考研考博-英語-保定幼兒師范高等?？茖W?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-保定幼兒師范高等?？茖W校考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Haven’tItoldyouIdon’twantyoukeeping（

）withthoseawfulriding-aboutbicycleboys?

問題1選項

A.company

B.acquaintance

C.friends

D.place

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。keepcompanywith“與……來往”。句意：我不是告訴過你，不想讓你和那些騎著自行車到處跑的討厭的男孩們來往嗎？選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

WhenIstayedinthecountry,Iusedtowalkinthefieldsatnightandtosee（

）ofstars.

問題1選項

A.thecirculation

B.acluster

C.thefalling

D.myriads

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。circulation“流通；傳播；發(fā)行量”；cluster“群；簇”；falling“下降；落下”；myriad“無數”。句意：當我待在鄉(xiāng)村的時候，我經常晚上在田地里散步和看無數的星星。選項D符合題意。

3.單選題

Shetookupsomanyhobbies（）whensheretiredthatshehadhardlyanytime.

問題1選項

A.inhand

B.athand

C.onherhands

D.atherhand

【答案】A

【解析】本題考查了同義詞組辨析。inhand“在手中；掌握住”；athand“在手邊；即將到來”；onherhands“（雙手）趴在地上”；atherhand“在她手上”，此處表達的意思是“掌握多門興趣愛好”，所以要用詞組inhand，故正確答案為選項A。句意為：在她退休在家?guī)缀鯖]有什么時間的時候她居然掌握了多門業(yè)余愛好。

4.單選題

The（）oftheapartmenttohisofficewasanadvantageonrainydays.

問題1選項

A.vicinity

B.neighborhood

C.surroundings

D.confines

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:vicinity“附近，鄰近；附近地區(qū)”；B:neighborhood“地區(qū)；某地區(qū)的人”；C:surroundings“（周圍的）環(huán)境［事物］；環(huán)境”；D:confines“境界；限度；范圍”。句意：這公寓離他的辦公室很近，在雨天時是一大優(yōu)勢。根據語境可知A為正確答案。

5.單選題

Thetwocountrieshavedevelopeda（）relationandincreasedagreatdealinforeign

trade.

問題1選項

A.managerial

B.lethal

C.metric

D.cordial

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。managerial管理的；lethal致命的；metric米制的，公制的；cordial熱忱的，誠懇的。句意:兩國發(fā)展了（）關系，對外貿易增加了很多。只有cordial符合邏輯和句意。

6.單選題

“Letmesendyouourbrochure”isprobablythemostcommonlyusedphraseinbusiness.Butalltoooften,itcanspelltheendofacustomerenquirybecausemanybrochuresappeartobeproducednottoclarifyandtoexcitebuttoconfuse.Sowhatgoeswrongandhowcanitbeputright?Toooften,businessesfailtoaskthemselvescriticalquestionslike,“Whowillthebrochurebesentto?”“Whatdowewanttoachievewithit?”Thetruthisthatabrochurehasusuallybeenproducedfornootherreasonthanthatthecompetitionhasone.

However,withalittleresearch,itoftentranspiresthatwhattheclientwantsisamixture:partmailshot,partglossycorporatebrochureandpartproductcatalogue—acombinationrarelyfound.Havingsaidthat,thebudgetislikelytobefinite.Theremaynotbeenoughmoneytomeetallthreemarketingneeds,sothefirsttaskistoplanthebrochure,takingintoaccountthemostsignificantofthese.Theotherrequirementswillhavetobemetinadifferentway.Afterall,introducingthecompany’sproductrangetonewcustomersbymailisadifferenttaskfromsellinganewseason’scollectiontoexistingcustomers.

Thesecondtaskistogetthecontentright.In95percentofcases,acompanywillhireadesignertooverseethelayout,sothefinalproductlooksstylish,interestingandprofessional;buttheydon’tgetacopywriterorsomeonewiththerightexpertisetoproducethetext,oratleasttidyitup—andthisshows.Abiggerfailingistoproduceabrochurethatisnotcustomerfocused.Yourbrochureshouldcoverareasofinteresttothecustomer,concentratingonthebenefitsofbuyingfromyou.

