考研考博-英語(yǔ)-新疆機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-新疆機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Modempersuasionadvertisingblossomedasafunctionofmarketsthatwerelesscompetitivebyeconomists'standards,andaregenerallyreferredtoasoligopolies.Thesearemarketswhereahandfuloffirmsdominateoutputorsalesintheindustry,andwheretheyhavesufficientmarketpowerthattheycansetthepriceatwhichtheirproductsells.Thekeytoanoligopolyisthatitisverydifficultfornewcomerstoenterthemarket,nomatterhowprofitableitmaybe,becauseofthepoweroftheexistingplayers.Underoligopolythereisstrongdisincentivetoengageinpricewarfaretoexpandone'smarketshare,becauseallthemainplayersarelargeenoughtosurviveapricewarandallitwoulddoisshrinkthesizeoftheindustryrevenuepiethatthefirmsarefightingover.Indeed,thepriceinanoligopolisticindustrywilltendtogravitatetowardwhatitwouldbeinapuremonopolysothecontendersarefightingforslicesofthelargestpossiblerevenuepie.

Atfirstblush,thisisaprettyaccuratepictureoftheU.S.economyofthetwentiethandtwenty-firstcenturies.Theeconomyhasbecomefarmoremonopolisticoverthepastthirtyyears.Itisalsoagoodway,thoughbynomeanstheonlyway,tounderstandtheemergenceanddominanceofadvertising.Althoughfirmsarenotinwhateconomiststermcompetitivemarkets,theyaremostdefinitelyengagedinmonopolisticcompetitionwitheachothertomaximizetheirprofits.Advertisingemergesfrontandcenterasamajorwaytoincreasemarketsharewithoutengagingindestructiveprofit-damagingpricecompetition.

Theelectionrealm,issimilartotheeconomyinthatittendstobeaduopolyingeneralelections,meaningthereareusuallyonlytwooptionsthatcouldconceivablywin,and,asinanoligopoly,theseduopolistshaveusedtheir"marketpower"—inthiscasecontroloverelectionlawstomakeitallbutimpossibleforathirdpartytosuccessfullyestablishitselfasalegitimatecontender.Evenprimaryelectionsarealmostalwaysamatterofnomorethantwoorthreeviableentrantsexceptinaverysmallnumberofraces.Ineconomictheorythisleadstoaninterestingconclusion:asJ.Schorhasputit,thesmartplayforafirminaduopolyistoactliketheotherfirm,nottodifferentiateitself.

Macphersonwasamongthefirsttounderstandmodemelectoralpolitics-thetwo-partysystem-intermsofoligopolisticandduopolisticmarketpractices.“Wheretherearesofewsellers,"Macphersonwroteconcerningpoliticalparties,"theyneednotanddonotrespondtobuyers'demandsastheymustdoinafullycompetitivesystem."Thismeansthattheparties,likeoligopolisticfirms,can"createthedemandforpoliticalgoods"andlargelydictatethe"demandscheduleforpoliticalgoods."InMacpherson'sargument,aduopolisticpartysysteminamodemcapitalistsocietyliketheUnitedStateswilltendtogravitatetoprovidinga"competitionbetweenelites,"whicharethedrivingforceand”formulatetheissues."Thebasicsinthepoliticaleconomyareagreeduponbythetwopartiesandoffthetableforpublicdebateordiscussion.InMacpherson'sview,thetwo-partysystemwasidealfortheproductionofcitizenapathyandde-politicizationandforthemaintenanceofeliterule;i.e.whatwouldbecalleda“weakdemocracy”.

1.Withwhatthemeisthepassagemainlyconcerned?

2.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingparagraph1and2isto（）.

3.Whatdoesthephrase“frontandcenter”inparagraph2mean?

4.Thehighlightedsentence“Thebasics...ordiscussion”inthelastparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat（）.

5.Whatistheauthorlikelytotalkaboutintheparagraphfollowingthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.PoliticalAdvertising.

B.OligopolyMarket.

C.WeakDemocracy.

D.ModemElectoralPolitics.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.statewhypoliticaladvertisingappearedinthetwentiethandtwenty-firstcenturiesinAmerica.

B.emphasizethatitisarealpictureoftheU.S.economyofthetwentiethandtwenty-firstcenturies.

C.statethatthesituationinAmericanelectionrealmisthesameastheoneinitseconomicrealm.

D.explainthattheoligopolymarketeconomyhasaspecialfunctionintheU.S.economicrealm.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Infront.

B.Attheforefront.

C.Inthecenter.

D.Inthemiddle.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thetwopartieswoulddiscussthebasicsinthepoliticaleconomyinsecret.

B.Thetwopartieswoulddiscussthebasicsinthepoliticaleconomyinpublic.

