考研考博-英語-天津工業(yè)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津工業(yè)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Whilewatchingtelevision____.

問題1選項

A.thetelephonerang

B.weheardthetelephonering

C.weheardthetelephonerang

D.thetelephonewasrung

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.thetelephonerang電話響了B.weheardthetelephonering我們聽見電話響了

C.weheardthetelephonerang我們聽見電話響了D.thetelephonewasrung電話被響

【答案】B

【考查點】非謂語動詞

【解題思路】由前文現(xiàn)在分詞形式的非謂語watchingtelevision可知，該句主語應(yīng)該是主動看電視的，結(jié)合選項，主語應(yīng)該是人——we“我們”；hear后面接賓語和賓語補足語，非謂語動詞形式為do/doing，hearsbdo“聽見某人做某事的全過程”，hearsbdoing“聽見某人做某事”，該語境中，聽見電話響，電話響是非常短的一個過程，原句表達(dá)的應(yīng)該是聽見電話響了，而不是聽見電話正在響，更何況，選項中也沒有現(xiàn)在分詞形式。因此，B選項weheardthetelephonering“我們聽見電話響了”形式正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項thetelephonerang，主語不對；

C選項weheardthetelephonerang，rang的形式不對；

D選項thetelephonewasrung；主語不對。

【句意】我們在看電視時聽到電話鈴響了。

2.單選題

We（）managedtohavepeopleacceptourtheoryafteralong,hardstruggle.

問題1選項

A.momentarily

B.suddenly

C.graciously

D.gradually

【答案】D

【解析】句意:經(jīng)過長期的艱苦努力之后，我們逐漸讓他們接了受我們的理論。

考查副詞辨析。momentarily頃刻之間，馬上;suddenly意外地，忽然地；graciously優(yōu)雅地，慈樣地;gradually逐步地，漸漸地。根據(jù)后文的afteralong,hardstruggle(長期的艱苦努力之后)可知D正確。

3.單選題

Theoldking（

）.Theyaremakinganewking.

問題1選項

A.wasbelievedtobekilled

B.isbelievedbeingkilled

C.isbelievedhavingbeenkilled

D.isbelievedtohavebeenkilled

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法。由第二句“他們正在選舉一位新國王”可知，之前的國王被認(rèn)為已經(jīng)殺害了，故用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動，再結(jié)合bebelievedto“被認(rèn)為……”可知D項正確。句意：他們認(rèn)為之前的國王已經(jīng)被殺害了，他們正在選舉一位新國王。

4.單選題

Someoftheworld’smostimportantmuseumsareconfirmingwhatwe’vesuspectedallalongbutdidn’tdaresay:selfiesticks(自拍桿)arestupid.

TheMuseumofModernArt(MoMA)hasbannedthesticksfromtheirexhibitionhallstopreventdamagetotheartwork.Ifyou’veeversetfootinMoMAyou’llknowwhatadifficultexperienceitcanbe.Notbecauseitisn’tanexceptionalartinstitutionthat’sgiventhemind-expandingexhibitions,butbecauseofotherpeople.TheMoMAisoneoftheworld’sbusiestmuseums—addselfiesticksamongthecrowdsandyou’vegotarecipefordisaster.

Thesamesituationcanbefoundatmanyfamoustouristlandmarks.Likeseatbelts,theselfiestickproblemdoesn’thithomeuntilsomeonegetshurt.Anincreasingnumberofsiteshaveseenthepotentialhazardandputastoptothingsbeforea“tragedy”occurs.TheAustralianOpenhasbannedselfiesticks.SportsandmusicstadiumsaroundLondonhavebannedthestick,aswell.

Yettherealissuebehindtheselfiestickistheselfieitself.It’ssomehowbecomesociallyacceptableforustotakethenarcissism(自戀)ofadolescenceandextenditthroughadulthood,manifestedinselfies.IadmitthatIdoenjoytheoccasionalguiltypleasureofaselfie,soIcan’tandwon’tbeahypocriteaboutit.

Whenitcomestotraveling,though,whenitcomestoonce-in-a-lifetimevisitstosacredlandmarksandworld-classmuseums,I’dhopethatwecouldallturnthelensawayfromourselves.

Orsimplyputthecameraaway.TravelwriterPaulTherouxoncetoldhisreaders:“Ineverbringacamera—becausetakingpictures,I’vefound,makesmelessobservantandinterfereswithmymemory.”Howmuchdowerelyonphotographstorememberourvacations?Doesitreallymatterthatwehaveapermanentdocumentationofeverymomentofourtravels?

Whatifweentirelyletgoofdocumentingandjustsimplyexperience?Itrieditforaday.ItiswhatIimagineskydivingwouldbelike:terrifyingatfirst,thenexcitingandfinally,whenIgotmymindtostopsubconsciouslyframingeverystreetscene,IbecamemorepresentthanI’veeverbeenonatrip.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutMoMA?