Instead,thousandsofbrochuresstartwithahistorylesson,“Foundedin1987,wehavebeensellingourproducts...”Icanassureyouthatcustomersarenevergoingtosaytothemselves,“They’vebeenaroundfor20years—I’llbuyfromthem.”It’snothowlongyou’vebeeninbusinessthatcounts,it’swhatyou’vedoneinthattime.Theimportantpointtogetacrossatthebeginningisthatyouhaveagoodtrackrecord.Oncethishasbeenestablished,therestofthebrochureshouldaimtoconvincecustomersthatyourproductsarethebestonthemarket.

Itishelpfulwithcontenttogetinsidethecustomer’shead.Ifyouraudienceisyoungandtrendy,becreativeandcolourful.Asalways,createalistofthebenefitsthatpotentialcustomerswouldgainfromdoingbusinesswithyou,forexample,productquality,breadthofrange,expertiseofstaffandsoon.Butrememberthatitisnotenoughjusttostatethese:inordertopersuade,theyneedtobespeltout.Onepossibilityistoquoterecommendationsfromexistingcustomers.Thisalsomakesthebrochurepersonaltoyou,ratherthanitsimplybeingasetofsuppliers’photographswithyournameonthefront.Atthedesignstage,therearemanyproductionfeaturesthatcandistinguishyourbrochurefromtherunofthemill.Youmaythinkthatthingslikecutoutsorpop-upswilldothisforyouandthusmakeyoustandout,oryoumaythinktheyjustlooklikedesignerwhimsthataddcost.Gothroughalltheoptionsindetail.Oneofthemmightbethatall-importantmagicalingredient.

11.Whatpointdoesthewritermakeaboutbrochuresinthefirstparagraph?

12.Thewriter’sadvicetocompaniesinthesecondparagraphisto（）.

13.Inthethirdparagraph,whichofthefollowingdoesthewritersaywouldimprovethemajorityofbrochures?

14.Intheintroductiontoabrochure,thewriteradvisescompaniestofocuson（）.

15.Whendiscussingbrochurecontentinthefifthparagraph,thewriterremindscompaniesto（）.

問題1選項

A.Customerexpectationsofthemaretoohigh.

B.Theyoughttobemorestraightforwardindesign

C.Insufficientthoughttendstogointoproducingthem.

D.Companiesshouldensuretheyusethemmorewidely.

問題2選項

A.produceabrochuretoadvertisenewproductlines

B.useabrochuretoextendthecustomerbase

C.acceptthatabrochurecannotfulfileveryobjective

D.aimtogetabiggerbudgetallocationforproducingbrochures

問題3選項

A.betterlanguageandexpression.

B.betteroverallappearance.

C.moreup-to-datecontent.

D.moreproductinformation.

問題4選項

A.theirunderstandingofthebusinessenvironment

B.therangeofproductstheyoffer

C.theiruniquemarketposition

D.thereputationtheyhavebuiltup

問題5選項

A.consideroldcustomersaswellasnewones

B.providesupportfortheclaimstheymake

C.avoidusingtheirownphotographs

D.includedetailsofqualitycertification

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】11.判斷推理題。根據題干信息定位到第一段后半部分Toooften,businessesfailtoaskthemselvescriticalquestions...（企業(yè)往往沒有問自己一些關鍵性的問題……）從這段話可以看出，作者認為企業(yè)在設計廣告手冊時的考慮是不周全的，沒有進行深入思考。因此C選項“設計他們時考慮得并不充分”正確。A選項“顧客對他們的期望太高了”不對，沒有提到客戶的期望，只是說廣告手冊可能會把客戶弄糊涂。B選項“它們在設計上應該更加直接”也不對，第一段并沒有提到設計的問題。D選項“公司應該確保他們更廣泛地使用它們”在原文中也沒有提到。

12.判斷推理題。根據題干關鍵詞可以定位到第二段Theremaynotbeenoughmoneytomeetallthreemarketingneeds,sothefirsttaskistoplanthebrochure,takingintoaccountthemostsignificantofthese.（可能沒有足夠的資金來滿足所有這三個營銷需求，所以第一項任務是規(guī)劃宣傳冊，考慮到最重要的這些。）也就是說他們不可能滿足所有的市場需要，所以優(yōu)先考慮最關鍵的部分，其他的需要用另外的方式來滿足。因此C選項“接受一個廣告手冊不可能滿足所有目標的事實”正確。A選項“制作宣傳冊宣傳新產品系列”；B選項“使用宣傳冊來擴大客戶基礎”以及D選項“爭取獲得更大的預算撥款用于制作小冊子”都不是原文的觀點。

