考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)消防救援學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)消防救援學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Whenglobalwarmingfinallycame,itstuckwithavengeance.Insomeregions,temperaturesroseseveraldegreesinlessthanacentury.Sealevelsshotupnearly400feet,floodingcoastalsettlementsandforcingpeopletomigrateinland.DesertsspreadthroughouttheworldasvegetationshifteddrasticallyinNorthAmerica,EuropeandAsia.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming:theglobal-warmingcrisisthatgaverisetoithappenedmorethan10,000yearsago.

AsenvironmentalistsconveneinRiodeJaneirothisweektopondertheglobalclimateofthefuture,earthscientistsareinthemidstofarevolutioninunderstandinghowclimatehaschangedinthepastandhowthosechangeshavetransformedhumanexistence.Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet'senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.

Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.Newresearchnowsuggeststhatclimateshiftshaveplayedakeyroleinnearlyeverysignificantturningpointinhumanevolution:fromthedawnofprimates(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物)some65millionyearsagotohumanancestorsrisinguptowalkontwolegs,fromthehugeexpansionofthehumanbraintotheriseofagriculture.Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.

ThenewresearchhasprofoundimplicationsfortheenvironmentalsummitinRio.Amongotherthings,thefindingsdemonstratethatdramaticclimatechangeisnothingnewforplanetEarth.Thebenign(宜人的)globalenvironmentthathasexistedoverthepast10,000years——duringwhichagriculture,writing,citiesandmostotherfeaturesofcivilizationappeared—isamerebrightspotinamuchlargerpatternofwidelyvaryingclimateovertheages.Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth'sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.

1.Farmingemergedasasurvivalstrategybecausemanhadbeenobliged.

2.Earthscientistshavecometounderstandthatclimate（

）.

3.Scientistsbelievethathumanevolution

（

）.

4.Evidenceofpastclimaticchangesindicatesthat

（

）.

5.Themessagetheauthorwishestoconveyinthepassageisthat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.togiveuphisformerwayoflife

B.toleavethecoastalareas

C.tofollowtheever-shiftingvegetation

D.toabandonhisoriginalsettlement

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.isgoingthroughafundamentalchange

B.hasbeengettingwarmerfor10,000years

C.willeventuallychangefromhottocold

D.hasgonethroughperiodicalchanges

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.hasseldombeenaccompaniedbyclimaticchanges

B.hasexertedlittleinfluenceonclimaticchanges

C.haslargelybeenaffectedbyclimaticchanges

D.hashadamajorimpactonclimaticchanges

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.humanactivitieshaveacceleratedchangesofEarth'senvironment

B.Earth’senvironmentwillremainmilddespitehumaninterference

C.Earth’sclimateisboundtochangesignificantlyinthefuture

D.Earth’sclimateisunlikelytoundergosubstantialchangesinthefuture

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.humancivilizationremainsgloriousthoughitisaffectedbyclimaticchanges

B.mankindisvirtuallyhelplessinthefaceofthedramaticchangesofclimate

C.manhastolimithisactivitiestoslowdowntheglobalwarmingprocess

D.humancivilizationwillcontinuetodevelopinspiteofthechangesofnature

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming...”在把他們周圍的許多動(dòng)物逼到瀕臨滅絕的邊緣后，人們被迫放棄他們?cè)械纳罘绞?，轉(zhuǎn)而采用一種全新的生存戰(zhàn)略，導(dǎo)致了大面積的饑餓和疾病。這種適應(yīng)就是農(nóng)業(yè)由此可知，農(nóng)業(yè)作為一種生存戰(zhàn)略出現(xiàn)是因?yàn)槿藗兎艞壛嗽械纳罘绞?，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

第2題:判斷推理題。題目問(wèn)的是氣候是如何變化的。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“earthscientists”定位到第二段的內(nèi)容“Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet'senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.”研究人員已經(jīng)開(kāi)始拼湊出一幅清晰的圖像，闡明強(qiáng)大的地質(zhì)和天文力量結(jié)合在一起改變了地球的環(huán)境，從熱到冷，從潮濕到干燥，周而復(fù)始這些可以追溯到數(shù)億年前。由此可以推斷，氣候的變化是周期性的，階段性的，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“humanevolution”定位到第三段“Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.”最重要的是，科學(xué)家們開(kāi)始意識(shí)到氣候變化對(duì)人類物種的進(jìn)化產(chǎn)生了重大影響。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth'sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.”事實(shí)上，過(guò)去的氣候變化模式表明，即使沒(méi)有人類活動(dòng)的影響，未來(lái)的地球氣候肯定也會(huì)經(jīng)歷巨大的變化。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第5題:主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是氣候變化對(duì)人類活動(dòng)的影響。文章末尾還指出，即使沒(méi)有人類活動(dòng)的影響，全球氣候依然會(huì)發(fā)生巨大的變化，所以作者主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是：面對(duì)氣候的急劇變化，人類實(shí)際上是無(wú)能為力的。選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.單選題