2.Asmentionedinthepassage,selfiestickshavebeenbannedinthefollowingeventsEXCEPT（）.

3.AccordingtoParagraph4,theauthorconsidersselfiesas（）.

4.TravelwriterPaulTherouxisquotedto（）.

5.In“IbecamemorepresentthanI’veeverbeenonatrip”(lastparagraph),theauthor’feelingcanbesummarizedas（）.

問題1選項

A.MoMAisoneofthemostvisitedmuseumsintheworld.

B.NoteveryoneappreciatestheexhibitionsinMoMA.

C.MoMAhastobeheavilyguardedtoprotecttheartwork.

D.TakingpicturesinMoMAcanbeapleasantexperience.

問題2選項

A.museumvisits

B.musicperformance

C.sportscompetition

D.touristsightseeing

問題3選項

A.awasteoftime

B.areallifesaver

C.sometimesenjoyable

D.mostlyboring

問題4選項

A.instructtravelersonhowtotakequalitypictures

B.remindpeopleofthebeautyofnaturallandmarks

C.persuadetravelersagainsttakingtoomanypictures

D.encouragepeopletotravelaroundtheworld

問題5選項

A.shocking

B.appreciating

C.exciting

D.confusing

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.語義推測題。根據(jù)第二段第四句theMoMAisoneoftheworld’sbusiestmuseums（現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館是世界上最繁忙的博物館之一），可知A選項“現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館是世界上參觀人數(shù)最多的博物館之一”正確。B選項“不是每個人都喜歡現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館的展覽”沒有提到。C選項“現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館必須戒備森嚴(yán)以保護藝術(shù)品”：根據(jù)第二段第一句TheMuseumofModernArthasbannedthesticksfromtheirexhibitionhallstopreventdamagetotheartwork.（現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館已經(jīng)禁止在他們的展廳內(nèi)使用棍子，以防止損壞藝術(shù)品。），可知現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館采取了措施保護藝術(shù)品，但不至于戒備森嚴(yán)。D選項“在MoMA拍照是一種愉快的經(jīng)歷”：根據(jù)第二段最后一句addselfiesticksamongthecrowdsandyou’vegotarecipefordisaster（在人群中使用自拍桿，簡直就是一場災(zāi)難），可知在現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館拍照并不愉快。因此A選項正確。

2.語義推測題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Thesamesituationcanbefoundatmanyfamoustouristlandmarks（在許多著名的旅游景點也可以看到同樣的情況。）和第三句Anincreasingnumberofsiteshaveseenthepotentialhazardandputastoptothingsbeforea“tragedy”occurs.（越來越多的地點已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了潛在的危險，并在“悲劇”發(fā)生之前阻止了事情的發(fā)生。），在第三句后面講述禁止使用自拍桿的地方，可知許多人在旅游景點拍照，并且沒有禁止，故D選項“旅游景點”正確。根據(jù)第三段第四句和第五句TheAustralianOpenhasbannedselfiesticks.SportsandmusicstadiumsaroundLondonhavebannedthestick,aswell.（澳大利亞網(wǎng)球公開賽禁止使用自拍桿。倫敦周圍的體育和音樂廳也禁止使用自拍桿。），可知體育競賽、音樂廳禁止使用自拍桿，因此B選項“音樂廳”和C選項“體育競賽”錯誤。根據(jù)前文，A選項“博物館”錯誤。因此D選項正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句IadmitthatIdoenjoytheoccasionalguiltypleasureofaselfie（我承認(rèn)我確實很享受自拍的那種偶爾帶著罪惡感的快感），可知C選項“有時享受”正確。A選項“浪費時間”，B選項“拯救生活”和D選項“大多數(shù)時候無聊”沒有提到。因此C選項正確。

4.語義推測題。根據(jù)第六段第一句Orsimplyputthecameraaway.（或者干脆把相機收起來。），可知這一段在講述不要拍太多照片，最好不拍，引用作家的話用來舉例證明，故C選項“說服旅行者不要拍太多的照片”正確，A選項“指導(dǎo)游客如何拍攝高質(zhì)量的照片”錯誤。B選項“提醒人們自然景色的美”和D選項“鼓勵人們環(huán)游世界”沒有提到。因此C選項正確。

5.語義推測題。根據(jù)第七段最后一句ItiswhatIimagineskydivingwouldbelike:terrifyingatfirst,thenexcitingandfinally,whenIgotmymindtostopsubconsciouslyframingeverystreetscene,IbecamemorepresentthanI’veeverbeenonatrip.（這就是我想象中的跳傘的樣子：一開始很恐怖，然后很興奮，最后，當(dāng)我的大腦不再下意識地勾勒出每一個街景時，我變得比我以往任何一次旅行中都更真實。），可知作者的感受富于變化，從恐怖到興奮，最后欣賞這種方式，因此B選項“欣賞”正確。A選項“震驚”和D選項“困惑”的感受沒有。C選項“興奮”是其中一部分。因此B選項正確。