13.判斷推理題。根據題干信息定位到第三段In95percentofcases,acompanywillhireadesignertooverseethelayout,sothefinalproductlooksstylish,interestingandprofessional;buttheydon’tgetacopywriterorsomeonewiththerightexpertisetoproducethetext（在95%的情況下，公司會聘請一名設計師來監(jiān)督布局，使最終產品看起來時尚、有趣和專業(yè)），也就是說作者認為他們只注重設計而不注重表述內容，應該找一個有相關技能的廣告文字撰稿人來制作文字，因此A選項“更好的語言和表達”是最符合的。B選項“更好的整體外觀”，作者說了外觀是精心設計的，因此很時尚；C選項“更多最新的內容”，是否是最新內容文章并未提及；D選項“更多的產品信息”是過度推斷。

14.根據題干關鍵詞定位到第四段Theimportantpointtogetacrossatthebeginningisthatyouhaveagoodtrackrecord.（最重要的一點是在開始的時候你要有一個良好的業(yè)績記錄。）也就是說要有好口碑，因此D選項“他們建立的聲譽”，是原文的轉述項，正確。A選項“他們對商業(yè)環(huán)境的理解”；B選項“他們提供的產品范圍”以及C選項“他們獨特的市場地位”，都沒有提到。

15.事實細節(jié)題。根據題干信息定位到最后一段Butrememberthatitisnotenoughjusttostatethese:inordertopersuade,theyneedtobespeltout.（但請記住，僅僅陳述這些是不夠的：為了說服別人，需要把它們說清楚。）也就是說僅僅聲明是不夠的他們需要被詳細說明。因此B選項“為他們的主張?zhí)峁┲С帧闭_。A選項“既考慮新客戶，也考慮老客戶”沒有提到；C選項“避免使用自己的照片”不對，不是說避免使用他們的照片，而是說不能僅僅只呈上他們的照片，還要有別的東西，比如客戶的建議；D選項“包括質量認證的細節(jié)”也沒有提到。

7.單選題

Thecommitteeis（

）adecisionfromtheheadquartersbeforeittakesanyaction.

問題1選項

A.waiting

B.awaitingfor

C.awaiting

D.anticipating

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞和動詞詞組辨析。wait“等候”；awaitfor這個詞組不常見；await“等候”；anticipate“預期；期望”。句意：采取任何行動之前，委員會正在等待總部的一個決定。wait后面要接一個介詞for再加等待的對象；await可以直接接賓語。選項C符合題意。

8.單選題

TheEuropeanunion,inparticular,Germany,aresearchingopportunitiestohelpUkraine（）itseconomy.

問題1選項

A.spray

B.sponsor

C.stiffen

D.stabilize

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項spray表示“噴射”；B選項sponsor表示“贊助，發(fā)起”；C選項stiffen表示“變硬，變猛烈”；D選項stabilize表示“穩(wěn)固，安定”。由句意可知，歐盟，尤其是德國，正在尋找機會幫助烏克蘭穩(wěn)定經濟。因此，stabilize的詞義最符合句意，故本題正確答案為D選項。

9.單選題

Hewasafraidhewouldhaveto（

）herinvitationtotheparty.

問題1選項

A.refute

B.reject

C.return

D.decline

【答案】D

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。refute“駁倒，反駁，用證據證明是假的”；reject“拒絕，謝絕，指斷然拒絕接受某人或某物或要求”；return“返回”；decline“婉拒”。句意：他擔心他將不得不拒絕她的參加聚會的邀請。婉拒符合題意。故D項正確。

10.單選題

Nowcustomhasnotbeencommonlyregardedasasubjectofanygreatimportance.Theinnerworkingsofourownbrainswefeeltobeuniquelyworthyofinvestigation,butcustom,wehaveawayofthinking,isbehavioratitsmostcommonplace.Asamatteroffact,itistheotherwayaround.Traditionalcustom,takentheworldover,isamassofdetailedbehaviormoreastonishingthanwhatanyonepersoncaneverevolveinindividualactions,nomatterhowaberrant.Yetthatisarathertrivialaspectofthematter.Thefactoffirst-rateimportanceisthepredominantrolethatcustomplaysinexperienceandinbeliefandtheverygreatvarietiesitmaymanifest.

