考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣東松山職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣東松山職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

ThepompandceremonywithwhichPresidentBarackObamawillhostIndia’sPrimeMinisterManmohanSinghataWhiteHouse-statedinneronTuesdaywon’talteraperceptioninIndiathatithaslostgroundtoChinainthenewAdministration’sAsiapolicy.ManyinNewDelhisawObama’sperformancelastweekinBeijingasacquiescenttowardanemboldenedBeijing,NewDelhi’slongtimeregionalrival.AndtheyseeIndiahavingadiminishedroleintheeconomicandgeopoliticalcalculationsofObama’sWhiteHouse—atleastincomparisontothecentralityitenjoyedintheBushAdministration’sAsiapolicy.

TheymayhavewincedathisblundersinIraqandelsewhere,butmanyIndianswelcomedPresidentBush’sembrace,whichstrengthenedtiesbetweentheworld’slargestdemocraciestoanunprecedenteddegreeafterdecadesofColdWarestrangement.SinghfacedoppositionathomefrompartiesskepticalofclosetieswiththeU.S.,butstakedhispoliticalreputationonthegrowingrelationship—hisgovernmentwasalmostdeposedbypartiesoftheleftprotestinganuclear—technologydealheconcludedwiththeBushAdministration.

“UnderBush,IndiawasbeingencouragedtobeanAsianpower,”saysBrahmaChellaney,professorofstrategicstudiesattheCentreforPolicyResearch,aNewDelhi-basedthinktank.ImplicitintheBushagendawastheideaofhelpingarisingIndiabecomeademocraticbulwarkagainstauthoritarianChina.“Now”saysChellaney,“Obamaseesthingsthroughadifferentprism.”

OneexampleofthechangehasbeentheObamaAdministration’sscrappingofwhathadbeenknownasthequadrilateralinitiative,aloosealliancebetweenWashingtonandthreeotherprominentdemocraciesintheregion—India,JapanandAustralia—thatstagedjointnavalexercisesin2008.Chinasawtheinitiativeasdesignedtocreateasecuritybloctocontainit,andintheinterestsofimprovingrelationswithBeijing,Obamahasdeclinedtopursueit.

IndiananalystsbelieveObama’sforeignpolicyteammostlythinksofIndiainthecontextofotherregionalchallenges,particularlythedeterioratingsituationinAfghanistanandPakistan.China,withitsboomingeconomyandpositionasAmerica’sprimarycreditor,nowcarriesfarmoreweightinU.S.calculations.“ThegroundrealityisIndiaatthemomentdoesnotcountfortheU.S.inthesamewaythatChinaandPakistando,”saysBahukutumbiRaman,aformertopIndianintelligenceofficialandheadoftheCentreforTopicalStudiesinChennai.

Partofthepriceforthatnewreality,manyinIndiabelieve,isadowngradingoftheirownconcerns.SinghwillbeintheU.S.ontheanniversaryoflastyear’sMumbaiterrorattacks,traditionaltiestoPakistan’smilitaryintelligenceorganization,theISI.ButwhileObamaandhisAfghanistanenvoy,RichardHolbrooke,haveurgedIndiatomakeconcessionsonthedecades-oldKashmirdisputeinordertohelpWashington’seffortstopersuadethePakistanistofocusmoreresourcesonfightingtheTaliban,littlehasbeendonetocoercePakistantocrackdownonextremistgroupsusingitsterritoryasabasefortargetingIndia.TheagendaforSingh’svisitincludestalksonboostingintelligenceandcounterterrorismefforts,butIndiaremainsunwillingtobroachKashmirwithPakistanuntilIslamabaddemonstratesacommitmenttocrackdownonjihadistgroupsinitsmidst.

MoretroublingfortheIndiansthantheObamaAdministration’sprioritizingofAfghanistanwasaparagraphinthejointstatementreleasedduringthePresidentsBeijingvisit:itwelcomedChineseinvolvementinSouthAsiaandspokeofBeijing’sabilityto“promotepeace,stabilityanddevelopmentinthatregion.”InNewDelhi,thiswasreadasasignofU.S.acceptanceofChinaviewingSouthAsia—India’sneighborhood—aspartofitsownsphereofinfluence.Chellaneysawthestatementasa“returntoakindofColdWarthinkingwheretwogreatpowerscandictatetermstoalesserone.”China’slong-standingborderdisputeswithIndia,anditsbuildingupofthePakistanimilitary,makesmanyinNewDelhireluctanttowelcomeBeijingasabenignpresence.Indeed,somefearIndiaisbeingencircledbyChineselisteningpostsandbasesaroundtheIndianOcean.AndwhentensionsspikedlastmonthoverChinapressingitsclaimtoterritoryinsideIndia,theU.S.remainedsilent.India’sgovernmentinsiststhere’sroomenoughforbothIndiaandChinatopeacefullyemergeasworldpowers,andSinghhasmadenocomplaintsaboutthechangeinatmosphereinWashington.Hisvisit,heinsists,issimplyanopportunity“torenewthepartnership.”It’lllooktoformalizeelementsofthenucleardealpennedlastyear,whichgrantsIndiaaccesstoarangeoftechnologiesthatithadpreviouslybeenblockedfromacquiring.Measureswillalsobetakentoexpandtrade,promoteeducationallinksandboostcooperationonresearchintovaccines.Thetwosidesarealsoexpectedtosoundtherightnotesonclimatechangewithoutmakinganysubstantialcommitments.