C.Thetwopartieswouldnotaskthepublictodiscussthebasicsinthepoliticaleconomy.

D.Thetwopartieshavethesameideaaboutthebasicsinthepoliticaleconomysotheywouldnotdiscussthemanymore.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.HeislikelytoanalyzetheissuesformulatedbyaduopolisticpartysystemintheUnitedStates.

B.HeislikelytoexplainAmericancitizenapathyanddepoliticizationindetail.

C.Heislikelytogivesomesupportingevidenceofa"weakdemocracy".

D.Heislikelytoprovidesomeexamplesofa"competitionbetweenelites"

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨題?？v觀全文，文章前半部分主要提到了與經(jīng)濟(jì)相關(guān)的規(guī)律，壟斷經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)了重大影響。文章后半部分將壟斷經(jīng)濟(jì)層面延伸至政治層面，提出在政治選舉中也出現(xiàn)了相似的壟斷統(tǒng)治規(guī)律，這樣的民主實(shí)際上不是真正的民主。所以，本文主要圍繞現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的選舉政治這個(gè)話題展開(kāi)的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.推斷題。文章一二段主要提到了在經(jīng)濟(jì)層面出現(xiàn)的一種壟斷經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象，導(dǎo)致供不應(yīng)求。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Theelectionrealm,issimilartotheeconomyinthatittendstobeaduopolyingeneralelections”，可知選舉領(lǐng)域和經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域類似，在選舉中往往是雙頭壟斷?？赏茢喑鲆欢翁岬降慕?jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象主要是為了引出政治層面存在的政治壟斷現(xiàn)象。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.詞義理解題。Infront“在前面”；Attheforefront“最前沿”；Inthecenter“在中央，表具體位置”；Inthemiddle“在中間，表具體位置”。句意：廣告作為一種增加市場(chǎng)份額的主要方式出現(xiàn)在市場(chǎng)的前端，不從事破壞性的、損益性的價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Thebasicsinthepoliticaleconomyareagreeduponbythetwopartiesandoffthetableforpublicdebateordiscussion.”，可知政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)是兩黨一致同意的，不公開(kāi)辯論或討論。這里是說(shuō)兩黨在政治方面壟斷，因此并不是說(shuō)他們對(duì)于政治經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)有一致觀點(diǎn)，而是完全由他們議定，不讓公眾或其他黨派插手。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“whatwouldbecalleda‘weakdemocracy’”，可知在文章末尾出現(xiàn)了Macpherson關(guān)于weakdemocracy的觀點(diǎn)，可推斷出，在接下來(lái)的文段中，可能會(huì)進(jìn)一步對(duì)weakdemocracy進(jìn)行討論。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.單選題

Theyhaveconsideredtheirhighstandardoflivinga(n)（

）forpracticingtheirbasicbeliefs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.award

B.reward

C.result

D.consequence

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。award獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品；reward回報(bào)，獎(jiǎng)賞，常與for搭配；result結(jié)果；consequence后果。句意：他們認(rèn)為自己的高生活水準(zhǔn)是對(duì)他們踐行基本信仰的一種回報(bào)。由空格前后部分的句意可知B項(xiàng)符合題意。答案B

3.單選題

ElizabethHolmes:HolmesiswheretheheartisTheranos'sbosssayshermissionextendsbeyondmakingafortune.TECHentrepreneursoftenhavetheirowndistinctiveuniforms.ForFacebook'sMarkZuckerberg,itisjeansandahoodie.ForthelateSteveJobs,itwasjeansandblackturtleneck.ElizabethHolmeshasplumpedforsomethingsmartermatchingblackjacket,trousersandturtleneck.Itsaveshavingtodecidewhattoweareachmorning,shesayswithtypicalsingle-mindedness.

Attheageof19MsHolmeshadanideaabouttoimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone.SoshedroppedoutofStanfordUniversity,whereshewasstudyingchemicalengineering,andwithmoneythathadbeensetasideforhercollegeeducationshequietlyfoundedTheranos,adiagnosticscompany.Thatwasin2003.Shesaysshespentthenexttenyearsin"stealthmode,withoutpressreleasesorevenacompanywebsite.Duringthattimesheperfectedawayofdoinghundredsoftestscheaplyandquicklyonadropofblood,usinglab-on-a-chiptechnology.

Today,aged31,sheisestimatedbyForbesmagazinetobeworth$4.7billion,andthustobetheworld'syoungestself-madefemalebillionaire.Sheistheauthor,andco-author,ofnumerouspatentsandpatentapplications.YetMsHolmesseemsuninterestedinmoneyorkudos.