5.單選題

Ⅷ.(ForensicAppraisal)

ForensicevidencehasplayedaroleinmanyCanadianwrongfulconvictions.In2007,theSupremeCourtheldina4:3decisionthatpost-hypnosis(催眠后)identificationsshouldnotbeadmittedbecauseoftheirunknownreliabilityandtheriskofwrongfulconvictions.ThisdecisionpresentsapotentialforCanadiancourtstoplacestricterreliability-basedrestrictionsontheadmissibilityofexpertevidenceincludingunreliableforensicevidenceofferedbythestate.Atthesametime,variousinquirieshavemademanyimportantrecommendationsaboutreformingthepracticeoftheforensicsciences.Manyoftheserecommendationshavebeenimplemented,thoughthetendencyhasbeentodosoonadiscipline-by-disciplineandjurisdiction-by-jurisdictionbasis.

AnumberofwrongfulconvictionsinCanadahavebeencausedbyfaultyforensicevidence.Therearetwomainwaystorespondtosuchdangers.Oneisbyreformingtheproductionofthestate’sforensicevidence.Theotherisforthecourtstoplacereliabilitybasedrestrictionsontheadmissibilityorcontentofforensicevidenceofferedbythestate.TheCommissionofInquiryintoProceedingsAgainstGuyPaulMorininits1998reportfoundthatOntario’sForensicCentreforForensicSciencehadmadenumerousmistakesintheproductionofhairandfibreevidencethatpurportedtolinkMr.MorintothemurderbeforehisDNAexoneration.ThisinquiryheardtestimonythatCrownprosecutorshadassumedthattheCentrewasinfallibledespitefindingproblemsincontaminationofevidenceandthemisuseofpublishedresearch.ManyreformswereintroducedatthatcentralcrimelaboratoryinOntariointhewakeofthehighlypublicizedinquiry.Adecadelater,asimilarinquirywasheldintheneighbouringprovinceofManitobawhenhaircomparisonevidencewasagainrefutedbyDNAtesting.TheManitobainquiryheardthattheRoyalCanadianMountedPolicelabshadstoppedconductinghaircomparisonevidenceinlightofmoreadvancedDNAtesting,butstoppedshortofrecommendingthatsuchhaircomparisonevidencebeinadmissible.Italsodidnotrecommendthatthecrimelaboratoriesbeseparatedfromthepolice.Finally,itsuggestedthatitdidnothavejurisdictiontoorderanationalauditofcasesthatreliedonhaircomparisonevidence,eventhoughtheprovinceofManitobahadconductedsuchaninquiry.

ManyofthesamethemesfoundintheMorininquirywhichfocusedonhairandfibrecomparisonevidencere-emergedadecadelaterwhentheOntarioCommissionofInquiryintoForensicPediatricPathology(theGoudgeInquiry)recommendedsimilarreformstothepracticeofforensicpathology.

79.AftertheSupremeCourtdecisionin2007,theadmissibilityofforensicevidencebecame___.

80.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthewaytorespondtothedangersofwrongfulconviction?

81.OnefindingincommonintheinquiryoftheprovincesofOntarioandManitobaisthat___.

82.Theunderlinedword“theme”canbereplacedbythefollowingwordinthecontext___.

問題1選項

A.stricter

B.morereliable

C.morereliabilitybased

D.moreexpertise

問題2選項

A.Haircomparisonevidenceisinadmissible.

B.Thestate’sforensicevidenceproductionshouldbereformed.

C.Variousinquiriesshouldbeearnedouttomakerecommendationsaboutreformingthepracticeoftheforensicsciences.

D.Thecourtsshouldimposereliabilitybasedrestrictionsontheadmissibilityorcontentofforensicevidenceofferedbythestate.

問題3選項

A.theforensiccentersmadenumerousmistakesintheproductionofhairandfibreevidence

B.theevidencehadbeencontaminated

C.thetwoprovincesareconductedhaircomparison

D.thehaircomparisonevidencedoesnotmatchtheDNAevidence

問題4選項

A.subject

B.subjectmatter

C.topic

D.issue

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】79.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段ThisdecisionpresentsapotentialforCanadiancourtstoplacestricterreliability-basedrestrictionsontheadmissibilityofexpertevidenceincludingunreliableforensicevidenceofferedbythestate.（這一決定意味著加拿大法院有可能對專家證據(jù)的可采性，包括國家提供的不可靠的法醫(yī)證據(jù)，施加更嚴(yán)格的基于可靠性的限制）可知，法庭證據(jù)的可采性會基于更多的可靠性而不是使得法院證據(jù)的可采性變得更可靠，選C選項“基于更多的可靠性”，同時可知B選項“更可靠”錯誤；A選項“嚴(yán)格”以及D選項“更多的專業(yè)知識”和原文不符。因此C選項正確。

