考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京電影學(xué)院現(xiàn)代創(chuàng)意媒體學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京電影學(xué)院現(xiàn)代創(chuàng)意媒體學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Shehadsaidlittlesofar,respondingonlybrieflywhen____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.speaking

B.spokento

C.spoken

D.speakingto

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.speaking說(shuō)（現(xiàn)在分詞）B.spokento交談（過(guò)去分詞）

C.spoken說(shuō)（過(guò)去分詞）D.speakingto交談（現(xiàn)在分詞）

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

【解題思路】原句句意為“到目前為止，她說(shuō)得很少，只是在____時(shí)才簡(jiǎn)短地回復(fù)了一下?！备鶕?jù)句意可得，她話很少，只有別人跟她說(shuō)話時(shí)，她才簡(jiǎn)短地回復(fù)一下；并且“她”不是主動(dòng)說(shuō)話的一方，而是被動(dòng)接話的一方，因此，應(yīng)該使用speakto“交談”的過(guò)去分詞形式，B選項(xiàng)spokento“交談（過(guò)去分詞）”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)speaking“說(shuō)（現(xiàn)在分詞）”，指說(shuō)……，不表示跟某人交談；

C選項(xiàng)spoken“說(shuō)（過(guò)去分詞）”，指說(shuō)……，不表示跟某人交談；

D選項(xiàng)speakingto“交談（現(xiàn)在分詞）”，現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，不符合原句句意。

【句意】到目前為止，她說(shuō)得很少，只是別人跟她說(shuō)話時(shí)，才簡(jiǎn)短地回復(fù)了一下。

2.單選題

Theinnocentchildobjectedto（

）likethis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.treating

B.betreated

C.havebeentreated

D.beingtreated

【答案】D

【解析】考察固定搭配。objectto后面要接doing，因此to在這里是介詞。根據(jù)前后文可知這些無(wú)辜的孩子是“被對(duì)待”，所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。句意：那些無(wú)辜的孩子反對(duì)被這樣對(duì)待。

3.單選題

BecausepartsofthecontinentofSouthAfricaarestillcoveredwiththickforests,（）tosomepartsofitisstilldifficult.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.orientation

B.voyage

C.procession

D.access

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)orientation“方向，定向”；B選項(xiàng)voyage“航行”；C選項(xiàng)procession“隊(duì)伍，行列”；D選項(xiàng)access“通道，入口”。根據(jù)句意：由于南非大陸的一些地區(qū)仍然覆蓋著茂密的森林，進(jìn)入其中一些地區(qū)仍然很困難。表示通往某地的入口用access，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.單選題

Ideasabout“spoiling”childrenhawalwaysinvolvedconsiderationofjustwhatisaspoiledchild,howdoesspoilingoccur,andwhataretheconsequencesofspoiling.Theyhavealwaysincludedconceptsofachild’snatureandconceptsoftheidealchildandtheidealadults.

Themanymothersof1820whobelongedtotheearly“maternalassociations”struggledtoupholdtheideasaboutchildraisingthathadbeenprevalentintheeighteenthcentury.Theyhadalwaysbeentoldthatthespoiledchildstoodindangerofhavingtroublelaterinlife(whenexposedtoallthetemptationoftheworld)and,moreimportantly,stoodindangerofspiritualruin.

Atfirst,theonlyapproachthesemotherknewwasto“breakthewill”ofthechild.Thisapproach,cominginitiallyfromthetheologyofCalvin,theFrenchProtestantreformer,wasinheritedfromthesternoutlookofthePuritans.Asonemotherwrote“Nochildhaseverbeenknown,sincetheearliestperiodoftheworld,destituteofanevildisposition-howeversweetitappears.”Infantdepravity,bywhichwasmeantthechild’simpulses,couldbecurbedonlybybreakingthewillsothatthechildsubmittedimplicitlytoparentalguidance.

In1834,amotherdescribedthistechnique:Uponthefather’sorder,her16-month-olddaughterhadrefusedtosay“DearMama”,sothetoddlerwasaloneinaroomwhereshescreamedwildlyfortenminutes.Afterthetenminutes,thechildwascommandedagain,andagainsherefused,soshewaswhippedandorderedagain.Thiscontinuedforfourhoursuntilthechildfinallyobeyed.Parentscommonlyreportedthatafteronesuchtrialof“will”,thechildbecamepermanentlysubmissive.Inpassing,wecannotethatknowledgeaboutachild’s“No”periodmighthavemoderatedthediscipliningoflittlechildrenandtheapplicationoftheproverb“Sparetherodandspoilthechild.”