Despitetheirconcernsaboutrecentdevelopmentsintherelationship,manyinIndiaareconfidentintheircountry’slong-termtieswiththeU.S.Morethan3-millionpeopleofIndianoriginnowliveintheU.S.,whileIndianscomprisethebiggestpoolofforeignstudentsinAmericanuniversities,andwealthyIndianprofessionalsarecreatinganincreasinglyeffectiveIndialobbyinWashington.“Indiamaynotbethetopprioritynow”saysRaman,“butthere’snoreasonwhyitwon’tbeinthefuture.”

1.HowdidtheIndiansperceiveObama’sAsianPolicy?

2.WhydoesObamachoosenottopursuethequadrilateralinitiative?

3.FortheIndiagovernment,whatwouldbethedownsideofObama’sAsianpolicy?

4.HowdoestheIndiangovernmentinterpretthejointstatementreleasedduringObama’svisitinBeijing?

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheybelievedtheObamaAdministrationappreciatedthefactthatBeijingwasbecomingbolder.

B.TheybelievedIndialostitscentralplaceintheBushAdministrationandObamafurtherdiminisheditsrole.

C.TheythoughtObamawastryingtofurtherstraintherelationsbetweenChinaandIndia,thetwolongtimeregionalrivals.

D.TheywereworryingthatIndiawasslightedbytheObamaAdministration.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.BecausetheObamaAdministrationbelievesChinashouldbeincludedinthealliance.

B.BecausetheObamaAdministrationbelievesthejointnavalexercisesin2008posedathreatandthusirritatedChina.

C.BecauseinObama’sAsianpolicy,BeijingoutweighsIndia.

D.BecausetheObamaAdministrationdoesnottakeIndiaasaregionalpowerbutratheranelementinthepursuitofregionalpeace.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.IndiawilllosesupportfromtheU.S.inmanyissuesofitsmajorconcern.

B.Thelong-standingborderdisputesbetweenIndiaandChinawouldnotbesolvedinthenearfuture.

C.IndiawouldfacemoreproblemscrackingdownterrorismsupportedbyPakistan.

D.IndiawouldfeelpowerlessincontainingChina.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.AColdWarwouldbreakoutbetweenIndiaandChina.

B.ChinawouldexertherinfluencetoSouthAsiancountries,includingIndia.

C.TheU.S.andChinawouldjointlycontainIndiawhichisanemergingpower.

D.PakistanwouldgetmoresupportfromChinaandtheU.S.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.SomeIndiananalystsareoptimisticabouttheIndian-USrelations.

B.LiketheBushAdministration,theObamaAdministrationtakesbothChinaandIndiaasrisingpowers.

C.TheObamaAdministrationprioritizesAfghanistanandPakistaninitsAsianpolicy.

