsyouhaveusedclothingtogainconfidencewhenyouanticipatedastressfulsituation,suchasajobinterview,oracourtappearance.

Intheworkplace,menhavelonghadwell-definedprecedentsandrolemodelsforachievingsuccess.Ithasbeenotherwiseforwomen.Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and“feminine”attributestheyshouldconveybytheirprofessionalclothing.Thevarietyofclothingalternativestowomenhasalsobeengreaterthanthatavailableformen.Maleadministratorstendtojudgewomenmorefavorablyformanagerialpositionswhenthewomendisplayless“feminine”grooming—shorterhair,moderateuseofmake-up,andplaintailoredclothing.Asonemaleadministratorconfessed,“Anattractivewomanisdefinitelygoingtogetalongerinterview,butshewon’tgetajob.”

1.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,anelderlymiddle-classmanandanunconventionallydressedyoungmanmaybeunableto______.

2.Theauthorusesthenewscasters’exampletoillustratetheideathat______.

3.Men’sprofessionalclothingcanbestbedescribedas“______”.

4.Whatcanwomendowiththeirprofessionalclothingaccordingtothepassage?

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.understandeachother’slifestyle

B.sharethesamebackgroundorinterests

C.manipulatetheirimpressiononeachother

D.entertheinitialphaseofapotentialinteraction

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.certainclothinggivespeoplemoreconfidence

B.clotheshavenothingtodowithone’sabilities

C.wetendtostereotypepeoplebytheirclothes

D.competentpeoplearedressedconventionally

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.conventional

B.individualistic

C.out-of-date

D.undiversified

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theymustbedressedconservatively.

B.Theydon’thaveanexplicitdressingstyletofollow.

C.Theychooseeithermasculineorfeminineclothing.

D.Theycan’twearunconventionaloutfit.5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.DressingandtheEffect.

B.DressingandPersonality.

C.DressingUpAppropriately.