80.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文根據(jù)第二段TheManitobainquiryheardthattheRoyalCanadianMountedPolicelabshadstoppedconductinghaircomparisonevidenceinlightofmoreadvancedDNAtesting,butstoppedshortofrecommendingthatsuchhaircomparisonevidencebeinadmissible.（曼尼托巴省的調(diào)查人員聽說，由于更先進的DNA測試，加拿大皇家騎警實驗室已經(jīng)停止了毛發(fā)比較證據(jù)的研究，但并沒有建議不采納這種毛發(fā)比較證據(jù)）可知A選項“毛發(fā)比較證據(jù)不被采納”不符合原文，不是應(yīng)對錯誤定罪危險的方法；第二段Therearetwomainwaystorespondtosuchdangers.Oneisbyreformingtheproductionofthestate’sforensicevidence.Theotherisforthecourtstoplacereliabilitybasedrestrictionsontheadmissibilityorcontentofforensicevidenceofferedbythestate.（應(yīng)對這些危險主要有兩種方法。一是改革國家法醫(yī)證據(jù)的制作。另一種是法院對國家提供的法醫(yī)證據(jù)的可采性或內(nèi)容進行基于可靠性的限制）可知B選項“國家的法醫(yī)證據(jù)制作應(yīng)該改革”和D選項“法院應(yīng)該對國家提供的法醫(yī)證據(jù)的可采性或內(nèi)容施加基于可靠性的限制”符合原文；根據(jù)第三段whentheOntarioCommissionofInquiryintoForensicPediatricPathology(theGoudgeInquiry)recommendedsimilarreformstothepracticeofforensicpathology.（當(dāng)安大略兒童法醫(yī)病理學(xué)調(diào)查委員會建議對法醫(yī)病理學(xué)的實踐進行類似的改革時，這些主題再次出現(xiàn)）可知C選項“應(yīng)開展各種調(diào)查，提出改革法醫(yī)學(xué)實踐的建議”符合原文。因此A選項符合題意。

81.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“theprovincesofOntarioandManitoba”定位到原文…foundthatOntario’sForensicCentreforForensicSciencehadmadenumerousmistakesintheproductionofhairandfibreevidencethatpurportedtolinkMr.MorintothemurderbeforehisDNAexoneration.（對蓋伊?保羅?莫林訴訟程序的調(diào)查委員會在其1998年的報告中發(fā)現(xiàn)，安大略省法醫(yī)科學(xué)法醫(yī)中心在提供頭發(fā)和纖維證據(jù)方面犯了許多錯誤，這些證據(jù)據(jù)稱是在莫林先生的DNA免責(zé)之前將他與謀殺案聯(lián)系起來的）以及Adecadelater,asimilarinquirywasheldintheneighbouringprovinceofManitobawhenhaircomparisonevidencewasagainrefutedbyDNAtesting.（十年后，在鄰近的馬尼托巴省進行了一次類似的調(diào)查，當(dāng)時頭發(fā)比對的證據(jù)再次被DNA測試所駁倒）可知選D選項“頭發(fā)對比證據(jù)與DNA證據(jù)不匹配”；A選項“法醫(yī)中心在制作頭發(fā)和纖維證據(jù)時犯了許多錯誤”以及C選項“兩省進行頭發(fā)比較”并不是共同的發(fā)現(xiàn)；B選項“證據(jù)被污染了”和原文不符。因此D選項正確。

82.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】詞義推測題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字定位到原文最后一段ManyofthesamethemesfoundintheMorininquirywhichfocusedonhairandfibrecomparisonevidencere-emergedadecadelaterwhentheOntarioCommissionofInquiryintoForensicPediatricPathology(theGoudgeInquiry)recommendedsimilarreformstothepracticeofforensicpathology.（10年后，安大略省兒科法醫(yī)病理學(xué)調(diào)查委員會(Goudgeinquiry)建議對法醫(yī)病理學(xué)的實踐進行類似的改革，Morin調(diào)查聚焦于頭發(fā)和纖維的比較證據(jù)，許多同樣的主題再次出現(xiàn)。）可知本句中themes表示“主題”，多指文學(xué)、藝術(shù)作品的主題，或論文、演說的主題，原文中指對在頭發(fā)和纖維的比較證據(jù)這方面研究/討論所出現(xiàn)的主題；四個選項都有“主題”的含義，A選項subject指書籍、文章、演講、討論等中所隱含的、暗示的，需要由讀者或聽眾推斷的主題或中心話題；B選項subjectmatter指供討論、思考或研究時考慮的東西；C選項topic可指文章、講話的題目，談話的內(nèi)容，又可指提綱中的標(biāo)題甚至段落的主題或中心思想，普通用詞，含義廣泛，但其范疇小于subject；D選項issue指有爭論、議論，急需討論研究的熱點話題；本題B選項更符合題意，表示對在頭發(fā)和纖維的比較證據(jù)這方面研究/討論所出現(xiàn)的主題。因此B選項符合題意。

6.單選題

TheJatakanacultureencompassesevery（）oflifefrombeliefs,superstitions,andpracticestoart,educationandtourism.