Shesayshermissionistousetestingtohelppeoplestayhealthy.Shewantstodetectdiseasessuchasdiabetes,cancersandheartdiseasefarearlier,beforetheyproducesymptoms,andindoingsosavelives.AdmirershavecomparedhertotechnologytitanslikeJobs.Butherfocusonhumanity'sbigproblemsmakeshermorelikeElonMusk,whowantsnotjusttomakemoneybuildingspacerocketsandelectriccars,buttocoloniseotherplanetsandsavethisonefromclimatechange.

ThisweekMsHolmesannouncedthatshewastakinghermissionbeyondAmerica'sborders,bylaunchinganot-for-profitprojecttobringcheapmedicalteststoMexicowithbackingfromCarlosSlim,aMexicantelecomsmagnate.Theranosisstillprivatelyowned—MsHolmessayssheholdsmorethan50%ofitsstock-andremainssecretiveaboutitsrevenuestreamsandplans.Althoughitishardtoknowifthecompanymeritsitsrichvaluation,oneencouragingsignforotherinvestorsisthecompany'sstellarboardofdirectors.Itincludestwoformersecretariesofstate(GeorgeShultzandHenryKissinger)andanumberofhigh-profileinvestorsincludingLarryEllisonofOracle.Ifanabilitytowinoverluminariesisadiagnostictestforthehealthofyoungcompanies,Theranospasses.

1.ElizabethHolmes'missioninbusinessis（）?

2.ElizabethHolmesisalwaysin（）?

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTTRUE?

4.MsHolmesislikeElonMuskin（）?

5.Twoformersecretariesofstateandanumberofhigh-profileinvestorsarelistedto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tohelppeoplestayhealthy

B.toimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone

C.tomakeafortune

D.todetectdiseases

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.jeansandblackturtleneck

B.jeansandahoodie

C.blackjacketandturtleneck

D.jeansandtrousers

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.MsHolmesknewhowtoimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone

B.MsHolmeswasdroppedoutofStanfordUniversity

C.MsHolmesstudiedchemicalengineeringatStanfordUniversity

D.MsHolmesestablishedacompanybyherself.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.makingmoneyintheirownbusiness

B.colonizingotherplanetsandsavethisonefromclimatechange

C.becomingtechnologytitans

D.protectinghumanbeingsoftheworld.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.showgreatyouthofthecompany.

B.showgreatsuccessofthecompany.

C.showgreatstructureofthecompany

D.showgreatpromiseofthecompany

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位至第五段:Shesayshermissionistousetestingtohelppeoplestayhealthy(她說(shuō)她的責(zé)任是通過(guò)這些測(cè)驗(yàn)讓人們保持健康)。因此A項(xiàng)“以幫助人們保持健康”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:ElizabethHolmeshasplumpedforsomethingsmartermatchingblackjacket,trousersandturtleneck(伊麗莎白?福爾摩斯喜歡更時(shí)髦的黑色夾克、褲子和高領(lǐng)毛衣)。因此，C項(xiàng)“黑夾克和高領(lǐng)毛衣”正確。

3.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Attheageof19MsHolmeshadanideaabouthowtoimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone(霍姆斯19歲時(shí)就有了一個(gè)改進(jìn)驗(yàn)血方法的想法)。因此，A項(xiàng)“霍姆斯知道改進(jìn)血液檢測(cè)的方法”不符合原文所述。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位至倒數(shù)第二段:Butherfocusonhumanity'sbigproblemsmakeshermorelikeElonMusk,whowantsnotjusttomakemoneybuildingspacerocketsandelectriccars,buttocoloniesotherplanetsandsavethisonefromclimatechange(但她對(duì)人類大問(wèn)題的關(guān)注使她更像埃隆?馬斯克，他不僅想通過(guò)制造太空火箭和電動(dòng)汽車賺錢，還想殖民其他星球，把這個(gè)星球從氣候變化中拯救出來(lái))。因此，本題選D項(xiàng)“保護(hù)地球上的人類”。

5.判斷推理題。最后一段指出:Althoughitishardtoknowifthecompanymeritsitsrichvaluation，oneencouragingsignforotherinvestorsisthecompany'sstellarboardofdirectors(盡管很難知道該公司是否值得其豐厚的估值，但對(duì)其他投資者來(lái)說(shuō)，一個(gè)令人鼓舞的跡象是該公司出色的董事會(huì))。由此可知，列出兩位前國(guó)務(wù)卿和一些知名投資者是為了展現(xiàn)公司的巨大前景。故選D。

4.單選題

（）sermonsretainedtheirpreeminenceinreligiouslifeduringmostofthetwentiethcentury,theyaregraduallylosingthatcentralplacesaschurchesdevotemoreenergytosocialactivities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.As

B.For

C.While

D.Although

【答案】D

【解析】考查邏輯知識(shí)。前半句中“sermonsretainedtheirpreeminence”表示肯定意義，后半句提到“theyaregraduallylosingthatcentralplaces”，可知語(yǔ)氣出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

AbudgetapprovedbytheEuropeanParliamentfortheEuropeanEconomicCommunitywasdeclaredadoptedTuesdaydespiteoppositionbyministers.ThepresidentoftheParliament,SimoneVeil,signedthe$24.2billion1982budget,（1）theEECintoitsthird

（2）budgetconflict.