D.DressingandManagement.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)第二段，一個(gè)上了年紀(jì)的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的男人和一個(gè)穿著非常不合常規(guī)的年輕人可能無(wú)法……”。第二段提到Sinceclothesaresuchanimportantsourceofsocialinformation,weusethemtomanipulatepeople'simpressionofus.Ourappearanceassumesparticularsignificanceintheinitialphasesofinteractionthatislikelytooccur.（因?yàn)橐路巧鐣?huì)信息的一個(gè)重要來(lái)源，我們用它們來(lái)操縱人們對(duì)我們的印象。我們的外貌在可能發(fā)生的互動(dòng)的最初階段具有特殊的意義。），接著就提到了不管一個(gè)人的教育、背景或興趣，一個(gè)上了年紀(jì)的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)男人或女人可能會(huì)被一個(gè)穿著不合常規(guī)的年輕人疏遠(yuǎn)；由此可知，造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因就是外貌在可能發(fā)生的互動(dòng)的最初階段具有特殊的意義，如果穿著風(fēng)格大相徑庭，那么他們就無(wú)法進(jìn)入潛在相互作用的初始階段，因此，D項(xiàng)“進(jìn)入潛在相互作用的初始階段”正確；A項(xiàng)“理解彼此的生活方式”沒(méi)有提到；B項(xiàng)“有相同的背景或興趣”，這個(gè)不是造成這種現(xiàn)象的結(jié)果；C項(xiàng)“操縱他們對(duì)彼此的印象”，文中提到的是人們用衣服來(lái)操縱他們對(duì)彼此的印象，該項(xiàng)不符合題干。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者用新聞廣播員的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明……”。第三段第一句提到Peopletendtoagreeonwhatcertaintypesofclothesmean.（人們傾向于對(duì)特定類型的衣服的含義達(dá)成一致），這是該段的中心句，接著后面舉了青春期女孩、新聞廣播員和大學(xué)生的例子來(lái)支持這一觀點(diǎn)，所以C項(xiàng)“我們傾向于對(duì)人的衣著有成見(jiàn)”符合題意；A項(xiàng)“某些衣服能給人更多的自信”只是其中一個(gè)例子；B項(xiàng)“衣服與一個(gè)人的能力無(wú)關(guān)”，該段表達(dá)的中心意思是合適的衣服會(huì)顯得一個(gè)人有能力的樣子，所以該項(xiàng)不正確；D項(xiàng)“有能力的人穿著傳統(tǒng)”順序翻倒，穿著傳統(tǒng)的人會(huì)令人看起來(lái)能干，該項(xiàng)也不正確。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“男士職業(yè)裝的最佳描述是……”。第四段提到Intheworkplace,menhavelonghadwell-definedprecedentsandrolemodelsforachievingsuccess…Thevarietyofclothingalternativestowomenhasalsobeengreaterthanthatavailableformen.（在職場(chǎng)中，男性長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)都有明確的成功先例和榜樣……對(duì)服飾的選擇方面，女性的選擇遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于男性），由此可以推理，男性的職業(yè)裝應(yīng)該是模式化，變化少，所以A項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)”最符合這個(gè)描述；B項(xiàng)“個(gè)人主義”和C項(xiàng)“過(guò)時(shí)”不準(zhǔn)確；D項(xiàng)“千篇一律”為干擾項(xiàng)，雖然男性的服裝變化少，但不代表沒(méi)變化。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)這篇文章，女性可以如何處理她們的職業(yè)裝？”。第四段第二句指出Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and“feminine”attributestheyshouldconveybytheirprofessionalclothing.（商界的許多女性都不確定她們應(yīng)該通過(guò)職業(yè)裝傳達(dá)什么樣的“男性化”和“女性化”特質(zhì)），后文舉例男性管理者傾向于選擇穿著不那么“女性化”的女性擔(dān)任管理崗位，而一位外表吸引人的女性會(huì)獲得更長(zhǎng)的面試時(shí)間但不會(huì)獲得工作；由此可以判斷，女性在職業(yè)裝方面并沒(méi)有明確的風(fēng)格可以去遵循，B項(xiàng)“他們沒(méi)有明確的著裝風(fēng)格可循”符合題意；A項(xiàng)“他們必須穿著保守”太絕對(duì)；C項(xiàng)“他們選擇男性或女性的服裝”表述不準(zhǔn)確；D項(xiàng)“他們不能穿非傳統(tǒng)的服裝”沒(méi)有提到。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是什么？”。文章開(kāi)頭講述的是著裝能夠給人提供很多的信息，接著就著裝的不同影響展開(kāi)了論述和舉例，因此A項(xiàng)“著裝和影響”最符合文章的主旨；B項(xiàng)“著裝和個(gè)性”、C項(xiàng)“適當(dāng)?shù)拇虬纭焙虳項(xiàng)“著裝和管理”都比較片面。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Everyoneexperiencesfearduringmajorcrisis—suchasfires,automobileaccidents,etc.Somepeopleevenfeelverynervouswhentheyflyinginairplanes.Nomatterhowhardtheytry,theycannotlowertheiranxiety.Someofthemenjoytalkingabouttheirfearswhileothersresentbeingaskedtodiscusstheiranxietybytellingjokes.Somepeopletrytohidetheirnervousness:theytrytodisguisetheiranxietybytellingjokes.Othersbecomeloudandaggressive,attackingpeoplebymakingthemthebuttofcrueljokes,sometimesmakingsomeoneelsethetargetofjokesisanattempttocontrolone’sfears—tomasteranxiety.

Anumberoffactorscanbementionedasimportantinexplainingwhypeoplehaveafearofflying:earlychildhoodexperiences,generalsenseofsecurity,fearofheights,trustinothers,percentageofalcoholinblood,etc.Thememoryofabadexperiencecansometimestriggerthesamefearcausedbythatexperience.Thus,achildmightbefrightenedbythesightofadogeventhoughheissafe,merelybecauseheoncehadabadexperiencewithadog.Abadexperiencecanbethecuethattriggersourfears.Butthecrucialfactorseemstobeafeelingofnocontrol.