D.Singh’svisitisto,amongothers,expandtrade,boostintelligenceandcounterterrorismeffortsandnegotiatewiththeObamaAdministrationaboutthefutureroleofIndiainAmericanAsianpolicy.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段的最后一句話“AndtheyseeIndiahavingadiminishedroleintheeconomicandgeopoliticalcalculationsofObama’sWhiteHouse—atleastincomparisontothecentralityitenjoyedintheBushAdministration’sAsiapolicy.（他們還認(rèn)為，印度在奧巴馬白宮的經(jīng)濟(jì)和地緣政治計(jì)算中的作用正在減弱，至少與它在布什政府的亞洲政策中所享有的中心地位相比是如此。）”，由此可推斷出印度人擔(dān)心被美國(guó)輕視。A選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為奧巴馬政府意識(shí)到北京正在變得更加大膽”；B選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為印度在布什政府中失去了中心地位，奧巴馬進(jìn)一步削弱了它的作用”；C選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為奧巴馬是在試圖進(jìn)一步加劇中國(guó)和印度這兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的地區(qū)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手之間的關(guān)系”；D選項(xiàng)“他們擔(dān)心印度被奧巴馬政府輕視”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段“theObamaAdministration’sscrappingofwhathadbeenknownasthequadrilateralinitiative（奧巴馬政府取消了所謂的四方倡議）”和“Chinasawtheinitiativeasdesignedtocreateasecuritybloctocontainit,andintheinterestsofimprovingrelationswithBeijing,Obamahasdeclinedtopursueit.（中國(guó)認(rèn)為這一舉措旨在建立一個(gè)安全集團(tuán)來(lái)遏制中國(guó)，為了改善與北京的關(guān)系，奧巴馬拒絕推行這一舉措。）”，由此可推斷出奧巴馬放棄四方倡議是因?yàn)榧づ酥袊?guó)。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)閵W巴馬政府認(rèn)為，中國(guó)應(yīng)該加入該聯(lián)盟”；B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)閵W巴馬政府認(rèn)為2008年的聯(lián)合海軍演習(xí)對(duì)中國(guó)構(gòu)成了威脅，因此激怒了中國(guó)”；C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樵趭W巴馬的亞洲政策中，北京比印度重要”；D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)閵W巴馬政府不把印度當(dāng)作一個(gè)地區(qū)大國(guó)，而是在追求地區(qū)和平的一個(gè)因素”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第六段“ButwhileObamaandhisAfghanistanenvoy,RichardHolbrooke,haveurgedIndiatomakeconcessionsonthedecades-oldKashmirdisputeinordertohelpWashington’seffortstopersuadethePakistanistofocusmoreresourcesonfightingtheTaliban,littlehasbeendonetocoercePakistantocrackdownonextremistgroupsusingitsterritoryasabasefortargetingIndia.（但是，盡管奧巴馬和他的阿富汗特使理查德?霍爾布魯克敦促印度在克什米爾爭(zhēng)端問(wèn)題上做出讓步，以幫助華盛頓說(shuō)服巴基斯坦將更多資源集中在打擊塔利班上，在迫使巴基斯坦打擊以其領(lǐng)土為基地以印度為目標(biāo)的極端組織方面，幾乎沒(méi)有采取什么行動(dòng)。）”，由此可推斷出印度和巴基斯坦之間將面臨更多問(wèn)題。A選項(xiàng)“印度將在其主要關(guān)注的許多問(wèn)題上失去美國(guó)的支持”；B選項(xiàng)“印度和中國(guó)之間長(zhǎng)期存在的邊界爭(zhēng)端不會(huì)在近期得到解決”；C選項(xiàng)“印度打擊巴基斯坦支持的恐怖主義將面臨更多問(wèn)題”；D選項(xiàng)“印度將感到無(wú)力遏制中國(guó)”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第七段“thiswasreadasasignofU.S.acceptanceofChinaviewingSouthAsia—India’sneighborhood—aspartofitsownsphereofinfluence.（這被解讀為美國(guó)接受中國(guó)將南亞和印度的鄰國(guó)視為自己勢(shì)力范圍的一部分。）”，由此可推斷出中國(guó)將會(huì)對(duì)南亞國(guó)家施加影響。A選項(xiàng)“印度和中國(guó)之間將爆發(fā)冷戰(zhàn)”；B選項(xiàng)“中國(guó)將對(duì)南亞國(guó)家施加影響，包括印度”；C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)和中國(guó)將聯(lián)合遏制印度這個(gè)新興大國(guó)”；D選項(xiàng)“巴基斯坦將從中國(guó)和美國(guó)獲得更多支持”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段“Indiamaynotbethetopprioritynow…butthere’snoreasonwhyitwon’tbeinthefuture.（印度現(xiàn)在可能不是最優(yōu)先考慮的國(guó)家……但沒(méi)有理由未來(lái)不會(huì)。）”，由此可知印度人對(duì)印美未來(lái)的關(guān)系仍持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。因此A選項(xiàng)“一些印度分析人士對(duì)印美關(guān)系持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度”正確。B選項(xiàng)“和布什政府一樣，奧巴馬政府把中國(guó)和印度都視為正在崛起的大國(guó)”；C選項(xiàng)“奧巴馬政府在其亞洲政策中優(yōu)先考慮阿富汗和巴基斯坦”；D選項(xiàng)“辛格此行的目的包括擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易、加強(qiáng)情報(bào)工作和反恐努力，以及與奧巴馬政府就印度未來(lái)在美國(guó)亞洲政策中所扮演的角色進(jìn)行談判”說(shuō)法都有誤，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Researchshouldcontinueoncontrollednuclearfusion,butnoenergyprogramshouldbepremisedonitsexistenceuntilithasprovedpractical.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.focused

B.concentrated

C.agreed

D.based

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們應(yīng)該繼續(xù)核聚變研究，但是不能把能量項(xiàng)目建立在它存在的，除非證明它的可行性。focus“集中，聚焦”；concentrate“集中（注意力）”；agree“同意”；base“以……為基礎(chǔ)”。根據(jù)后文的“onitsexistence”可推測(cè)出劃線單詞premise的意思是“以……為前提”，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.單選題

TheChinesefoodintheUnitedStatesisusually______forAmericanpeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.modified

B.cooked

C.exchanged

D.altered

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)modified“稍作修改，使更適合；使溫和”；B選項(xiàng)cooked“烹調(diào)”；C選項(xiàng)exchanged“交換”；D選項(xiàng)altered“更改；修改（衣服使更合身）”。句意：美國(guó)的中餐通常是根據(jù)美國(guó)人的口味進(jìn)行______的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指中餐到了美國(guó)就為了適應(yīng)美國(guó)人的口味而進(jìn)行微小的改變，A選項(xiàng)modified“稍作修改，使更適合”符合題意，D選項(xiàng)altered“更改”只有更改的意思，不是最佳選項(xiàng)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

IfHillaryClintonmadeherwidelyanticipatedbidforthepresidency,wouldheragebecomealegitimateissue?