Minutesafterreceivinga

（3）fromministersto

（4）thesigningtogivetimetoworkouta

（5），VeiltoldBritain'sFinancialSecretarytotheTreasury,NicholasRidley,shehadadoptedthebudget.

Ridleytoldreporters

（6）speakingtoVeilbytelephone,"Shehasadoptedit,andsheisabsolutely

（7）thattheministersshouldwritetoherinthiswaywithout（8）consultation”.

EECsources

（9）mostmemberstateswouldprobably

（10）tomakefullpaymentstothebudgetasadopted,andtheconflictwaslikelyto

（11）wellintonextyear.

Theministers'lettertoVeil,

（12）afterameetinginBrusselsTuesday,（13）ofseriousconsequences

（14）thebudgetwereadopted.

“Thecouncilofministersappealstoyoutoputofftileadoptionofthe1982budget

（15）aconsensuscanbefound..."itsaid.

Theadoption

（16）sixmonthsoftortuousnegotiationsbetweenthe434-memberAssemblyandEECbudgetministersover1982

（17）.

（18）wasblockedinthe

（19）byparliament’sadditionearlierthismonthofsome$250millionmuchofitforjobsprograms.

Thenumberofpeopleoutof

（20）intheEECinNovemberreachedarecordofalmost10millionorninepercentoftheworkingpopulation,accordingtotheEECstatisticsoffice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.undergoing

B.confronting

C.plunging

D.converting

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.consecutive

B.consequent

C.sequential

D.preceding

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.bulk

B.plea

C.honor

D.grant

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.delay

B.detain

C.prolong

D.extend

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.cooperation

B.combination

C.compromise

D.coincidence

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.since

B.before

C.after

D.as

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.furious

B.cautious

C.apprehensive

D.nervous

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.urgent

B.crucial

C.prior

D.durable

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.said

B.questioned

C.told

D.addressed

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.contradict

B.deny

C.refuse

D.concede

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.stretch

B.last

C.gear

D.proceed

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.outlined

B.drafted

C.polished

D.compiled

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.warned

B.disposed

C.dreamt

D.conceived

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.evenif

B.if

C.sothat

D.for

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.until

B.while

C.although

D.since

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.characterized

B.followed

C.stimulated

D.brought

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.spending

B.provisions

C.survey

D.slogan

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.clash

B.agreement

C.option

D.abundance

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.end

B.dawn

C.event

D.dark

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.reach

B.shape

C.pulse

D.work

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:B

第12題:B

第13題:A

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】（1）考察固定搭配。plungeinto/in使窮苦陷入（或遭受）。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（2）考察形容詞詞義辨析。consecutive“連貫的，連續(xù)不斷的”；consequent“隨之發(fā)生的，作為結(jié)果的”；sequential“連續(xù)的”；preceding“在前的”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵菏笶EC陷入了他們（連續(xù)的）第三次預(yù)算的沖突、矛盾中。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（3）考察名詞詞義辨析。bulk“體積”；plea“呼吁；懇求”；honor“榮譽(yù)”；grant“撥款，授予”。上文提到minister是反對(duì)這個(gè)方案的，所以此處，他是呼吁推遲這個(gè)方案的施行。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（4）考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。delay“推遲”；detain“拘留，留住”；prolong“延長(zhǎng)”；extend“延伸”。根據(jù)第53題的大意，可知選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（5）考察名詞詞義辨析。cooperation“合作”；combination“結(jié)合”；compromise“妥協(xié)”；coincidence“巧合”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐遣块L(zhǎng)呼吁推遲通過(guò)這個(gè)方案的時(shí)間來(lái)找到折中的方法。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（6）考察連詞的用法。根據(jù)前文可知Ridley是在與Veil打完電話之后才對(duì)記者發(fā)表講話的，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（7）考察形容詞詞義辨析。furious“憤怒的”；cautious“小心的”；apprehensive“憂慮的，知曉的”；nervous“緊張的”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵核械胶軕嵟X(jué)得部長(zhǎng)們應(yīng)該直接寫信給她，而不需要通過(guò)先前的會(huì)議來(lái)與她討論預(yù)算撥款的事。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（8）考察形容詞詞義辨析。urgent“緊急的”；crucial“重要的”；prior“優(yōu)先的，在先的”；durable“耐用的”。參考第57題句意可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（9）考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。said“宣布，表達(dá)”；questioned“質(zhì)疑”；told“告訴”；addressed“向……講話”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵篍EC的資料顯示，多數(shù)部長(zhǎng)將有可能拒絕。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（10）考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。contradict“矛盾”；deny“否定”；refuse“拒絕”；concede“讓步”。空格處所在句子的大意是大多數(shù)部長(zhǎng)會(huì)拒絕全額支付這個(gè)預(yù)算方案。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（11）考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。stretch“延伸”；last“持續(xù)”；gear“適合”；proceed“進(jìn)行”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵哼@個(gè)爭(zhēng)論可能會(huì)持續(xù)的第二年。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（12）考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Outline“概述”；draft“起草”；polish“磨光”；compile“編制”。空格處所在句子的大意是：在星期二的Brussels會(huì)議后，部長(zhǎng)起草了一封信給Veil。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（13）考察動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。Warnof“警告”；disposeof“處理，處置”；dreamof“夢(mèng)想”；conceiveof“設(shè)想，構(gòu)想”。空格處所在句子的大意是：告誡如果接受了預(yù)算撥款將出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的后果。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（14）考察引導(dǎo)詞的用法。根據(jù)上下文，該句是if引導(dǎo)的條件句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，所以后面的be動(dòng)詞用的是were。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（15）考察連詞的用法。空格處所在句子的大意是：部長(zhǎng)想讓Veil等到部長(zhǎng)們的意見(jiàn)一致了才采用預(yù)算撥款。選項(xiàng)A“直到……才”符合題意。