Whensnowcollectsontopofabuildingduringthewinter,theweightsometimesweakenstheconstructionandoccasionallycausestherooftocollapse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.melts

B.accumulates

C.selects

D.scatters

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.melts融化B.accumulates積累

C.selects選擇D.scatters分散

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義銜接

【解題思路】后文提到“積雪的重量有時(shí)會(huì)削弱建筑結(jié)構(gòu)（weakenstheconstruction），有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致屋頂?shù)顾╟ausestherooftocollapse）”，雪花本來(lái)是很輕的，只有積累到一定程度才會(huì)很重，有使房屋倒塌的能力，原詞collect“收集；聚集”，因此B選項(xiàng)accumulates“積累”與原詞最接近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)melts“融化”，雪花融化了就更不可能有使房屋倒塌的影響力了，不符合句意；

C選項(xiàng)selects“選擇”，沒(méi)有依據(jù)；

D選項(xiàng)scatters“分散”，分散了的話，重量會(huì)更輕，不會(huì)使房屋倒塌，不符合句意。

【句意】當(dāng)積雪在冬天堆積在建筑物頂部時(shí)，積雪的重量有時(shí)會(huì)削弱建筑結(jié)構(gòu)，有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致屋頂?shù)顾?/p>

3.單選題

Mentalandphysicalhealthprofessionalsmayconsiderreferringclientsandpatientstoamusictherapistforanumberofreasons.Itseemsaparticularlygoodchoiceforthesocialworkerwhoiscoordinatingaclient’scase.Musictherapistsusemusictoestablisharelationshipwiththepatientandtoimprovethepatient’shealth,usinghighlystructuredmusicalinteractions.Patientsandtherapistsmaysing,playinstruments,andcomposemusic,dance,orsimplylistentomusic,dance,orsimplylistentomusic.

Thecourseoftrainingformusictherapistsiscomprehensive.Inadditiontotheirformalmusicalandtherapytraining,musictherapistsaretaughttodiscernwhatkindsofinterventionswillbemostbeneficialforeachindividualpatient.Sinceeachpatientisdifferentandhasdifferentgoals,themusictherapistmustbeabletounderstandthePatient’ssituationandchoosethemusicandactivitiesthatwilldothemosttowardhelpingthepatientachievehisorhergoals.Thereferringsocialworkercanhelpthisprocessbyclearlyarticulatingeachclient'shistory.

Althoughpatientsmaydeveloptheirmusicalskills,thatisnotthemaingoalofmusictherapy.Anyclientwhoneedsparticularworkoncommunicationoronacademic,—emotionalandsocialskills,andwhoisnotrespondingtotraditionaltherapy,isanexcellentcandidateformusictherapy.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestorganizesthemaintopicsaddressedinthispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthispassage?

3.Accordingtoinformationpresentedinthepassage,musictherapycanbeprescribedforsocialworkclientswho（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowinginferencescanbedrawnfromthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ITheroleofmusictherapyinsocialworkIILocatingamusictherapistIIIHowtotrainmusictherapists

B.IUsingmusicintherapyIIAtypicalmusictherapyinterventionIIIWhentoprescribemusictherapyforsociopaths

C.IMusictherapyandsocialworkIITrainingformusictherapistsIIISkillsaddressedbymusictherapy

D.IHowtochooseamusictherapistIIWhentorefertoamusictherapistIIIWhobenefitsthemostfrommusictherapy

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.HowtoUseMusictoCombatDepression

B.MusicTherapy:ARoleinSocialWork?

C.TrainingforaCareerinMusicTherapy

D.TheSocialWorkerasMusicTherapist

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.needtodevelopcopingskills

B.wereorphanedaschildren

C.needtoresolvefamilyissues

D.needtoimprovesocialskills

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Musictherapycansucceedwheretraditionaltherapieshavefailed.

B.Musictherapyisarelativelynewfield.

C.Musictherapyisparticularlybeneficialforyoungchildren.