Nomaneverlooksattheworldwithpristineeyes.Heseesiteditedbyadefinitesetofcustomsandinstitutionsandwaysofthinking.Eveninhisphilosophicalprobinghecannotgobehindthesestereotypes;hisveryconceptsofthetrueandthefalsewillstillhavereferencetohisparticulartraditionalcustoms.JohnDeweyhassaidintheseriousnessthatthepartplayedbycustominshapingthebehavioroftheindividualasoveragainstanywayinwhichhecanaffecttraditionalcustom,isastheproportionofthetotalvocabularyofhismothertongueoveragainstthosewordsofhisownbabytalkthataretakenlipintothelanguageofhisfamily.Whenoneseriouslystudiesaxialordersthathavehadtheopportunitytodevelopindependently,thatbecomesnomorethananexactandmatter-of-factobservation.Thelifehistoryoftheindividualisfirstandforemostanadjustmenttothepatternsandstandardstraditionallyhandeddowninhiscommunity.Fromthemomentofhisbirththecustomsintowhichlieisbornshapehisexperienceandbehavior.Bythetimehecantalk,heisthelittlecreatureofhiscultureandbythetimeheisgrownanabletotakepartinitsactivities,itshabitsarehishabits,itsbeliefshisbeliefs,itsimpossibilitieshisimpossibilities.

1.Theauthorthinksthereasonwhycustomhasbeenignoredintheacademicworldisthat（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoJohnDewey?

3.Theworld“custom”inthispassagemostprobablymeans（）.

4.Accordingtothepassageaperson’slife,fromhisbirthtohisdeath（）.

5.Theauthor’spurposetowritingthispassageis（）.

問題1選項

A.customrevealsonlythesuperficialnatureofhumanbehavior

B.thestudyofsocialorderscanreplacethestudyofcustom

C.peoplearestillnotawareoftheimportantrolethatcustomplaysinformingourworldoutlook

D.customhaslittletodowithourwaysofthinking

問題2選項

A.Anindividualcanexerciseverylittleinfluenceontheculturaltraditionintowhichheisborn.

B.Customisthedirectresultofthephilosophicalprobingofagroupofpeople.

C.Anindividualisstronglyinfluencedbytheculturaltraditionevenbeforeheisborn.

D.Customrepresentsthecollectivewisdomwhichbenefitstheindividual.

問題3選項

A.theconceptofthetrueandthefalseofasociety

B.theindependentlydevelopedsocialorders

C.theadjustmentoftheindividualtothenewsocialenvironment

D.thepatternsandstandardsofbehaviorofacommunity

問題4選項

A.isconstantlyshapingtheculturaltraditionsofhispeople

B.ispredominatedbytraditionalcustom

C.iscontinuallyinfluencedbythehabitsofothercommunities

D.ischieflyinfluencedbythepeoplearoundhim

問題5選項

A.tourgeindividualstofollowtraditionalcustoms

B.tostressthestronginfluenceofcustomsonanindividual

C.toexaminetheinteractionofmanandsocialcustoms

D.toshowman’sadjustmenttotraditionalcustoms

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據文章第一段，“Nowcustomhasnotbeencommonlyregardedasasubjectofanygreatimportance…Thefactoffirst-rateimportanceisthepredominantrolethatcustomplaysinexperienceandinbeliefandtheverygreatvarietiesitmaymanifest.”，可知風俗還沒有被普遍認為是一件很重要的事情，但是風俗的重點在于它在經驗和信仰中所起的主導作用，以及它所表現出來的形式上的多樣性。第一段對文章的話題和中心思想做了總體闡述，可判斷出作者認為，傳統(tǒng)習俗在學術界被忽視的原因在于人們還沒有意識到風俗習慣對于我們而言所起的重要作用。選項C符合題意。

2.事實細節(jié)題。根據文章第二段，“thepartplayedbycustominshapingthebehavioroftheindividualasoveragainstanywayinwhichhecanaffecttraditionalcustom,isastheproportionofthetotalvocabularyofhismothertongueoveragainstthosewordsofhisownbabytalkthataretakenlipintothelanguageofhisfamily.”，可知風俗在形成個人行為方面所起的作用與個人對傳統(tǒng)風俗的影響相反，就好像他的母語詞匯量占他自己嬰兒時期被家長所接受的語言詞匯量之比?？膳袛喑鲆粋€人對他所出生的傳統(tǒng)習俗幾乎沒有什么影響，選項A符合題意。根據文章第二段，“Eveninhisphilosophicalprobinghecannotgobehindthesestereotypes”，可知即使在他的哲學探索中，他也無法超越這些刻板印象?？膳袛喑鲲L俗習慣不是對一群人進行哲學探索的直接結果。選項B可排除。根據文章第二段，“Fromthemomentofhisbirththecustomsintowhichlieisbornshapehisexperienceandbehavior.”，可知從他出生的那一刻起，風俗習慣就塑造了他的經歷和行為?？膳袛嗖皇窃诔錾熬彤a生影響的，選項C可排除。文章沒有提到風俗習慣對于個人和集體的影響和利弊，選項D可排除。選項A符合題意。