問題1選項

A.respect

B.inspect

C.aspect

D.suspect

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知這里指Jatakana文化覆蓋了生活的方方面面，選項C符合句意。

7.單選題

Whenherealizedthepolicehadspottedhim,theman（）theexitasquicklyaspossible.

問題1選項

A.madefor

B.madeout

C.madeupto

D.madeway

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。makefor走向，有快速移動的意思；makeout理解，辨認(rèn)出；makeupto接近，奉承；makeway讓路，前進。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指快速朝出口走去。選項A符合句意。

8.單選題

Thisisanexcitingareaofstudy,andone（）whichnewapplicationsarebeingdiscoveredalmostdaily.

問題1選項

A.from

B.by

C.in

D.through

【答案】C

【解析】考査定語從句。inwhich表示“在某個領(lǐng)域被發(fā)現(xiàn)”。句意：這是一個令人興奮的研究領(lǐng)域,

一個幾乎每天都有新的應(yīng)用程序被發(fā)現(xiàn)的領(lǐng)域。

9.翻譯題

一個人的生命究竟有多大意義，這有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以衡量嗎？提出一個絕對的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)當(dāng)然很困難，但是，大體上看一個人對待生命的態(tài)度是否嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真，看他對待勞動、工作等等的態(tài)度如何，也就不難對這個人的存在意義做出適當(dāng)?shù)墓烙嬃恕?/p>

自古以來一切有成就的人，都很嚴(yán)肅地對待自己的生命，當(dāng)他活著一天，總要盡量多勞動、多工作、多學(xué)習(xí)，不肯虛度年華，不讓時間白白地浪費掉，我國歷代的勞動人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

當(dāng)今社會要求我們思考，生命的價值到底是什么？為自己？為社會？有衡量它的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嗎？每個人對這些問題的答案是不同的。

【答案】Whatisthesignificanceoflife?Isthereanycriterionforitsmeasurement?Difficultasitistoadvanceanabsoluteone,itwillnotbesotojudgetheverymeaningofone’sexistencegenerallyfromwhetherheisseriousaboutlifeandwhathisattitudesaretowardsworkandlife.

Throughouttheages,allpeopleofaccomplishmenttaketheirlivesseriously.Aslongastheyarealive,theywouldratherdevotethemselvestomoreworkandstudythanletasingleminuteslipbyinvain.Andthesameistrueofthecommonlaborersaswellasthegreatstatesmenandthinkersinourcountry.

Nowadayssocietyrequiresustothinkwhatisthevalueoflife.Foroneself?Forthesociety?Isthereastandardtomeasureit?Everyonehasdifferentanswerstothesequestions.

10.單選題

Themoreskilfulyouare,themoreyontendtocutcornerswhich,ifuncheckedforlongperiods,will______intobadhabits.

問題1選項

A.split

B.sneak

C.delude

D.degenerate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項split“分離，使分離，劈開”，B項sneak“溜，鬼鬼祟祟做事，向老師打小報告”，C項delude“欺騙，哄騙，誘惑”，D項degenerate“使退化，惡化，墮落”。由Themoreskilfulyouare,themoreyontendtocutcorners“你的技術(shù)越熟練，你就越容易走捷徑”可知，空格處填入“養(yǎng)成、變成”符合語境，而degenerateinto表示“退化為”，意思與之相近。句意：你的技術(shù)越熟練，你就越容易走捷徑，如果長期不加以控制，就會退化為壞習(xí)慣。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

11.單選題

Itmakesme（

）whenpeopledon’tlisten,andthenasksillyquestions.

問題1選項

A.furious

B.generous

C.mysterious

D.suspicious

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項furious“生氣的，狂怒的”；B選項generous“慷慨的”；C選項mysterious“神秘的”；D選項suspicious“可疑的”。

句意：別人不聽，然后問些愚蠢的問題，這讓我很生氣。選項A符合句意。

12.問答題

LessonsfromthePandemicThatWasn’tTheswineflupandemicdidn’tturn（1）tobethescourgeinternationalhealthagenciespredicted.OnJan.29theWorldHealthOrganizationdeclaredthateventhoughtheH1N1virusisstillspreadinginpartsofEurope,Africa,andAsia,thenumberofconfirmedcasesworldwideisdeclining.About14,000deathsfromswinefluhavebeenreported.That’satragicloss,butit'sasmallnumberconsideringthattherun-of-the-millseasonalflukillsupto500,000peopleeachyear,accordingtotheWHO.