Byfreeingthechildfromitsevilnature,parentsbelievedtheycouldthenguidethechildintoacquiringtherightcharactertraits,suchashonesty,industriousnessandsobriety.Thesemoralprinciplesfixedinthechild’scharacter,weretogovernitthroughoutlife,inasocietywherefreeenterprise,individualeffort,andcompetitionwerebelievedtobetherulingforces.

1.Whentheauthortalksaboutideasconsideredin“thespoilingofchildren”,hedoesnotinclude______.

2.Accordingtothearticle,themothersof1820weredeterminedto______.

3.Calvinismentionedinthisarticletoshow______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thenatureofachild

B.attitudesofspoiledchildrenwhentheybecomeadults

C.reasonswhyspoilingoccurs

D.consequencesfromspoilingachild

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.developindependenceintheirchildren

B.avoidexposingtheirchildrentospiritualruin

C.broadentheexperiencesoftheirchildren

D.setgoodexamplesoftheirchildren

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thederivationofthesternoutlookofthePuritans

B.Frenchinfluenceinthedisciplineofchildren

C.adissentingviewinthespoilingchildren

D.howthereformationmoderatedtheseverediscipline

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段Ideasabout“spoiling”childrenhawalwaysinvolvedconsiderationofjustwhatisaspoiledchild,howdoesspoilingoccur,andwhataretheconsequencesofspoiling.Theyhavealwaysincludedconceptsofachild’snatureandconceptsoftheidealchildandtheidealadults.（關(guān)于“溺愛(ài)”孩子的觀點(diǎn)總是涉及到什么是被寵壞的孩子，溺愛(ài)是如何發(fā)生的，溺愛(ài)的后果是什么。他們總是包括孩子的本性的概念和理想的孩子和理想的成人的概念）。B選項(xiàng)“被寵壞的孩子長(zhǎng)大成人后的態(tài)度”，文章所說(shuō)的是理想的成人的概念，B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“孩子的天性”，文中提到孩子的天性，A選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“發(fā)生溺愛(ài)的原因”，文章有所提到，C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“溺愛(ài)孩子的后果”，在文章中有所體現(xiàn)，D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。我們可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Theyhadalwaysbeentoldthatthespoiledchildstoodindangerofhavingtroublelaterinlifeand,moreimportantly,stoodindangerofspiritualruin.（他們總是被告知，被寵壞的孩子在以后的生活中會(huì)有麻煩，更重要的是，有精神毀滅的危險(xiǎn)）。B選項(xiàng)“避免讓他們的孩子受到精神的毀滅”，文章所說(shuō)，被寵壞的孩子會(huì)有精神毀滅的危險(xiǎn)，可推測(cè)1820年的母親會(huì)避免孩子受到精神毀滅，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“培養(yǎng)孩子的獨(dú)立性”，文章沒(méi)有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，A選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“拓寬孩子們的經(jīng)歷”，文章沒(méi)有提到拓寬孩子的經(jīng)歷，C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“為孩子們樹(shù)立好榜樣”，文章沒(méi)有提到為孩子樹(shù)立榜樣，D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干我們可以定位到文章第三段第二句Thisapproach,cominginitiallyfromthetheologyofCalvin,theFrenchProtestantreformer,wasinheritedfromthesternoutlookofthePuritans.（這種方法最初來(lái)自法國(guó)新教改革家加爾文的神學(xué)，繼承了清教徒嚴(yán)厲的觀點(diǎn)）。A選項(xiàng)“清教徒嚴(yán)厲觀點(diǎn)的由來(lái)”，文章所說(shuō)，加爾文的神學(xué)，繼承了清教徒嚴(yán)厲觀點(diǎn)的由來(lái)，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“法國(guó)對(duì)兒童管教的影響”，文章沒(méi)有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)溺愛(ài)孩子的不同意見(jiàn)”，文章沒(méi)有提到，加爾文的觀點(diǎn)是對(duì)溺愛(ài)孩子對(duì)的不同意見(jiàn)，C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“宗教改革是如何緩和嚴(yán)格的紀(jì)律的”，文章并沒(méi)有提到宗教改革，D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Theinkhasfadedwithtimeandsopartsoftheletterwere（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.possible

B.indelible

C.disable

D.illegible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)possible“可能的，合理的”；B選項(xiàng)indelible“難忘的，擦不掉的”；C選項(xiàng)disable“使殘廢”；D選項(xiàng)illegible“難以辨認(rèn)的，字跡模糊的”。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，墨水已經(jīng)褪色，所以信的某些部分難以辨認(rèn)。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

6.單選題

Itisthroughlearningthattheindividual（

）

manyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.retains

B.gains

C.achieves

D.acquired

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。retain“保持”；gain“獲得”，指通過(guò)努力獲得自己想要的東西；achieve“收獲，獲得”，指憑借長(zhǎng)期的努力實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)；acquire“獲得”，指通過(guò)努力逐步獲得才能、知識(shí)、習(xí)慣等。通過(guò)分析，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.寫(xiě)作題

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonInnovationConsciousnessofPh.D.StudentsinChina.Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.1.Importanceofinnovationconsciousnessinresearchwork;

2.CurrentsituationofinnovationconsciousnessofPh.D.studentsinChina;

3.MeasurestoenhanceinnovationconsciousnessofPh.D.studentsinChina.