3.詞義理解題。根據文章最后一段，“Thelifehistoryoftheindividualisfirstandforemostanadjustmenttothepatternsandstandardstraditionallyhandeddowninhiscommunity.”，可知個人的生活史首先是對其社會中傳統(tǒng)的模式和標準的調整。可判斷出文中的custom是指人類行為的模式和標準。選項D符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據文章最后一段，“Fromthemomentofhisbirththecustomsintowhichlieisbornshapehisexperienceandbehavior.Bythetimehecantalk,heisthelittlecreatureofhiscultureandbythetimeheisgrownanabletotakepartinitsactivities,itshabitsarehishabits,itsbeliefshisbeliefs,itsimpossibilitieshisimpossibilities.”，可知從他出生的那一刻起，風俗習慣就塑造了他的經歷和行為。到他會說話的時候，他已經慢慢開始熟悉文化了；到他長大的時候，能夠參加文化活動，文化帶來的習慣的信仰就是他的習慣和信仰?？膳袛喑鰪囊粋€人的出生到死亡，都受到了文化和傳統(tǒng)習俗的支配的影響。選項B符合題意。

5.作者意圖題?？v觀全文，文章開篇就提到了人們還沒發(fā)現傳統(tǒng)風俗對我們的行為和價值觀產生的影響，進而忽視了它的重要性。下文用大量的篇幅闡釋了傳統(tǒng)習俗對我們的影響，乃至于一個人從出生到死亡都會受到文化的影響和支配。可判斷出作者寫文章的意圖在于強調風俗習慣對個人的巨大影響，以引起人們對風俗習慣的重視。選項B符合題意。

11.單選題

Afterthemusichad（

）therewasastormofapplause.

問題1選項

A.diedout

B.diedhard

C.diedoff

D.diedaway

【答案】D

【解析】dieout滅絕，消失；diehard難改掉，難斷氣；dieoff相繼死去，逐個死亡；diedaway減弱，消失。

根據句意，這里指音樂減弱直至消失，所以選項D符合句意。

12.單選題

Salaryincreasesareusefultoretainandemployees,and（

）arealsoamethodofrecognizingtheemployee'scontributiontoacompany.

問題1選項

A.motivate

B.modulate

C.multiply

D.mobilize

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項motivate表示“刺激，激勵，促進”；B選項modulate表示“調節(jié)，調整”；C選項multiply表示“乘，繁殖，增加”；D選項mobilize表示“動員，集合，組織”。

由句意可知，漲工資有利于保持和激發(fā)員工積極性，同時也是對員工貢獻的認可。因此，motivate的詞義最符合句意，故本題正確答案為A選項。

13.單選題

Televisionisoneofthemeans[A]bywhichthesefeelingsarecreatedandconveyed—andperhapsneverbefore[B]it’sservedsomuchtoconnectdifferent[C]peoplesandnations[D]asintherecenteventsinEurope.

問題1選項

A.bywhich

B.it’sserved

C.peoplesandnations

D.as

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒裝句。當否定詞位于句首時，句子中助動詞提前，構成部分倒裝。B選項處never提前，因此it’sserved應改為hasitserved。

14.單選題

Peoplewhoquestionorevenlookdownonthestudyofthepastanditsworksusuallyassumethatthepastisentirelydifferentfromthepresent,andthathencewecanlearnnothingworthwhilefromthepast.Butitisnottruethatthepastisentirelydifferentfromthepresent.Wecanlearnmuchofvaluefromitssimilarityanditsdifference.

Atremendouschangeintheconditionsofhumanlifeandinourknowledgeandcontrolofthenaturalworldhastakenplacesinceancienttimes.Theancientscouldnot,however,seeinadvanceourcontemporarytechnicalandsocialenvironment,andhencehavenoadvicetoofferusabouttheparticularproblemsfacingus.But,althoughsocialandeconomicarrangementsvarywithtimeandplace,manstillremainsman.Weandtheancientsshareacommonhumannatureandhencecertaincommonhumanexperiencesandproblems.