D.Musictherapyisonlyappropriateinalimitednumberofcircumstances.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.主旨概括題。題目提問(wèn)‘下列哪項(xiàng)最好地組織了這篇文章的主題?’文章共三段，第一段的主要話題是音樂(lè)療法與社會(huì)工作，第二段的主題是音樂(lè)理療師的培訓(xùn)，第三段是音樂(lè)療法的目的及針對(duì)的主要人群，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.主旨概括題。題目提問(wèn)‘以下哪個(gè)是這篇文章最合適的標(biāo)題？’由上一題可知文章的主要講音樂(lè)療法與社會(huì)工作，所以B選項(xiàng)‘音樂(lè)療法：在社會(huì)中的角色’正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。題目提問(wèn)‘根據(jù)信息的通道，音樂(lè)療法可以為…….社會(huì)工作客戶治療？’根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句“Anyclientwhoneedsparticularworkoncommunicationoronacademic,—emotionalandsocialskills,andwhoisnotrespondingtotraditionaltherapy,isanexcellentcandidateformusictherapy.任何需要在溝通或?qū)W術(shù)、情感和社交技能方面進(jìn)行特殊工作的客戶，如果對(duì)傳統(tǒng)療法沒(méi)有反應(yīng)，都是音樂(lè)療法的最佳人選?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)‘需要發(fā)展應(yīng)對(duì)技巧’正確。

4.推斷題。題目提問(wèn)‘下列哪個(gè)推論可以從文章中得出?’，所以直接看選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)‘在傳統(tǒng)療法失敗的地方，音樂(lè)療法都能成功’表達(dá)過(guò)于絕對(duì)，與文中的“對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的心理療法不起作用的病人可以參加音樂(lè)療法培訓(xùn)”不符，排除；C選項(xiàng)‘音樂(lè)療法尤其有益于幼兒’不正確，因?yàn)槲闹卸紱](méi)有提及幼兒，排除；根據(jù)文中最后一句“對(duì)傳統(tǒng)治療方法不起作用的任何人都是音樂(lè)療法的最佳人選”確定音樂(lè)療法的適用性很廣，所以D選項(xiàng)‘音樂(lè)療法僅僅適用于有限的情況’不正確。根據(jù)排除法及常識(shí)可推知B選項(xiàng)‘音樂(lè)療法是一個(gè)比較新的領(lǐng)域’正確。

4.單選題

OnthenorthbankoftheOhioRiversitsEvansville,Ind.,homeofDavidWilliams,52,andofariverboatcasino(aplacewheregamblinggamesareplayed).Duringseveralyearsofgamblinginthatcasino,Williams,astateauditorearning$35,000ayear,lostapproximately$175,000.Hehadnevergambledbeforethecasinosenthimacouponfor$20worthofgambling.

Hevisitedthecasino,lostthe$20andleft.Onhissecondvisithelost$800.Thecasinoissuedtohim,asagoodcustomer，a“FunCard”，whichwhenusedinthecasinoearnspointsformealsanddrinks,andenablesthecasinototracktheuser’sgamblingactivities.ForWilliams,thoseactivitiesbecomewhathecalls“electronicheroin”.

(1).

In1997helost$21，000tooneslotmachineintwodays.InMarch1997helost$72,186.Hesometimesplayedtwoslotmachinesatatime,allnight,untiltheboatdockedat5a.m.,thenwentbackaboardwhenthecasinoopenedat9a.m.Nowheissuingthecasino,chargingthatitshouldhaverefusedhispatronagebecauseitknewhewasaddicted.Itdidknowhehadaproblem.InMarch1998afriendofWilliams’sgothiminvoluntarilyconfinedtoatreatmentcenterforaddictions,andwrotetoinformthecasinoofWilliams’sgamblingproblem.ThecasinoincludedaphotoofWilliamsamongthoseofbannedgamblers,andwrotetohima“ceaseadmissions”letter.Notingthemedical/psychologicalnatureofproblemgamblingbehavior,thelettersaidthatbeforebeingreadmittedtothecasinohewouldhavetopresentmedical/psychologicalinformationdemonstratingthatpatronizingthecasinowouldposenothreattohissafetyorwell-being.

(2).

TheWallStreetJournalreportsthatthecasinohas24signswarning:“Enjoythefun...andalwaysbetwithyourhead,notoverit.”Everyentranceticketlistsatoll-freenumberforcounselingfromtheIndianaDepartmentofMentalHealth.Nevertheless,Williams’suitchargesthatthecasino,knowinghewas“helplesslyaddictedtogambling”，intentionallyworkedto“l(fā)ure”himto“engageinconductagainsthiswill”.Well.

(3).

ThefourtheditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorderssays“pathologicalgambling”involvespersistent,recurringanduncontrollablepursuitlessofmoneythanofthrilloftakingrisksinquestofawindfall.

(4).

Pushedbyscience,orwhatclaimstobescience,societyisreclassifyingwhatoncewereconsideredcharacterflawsormoralfailingsaspersonalitydisordersakintophysicaldisabilities.

(5).