SkepticshavealreadytakentotheInternettoraisetheirconcerns.IfClintonwonelectionin2016,atage69,shewouldbejustmonthsyoungerthanouroldestpresident.RonaldReagan,whenhewaselectedin1980.Onlyoneothercandidatein225years(WilliamHenryHarrison)movedintotheWhiteHousepastage65,andhishealthprovedsofragilethathecontractedpneumonia(肺炎)oninaugurationdayin1841anddiedamonthlater.Infact,abouthalfofthe43menwhohaveheldthenation’stopofficewitheredanddiedwellbeforeevenreachingHillary's2016ElectionDayage.

Thelasthalf-centuryofpresidentialhistoryservedtoshieldtheAmericanpeoplefromsuchbrutaltruthsaboutpresidentialmortality.TheassassinationofJohnF.Kennedyin1963,adefiningeventsforClintonandherfellowBabyBoomers,markedthelasttimeachiefexecutivediedinoffice.ButbeforethatbloodydayinDallas,duringasadspanof122years,sittingpresidentsperishedwithrevoltingregularity.

Harrisondiedfourweeksintohistermin1841,andZacharyTaylorsuccumbedtomysteriousdigestiveailmentsnineyearslater.AssassinskilledAbrahamLincolnin1865,JamesGarfieldin1881andWilliamMcKinleyin1901.CirculatoryproblemsclaimedWarrenHardingin1923,andacerebralhemorrhage(腦出血)dispatchedFranklinRooseveltin1945.AllthesedisastersstruckpresidentsyoungerthanHillarywouldbeonherfirstdayinoffice.ButabalancedresponsetoconcernsoverClinton’sagerevealsrecent,relevantchangesinpresidentiallifespansthatshouldreassuretheformerfirstladyandhersupporters.

NopresidentsinceLyndonJohnsonhasdiedbeforeage81，andfourofthesixlongest-livedpresidents(GeraldFord,RonaldReagan,GeorgeH.W.BushandJimmyCarter)haveheldtheofficesince1974.Thisreflectstheincreaseinlifeexpectancyforallofus.In1963,lifeexpectancystoodat69years,butnowwecananticipatesurvivalto79—agiftof10extrayears.

AnotherfactorworkinginHillary’sfavor:Womenlivelongerthanmenbyfiveyears(sorry,Bill).Thismeansthatatypicalwomanbornin1947(aswasHillary)canexpecttoliveanaverageof20moreyearsaftertoday—enoughtocovernotonlythetwotermsaspresidentthatherfansdesire,butanadditionaltenyearsasU.N.secretary-general,chiefjusticeoftheSupremeCourtorpresidentofYale.

NoneofthismeansthatapersonofClinton’sagewon’tfacesignificanthealthrisksundertheunimaginablepressuresofpresidentialservice.Likeanyothercandidate,shemustreleaserecordsdetailingeveryaspectofherpersonalmedicalhistory.Whenherhusband,Bill,firstranforpresidentatage46,hecouldgetawaywithprovidingonlyselectiveaccesstohismedicalrecords.Hillary,atage69,shouldsetadifferentstandard.

6.InAmericanhistory,wereelectedaspresidentsafter65_____.

7.WhatcanwelearnaboutHillaryClinton?

8.AllofthefollowingarefavorablefactorsforHillaryClinton,expect_____

9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

10.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.HillaryClintonandBillClinton

B.WilliamHenryHarrisonandRonaldReagan

C.JohnF.KennedyandJamesGarfield

D.WarrenHardingandLyndonJohnson

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.HillaryClintonisjustmonthsyoungerthanRonaldReagan.

B.Asababyboomer,HillaryClintonwasbornin1947.

C.HillaryClintonwasscaredbytheassassinationofJohnF.Kennedy.

D.HillaryClintonfirstranforpresidentwhenshewas46yearsold.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.ThefactthatJohnF.Kennedywasthelastpresidentdiedinoffice.

B.Theextendedlifeexpectancyforpeoplenowadays.

C.Thefactthatwomengenerallylivealongerlifethanmen.

D.WilliamHenryHarrison’sdeathduringhistimeinoffice.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.HillaryClintonwillsufferfromsignificanthealthproblemunderthetremendousstress.

B.IfHillaryClintonwantstowinothercandidates,shemusthideherpersonalmedicalhistory.

C.NopresidentialcandidateinAmericanhistoryhadescapedfromprovidingdetailedmedicalrecords.

D.HillaryClinton’shusband,Bill,mayhadrunforpresidentmorethanonce.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.CommentonwhetherHillaryClintonistoooldfor2016’spresidentialelection，

B.Thepresidentswhodiedfromtheseverepressuresofpresidentialservice.

C.AnewregulationonlegalageofthepresidentialelectioninAmerica.