Thepoetsbearwitnessthatancientman,too,sawthesunriseandset,feltthewindonhischeek,waspossessedbyloveanddesire,experiencedjoyandexcitementaswellasfrustrationanddisappointment,andknewgoodandevil.Theancientpoetsspeakacrossthecenturiestous,sometimesmoredirectlyandvividlythanourcontemporarywriters.Andtheancientprophetsandphilosophers,indealingwiththebasicproblemsofmenlivingtogetherinsociety,stillhavesomethingtosaytous.

Wealsolearnfromthepastbyconsideringtherespectsinwhichitdiffersfromthepresent.Wecandiscoverwherewearetodayandwhatwehavebecomebyknowingwhatthepeopleofthepastdidandthought.Andpartofthepast—ourpersonalpastandthatoftherace—alwayslivesinus.

1.Accordingtothewriter,ourpastcanteachusquitealotbecause（）

2.Inthesecondparagraph,thewriterplacesgreatemphasisonthefactthat（）

3.Judgingfromthecontext,thereasonforthewritertotalkaboutthepoetsisthat（）

4.Inthefirstlineofthelastparagraph,thesentence“Wecandiscoverwherewearetoday...”means（）

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.itisverydifferentfromthepresent

B.itisquitethesameasthepresent

C.wecandrawmanylessonsfromit

D.wearenotworkingsohardasthepeopleinthepast

問題2選項

A.humannaturedoesnotchangeeasily

B.agreatchangehastakenplaceintheconditionsofhumanlife

C.socialarrangementschangequickly

D.itisimpossibletoasktheancientpeopletogiveususefuladvice

問題3選項

A.theytriedtotalktopeoplewhoweretocomeafterthem

B.theyknewgoodandevilbetterthanotherpeople

C.theywerethemostemotionalpeopleintheirtimes

D.theyrecordedthelifeofancientpeopleintheirpoems

問題4選項

A.wecanknowhowmuchdevelopmentwehavemade

B.wecanidentifywherewearelivingatthepresentage

C.wecanlearnmoreaboutourproblems

D.wecantraveltoanyplacequiteeasily

問題5選項

A.Ourpresenthaslittleincommonwiththepast.

B.Pasthumanexperiencescanbeusedtoservethepresent.

C.Somepeopleinthepastpredictedthingsinourageaccurately.

D.Ourpresentageisbasicallysimilartothepastone.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據第一段的最后一句“Wecanlearnmuchofvaluefromitssimilarityanditsdifference.”可知,過去可以教會我們很多,因為我們可以從中獲得經驗教訓。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據第二段的最后兩句“...,manstillremainsman.Weandtheancientsshareacommonhumannature...”盡管社會和經濟隨著時間和地點而改變,但我們依舊是我們。我們和古人有著共同的人性,因此也有共同的經歷和問題。所以作者強調的是人性是沒有變化的。選項A正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據第三段的最后一句“Andtheancientprophetsandphilosophers,indealingwiththebasicproblemsofmenlivingtogetherinsociety,stillhavesomethingtosaytous.”古代的先知和哲學家,在處理人類共同生活在社會中的基本問題時,對我們依然適用。由此推斷,作者提到詩人的原因是因為他們將古人的生活寫進了他們的詩。

4.判斷推理題。根據句意,通過了解過去人們的所作所為和思想,我們可以發(fā)現我們今天在哪里,我們變成了什么樣子。這里與過去對比,說明我們現如今的生活有很大的進步。所以選項A符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。根據第一段就可知,本文主要講過去對我們的重要性,過去和現在相關聯(lián),但是過去和現在有相似但也有不同,所以選項A和D錯誤,選項B古人的經歷對現在依然有影響,符合原文。

15.單選題

ResearchersattheUniversityofIllinoisdeterminedthatthe（）ofafathercanhelpimproveachild’sgrades.

問題1選項

A.involvement

B.communication

C.interaction

D.association

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項involvement“涉及”；B選項communication“交流”；C選項interaction“交互”；D選項association“協(xié)會”。句意：易里若斯大學的研究者們確定父親的介入有助于孩子提高成績。本句表示父親的介入，因此A選項正確。

16.單選題

IamtoldthatProfessorAtkinshasalreadyvisitedthissiteforfivetimessincetheareawasopenedtogeologistsin2007.