Usuallyweareabletosuppressourfeelingssothattheydonotaffectourbehavior.Butsometimesthetensionproducedbyourfearsissogreatthatwecannotsuppressit.Atsuchtimeweneedtodischargethetensionbylaughingorcrying.Bysmilingfoolishlyandtalkingloudly,weareabletorepresstherisingfeelingoffearsothatitdoesnotaffectthewaywebehave.

Becauseitisnecessarytorecognizeaproblembeforeitcanbesolved,admittingthatweareafraidisanintegralpartoftheprocessofmasteringourfears.

1.Tomakesomeonethebuttofjokesmeans（）.

2.Whatisthepositivepurposeofpeople’stellingjokes?

3.Tomasteranxietymeans（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactortriggeringthefeelingoffear?

5.Accordingtotheconcludingparagraph,whatisessentialtogothroughtheprocessofmasteringone'sfears?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.toforcesomeonetoenjoyjokes

B.toentitlesomeonetotelljokes

C.tooffendsomeonebyjokes

D.tomakesomeonebecometheobjectofjokes

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Todisguisetheiranxiety

B.Toattackothers

C.Tocontrolone’sownfears

D.Toshowone’ssenseofhumor

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.toconquerthefeelingofnervousness

B.toholdbackthefeelingofuneasiness

C.tobefamiliarwithtension

D.tobegoodatthesubjectofanxiety

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Earlychildhoodexperience.

B.Thegeneralsenseofsecurity.

C.Thefearofheights.

D.Afeelingofnocontrol.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Tobeconsciousofthewayofmasteringfears.

B.Toadmitthefeelingoffears.

C.Tocontrolone'sfeelings.

D.Torepresstherisingfeelingoffear.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)二三句“Somepeopletrytohidetheirnervousness:theytrytodisguisetheiranxietybytellingjokes.Othersbecomeloudandaggressive,attackingpeoplebymakingthemthebuttofcrueljokes.”有些人試圖通過(guò)講笑話來(lái)掩飾他們的焦慮；另一些人則吵鬧和好斗，攻擊別人的方法是使人成為被取笑的對(duì)象。所以thebuttofjokes指：被人取笑的對(duì)象。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Sometimesmakingsomeoneelsethetargetofjokesisanattempttocontrolone’sownfears—tomasteranxiety.有時(shí)讓別人成為笑話的對(duì)象是為了控制自己的恐懼——控制焦慮?！庇纱丝芍?，人們講笑話的積極目的是為了控制自己的恐懼和焦慮，所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Sometimesmakingsomeoneelsethetargetofjokesisanattempttocontrolone’sownfears—tomasteranxiety.”可知，控制焦慮意味著要克服緊張不安的感覺(jué)，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Butthecrucialfactorseemstobeafeelingofnocontrol.但關(guān)鍵的因素似乎是一種失控的感覺(jué)?！边x項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知：在問(wèn)題得以解決之前，有必要認(rèn)識(shí)它，承認(rèn)我們害怕是控制恐懼過(guò)程中不可分割的一部分。所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

17.單選題

ThevenerablemediaformathasbecomeoneofthemostubiquitouswaystopackagecontentontheWeb.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unique

B.omnipresent

C.effective

D.predictive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ubiquitous在句中是“普遍存在的，無(wú)處不在的”，A選項(xiàng)unique“獨(dú)特的”；B選項(xiàng)omnipresent“無(wú)處不在的”；C選項(xiàng)effective“有效的”；D選項(xiàng)predictive“預(yù)言性的”。句意：莊嚴(yán)的媒體格式已經(jīng)成為網(wǎng)上承載內(nèi)容最普遍的方式。根據(jù)句意B項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Weare___facedwiththenecessitytorecognizethathavingmorepeopleimpliesalowerstandardofliving.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.readily