【答案】InnovationConsciousnessofPh.D.StudentsinChina

Chinaismarchingtowardaninnovativecountry.Innovationis,sotospeak,China’snationalspirit.Withoutinnovation,Chinawouldhavenofurtherdevelopment.Inotherwords,innovationcanpromoteChina’ssocialprogressandincreaseitsproductivity.ItssocialprogressandincreaseinproductivitydependtoalargeextentonscientificinnovationofitsPh.D.candidates.Ph.D.candidates’innovationconsciousnessplaysanimportantroleindoingtheirresearchworkwell.

ThereisnogainsayingthefactthattheoverwhelmingmajorityofPh.D.candidateswithinnovationconsciousnessinChinahaveputforwardalotofinnovativeviewpointsordevelopedplentyofinnovativeproducts,whichareundoubtedlyconducivetotheconstructionofoursocialistmodernization.Butfranklyspeaking,somePh.D.candidateslackinnovationconsciousness.TheytendtodowhattheyaretoldtodobytheirPh.D.supervisors.Theyrespecttheirsupervisorssomuchsothattheydonotdaretoenjoytoomuchacademicfreedom,tosaynothingofputtingforwardviewpointsquitedifferentfromtheirsupervisors’eveniftheirsarereasonable.Otherwise,theymayoffendtheirsupervisorsandmaynotbeallowedtoearntheirdoctor’sdegrees.SuchaphenomenonisundoubtedlybadforthecultivationofinnovationconsciousnessofPh.D.candidatesinChina.

HereI’dliketomakesomesuggestionsonhowtoenhanceinnovationconsciousnessofPh.D.candidatesinChina.Inthefirstplace,weshouldcreateexcellentacademicatmosphereforPh.D.candidates.Weshouldencouragethosewithacademiccouragetoproposecreativescientificideasconflictingwithorevenentirelycontrarytoold-fashionedones.Inthesecondplace,weshouldawardprizestoPh.D.candidateswhohavecreatedinnovativeproductsandtheirsupervisors.Lastbutnotleast,weshouldnotletthosewhohavenocreativeideasintheirdissertationsgettheirdoctor’sdegrees.

8.單選題

Itisunfairto（

）fromthesetwoincidentsandsaythatallyoungmenarerecklessdrivers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deduce

B.generalize

C.minimize

D.transfer

【答案】A

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deduce“推論”；generalize“概括，推廣”；minimize“使減到最少；最小化”；transfer“轉(zhuǎn)讓，轉(zhuǎn)接”。句意：從這兩件事來(lái)推斷是不公平的，說(shuō)所有的年輕人都是莽撞的司機(jī)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

Hewouldn’teventhinkofwearingclothes;（）theymakehimlooksoold!

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.same

B.despite

C.such

D.that

【答案】D

【解析】用that從句表原因，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

10.單選題

It’sgoodtoknowthatquiteafewpopularEnglishexpressionsactually（）fromtheBible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acquire

B.result

C.obtain

D.derive

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)acquire表示“獲得，取得”；B選項(xiàng)result表示“結(jié)果，導(dǎo)致”；C選項(xiàng)obtain表示“獲得，取得”；D選項(xiàng)derive表示“源于，得自”。根據(jù)句意可知，很多流行的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)實(shí)際上來(lái)自圣經(jīng)。因此，本題選擇D項(xiàng)最符合句意。

11.單選題

Thepurposeofthelecturewasto（

）themassesoftheUnitedStateswiththeelementaryproblemsofLatinAmerica.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inform

B.acquaint

C.instruct

D.announce

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。inform“通知”；acquaint“了解”；instruct“通知，指導(dǎo)”；announce“宣布”。句意：講座的目的是為了使美國(guó)大眾了解拉丁美洲的基本問(wèn)題。acquaintsb.withsth.“使某人了解某事”。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

12.單選題

Thisisanexcitingareaofstudy,andone________whichnewapplicationsarebeingdiscoveredalmostdaily.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.from

B.by

C.in

D.through

【答案】C

【解析】考查介詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)“從……地方”；B選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)……”；C選項(xiàng)“在……里面”；D選項(xiàng)“穿過(guò)，憑借”。句意：這是一個(gè)令人激動(dòng)的學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域，（）這里幾乎每天都能發(fā)現(xiàn)新的應(yīng)用。根據(jù)新應(yīng)用是在某個(gè)領(lǐng)域里面被發(fā)現(xiàn)，所以答案選C。