問題1選項

A.Iamtold

B.hasalreadyvisited

C.forfivetimes

D.wasopenedtogeologists

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。opened應改為open,beopento對…開放。

17.翻譯題

Today,thereiswidespreadagreementthatcloningforreproductionisunsafeandshouldbebanned.Now,thedebatehasshiftedawayfromtheethicsofbaby-makingandtowardthemoralityofcloningembryosfortheircellsandissues,whichmightbeusedtotreatdiseases.Thecontroversypitsreligiousconservativesandabortionopponents,whoregardembryosasnascenthumanlife,againstpatients’groups,scientistsandthebiotechnologyindustry.

【答案】現在，人們達成共識的是，為再生產而進行的克隆是不安全的，因此應該禁止。當前，人們爭論的焦點已不再局限于克隆嬰兒的倫理問題。人們的注意已轉移到對胚胎的克隆上來，盡管由之產生的組織和細胞有助于治療很多疾病。因為保守的宗教人士和墮胎反對者認為胚胎是早期的生命形式，他們自然與患者、科學家和生物工業(yè)站在爭論的兩邊。

18.單選題

Businessandgovernmentmanagersoftenpromote“cleandesk”politiestoavoiddisorganizedofficesandmessydesks，______boostingworkefficiencyandproductivity.

問題1選項

A.forthepurposeof

B.forgoodof

C.forpurposeof

D.forthefunof

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞詞組辨析。forthepurposeof“為了……目的”；B和C選項形式不正確；forthefunof“為了享受”。句意：企業(yè)和政府管理者經常推行“整潔的辦公室”政策，以避免混亂的辦公室和凌亂的桌子，……提高工作效率和生產力。因此選項A符合題意。

19.單選題

Inthatcountry,apersonwhomarriesbeforelegalagemusthaveaparent’s（）toobtainalicense.

問題1選項

A.sanction

B.warrant

C.magnate

D.affirmation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。sanction“制裁；認可；支持”；warrant“證明；擔?！?；magnate“巨頭；資本家”；affirmation“主張；斷言”，根據句意可知在未到法定婚齡的時候結婚需要有父母的擔保，這符合邏輯。句意：在那個國家，在法定婚齡前結婚的人必須要在父母的……下才能拿到證。故正確答案為選項B。

20.單選題

Anyonewhotrainsanimalsrecognizesthathumanandanimalperceptualcapacitiesaredifferent.Formosthumans,seeingisbelieving,althoughwedooccasionallybroodaboutwhetherwecanbelieveoureyes.Theothersensesarelargelyancillary;mostofusdonotknowhowwemightgoabouteitherdoubtingorbelievingournoses.Butfordogs,scentingisbelieving.Adog’snoseistooursasthewrinkledsurfaceofourcomplexbrainistothesurfaceofanegg.Adogwhodidcomparativepsychologymighteasilyworryaboutourconsciousnessorlackthereof,justasweworryabouttheconsciousnessofasquid.

Wewhotakesightforgrantedcandrawpicturesofscent,butwehavenolanguagefordoingittheotherwayabout,nowaytorepresentsomethingvisuallyfamiliarbymeansofactualscent.Mosthumanscannotknow,withtheirlimitednoses,whattheycanimagineaboutbeingdeaf,blind,mute,orparalyzed.Thesightedcan,forexample,speakofablindpersonas“inthedarkness,”butthereisnocorollaryexpressionforwhatitisthatweareinrelationshiptoscent.Ifwetriedtocoinwords,wemightcomeupwithsomethinglike“scent-blind.”Butwhatwoulditmean?Itcouldn’thavethesortofmeaningthat“color-blind”and“tone-deaf”do,becausemostofushaveexperiencedwhat“tone”and“color”meaninthoseexpressions,butwedon’tknowwhat“scent”meansintheexpression“scent-blind.”Scentformanyofuscanbeonlyatheoretical,technicalexpressionthatweusebecauseourgrammarrequiresthatwehaveanountogointhesentenceswearepromptedtoutteraboutanimals,tracking.Wedon’thaveasenseofscent.Whatwedohaveisasenseofsmell—forThanksgivingdinnerandskunksandanumberofthingswecallchemicals.

SoifFidoandIaresittingontheterrace,admiringtheview,weinhabitworldswithradicallydifferentprinciplesofphenomenology.Saythatthewindistoourbacks.Ourworldliesallbeforeus,withina180degreeangle.Thedog’s—well,wedon’tknow,dowe?