D.AnintroductionofAmericanpresidentswhohaddonesomethinggreatintheirterm.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】6.推理判斷題，定位到第二段第二三四句話IfClintonwonelectionin2016,atage69,shewouldbejustmonthsyoungerthanouroldestpresident.RonaldReagan,whenhewaselectedin1980.Onlyoneothercandidatein225years(WilliamHenryHarrison)movedintotheWhiteHousepastage65,“如果希拉里以69歲的高齡贏得2016年大選，她就只比我們最年長(zhǎng)的總統(tǒng)小幾個(gè)月。羅納德?里根，他在1980年當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)。225年來(lái)，只有一位候選人(威廉?亨利?哈里森)在65歲之后搬進(jìn)了白宮”，從這里可知只有兩位總統(tǒng)就職美國(guó)總統(tǒng)時(shí)超過(guò)65歲——RonaldReagan和WilliamHenryHarrison，所以答案選B選項(xiàng)“威廉?亨利?哈里森和羅納德?里根”；

A選項(xiàng)“希拉里?克林頓和比爾?克林頓”，因?yàn)橄＠镌谧髡邔?xiě)文章的時(shí)候還沒(méi)當(dāng)總統(tǒng)，作者只是作假設(shè)，所以A不選，這里屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“約翰?肯尼迪和詹姆斯?加菲爾德”，文章沒(méi)有提及這兩個(gè)人什么時(shí)候當(dāng)?shù)目偨y(tǒng)，所以不選，這里屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“沃倫?哈丁和林登?約翰遜”文章沒(méi)有提及這兩個(gè)人什么時(shí)候當(dāng)?shù)目偨y(tǒng)，所以不選，這里屬于無(wú)中生有。

7.推理判斷題，定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句話TheassassinationofJohnF.Kennedyin1963,adefiningeventsforClintonandherfellowBabyBoomers,markedthelasttimeachiefexecutivediedinoffice，“1963年約翰?f?肯尼迪(JohnF.Kennedy)遇刺，是克林頓和她的“嬰兒潮一代”(BabyBoomers)同胞們的標(biāo)志性事件，也是最后一位在任的首席執(zhí)行官去世”，從這里可知希拉里確實(shí)是嬰兒潮時(shí)期出生的，而且根據(jù)她2016年69歲來(lái)算她是1947年出生的也可以印證，所以答案選B選項(xiàng)“作為嬰兒潮一代，希拉里出生于1947年?！?，

A選項(xiàng)“希拉里?克林頓只比羅納德?里根小幾個(gè)月”，定位到第二段第二三句話IfClintonwonelectionin2016,atage69,shewouldbejustmonthsyoungerthanouroldestpresident.RonaldReagan,whenhewaselectedin1980“如果希拉里以69歲的高齡贏得2016年大選，她就只比我們最年長(zhǎng)的總統(tǒng)小幾個(gè)月。羅納德?里根，他在1980年當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)”從這里可知不是希拉里比里根小幾個(gè)月而是如果希拉里上臺(tái)執(zhí)政的年齡只會(huì)比年紀(jì)最大的執(zhí)政總統(tǒng)——里根上臺(tái)時(shí)小幾個(gè)月，所以不選，這里屬于曲意理解；

C選項(xiàng)“希拉里?克林頓對(duì)約翰?f?肯尼迪遇刺感到害怕”，文章沒(méi)有提到希拉里被克林頓刺殺時(shí)被嚇到，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“希拉里?克林頓第一次競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)是在她46歲的時(shí)候”，定位到第七段倒數(shù)第二句話Whenherhusband,Bill,firstranforpresidentatage46,hecouldgetawaywithprovidingonlyselectiveaccesstohismedicalrecords.“當(dāng)她的丈夫比爾(Bill)在46歲時(shí)首次競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)時(shí)，他可以不受限制地提供自己的醫(yī)療記錄”，從這里可知，是她的丈夫在47歲的時(shí)候第一次競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)而不是希拉里自己，D選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴。

8.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，定位到第二段第四句話Onlyoneothercandidatein225years(WilliamHenryHarrison)movedintotheWhiteHousepastage65,andhishealthprovedsofragilethathecontractedpneumoniaoninaugurationdayin1841anddiedamonthlater.“225年以來(lái)，只有一位65歲以上的候選人(威廉?亨利?哈里森)入主白宮。事實(shí)證明，他的健康狀況非常脆弱，在1841年的總統(tǒng)就職日染上肺炎，一個(gè)月后就去世了?！边@里只是描述了一個(gè)事實(shí)沒(méi)有說(shuō)這是否對(duì)希拉里的選票有什么影響，這里屬于出處錯(cuò)誤，所以答案選D選項(xiàng)“威廉?亨利?哈里森在任期間去世”；