13.單選題

Heusescolor,lightandformquitedifferentlyfromtheconventionalstyleofhis（

）

.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.descendants

B.predecessors

C.successors

D.ancestors

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)descendant“子孫，后裔”；B選項(xiàng)predecessor“前任，前輩”；C選項(xiàng)successor“后繼者，繼承人”；D選項(xiàng)ancestor“祖宗，祖先”，分析空格前后的句子成分，是一個(gè)所有格短語(yǔ)，充當(dāng)介詞from的賓語(yǔ)，意思可以理解為“前輩的傳統(tǒng)表達(dá)方式”，句意為：他在色彩、光線和形式方面，做法完全不同于他前輩的傳統(tǒng)方式。故正確答案選B。

14.單選題

TherehewasAmerica’sfirstPresidentwithaMBA,themanwholovestoboastabouthisbusinessbackground,whosepresidentialcampaignraisedunprecedentedsumsfromcorporateWalletsandwhosecabinetisstuffedwithchiefexecutives.FaithintheintegrityofAmericanbusinessleaderswasbeingundermined,GeorgeBushsaidfiercely,byexecutives“breachingtrustandabusingpower.”Itwastimefor“anewethicofpersonalresponsibilityinthebusinesscommunity”.Hewasgoingto“endthedaysofcookingthebooks,shadingthetruthandbreakingourlaws”.

Onlymonthsago,theideathatGeorgeBushwouldpubliclylambasteAmerica’scooperatebosseswaslaughable.Asacandidate,bornonthewaveofadecade-longeconomicboomandanunprecedented18-yearbullmarket,hecashedinonAmerican’sloveaffairwithcorporatesuccess.Butthingsaredifferentnow.Thestockmarketbubblehasburstand,despitesignsofeconomicrecovery,WallStreetseemstobesunkingloom.AstringofscandalsatsomeofAmerica’smosthigh-flyingfirmsincludingEnron,Xerox.Tyco,GlobalCrossingandmostrecently,WorldComhasradicallychangedthepublicmood.

Aspoliticalpressureforreformincreases,sotoodoestheheatonMr.Bush.Isthebusinessman’spresidentreallypreparedtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform?DespitethesetjawandaggrievedtoneinNewYork.Probablynot,Mr.Bushthinksthecurrentcrisisstemsfromafewbad-applechiefexecutivesratherthanthesystemasawhole.Hencehefocusesontoughpenaltiesforcorruptbusinessmenandhispleaforhigherethicalstandards.Thepresidentannouncedthecreationofafinancial-crimesSWATteam,attheJusticeDepartmenttorootoutcorporatefraud,andwantstodoublethemaximumprisonsentenceforfinancialfraudfromfivetotenyears.Butheofferedfewconcretesuggestionsforsystemicreform:littlementionofchangestostrengthenshareholders’rights,notevenanendorsementoftheSenatecorporate-reformbill.TherearefewsignsyetthatcleaningupcorporateAmericaisanissuethatanimatesthevoters.PollsshowthatAmericanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessleaders,butpoliticiansdonotseemtobesufferingasaresult.Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingshavefallenfromtheirsky-highs,buttheyarestillverystrong.

Thepresident,therefore,needdonomorethantalktough.ThisalonewillconvinceordinaryAmericansthatheisontopoftheissue.Astheeconomyreboundsandpublicoutagesubsides,theClamorforchangewillbequieter.Democraticattackswillfizzle,andfar-reachingreformbillswillbewatereddownbeforetheybecomelaw.Politically,thegamblemakessense.UnfortunatelyforAmericancapitalism,agreatopportunitywillbemissed.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

2.WecaninferfromthethirdparagraphthatMr.Bush

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMr.Bushismentionedinthispassage?

4.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsthereformis（

）.

5.Thephrase“agreatopportunity"inthelastparagraphreferstoanopportunityto

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Bushhadtoofferconcretesuggestionsforreformaspoliticalpressureincrease.

B.Atpresent,themaximumprisonsentenceforfinancialfraudisfiveyears.

C.ItislaughablethatMr.BushpubliclyattackedAmerica’scorporatebosses.

D.Americanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessaswellaspoliticalleaders.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.didn'tintendtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform

B.didnotdoanythingatallforthepresenceofthecurrentsituation

C.tookshareholders'rightintoaccount,buthedidn'tapprovereformbill

D.tooksomemeasurestopavethewayforthereform

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Mr.BushisthesecondPresidentwithanMBAinAmericanhistory.

B.My.Bushcontributesalottodecade-longeconomicboom.