HeseesroughlythesamethingsthatIseebuthebelievesthescentsofthegardenbehindus.Hemarksthepathoftheblack-andwhitecatasshemovesamongtherosesinsearchofthebitsofchickensandwichIletfallasIwalkedfromthehousetoourpicnicspot.IcanshowthatFidoisalerttothekitty,butnothow,formypicture-makingmodesofthoughttooeasilysupplyfalsifyinglyliteralrepresentationsofthecatandthegardenandtheirmodesofbeinghiddenfromorrevealedtome.

1.Thephrase“Theothersensesarelargelyancillary”(Paragraph1)isusedbytheauthortosuggestthat（）.

2.Theexampleinthelastparagraphsuggeststhat“principlesofphenomenology”mentionedinParagraph3canbestbedefinedas（）.

3.Themissingphraseintheincompletesentence“Thedog’s—well,wedon’tknow,dowe?”refersto（）.

4.Theexampleinthelastparagraphisusedtoillustratehow（）.

問題1選項

A.onlythoseeventsexperienceddirectlycanbeappreciatedbythesenses

B.formanyhumanbeingsthesenseofsightistheprimarymeansofknowingabouttheworld

C.smellisinmanyrespectsamorepowerfulsensethansight

D.peoplerelyonatleastoneoftheirothersensesinordertoconfirmwithwhattheysee

問題2選項

A.rulesoneusestodeterminethephilosophicaltruthaboutacertainthing

B.behaviorscausedbycertainkindsofperception

C.waysandmeansofknowingaboutsomething

D.effectofsingleindividual’sperceptiononwhatothersbelieve

問題3選項

A.colorblindness

B.perceptionoftheworld

C.concernforourperception

D.depthperception

問題4選項

A.adog’sperceptiondiffersfromahuman’s

B.peoplefearnaturebutanimalsarepartofit

C.adog’swaysofseeingaresuperiortoacat’s

D.phenomenologyisuniversalandconstant

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。根據上文“Formosthumans,seeingisbelieving,althoughwedooccasionallybroodaboutwhetherwecanbelieveoureyes.”對大多數人來說，眼見為實，盡管我們偶爾會思考是否能相信自己的眼睛。然后作者緊接著提及“othersensesarelargeancillary”其他感官主要是輔助。由此可知，作者是主要是強調，視覺是認識世界的主要方式，選項B正確。

2.信息推理題。最后一段作者將自己和狗狗進行對比，雖然他們看到的世界是大致相同的，但狗狗還可以通過嗅覺感知周圍的世界，而人類主要是依靠視覺，這說明“現象學原理”指的是一種了解某事的方式和方法。選項C正確。

3.信息推斷題。根據上文“Saythatthewindistoourbacks.Ourworldliesallbeforeus,withina180degreeangle.”風吹到我們的背上，世界平行的呈現在我們面前。這是我們感知世界的一種方式，而狗狗同樣也能以這種方式感知到世界，所以選項B符合原文。

4.信息歸納題。根據最后一段的內容可知，狗狗可以通過嗅覺標記出貓在花園中尋找食物的路徑，而作者只能通過視覺來尋找。由此可知，說明狗與人感知世界的方式是不同的。選項A符合原文。

21.單選題

NewEnergySourcestotheRescueAspetrolpricesrise,policymakersandventurecapitalistsaresuddenlyembracingalternatives.Willthetrendlast?

Reasonsforthechange

Inhislongcareerincountrymusic,WillieNelsonhasalwaysbeenontheleftsideofallthings.Now,at73,heisinthevanguard.Mr.Nelson,wholivesonabigfarmoutsideAustin,powershiscarwiththehelpofvegetableoil.Hehasevencreatedhisownlineofthiscleaner-burningdieselblend.Hecalledit“BioWillie”,whichisdistributedatseveralsitesinTexasandisgoingnational,too.Mr.NelsonarguesthatitwillhelpAmerica’sfarmers,truckers,andtheenvironmentwhile,atthesametime,reducingdependenceonforeignpetroleum.

WithhighpetrolpricescausingtroublesinWashington,D.C.,everyoneistryingtofindoutalternatives.Soyabeans,canola(rapeseed),switchgrass,anything,isbeinginvestigated.EvenGeorgeBush,aformeroilmanwhosupportsloyallytheindustrialdevelopment,calledlastweekformoreresearchintoethanolandbio-diesel-twokeytypesofbio-fuelsandboldlypredictedthat“ethanolwillreplacegasolineconsumption”.JimWools