B.smoothly

C.inevitably

D.deliberately

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)readily“容易地；樂(lè)意地；無(wú)困難地”；B選項(xiàng)smoothly“平穩(wěn)地；平滑地；順利地；流暢地；平靜地；均勻地”；C選項(xiàng)inevitably“不可避免地；必然地”；D選項(xiàng)deliberately“故意地；緩慢而謹(jǐn)慎地”。句意：我們___要認(rèn)識(shí)到有更多的人就意味著更低的生活水平。本句表達(dá)“不可避免地認(rèn)識(shí)到”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

AlargenumberofpeoplefrommyhometownhadmovedtoQingdaoinsearchofwork,withtheresultthatIalreadyfeelquiteathomethere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadmovedto

B.insearchofwork

C.withtheresultthat

D.quiteathome

E.沒(méi)有問(wèn)題

【答案】A

【解析】時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。hadmovedto改為havemovedto?！癐alreadyfeel我已經(jīng)感覺(jué)”是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，因此，前一個(gè)表示原因的分句應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。

20.單選題

Eversinceitsdiscovery,Plutohasneverreallyfittedin.AfterthepaleandglowinggiantNeptune,itislittlemorethanacosmicdustmite,sweptthroughthefarthestreachesofthesolarsystemonaplanewildlytiltedrelativetotherestoftheplanets.ItissmallerthanNeptune'slargestmoon,andthearcofitsorbitissoovalthatitoccasionallycrossesitsmassiveblueneighbor’spath.

Foryears,ithasbeenseenasoursolarsystem'soddestplanet.Yesterday,however,scientistsreleasedperhapsthemostconvincingevidenceyetthatPluto,infact,isnotaplanetatall.Forthefirsttime,astronomershavepeeredintoabeltofrocksbeyondPlutounknownuntil10yearsago—andfoundaworldthatrivalsPlutoinsize.Thescientistspositthatlargerrocksmustbeoutthere,perhapsevenlargerthanPluto,meaningPlutoismorelikelythekingofthisdistantrealmofspacedetritusthanthetiniestofthenineplanets.

Whendiscoveredin1930,’’Plutoatthatpointwastheonlything(thatfar)outthere,sotherewasnothingelsetocallitbutaplanet,"saysMikeBrown,anastronomerattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena.“Nowitjustdoesn'tfit.”Inonesense,thequestionofPluto’splanetarystatusisarcane,theprovinceofpocket-protectedscientistsandsun-deprivedpenpushersdeterminedtodecidesomeofficialdesignationforaballofdustandice3billionmilesaway.

Yetitisalsounquestionablysomethingmore.Fromsciencefairdioramastogovernmentfunding,planetsholdaspecialplaceinthepublicimagination,andhowPlutoiseventuallyseen—bykidsandCongressalike—couldshapewhatfuturegenerationslearnaboutthismysteriousoutpostontheedgeofthesolarsystem.Thedebatehasspilttheastronomicalcommunityfordecades.EvenbeforethedistantbandofrocksknownastheKuiperBeltwasfound,Pluto'sunusualbehaviormadeitsuspicious.

Elsewhere,thesolarsystemfitintonearfamilies:therockyinnerplanets,theasteroidbelt,thehugeandgaseousouterplanets.Pluto,though,waspeculiar.WiththediscoveryoftheKuiperBelt~countlessbitsofrockandiceleftunusedwhenthewheelofthesolarsystemfirstformed—Plutosuddenlyseemedtohavecousins.Yetuntilyesterday,itheldtoitsplanetarydistinctionbecauseitwasfarlargerthananythinglocatedthere.

TherubnowisQuaoar(pronouncedKWAH-oar),1billionmilesbeyo