（16）考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。characterize“以……為特征”；follow“跟隨”；stimulate“刺激”；bring“帶來(lái)，引來(lái)”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵侯A(yù)算撥款的采用隨著434名Assembly和EEC的預(yù)算部長(zhǎng)，經(jīng)歷了六個(gè)月的曲折談判。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（17）考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。spend“花費(fèi)”；provision“供給……食品”；survey“調(diào)查”；slogan“標(biāo)語(yǔ)”。spending與前文的payment構(gòu)成呼應(yīng)，符合題意。

（18）考察名詞詞義辨析。clash“沖突”；agreement“協(xié)議”；option“選擇權(quán)”；abundance“充?！?。與前文提到的consensus一致，空格處所在句子大意是：協(xié)議最終被議會(huì)阻止了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（19）考察固定搭配。intheend“最后”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（20）考察固定搭配。outofwork“失業(yè)”。work與上文的job相照應(yīng)，符合題意。

6.單選題

Britain’spressisunusual（）itisdividedintotwoverydifferenttypesofnewspaper:thequalitypressandthepopularpress.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inhow

B.inwhat

C.inwhich

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知空格后為原因狀語(yǔ)從句，表原因。inthat相當(dāng)于because，可引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：英國(guó)的報(bào)紙不同尋常之處在于，它被分為兩種截然不同的報(bào)紙:嚴(yán)肅報(bào)紙和大眾報(bào)紙。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

Ihelpedhimcleanthefloor______theunderstandingthatIwouldberewarded.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.through

B.by

C.in

D.on

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)through“通過(guò)”，B項(xiàng)by“通過(guò)，由”，C項(xiàng)in“在……里”，D項(xiàng)on“在……上”。根據(jù)句子可知，ontheunderstandingthat固定搭配，表示“如果，在……條件上”。句意：如果我可以得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)那么我可以幫他打掃地板。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

HeimpliedthatthePresidenthadliedand（）obstructedjustice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nonetheless

B.however

C.thereby

D.likewise

【答案】C

【解析】連詞辨析，考查語(yǔ)句之間聯(lián)系的把握。nonetheless“盡管如此”;however“然而”;thereby“因此”;likewise“同樣地”。句意：他暗示道：總統(tǒng)說(shuō)謊了，并且因此使事情變得不公正。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

Onlyonemoreweekandthecontractwill____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.runout

B.bringabout

C.putthrough

D.carryon

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.runout用完；到期B.bringabout引起

C.putthrough給……接通電話；使……遭受D.carryon繼續(xù)；從事；進(jìn)行

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：再過(guò)一個(gè)星期，合同就……。根據(jù)句意，可以推測(cè)，再過(guò)一個(gè)星期，有效的合同就到期結(jié)束了。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意；

D選項(xiàng)，這里指的是合同再過(guò)一個(gè)星期就到期了，而不是合同繼續(xù)，該選項(xiàng)不符合邏輯。

【句意】再過(guò)一個(gè)星期合同就到期了。

10.單選題

Atlastsheleftherhouseandhurriedtotheairportonly______theplaneflyingaway.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.saw