Sowhathavehealthauthorities,scientists,andvaccinemakerslearnedfromtheglobalcatastrophethatwasn’t?Thatviraloutbreaksofthissortareevenlesspredictablethanscientiststhoughtandthatthedefenses（2）

placetodaywouldhavebeenutterlyinadequateagainstamorevirulentstrain.“TheoverwhelmingexpressionofHINIwasmild,”saysGregoryHartl,aspokesmanfortheWHOinGeneva,“Nowaprocesshasbeenestablishedtohelpuslearn.”

Thefirstpriority,manyexpertssay,isoverhaulingtheantiquatedvaccineproductionsystem.Thecurrenttechnology,whichinvolvesgrowingfluvaccinesineggs,issocumbersomethatdrugmakershavetostartinFebruarytoensurethey'llhaveenoughforthefollowingfall.H1N1didn’temergeuntilApril2009,forcingtheCentersforDiseaseControl(CDC)anddrugcompaniestoscramble.Therewastoolittleofthevaccinewhentheviruswaspeaking,andtoomuchwhenitstartedtowane.“We’reverylimited

（3）

thiseggtechnology,andwehavebeenworkingontheissuesince2006,”saysDr.StephenC.Redd,directoroftheCDC’sinfluenzacoordinationunit.

Companiesanduniversitiesareracingtoupgradetheapproach.BaxterInternationalforexample,testedanewcell-culturetechniqueandwasabletobeginproducingvaccineinjust12weeks,onceithadthevirusspecificationsfromtheCDC.BaxtersoldsomeofthevaccineinEuropeandisworkingtogetitstechnologyapprovedforuseintheU.S.similarly,TexasA&MUniversitySystemisbreakinggroundonamanufacturingresearchplantthatwillhouseseveraldifferentvaccine-makingtechnologies—anyofwhichcouldbestartedupontheflyandadapted（4）

whateverpathogencomesalong.

Manufacturingisjustonebottleneck.Whentheswinefluvaccinefinallybecameavailablelastfall,somedoctorshadnocluehowmuchtheywouldgetorwhenitwouldarrive—ifever.Manystatesopted

（

5）mass-vaccinationclinics,thenfailedtomovehigh-riskgroupssuchaspregnantwomenandhealthworkerstotheheadoftheline.JeanneS.Ringel,asenioreconomistfortheRANDCorporationwhostudiespandemics,wassurprisedbythepoorpreparationatthevaccinationclinicnearherLosAngeleshome.Eventhoughclinicsweresupposedtofocus

（6）

prioritypatients,“theydidn’tturnanyoneaway,”shesays.

McKesson,whichworkedwiththeCDCtogettheH1N1vaccinetoclinics,hadjusteightweekstobuildanewdistributionnetwork,saysJeffReinke,avicepresidentatthecompany.OrderscamefromstatesthroughtheCDCandthentoMcKessen—aprocessthecompanyrealizedwastooslow.McKessentighteneditspackagingandshippingtimelines.Inanemail,ReinkesaidhewelcomestheCDC’sinputoncontinuingtoimprovetheprocess.

Flawedcommunicationsalsostymiedvaccinationefforts.Manypeople（7）

highriskwereafraidtogettheH1N1vaccinebecausetheythoughtitwasunproven.Inreality,itwasmanufacturedjustliketheseasonalfluvaccineandtestedenoughtoreassuretheFoodandDrugAdministrationthatitwassafe.Respondingtomisconceptions,theAmericanMedicalAssn,launchedaneducationalWebsiteandAMAmembershoppedonYouTube,Facebook,andTwittertoreassurethepublic.Nexttime,consumeroutreachneedstostartearlierandbemoreaggressive,perhapsincludingTVads,saysMaryAnneMcCaflree,anOklahomaCitypediatricianandAMAboardmembers.“Thebottomlineis,wecame,wesaw,butI’mnotsureweconquered,”McCafifreesays.

SomemisusecamefromtheWHO.Itinitiallyassumedeachpatientwouldneedtwoshotstogetprotection.Onedoseprovedadequateforadults,whichmeantthatmostEuropeancountrieshadenoughvaccine（8）

handtoimmunizealltheirresidents.Butbecauseofconfusionandpublicapathy,thosecountriesendedupprotectingnomorethan10%oftheirpopulations.