C.Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingsarestillhigh.

D.MyBushdidn'tgetsupportinhispresidentialcampaign.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.indifferent

B.optimistic

C.skeptical

D.favorable

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.carryoutreform

B.boomeconomy

C.animatethevoters

D.attackchiefexecutive

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第三段：Isthebusinessman’spresidentreallypreparedtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform?DespitethesetjawandaggrievedtoneinNewYork.Probablynot,雖然在紐約他緊咬牙關(guān)，語(yǔ)氣堅(jiān)決，但很有可能他不會(huì)推行改革。確定A選項(xiàng)‘Bushhadtoofferconcretesuggestionsforreformaspoliticalpressureincrease.隨著政治壓力的增加，布什不得不提出具體的改革建議?！e(cuò)誤，排除。根據(jù)第三段“wantstodoublethemaximumprisonsentenceforfinancialfraudfromfivetotenyears.希望將金融詐騙罪的最高刑期從5年提高一倍至10年?！_定B選項(xiàng)’現(xiàn)在的商業(yè)欺詐最長(zhǎng)的刑期是5年‘正確。C選項(xiàng)根據(jù)語(yǔ)義’布什總統(tǒng)公開(kāi)批判美國(guó)企業(yè)老板是可笑的‘，可判斷表述錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)在第三段末尾：PollsshowthatAmericanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessleaders,butpoliticiansdonotseemtobesufferingasaresult.民意調(diào)查顯示，美國(guó)人對(duì)他們的商界領(lǐng)袖缺乏信心，但政客們似乎并沒(méi)有因此而受到影響。確定D選項(xiàng)’Americanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessaswellaspoliticalleaders.美國(guó)人對(duì)他們的企業(yè)和政治領(lǐng)袖幾乎沒(méi)有信心?！e(cuò)誤。

2.由第三段Isthebusinessman’spresidentreallypreparedtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform?DespitethesetjawandaggrievedtoneinNewYork.Probablynot,雖然在紐約他緊咬牙關(guān)，語(yǔ)氣堅(jiān)決，但很有可能他不會(huì)推行改革。確定A選項(xiàng)‘didn'tintendtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform,布什不打算承擔(dān)重任，也不打算大力推進(jìn)改革’正確。

3.根據(jù)文章第一段“他趁機(jī)利用了美國(guó)公司的成功”可排除選項(xiàng)B。根據(jù)第三段最后一句PollsshowthatAmericanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessleaders,butpoliticiansdonotseemtobesufferingasaresult.Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingshavefallenfromtheirsky-highs,buttheyarestillverystrong.民意調(diào)查顯示，美國(guó)人對(duì)他們的商界領(lǐng)袖缺乏信心，但政客們似乎并沒(méi)有因此而受到影響。布什總統(tǒng)的支持率已經(jīng)從最高點(diǎn)下降，但是仍然非常強(qiáng)勁。確定C選項(xiàng)‘Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingsarestillhigh.’正確。

4.文章的最后一段講，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)回暖，對(duì)改革的呼聲會(huì)越來(lái)越弱。但對(duì)美國(guó)的資本主義來(lái)講，卻錯(cuò)失了個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)。從中可以看出，作者是很希望改革的，他是贊同改革的。所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.文章的最后一句話提到“將會(huì)錯(cuò)失絕好的機(jī)會(huì)”，這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)指的是前一句提到的‘far-reachingreform’。所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

TheestablishmentoftheThirdReichinfluencedeventsinAmericanhistorybystartingachainofeventswhichculminatedinwarbetweenGermanyandtheUnitedStates.Thecompetedestructionofdemocracy,thepersecutionofJews,thewaronreligion,thecrueltyandbarbarismoftheNazis,andespeciallytheplansofGermanyandherallies,ItalyandJapan,forworldconquestcausedgreatindignationinthiscountryandbroughtonfearofanotherworldwar.

WhilespeakingoutagainstHitler’satrocities,theAmericanpeoplegenerallyfavoredisolationistpoliciesandneutrality.

TheNeutralityActsof1935and1936prohibitedtradewithanybelligerentsorloanstothem.In1937thePresidentwasempoweredtodeclareanarmsembargoinwarsbetweennationsathisdiscretion.

AmericanopinionbegantochangesomewhatafterPresidentRoosevelt’s“quarantinetheaggressor”speechatChicago(1937)inwhichheseverelycriticizedHitler’spolicies.Germany’sseizureofAustriaandtheMunichPactforthepartitionofCzechoslovakia(1938)alsoarousedtheAmericanpeople.

TheconquestofCzechoslovakiainMarch,1939wasanotherrudeawakeningtothemenaceoftheThirdReich.InAugust,1939cametheshockoftheNazi-sovietPactandinSeptembertheattackonPolandandtheoutbreakofEuropeanwar.