B.seen

C.seeing

D.tosee

【答案】D

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：最后她離開(kāi)了家，匆忙趕往機(jī)場(chǎng)，卻只看見(jiàn)飛機(jī)飛走了。only+現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）和only+不定式（短語(yǔ)）都可作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，跟現(xiàn)在分詞往往表示一種自然的合乎邏輯的結(jié)果，而跟不定式往往表示一種出乎意料的或令人失望的結(jié)果，僅限于少數(shù)終止性動(dòng)詞，如find，hear，learn，make，see等。only到句尾部分是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，匆忙趕往機(jī)場(chǎng)卻未能如愿登機(jī)，是令人失望的結(jié)果，D選項(xiàng)tosee符合題意。A選項(xiàng)saw是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，不作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；B選項(xiàng)seen是過(guò)去分詞，不單獨(dú)使用；C選項(xiàng)onlyseeing表示合乎邏輯的結(jié)果，含有意料之中的意思，不存在失望的情況，不符合語(yǔ)境。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Onecan’tbeapersonwithuprightfacialfeaturesiffilledwithenvyinhisheart,ifdishonest,or（

）saying.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.skimpy

B.abstruse

C.iniquitous

D.mendacious

【答案】D

【解析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。skimpy“不足的；吝嗇的”；abstruse“深?yuàn)W的；難懂的”；iniquitous“邪惡的；不公正的”；mendacious“虛假的；說(shuō)謊的”。句意：一個(gè)人心中如果充滿嫉妒、不誠(chéng)實(shí)或虛假的言語(yǔ)，那么其不可能有正直的面容。由句中的or可知，空格處所填的詞與dishonest意思接近，故答案為D。

12.單選題

Theirnewpolicygave______toincreasedunemployment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.arise

B.arouse

C.raise

D.rise

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)arise“產(chǎn)生；發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)（常用于抽象事物）”；B選項(xiàng)arouse“引起；喚醒；鼓勵(lì)；激發(fā)”；C選項(xiàng)raise“提高；籌集；養(yǎng)育；升起；飼養(yǎng)，種植”（及物動(dòng)詞，表示把某具體事物抬起高處或提高某抽象事物）；D選項(xiàng)rise“攀升；起床；升起；休會(huì)；（數(shù)量）增加；變得更成功”（使用范圍廣，既用于具體事物的“上升、增長(zhǎng)”，又用于抽象事物的“上漲”）。根據(jù)固定搭配giveriseto“引起；導(dǎo)致；造成；產(chǎn)生”可知句意為：他們的新政策導(dǎo)致更多人失業(yè)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

ManyAmericansregardthejurysystemasaconcreteexpressionofcrucialdemocraticvalues,includingtheprinciplesthatallcitizenswhomeetminimalqualificationsofageandliteracyareequallycompetenttoserveonjuries;thatjurorsshouldbeselectedrandomlyfromarepresentativecrosssectionofthecommunity;thatnocitizenshouldbedeniedtherighttoserveonajuryonaccountofrace,religion,sex,ornationalorigin;thatdefendantsareentitledtotrialbytheirpeers;andthatverdictsshouldrepresenttheconscienceofthecommunityandnotjusttheletterofthelaw.Thejuryisalsosaidtobethebestsurvivingexampleofdirectratherthanrepresentativedemocracy.Inadirectdemocracy,citizenstaketurnsgoverningthemselves,ratherthanelectingrepresentativestogovernforthem.

Butasrecentlyasin1968,juryselectionproceduresconflictedwiththesedemocraticideals.Insomestates,forexample,jurydutywaslimitedtopersonsofsupposedlysuperiorintelligence,educationandmoralcharacter.AlthoughtheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStateshadprohibitedintentionalracialdiscriminationinjuryselectionasearlyasthe1880caseofStrauderv.WestVirginia,thepracticeofselectingso-calledeliteorblue-ribbonjuriesprovidedaconvenientwayaroundthisandotherantidiscriminationlaws.

Thesystemalsofailedtoregularlyincludewomenonjuriesuntilthemid-20thcentury.AlthoughwomenfirstservedonstatejuriesinUtahin1898,itwasnotuntilthe1940sthatamajorityofstatesmadewomeneligibleforjuryduty.Eventhenseveralstatesautomaticallyexemptedwomenfromjurydutyunlesstheypersonallyaskedtohavetheirnamesincludedonthejurylist.Thispracticewasjustifiedbytheclaimthatwomenwereneededathome,anditkeptjuriesunrepresentativeofwomenthroughthe1960s.

In1968,theCongressoftheUnitedStatespassedtheJurySelectionandServiceAct,usheringinaneweraofdemocraticreformsforthejury.Thislawabolishedspecialeducationalrequirementsforfederaljurorsandrequiredthemtobeselectedatrandomfromacrosssectionoftheentirecommunity.Inthelandmark1975decisionTaylorv.Louisiana,theSupremeCourtextendedtherequirementthatjuriesberepresentativeofallpartsofthecommunitytothestatelevel.TheTaylordecisionalsodeclaredsexdiscriminationinjuryselectiontobeunconstitutionalandorderedstatestousethesameproceduresforselectingmaleandfemalejurors.