Asforvaccinemakers,MorganStanleyanalystsinitiallypredictedthethreelargest—Novartis.Sanofi-Aventis,andGlaxoSmithKline—wouldsellacombined$5.3billionofvaccineduringthesixmonthsendingMarch31.InaDecemberreport,theysaidactualsalesmaybeasmuchas15%lower.FrancehascutbackitsorderstoNovartisandSanofi.AndonJan.26,Novartis'vaccinechief,AndrinOswald,said2010salesofH1N1vaccinewouldbelessthanhalfofthe$1billiontheshotgeneratedin2009.

Evenwithinfectionratedropping,manyfluexpertsareconcernedaboutsomefacetsofswineflu.Whilemortalityislow,childrenmake

（9）manyofthevictims.Andeventhoughnextyear’sseasonalfluvaccinewilllikelyincludeprotectionagainstswineflu,virulentnewstrainscouldemerge.

Asscientistspuzzleoverepidemiologicalquestions,theWHOhasbeenaccusedofunnecessarilyfanningpublicfears.OnecriticisWolfgangWodarg,adoctorandformerGermanparliamentarianwhoisontheCouncilofEurope,anorganizationinStrasbourg,France,thatpromoteshumanrights.DuringaJan.26councilmeeting,WodargaccusedtheWHOoffabricatingapandemicthatled

（10）

littlemorethanrevenuesforthepharmaceuticalindustry.Itwas,hesaidthroughatranslator,“dangerousnonsense.”

TheWHO’sDr.KeijiFukuda,whoalsospokeatthehearing,defendedtheagency'sresponse.FlupoliciesandresponsesrecommendedbyWHO“werenotimproperlyinfluencedbythepharmaceuticalindustry,”hesaidinastatement.But,headded,“thereismuchtolearnabouthowtheworldcanimproveitshandlingofsuchevents.”

Fillineachblankinthearticlewithanappropriatepreposition(介詞).

Readthearticlecarefullyandexplainthemeaningofthewords/phrasesaccordingtothecontext.

run-of-the-mill(inparagraph1)

overhauling(inparagraph3)breakingground(inparagraph4)

pediatrician(inparagraph7)

fabricating(inparagraph11)

WhyistheWorldHealthOrganizationblamedinthearticle?Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheblame?

【答案】1.考查介詞搭配。本句意為：豬流感瘟疫沒有變成國際衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)所預(yù)測的災(zāi)難。turnout意為“結(jié)果是，證明是”

試題答案：out

2.考查介詞搭配。inplace意為“準(zhǔn)備就緒，就位”。

試題答案：in

3.考查介詞搭配。belimitedin意為“受限制”，指在某方面能力有限，根據(jù)空格后面的technology，可知此處是表示受技術(shù)的限制。

試題答案：in

4.考查介詞搭配。adaptfor意為“使適應(yīng)，使適合(新用途，新情況）”。此處破折號后表示其中任何一種都可以立即啟動，并適應(yīng)于任何病原體的出現(xiàn)。

試題答案：for

5.考查介詞搭配。optfor意為“選擇”。此句意為：許多州選擇了大規(guī)模疫苗接種診所，但未能將孕婦和衛(wèi)生工作者等高危群體轉(zhuǎn)移到一線。

試題答案：for

6.focuson意為“致力于，使聚焦于”。

試題答案：on

7.考查介詞搭配。inhighrisk意為“處于高風(fēng)險的”

試題答案：in

8.考查介詞搭配。inhand意為“在手頭，在手邊”，指手中掌握的事物，隨時可用。

試題答案：in

9.考查介詞搭配。makeup意為“組成，構(gòu)成，占”。此句意為：雖然死亡率較低，但許多受

害者由兒童構(gòu)成。

試題答案：up

10.考查介詞搭配。leadto意為“導(dǎo)致，引起”，lead的過去式為led。

試題答案：to

run-of-the-mill(inparagraph1)

試題答案：普通的

overhauling(inparagraph3)

試題答案：徹底改革

breakingground(inparagraph4)

試題答案：創(chuàng)辦，開拓

pediatrician(inparagraph7)

試題答案：兒科醫(yī)師

fabricating(inparagraph11)

試題答案：編造，捏造

第一問由題干中的關(guān)鍵字blamed可定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段第一句中“theWHOhasbeenaccusedofunnecessarilyfanningpublicfears”可知第一問答案。第二問為觀點態(tài)度題，由文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可知作者對世界衛(wèi)生組織采取的措施是贊成的，故對其職責(zé)是不贊成的。

試題答案：

BecausetheWHOunnecessarilyfannedpublicfears.

Theauthor'sattitudetowardstheblameisdisapproving.

13.單選題

Thepolicecarriedoutan（

）investigation,butthemissingwomanwasnotyetfound.