TheUnitedStatesattemptedtomaintainneutralityinspiteofsympathyforthedemocraciesarrayedagainsttheThirdReich.TheNeutralityActof1939repealedthearmsembargoandpermitted“cashandcarry”exportsofarmstobelligerentnations.Astrongnationaldefenseprogramwasbegun.

Adraftactwaspassed(1940)tostrengthenthemilitaryservices.ALendAct(1941)authorizedthePresidenttosell,exchange,orlendmaterialstoanycountrydeemednecessarybyhimforthedefenseoftheUnitedStates.HelpwasgiventoBritainbyexchangingcertainoveragedestroyersfortherighttoestablishAmericanbasesinBritishterritoryintheWesternHemisphere.InAugust,1940PresidentRooseveltandPrimeMinisterChurchillmetandissuedtheAtlanticCharterwhichproclaimedthekindofaworldwhichshouldbeestablishedafterthewar.

InDecember,1941,JapanlaunchedtheunprovokedattackontheUnitedStatesatPearlHarbor.Immediatelythereafter,GermanydeclaredwarontheUnitedStates.

1.Oneitemoccurringbefore1937thattheauthordoesnotmentioninhislistofactionsthatalienatedtheAmericanpublicwas_____.

2.TheLend-LeaseActwasdesignedto_____.

3.Americanpolicyduringtheyears1935-1936maybedescribedasbeing______.

4.TheNeutralityActof1939______.

5.WeenteredthewaragainstGermany________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theburningoftheReichstag

B.Germanplansforconquest

C.Nazibarbarism

D.thepersecutionofreligiousgroup

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.helptheBritish

B.strengthenthenationaldefenseoftheUnitedStates

C.promotetheAtlanticCharter

D.avengePearlHarbor

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.watchful

B.isolationist

C.peaceful

D.indifferent

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.permittedthesellingofarmstobelligerentnations

B.antagonizedJapan

C.permittedtheBritishtotradeonlywiththeAllies

D.ledtotheLend-LeaseAct

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.becauseGermanydeclaredwar

B.becauseJapanwasanallyofGermany

C.afterGermanyhadsignedtheNazi-SovietPact

D.afterpeacefuleffortshadfailed

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Oneitemoccurringbefore1937thattheauthordoesnotmentioninhislistofactionsthatalienatedtheAmericanpublicwas____.有一件事發(fā)生在1937年之前，但作者在他的疏遠(yuǎn)美國(guó)公眾的行為清單中沒(méi)有提到的是____。

A.theburningoftheReichstagA.國(guó)會(huì)大廈的焚毀

B.GermanplansforconquestB.德國(guó)征服計(jì)劃

C.NazibarbarismC.納粹暴虐

D.thepersecutionofreligiousgroupD.宗教團(tuán)體的迫害

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.1第二句，該處講到“對(duì)猶太人的迫害（thepersecutionofJews）”“納粹的暴虐（barbarismoftheNazis）”以及“德國(guó)征服計(jì)劃（theplansofGermany…forworldconquest）”。B、C、D都有提到，只有A沒(méi)有。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)國(guó)會(huì)大廈的焚毀，屬于無(wú)中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheLend-LeaseActwasdesignedto____.租借法案的目的是____。

A.helptheBritishA.幫助英國(guó)

B.strengthenthenationaldefenseoftheUnitedStatesB.加強(qiáng)美國(guó)的國(guó)防

C.promotetheAtlanticCharterC.促進(jìn)《大西洋憲章》

D.avengePearlHarborD.珍珠港報(bào)仇

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息詞Lend-LeaseAct可定位到倒數(shù)第二段1941處，該處講到“這項(xiàng)法案的目的是為了保衛(wèi)美國(guó)（forthedefenseoftheUnitedStates）”。換言之，就是加強(qiáng)美國(guó)的國(guó)防。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“幫助英國(guó)”，這個(gè)法案頒布后確實(shí)給英國(guó)提供了幫助，但是這不是美國(guó)的根本目的。A選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置；

C選項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)《大西洋憲章》”，文中沒(méi)有提到，C選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“珍珠港報(bào)仇”，文中沒(méi)有提及兩者的關(guān)系，D選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Americanpolicyduringtheyears1935-1936maybedescribedasbeing____.美國(guó)在1935-1936年間的政策可以被描述為_(kāi)___。

A.watchfulA.注意的；警惕的

B.isolationistB.孤立主義的

C.peacefulC.和平的，愛(ài)好和平的

D.indifferentD.冷淡的，不關(guān)心的

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞1935-1936與題干信息詞Americanpolicy可定位到Para.3第一句，該處講到“1935-1936的中立法案（TheNeutralityActsof1935and1936）”。還講到“美國(guó)人民普遍支持孤立政策（theAmericanpeoplegenerallyfavoredisolationistpoliciesandneutrality）”。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“注意的”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“和平的”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“冷淡的”，屬于無(wú)中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheNeutralityActof1939____.1939年《中立法案》____。