1.FromtheprinciplesoftheU.S.jurysystem,welearnthat________.

2.Thepracticeofselectingso-calledelitejurorspriorto1968showed________.

3.AftertheJurySelectionandServiceActwaspassed,________.

4.IndiscussingtheU.S.jurysystem,thetextcenterson________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bothliterateandilliteratepeoplecanserveonjuries

B.defendantsareimmunefromtrialbytheirpeers

C.noagelimitshouldbeimposedforjuryservice

D.judgmentshouldconsidertheopinionofthepublic

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theinadequacyofantidiscriminationlaws

B.theprevalentdiscriminationagainstcertainraces

C.theconflictingidealsinjuryselectionprocedures

D.thearrogancecommonamongtheSupremeCourtjudges

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.sexdiscriminationinjuryselectionwasunconstitutionalandhadtobeabolished

B.educationalrequirementsbecamelessrigidintheselectionoffederaljurors

C.jurorsatthestateleveloughttoberepresentativeoftheentirecommunity

D.statesoughttoconformtothefederalcourtinreformingthejurysystem

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.itsnatureandproblems

B.itscharacteristicsandtradition

C.itstraditionanddevelopment

D.itsproblemsandtheirsolutions

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

FromtheprinciplesoftheU.S.jurysystem,welearnthat________.從美國(guó)陪審團(tuán)制度的原則中，我們了解到________。

A.bothliterateandilliteratepeoplecanserveonjuriesA.有無(wú)文化都可以擔(dān)任陪審員

B.defendantsareimmunefromtrialbytheirpeersB.被告不受其同儕的審判

C.noagelimitshouldbeimposedforjuryserviceC.陪審員的年齡不受限制

D.judgmentshouldconsidertheopinionofthepublicD.判決應(yīng)該考慮公眾的觀點(diǎn)

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞ResearchCenter定位到第一段第一句，該處講到“判決應(yīng)代表社會(huì)的良知（representtheconscienceofthecommunity），而不僅僅是法律條文。”，可知判決應(yīng)該考慮在社會(huì)中公眾的想法，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“有無(wú)文化都可以擔(dān)任陪審員”：對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第一句“所有符合最低年齡和文化水平（meetminimalqualificationsofageandliteracy）的公民都有同等能力擔(dān)任陪審員”，可知陪審員需要有文化，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“被告不受其同儕的審判”：對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第一句“被告有權(quán)接受同儕的審判（defendantsareentitledtotrialbytheirpeers）”，可知本選項(xiàng)不符合文章內(nèi)容，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“陪審員的年齡不受限制”：對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第一句“所有符合最低年齡和文化水平（meetminimalqualificationsofageandliteracy）的公民都有同等能力擔(dān)任陪審員”，可知陪審員有年齡限制，屬于反向干擾。

第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thepracticeofselectingso-calledelitejurorspriorto1968showed________.1968年以前選拔所謂精英陪審員的慣例體現(xiàn)出________。

A.theinadequacyofantidiscriminationlawsA.反歧視法的不完善

B.theprevalentdiscriminationagainstcertainracesB.對(duì)某些種族的普遍歧視

C.theconflictingidealsinjuryselectionproceduresC.陪審團(tuán)遴選程序中矛盾的理想

D.thearrogancecommonamongtheSupremeCourtjudgesD.最高法院法官中普遍存在的傲慢

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞so-calledelitejurors定位到第二段最后一句，該處講到“挑選所謂的精英或藍(lán)絲帶陪審團(tuán)（selectingso-calledeliteorblue-ribbonjuries），這一做法是回避這一法律和其他反歧視法的便利途徑（aroundthisandotherantidiscriminationlaws）?！保芍@體現(xiàn)出反歧視法還存在不足之處，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)某些種族的普遍歧視”：對(duì)應(yīng)第二段最后一句“美國(guó)最高法院禁止在選擇陪審團(tuán)時(shí)存在故意的種族歧視（prohibitedintentionalracialdiscrimination）”，禁止歧視不代表歧視普遍存在，屬于推理過(guò)度；

C選項(xiàng)“陪審團(tuán)遴選程序中矛盾的理想”：對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第一句“陪審團(tuán)的遴選程序（juryselectionprocedures）與這些民主理想（democraticideals）發(fā)生了沖突（conflicted）”，可知矛盾的是遴選程序和民主理想，而非遴選程序本身，屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“最高法院法官中普遍存在的傲慢”：文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。

第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

AftertheJurySelectionandServiceActwaspassed,________.《陪審團(tuán)遴選及服務(wù)法案》通過(guò)后，________。