A選項(xiàng)“約翰?f?肯尼迪是最后一位在任期內(nèi)去世的總統(tǒng)”，定位到第四段倒數(shù)第一二句話AllthesedisastersstruckpresidentsyoungerthanHillarywouldbeonherfirstdayinoffice.ButabalancedresponsetoconcernsoverClinton’sagerevealsrecent,relevantchangesinpresidentiallifespansthatshouldreassuretheformerfirstladyandhersupporters.“所有這些災(zāi)難都發(fā)生在比希拉里上任第一天還年輕的總統(tǒng)身上。不過(guò)，針對(duì)對(duì)克林頓年齡的擔(dān)憂，人們做出了平衡的回應(yīng)，反映出總統(tǒng)任期最近發(fā)生的相關(guān)變化，應(yīng)該會(huì)讓這位前第一夫人和她的支持者感到放心?！?，從這里可以看出克林頓總統(tǒng)之前很多任總統(tǒng)都死在自己的任期之內(nèi)而且比希拉里還年輕，但是克林頓總統(tǒng)之后沒(méi)有總統(tǒng)死于自己的任期了，很多人對(duì)于總統(tǒng)的年齡問(wèn)題就不那么擔(dān)心了，這就導(dǎo)致希拉里不需要擔(dān)心選民會(huì)在乎自己的年齡，這對(duì)于希拉里來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)，所以A選項(xiàng)正確；

B選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在人們的預(yù)期壽命延長(zhǎng)了”，定位到第五段最后一句和第六段第一句In1963,lifeexpectancystoodat69years,butnowwecananticipatesurvivalto79—agiftof10extrayears.AnotherfactorworkinginHillary’sfavor:Womenlivelongerthanmenbyfiveyears“1963年，人們的平均壽命是69歲，但現(xiàn)在我們可以預(yù)期活到79歲——多活了10年。另一個(gè)對(duì)希拉里有利的因素是：女性比男性壽命長(zhǎng)5年”這兩句是連在一起的，第六段第一句說(shuō)希拉里的另一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)是女性比男性活的久，那么前面一段最后一句說(shuō)的是希拉里的第一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)—人均壽命變長(zhǎng)了，所以B選項(xiàng)正確；

C選項(xiàng)“女性通常比男性壽命長(zhǎng)”，見(jiàn)B選項(xiàng)解析，這里正確。

9.推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段倒數(shù)第一二句話Whenherhusband,Bill,firstranforpresidentatage46,hecouldgetawaywithprovidingonlyselectiveaccesstohismedicalrecords.Hillary,atage69,shouldsetadifferentstandard.“當(dāng)她的丈夫比爾(Bill)在46歲時(shí)首次競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)時(shí)，他可以不受限制地提供自己的醫(yī)療記錄。69歲的希拉里應(yīng)該樹(shù)立一個(gè)不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！睆倪@里的關(guān)鍵詞firstranfor“首次競(jìng)選”可知，后面還會(huì)有克林頓還會(huì)有第二次競(jìng)選，所以答案選D“希拉里?克林頓的丈夫比爾?克林頓可能不止一次競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)”；

A選項(xiàng)“希拉里?克林頓將在巨大的壓力下遭受嚴(yán)重的健康問(wèn)題”，定位到最后一段第一句話NoneofthismeansthatapersonofClinton’sagewon’tfacesignificanthealthrisksundertheunimaginablepressuresofpresidentialservice.“這并不意味著像克林頓這樣年齡的人在難以想象的總統(tǒng)工作壓力下不會(huì)面臨重大的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”，從這里作者是表明在承受巨大壓力之后希拉里并不能保證自己一直會(huì)保持健康，但是也沒(méi)有說(shuō)希拉里一定會(huì)生病，所以A選項(xiàng)不選，這里屬于曲意理解；

B選項(xiàng)“如果希拉里?克林頓想贏得其他候選人，她必須隱藏自己的個(gè)人病史”，定位到最后一段最后一句Hillary,atage69,shouldsetadifferentstandard.“69歲的希拉里應(yīng)該樹(shù)立一個(gè)不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，從這里可知文章只是說(shuō)希拉里以如此高齡去當(dāng)總統(tǒng)應(yīng)該設(shè)立一套不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)她要隱藏自己的健康史才能當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)，這里屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“在美國(guó)歷史上沒(méi)有一個(gè)總統(tǒng)候選人逃避提供詳細(xì)的醫(yī)療記錄”，定位到最后一段第二句話Likeanyothercandidate,shemustreleaserecordsdetailingeveryaspectofherpersonalmedicalhistory.“和其他候選人一樣，她必須公布詳細(xì)記錄她個(gè)人病史的各個(gè)方面的記錄”，從這里可知每個(gè)總統(tǒng)候選人都得提交健康證明，但是沒(méi)有說(shuō)是否有人成功逃避上交健康證明，這里屬于無(wú)中生有，所以不選。

10.主旨大意題。分析文章行文結(jié)構(gòu)，文章行文是總分總的結(jié)構(gòu)，一二段引出主語(yǔ)，先提出年齡是否會(huì)成為希拉里競(jìng)選的一個(gè)障礙，接下來(lái)三段提出因?yàn)榭夏岬现蟠虤⒒顒?dòng)銷聲匿跡，總統(tǒng)的壽命變長(zhǎng)，所以選民不再糾結(jié)希拉里的年齡問(wèn)題，年齡也不再成為希拉里競(jìng)選的阻礙，最后提出新問(wèn)題，即年齡雖然不會(huì)成為障礙但是民眾還是要考慮希拉里的健康問(wèn)題并給出了自己的建議，由此答案選A“評(píng)論希拉里?克林頓在2016年競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)是否太老了”；