A.permittedthesellingofarmstobelligerentnationsA.允許向交戰(zhàn)國(guó)家出售武器

B.antagonizedJapanB.對(duì)抗日本

C.permittedtheBritishtotradeonlywiththeAlliesC.允許英國(guó)只與協(xié)約國(guó)進(jìn)行貿(mào)易

D.ledtotheLend-LeaseActD.導(dǎo)致了《租借法案》的出臺(tái)

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息詞TheNeutralityActof1939可定位到倒數(shù)第三段第二句，該處講到“廢棄了武器禁運(yùn)，允許向交戰(zhàn)國(guó)家‘現(xiàn)購(gòu)自運(yùn)’出口武器”。換言之，允許對(duì)交戰(zhàn)國(guó)家出口武器。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)抗日本”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“允許英國(guó)只與協(xié)約國(guó)進(jìn)行貿(mào)易”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致了《租借法案》的出臺(tái)”，文中沒(méi)有提及兩者關(guān)系，D選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WeenteredthewaragainstGermany____.我們參加了對(duì)德戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)____。

A.becauseGermanydeclaredwarA.因?yàn)榈聡?guó)宣戰(zhàn)了

B.becauseJapanwasanallyofGermanyB.因?yàn)槿毡臼堑聡?guó)的盟友

C.afterGermanyhadsignedtheNazi-Soviet

C.在德國(guó)簽署了納粹—蘇聯(lián)條約之后

D.afterpeacefuleffortshadfailedD.在和平努力失敗之后

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段，該處講到“GermanydeclaredwarontheUnitedStates.”。因?yàn)榍拔囊恢敝v到美國(guó)處于中立狀態(tài)，所以德國(guó)宣戰(zhàn)后美國(guó)才參加了對(duì)德戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿毡臼堑聡?guó)的盟友”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“在德國(guó)簽署了納粹-蘇聯(lián)條約之后”，文中沒(méi)有提過(guò)，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“在和平努力失敗之后”，文中美國(guó)一直處于中立狀態(tài)，沒(méi)有進(jìn)行和平努力，屬于無(wú)中生有。

16.單選題

Themeasuresarelittlemorethan____thatwillfadefastonceinvestorstakeahardlookatthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.blindfaith

B.windowdressing

C.goodimpression

D.winningimage

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“blindfaith”，意為“盲目的信念”；B選項(xiàng)“windowdressing”，意為“裝點(diǎn)門(mén)面”；C選項(xiàng)“goodimpression”，意為“好的印象”；D選項(xiàng)“winningimage”意為“贏者的形象”，句意：這些措施不過(guò)是裝點(diǎn)門(mén)面，一旦投資者仔細(xì)觀察，它們很快就會(huì)消失。因此，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.單選題

Mr.Bloomisnot____now,buthewillbefamoussomeday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.significant

B.dominant

C.magnificent

D.prominent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析與上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)significant“明顯的，意義重大的”；B選項(xiàng)dominant“占優(yōu)勢(shì)的；顯性的，生物專業(yè)名詞”；C選項(xiàng)magnificent“壯麗的，宏偉的，值得贊揚(yáng)的”；D選項(xiàng)prominent“著名的，重要的，杰出的”。句意：雖然布朗（Bloom）先生現(xiàn)在不____，但他總有一天會(huì)出名的。根據(jù)后一個(gè)分句推斷，前一個(gè)分句是說(shuō)布朗先生現(xiàn)在不出名。D選項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

18.單選題

Therecent（）surroundinganewlawconcernedwithgaysinArizonarevealshowdeeplydividedthestatecanbe.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.construction

B.concentration

C.constraint

D.controversy

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。construction建造；concentration專注；constraint約束，局促；controversy爭(zhēng)論，論戰(zhàn)。由deeplydivided深深地分裂可推知空格處應(yīng)填D項(xiàng)“爭(zhēng)議”。句意：最近在亞利桑那州圍繞著一項(xiàng)關(guān)于同性戀的新法律的爭(zhēng)議，揭示了這個(gè)州是多么的分裂。

19.單選題

Hehasbeen（）alotofpressureonmetochangemymind.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.employing

B.exerting

C.endeavoring

D.aspiring

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。exertpressureon...表示“給……施加壓力”。句意：他對(duì)我施加了很大的壓力，要求我改變主意。結(jié)合句意，故B為正確答案。