A.sexdiscriminationinjuryselectionwasunconstitutionalandhadtobeabolishedA.在遴選陪審團(tuán)時(shí)的性別歧視違反憲法，必須廢除

B.educationalrequirementsbecamelessrigidintheselectionoffederaljurorsB.在挑選聯(lián)邦陪審員時(shí)教育要求變得不那么嚴(yán)格了

C.jurorsatthestateleveloughttoberepresentativeoftheentirecommunityC.州一級(jí)的陪審員應(yīng)該代表整個(gè)社區(qū)

D.statesoughttoconformtothefederalcourtinreformingthejurysystemD.各州在改革陪審制度方面應(yīng)與聯(lián)邦法院保持一致

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞JurySelectionandServiceAct定位到第四段第一句“美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)了《陪審團(tuán)遴選及服務(wù)法案》（JurySelectionandServiceAct）”，結(jié)合該段第二句“這項(xiàng)法律廢除了對(duì)聯(lián)邦陪審員的特殊教育要求（abolishedspecialeducationalrequirements）”，可知這項(xiàng)法律通過(guò)以后，對(duì)陪審員的教育要求沒(méi)有那么高了，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“在遴選陪審團(tuán)時(shí)的性別歧視違反憲法，必須廢除”：這個(gè)法案沒(méi)有要求在性別上平等，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“州一級(jí)的陪審員應(yīng)該代表整個(gè)社區(qū)”：對(duì)應(yīng)第四段第三句“最高法院將陪審團(tuán)必須代表社區(qū)整體的要求擴(kuò)大到州一級(jí)（extended…representativeofallpartsofthecommunitytothestatelevel）”，這里指的是把陪審團(tuán)所代表的范圍從社區(qū)擴(kuò)大到州，而不是州一級(jí)的陪審員應(yīng)該代表整個(gè)社區(qū)，屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“各州在改革陪審制度方面應(yīng)與聯(lián)邦法院保持一致”：文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。

第4題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

IndiscussingtheU.S.jurysystem,thetextcenterson________.在討論美國(guó)陪審團(tuán)制度時(shí)，文本以________為中心。

A.itsnatureandproblemsA.其性質(zhì)和問(wèn)題

B.itscharacteristicsandtraditionB.其特點(diǎn)和傳統(tǒng)

C.itstraditionanddevelopmentC.其傳統(tǒng)與發(fā)展

D.itsproblemsandtheirsolutionsD.其問(wèn)題和解決方案

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】第一段提出美國(guó)陪審團(tuán)制度（jurysystem）的基本原則（principles），第二段講近年陪審團(tuán)的遴選程序與民主理想發(fā)生沖突（juryselectionproceduresconflictedwiththesedemocraticideals），第三段講在20世紀(jì)，女性仍然不在陪審團(tuán)遴選之列（failedtoregularlyincludewomenonjuries），第四段講1968年美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)《陪審團(tuán)遴選和服務(wù)法案》（theCongressoftheUnitedStatespassedtheJurySelectionandServiceAct）。綜上所述，本文以時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)展開(kāi)行文，講述了美國(guó)陪審團(tuán)制度的傳統(tǒng)與發(fā)展，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“其性質(zhì)和問(wèn)題”，B選項(xiàng)“其特點(diǎn)和傳統(tǒng)”和D選項(xiàng)“其問(wèn)題和解決方案”：是文章部分內(nèi)容，不能概括全文，屬于以偏概全。

14.單選題

Mr.Coleman,presidentoftheCollegeBoard,announcednewprogramstohelplow-incomestudents,whowillnowbegiven（）allowingthemtoapplytofourcollegesatnocharge.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scholarships

B.tuitionfee

C.loans

D.feewaivers

【答案】D

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。scholarship“獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，學(xué)問(wèn)”；tuitionfee“學(xué)費(fèi)”；loan“貸款”；feewaiver“免除費(fèi)用”。句意：這些學(xué)生將被給予免除費(fèi)用的待遇，將允許他們?cè)试S免費(fèi)申請(qǐng)四所大學(xué)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

15.單選題

The100AkerWoodmaylooklikeadark,forbiddingplacethesedaysforMichaelD.Eisner.That’swhereWinniethePooh，Piglet，andEeyorelive,andthecartooncharacters—whichrepresentatleast$1billionayearinrevenuesforEisner’sWaltDisneyCo.—areinfullrevolt.A12-years-oldlawsuit,sealedinaLosAngelescourtuntilJanuary,hascometolight,andaseriesofcourtrulingsthreatenthemediagiantwithhundredsofmillionsinoverduelicensepaymentsandpossiblythelossofoneofitsmostlucrativeproperties.

HowlargeahitDisneywilltakeisstillindispute.Disneyisappealingtworulings,includingoneallegingthatcompanyex