B選項(xiàng)“死于工作壓力的總統(tǒng)”，文章最后一段只是提及并沒(méi)有具體展開(kāi)講，屬于以偏概全，所以不選；

C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)總統(tǒng)選舉年齡的新規(guī)定”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“介紹在任期內(nèi)做過(guò)大事的美國(guó)總統(tǒng)”，文章完全沒(méi)有提及總統(tǒng)在任期內(nèi)做過(guò)的事，屬于無(wú)中生有，所以不選。

5.單選題

Canyoufind（）atthehotelforthenight?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lodgings

B.accommodations

C.places

D.houses

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。lodging“寄宿”；accommodation“住處，膳宿”；place“地方”；house“住宅，家庭”。句意：你今晚能在酒店找到地方住嗎？B項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Researchersdisagreeonwhetherthe“useitorloseit”philosophyholdsforcognitiveaging,butthereisoneevidencethatkeepingmentallyactivecanslowage-relateddeclines.AtPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,SherryWillisandherhusband,K.WarnerSchaie,havestudied5000people,somesince1956.Peopleluckyenoughtoavoidchronicdiseasesmayalsofarebetterinintellectualfunction,theyfind,perhapsbecausechronicdiseasescanrestrictlifestyleandreducementalstimulation.Similarly,thoseluckyenoughtoberelativelyaffluentalsofarebetter,perhapsbecausemoneycanbuyintellectuallystimulatingthingsliketravel.

Educationhelpstoo.Researcherssaybecauseitinstillstheconvictionthatyoucanalwayslearnsomethingnew.TheSchaie-Willisteamalsohassomeotherobservations.Beinginastablemarriagewithastimulatingspouse,theysay,helpsmaintainintellectualvigor.

Flexibilitycountstoo.Peoplewhostaymentallyvibrantareoftenthosewhodonotinsistthat“theymustdothingstodayastheydidbefore”Schaiesays.Inneuropsychologicalterms,theabilitytoseeproblemsinnewwaysoftenyieldshigherscoresontestsofmentalfunction.Andpeoplesatisfiedwithlifealsostaymorementallyfit,hesays.

Ifyoufindyourmentalskillssagging,considerworkingonspecificdeficits.WhenWillisgave5-hourstutorialsoninductivereasoningorspatialskillstoabout200peoplewhoseskillshaddeclinedintheprevious14years,40percentregainedlostabilities.Thatadvantageheldupsevenyearslatewhentheywereretested.

Otherwaystostaysharp,Schaiesays,aredoingjigsawpuzzlestohonevisuo-spatialskills,workingcrosswordpuzzlesforverbalskills,andplayingbridgeformemoryandsimplymatchingwitsathomewithplayersonTVgameshows.

Finally,rememberthis.Eventhoughyoumaylosesomementalskillswithnormalaging,youalsogaininonekeyarea:wisdom.Thegrowthofwisdomcontinuesthroughoutthe40s,50sandeven60s.

1.Inthepassage,theauthormainlydiscusses（）.

2.Theword“it”inthesaying“useitorloseit”(paragraph1)refersto（）.

3.Accordingtotheresearchers,whichofthefollowingfactorsaffectscognitiveaging?

4.Fromthispassagewemaysafelyinferthat（）mighthelppreventmentaldeclines.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,allofthefollowingcantrulybesaidaboutwisdomEXCEPTthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theroleofmentalstimulationinpreventingmentalaging

B.graduallossofmentalskillswithnormalaging

C.therelationshipbetweenmentalfunctionandspatialskills

D.effectivewaystokeepintellectualvigor

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.brainpower

B.cognitivedevelopment

C.mentalsimulating

D.intellectualfunction

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Education

B.Chronicillness

C.Standardofliving

D.Alloftheabove

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.physicalexercises

B.socialinterconnections

C.rigiddailyroutines

D.ahealthydiet

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.wisdommaybethoughtofasaspecialformofabilitiesandknowledgecompletelydevelopedwithlifeexperience

B.wisdommaystillgrowevenwhentheprocessofmentalagingstarted

C.wisdomissuperiorinimportancetomentalskillssuchinductivereasoningandspatialskills