20.填空題

Lookingatthosestars,Igrasped,forthefirsttimeinmylife,theawesomeconceptof_______.(finite)

【答案】infinity

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】名詞。

【解題思路】conceptof_______是名詞所有格，橫線處應(yīng)該是名詞，結(jié)合在看星星的語(yǔ)境，infinity意思為“無(wú)限”，符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】看著那些星星，我生平第一次明白了無(wú)限這個(gè)令人驚嘆的概念。

21.單選題

Onedifficulty___thecomponentsofeconomicmovementsliesinthefactthatthosecomponentsarenotcompletelyindependentofoneanother.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofisolation

B.inisolating

C.willisolate

D.toisolate

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Onedifficulty為主語(yǔ)，liesin謂語(yǔ)，thefact賓語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，___thecomponentsofeconomicmovements為定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)。本句已經(jīng)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，則C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，C選項(xiàng)代入句子中會(huì)在一個(gè)句子內(nèi)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，導(dǎo)致句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤；difficulty后常接“in+v-ing”作定語(yǔ)，in有時(shí)可省去，不用動(dòng)詞不定式，則排除A，D選項(xiàng)。句意：孤立經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的各個(gè)組成部分的一個(gè)困難在于，這些組成部分并不是完全相互獨(dú)立的。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Simulationswithlargenumbersofinteractingagentsshowthattheybehaveinwaysthatareoftenunpredictable;thepropertiesofsuchsystemsaresaidto“emerge”fromthebehavioroftheconnectedcompaniesandindividuals.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stimuli

B.duplications

C.systems

D.assumptions

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.stimuli刺激物B.duplications復(fù)制；復(fù)印

C.systems系統(tǒng)D.assumptions假定；假設(shè)

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】simulation的意思是“模擬”，即模仿另外一個(gè)事物，B項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合劃線單詞詞義。

【句意】有大量交互主體的模擬表明，它們的行為方式通常是不可預(yù)測(cè)的；這些系統(tǒng)的特性被認(rèn)為是由相互關(guān)聯(lián)的公司和個(gè)人的行為“產(chǎn)生”的。

23.單選題

Whenapsychologistdoesageneralexperimentaboutthehumanmind,heselectspeople（

）andasksthemquestions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.atlength

B.atrandom

C.inessence

D.inbulk

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。atlength意為“充分地”；atrandom意為“任意地，隨便地”；inessence意為“本質(zhì)上，大體上”；inbulk意為“大量，整批”。

句意：當(dāng)心理學(xué)家要做一個(gè)關(guān)于人類思維的常規(guī)實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，他會(huì)隨機(jī)地選擇人并問(wèn)他們問(wèn)題。

24.單選題

Itwouldbe（）tothinkthatthiscouldsolveallthearea’sproblemsstraightaway.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.subtle

B.feeble

C.nasty

D.naive

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。subtle“微妙的，精細(xì)的”；feeble“微弱的，無(wú)力的”；nasty“骯臟的”；naive“天真的”。句意：以為那樣便可以解決這個(gè)領(lǐng)域所有問(wèn)題真的是太天真了。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

25.單選題

Itisclear,allcaveatsnotwithstanding,thatapolicyandideologicalshifthastakenplacethroughoutEurope.Butthisisnotalwaysamoveawayfrommulticulturalism;sometimesitisatransformationbeyondmulticulturalismintoformsofwhatmightbecalled‘interculturalism’,atermthathasalreadymadeitsappearanceinofficialdiscoursesandhasbeenparticularlypopularinGermany.

Onestatementthatsignalsthedifferenceofemphasisinvolvedininterculturalism,beyondmulticulturalism,istobefoundintheEuropeanUnion’sseventhprincipleinthelistof'CommonBasicPrinciplesforImmigrantIntegration';'FrequentinteractionbetweenimmigrantsandMemberStatecitizensisafundamentalmechanismforintegration',andthestatementgoesontomention'Sharedforums,interculturaldialogue,educationaboutimmigrantsandimmigrantcultures',andsoforth.

Thekeypointhereisthatinsteadofamerecelebrationofdiversityanddifferentculturesasinversionsofclassicmulticulturalism,whatisinvolvedhereisthepositiveencouragementofencountersbetweendifferentethnicandfaithgroupsandthesettingupofdialoguesandjointactivities.Thishasalso,ofcourse,beenthethinkingbehindpoliciesofcommunitycohesionintheUK.Atonepoint,theBritishgovernmenthadevensuggestedtolocalcouncilsthattheyshouldnotfundsingle-communityprojects,concentratingtheirresourcesinsteadonlyonprojectsthatbroughtcommunitiestogether,butthisproposalwasdroppedasimposingtoorigidarequirement.Initsplacecamearecognitionthatsuchfundingdecisionssh