問題1選項

A.exhausting

B.exhaustible

C.exhaustive

D.exhausted

【答案】C

【解析】exhausting使精疲力竭的；exhaustible可被用盡的；exhaustive詳盡的，徹底的；exhausted疲憊的，耗盡的。根據(jù)句意可知這里指徹底的調(diào)查，所以選項C符合句意。

14.單選題

Asthecoreofthemanagementboard,hecanalwayscomeupwith____ideastopromotethecorporation’smarketingstrategies.

問題1選項

A.integral

B.instinctive

C.intangible

D.ingenious

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.integral不可或缺的B.instinctive本能的

C.intangible難以理解的D.ingenious巧妙的

【考查點】語義銜接

【解題思路】空格處所填詞修飾的是“主意（ideas）”，前文提到他是“管理委員會的核心”，后文提到這些主意“推動公司的營銷戰(zhàn)略”。由此推測，該詞首先要能形容“主意”，并且這種主意有利于推動公司的營銷，因此，D選項ingenious“巧妙的”符合原文語義銜接。

【干擾項排除】

A選項integral“不可或缺的”，可支持的語義不夠，能夠推動企業(yè)的營銷并不能說明是“不可或缺”；

B選項instinctive“本能的”，不符合原文語義銜接；

C選項intangible“難以理解的”，不符合原文語義銜接。

【句意】作為管理委員會的核心，他總能想出巧妙的點子來推動公司的營銷戰(zhàn)略。

15.單選題

Galileoabstainedfromdiscussingtheforcethatcausesaccelerationwhenanobjectfallstowardstheearth.

問題1選項

A.evolvedfrom

B.protectedfrom

C.refrainedfrom

D.derivedfrom

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項evolvedfrom“進化”；B選項protectedfrom“保護”；C選項refrainedfrom“避免”；D選項derivedfrom“衍生”。句意：伽利略沒有討論物體落向地球時引起加速度的力。劃線部分abstainedfrom是回避的意思。因此C選項正確。

16.單選題

WhendoingbusinesswithanArab,youhavetoendurehoursofsmalltalk,waitingforthetopicofcommercetobebroached.

問題1選項

A.broken

B.raised

C.solved

D.concluded

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項broken“折斷；打碎；損壞”；B選項raised“提高，舉起；使（面包）發(fā)酵；撫育，撫養(yǎng)”；C選項solved“解決；解答”；D選項concluded“結(jié)束；推斷；作結(jié)論”。句意：當(dāng)你和一個阿拉伯人做生意時，你不得不忍受幾個小時的閑聊，等待商業(yè)的話題被提起。本句關(guān)鍵詞bebroached表示“被提出”，beraised可以做同義替換，表示被提出。因此B選項正確。

17.單選題

Manyproverbs（

）inancientGreeceandRomeandmedievalEurope,spreadingfromcountrytocountryinLatintexts.

問題1選項

A.designated

B.descended

C.originated

D.created

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。designated指明，指派；descend遺傳下來，來自；originated起源，來源，發(fā)生；create創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作。句意：許多來源于古希臘、羅馬和中世紀(jì)的歐洲的格言，以拉丁文字的形式在國家之間傳遞著。起源于originatein，只有C項符合句意，答案C。

18.單選題

Whencompaniesdobusinessoverseas,theycomeincontactwithpeoplefromdifferentcultures.Theseindividualsoftenspeakadifferentlanguageandhavetheirownparticularcustomandmanners.Thesedifferencescancreateproblems.

Forexample,inFrance,businessmeetingsbeginpromptlyatthedesignatedtimeandeveryoneisexpectedtobethere.Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoaretardyareoftenleftoutsidetocooltheirheelsasameansoflettingthemknowtheimportanceofpromptness.Unlessoneisawareofsuchexpectedbehaviorshemayendupinsultingthepeoplewithwhomhehopestoestablishtraderelations.

Asecondtraditionalproblemisthatofmonetaryconversions.Forexample,ifatransactionisconductedwithRussia,paymentmaybemadeinrubles.Ofcourse,thiscurrencyisoflittlevaluetotheAmericanfirm.Itis,therefore,necessarytoconverttheforeigncurrencytoAmericandollars.HowmucharetheseRussianrublesworthintermsofdollars?Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.Thusthereisanestablishedrate,althoughitwilloftenfluctuatefromdaytoday.Forexample,therublemaybeworth0.75onMondayand0.72onTuesdaybecauseofanannouncedwheatshortageinRussia.Inaddition,thereisthedilemmaassociatedwithconvertingat0.72.Somefinancialinstitutionsmaybeunwillingtopaythisprice,feelingthattherublewillsinkmuchloweroverthenextweek.Asaresult,conversionmayfinallycomeat0.69.These“l(fā)osses”mustbeacceptedbythecompanyasoneofthecostsofdoingbusinessoverseas.

Athirduniqueproblemistradebarriers.Foronereasonorano