D.wisdommakesupanimportantpartofbrainpower

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“thereisoneevidencethatkeepingmentallyactivecanslowage-relateddeclines有證據(jù)表明，保持思維活躍可以減緩與年齡有關(guān)的衰退”，可知A項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“智力的刺激在防止智力老化方面的作用”；B項(xiàng)“隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)心智能力逐漸喪失”，與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“智力功能和空間技能之間的關(guān)系”，與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“保持智力活力的有效方式”，與原文不符，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“Researchersdisagreeonwhetherthe‘useitorloseit’philosophyholdsforcognitiveaging,butthereisoneevidencethatkeepingmentallyactivecanslowage-relateddeclines.研究人員對(duì)‘要么使用它，要么失去它’的理論是否適用于認(rèn)知老化持不同意見(jiàn)，但有證據(jù)表明，保持思維活躍可以減緩與年齡有關(guān)的衰退?！笨赏浦猧t在這里指代“智力的能力”。A項(xiàng)“腦力”；B項(xiàng)“認(rèn)知的發(fā)展”；C項(xiàng)“腦力的模擬”；D項(xiàng)“智力功能”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“Peopleluckyenoughtoavoidchronicdiseasesmayalsofarebetterinintellectualfunction幸運(yùn)地沒(méi)有患慢性疾病的人在智力功能方面可能進(jìn)展得更好”可知B項(xiàng)“慢性疾病”與原文相符；由第一段中“thoseluckyenoughtoberelativelyaffluentalsofarebetter那些足夠幸運(yùn)的相對(duì)富裕的人也過(guò)得更好”可知C項(xiàng)“生活水平”與原文相符；由第二段中“Educationhelpstoo教育也有幫助”可知A項(xiàng)“教育”與原文相符，A、B、C選項(xiàng)均正確。A項(xiàng)“教育”；B項(xiàng)“慢性疾病”；C項(xiàng)“生活水平”；D項(xiàng)“以上所有各項(xiàng)”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章第五段中“Otherwaystostaysharp…playingbridgeformemoryandsimplymatchingwitsathomewithplayersonTVgameshows.還有其他保持思維敏捷的方法……比如靠記憶打橋牌，或者在家與電視游戲節(jié)目中的玩家斗智。”可知B項(xiàng)“社會(huì)聯(lián)系”與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“身體鍛煉”；B項(xiàng)“社會(huì)聯(lián)系”；C項(xiàng)“固定的日常生活”；D項(xiàng)“健康的飲食”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章最后一段中“Eventhoughyoumaylosesomementalskillswithnormalaging,youalsogaininonekeyarea:wisdom.Thegrowthofwisdomcontinuesthroughoutthe40s,50sandeven60s.雖然隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，你可能會(huì)失去一些心智能力，但你也會(huì)在一個(gè)關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域獲得收獲：智慧。在40、50，甚至60歲，心智力都在不斷增長(zhǎng)?！保芍狝項(xiàng)“智慧可以被認(rèn)為是完全由生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)發(fā)展而來(lái)的能力和知識(shí)的一種特殊形式”、B項(xiàng)“即使大腦開(kāi)始老化，智慧仍然會(huì)增長(zhǎng)”及D項(xiàng)“智慧是腦力的重要組成部分”均與原文相符；而C項(xiàng)“智慧的重要性高于歸納推理和空間技能等心理技能”原文并未提及，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Childhoodmemoirsoftengaintheirpoignancythroughasenseofdisplacement:eachlessonisaccompaniedbyalossof（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.perspective

B.innocence

C.permission

D.veracity

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：童年記憶經(jīng)常由于取代感而更加哀傷，每一次教訓(xùn)都伴隨著

的丟失。

perspective洞察力，看法；innocence純潔，純真；permission允許，許可；veracity誠(chéng)實(shí)，真實(shí)。故選B。

8.單選題

Allworkers,regardlessoftheirsexandeducation,arerequiredto（）attheageof60.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resign

B.retire

C.regain

D.retain

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指退休，只有選項(xiàng)B符合要求。

9.單選題

Thailand'sPrimeMinistertoldthenationonalivetelevisionthatthegovernmentwasgoingto（）terrorists（）the"red-shirt"protesters.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hinder…from

B.distinguish…from

C.prevent..from

D.distinct…from

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。hinder…from妨礙，阻止；distinguish…from區(qū)分，辨別；prevent..from預(yù)防，防止；distinct…from與…不同。句意：泰國(guó)總理阿披實(shí)星期一在電視上對(duì)全國(guó)人民說(shuō)，將把恐怖分子和紅衫軍抗議者區(qū)分開(kāi)。只有B項(xiàng)符合句意。

10.單選題

Parentsoftenfallintothetrapofofferingotherfoodinorderto（

）thechildtoeat.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tempt

B.manipulate

C.incense

D.escort

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。tempt“吸引，誘使”；manipulate“操作，操控”；incense“使激怒”；escort“護(hù)送，陪同”。句意：家長(zhǎng)們常常陷入困境，通過(guò)別的食物來(lái)吸引孩子好好吃飯。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

11.單選題

（

）theway,wesetoffonfootintothedarknight.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theguideled

B.Withtheguideleading

C.Withtheguidetolead

D.Withtheguidelead

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的不定式表示將來(lái)或目的，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)。句中的guide（導(dǎo)游）與lead（帶領(lǐng)）之間表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此選B。句意：在導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下，我們?cè)诤谝估锊叫谐霭l(fā)了。

12.單選題

Gameshavebeenplayedforthousandsofyearsandarecommon（1）allcultures.Throughouthistoryand（2）theworldpeoplehaveusedstickstodrawsimplegameboardsontheground,（3）uprulesthatincorporatestonesorothercommonobjects（4）playingpieces.About5,000yearsagopeoplebegantomakemorepermanentgameboardsfromsun-driedmudorw