Forty-fourstateshavelotteries,29havecasinos,andmostofthesestatesaretovaryingdegreesdependenton—youmightsayaddictedto—revenuesfromwagering.AndsincethefirstInternetgamblingsitewascreatedin1995,competitionforgamblers,dollarshasbecomeintense.TheOct.28issueofNewsweekreportedthat2milliongamblerspatronize1,800virtualcasinoseveryweek.With$3.5billionbeinglostonInternetwagersthisyear,gamblinghaspassedpornographyastheWeb’smostprofitablebusiness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.

B.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?

C.Bythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.

D.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaisthegovernment.

E.DavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonit.

F.Itisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.

G.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.ButevenifthegovernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingso?

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.

B.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?

C.Bythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.

D.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaisthegovernment.

E.DavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonit.

F.Itisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.

G.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.ButevenifthegovernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingso?

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.

B.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?

C.Bythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.

D.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaisthegovernment.

E.DavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonit.

F.Itisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.

G.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.ButevenifthegovernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingso?

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.

B.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?

C.Bythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.

D.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaisthegovernment.

E.DavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonit.

F.Itisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.

G.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.ButevenifthegovernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingso?

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.

B.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?

C.Bythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.

D.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaisthegovernment.

E.DavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonit.

F.Itisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.

G.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.ButevenifthegovernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingso?

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:F

第5題:D

【解析】1.考查上下文語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)空格上文，描述了Williams從一開(kāi)始不賭博到輸錢的數(shù)目越來(lái)越大，說(shuō)明他的賭癮也越來(lái)越大，空格后文也提到了他玩老虎機(jī)也輸了很多錢，所以根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，推斷出空格中的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該和他輸錢的經(jīng)歷相關(guān)，用輸錢的具體數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比，最能說(shuō)明他上癮的過(guò)程。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.邏輯關(guān)系題?？崭裆衔奶岬酵返呐笥褜⑺瓦M(jìn)了戒毒中心，并且賭場(chǎng)也把威廉姆納入了禁止賭博人名單內(nèi)，認(rèn)為賭博行為對(duì)他造成了心理和健康傷害，在下次進(jìn)入賭場(chǎng)前，需要提供賭場(chǎng)不會(huì)給他造成安全和健康威脅的證明。空格下文提到盡管賭場(chǎng)知道他成癮了，但是仍然誘惑他做違背自己意愿的事，還是繼續(xù)縱容他。前后形成了一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折，盡管威廉姆沒(méi)有出示證明，賭場(chǎng)仍然給他發(fā)郵件，而且進(jìn)賭場(chǎng)使用娛樂(lè)卡并沒(méi)有被發(fā)現(xiàn)。所以賭場(chǎng)并沒(méi)有按上文說(shuō)的抑制他賭博成癮的行為，而是繼續(xù)誘惑縱容他。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.考查上下文語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)上文，“workedto‘lure’himto‘engageinconductagainsthiswill’…”，賭場(chǎng)明明知道他賭博成癮還試圖引誘他從事一些違背自己意愿的行為，所以空格是對(duì)這一段內(nèi)容的一個(gè)承接，是對(duì)上一句話的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充，B選項(xiàng)中也有l(wèi)ure和will兩個(gè)單詞，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.考查上下文語(yǔ)義題?？崭袂耙痪涮岬剑睦碚系K診斷統(tǒng)計(jì)手冊(cè)第四版為“病理賭博”下了定義，其表現(xiàn)為：持續(xù)、反復(fù)且無(wú)法自控地對(duì)金錢的追求，尋求意外之財(cái)?shù)拿半U(xiǎn)的刺激?？崭駪?yīng)該是對(duì)“病理賭博”這一醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步解釋，下文出現(xiàn)“characterflaws”性格缺陷和選項(xiàng)中的“weaknessofwill”意志薄弱，形成了照應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)F符合題意。

5.考查上下文語(yǔ)義題?？崭裆衔奶岬矫绹?guó)社會(huì)正在把以前視為性格缺陷或精神失常的情況重新劃為殘障病態(tài)人之內(nèi)，所以空格應(yīng)該會(huì)對(duì)這個(gè)話題進(jìn)行總結(jié)，選項(xiàng)D中“asin,orasocialdisease”一種罪惡，一種社會(huì)疾病，呼應(yīng)了上文?？崭裣挛奶岬搅耍诿绹?guó)，賭博具有普遍性，存在很多彩票和賭場(chǎng)，線上賭博網(wǎng)站獲利最豐，說(shuō)明美國(guó)政府是支持賭博行業(yè)的。選項(xiàng)D也提到了美國(guó)政府是賭博最積極最重要的推動(dòng)者，啟示了下文。所以D項(xiàng)是一個(gè)過(guò)渡語(yǔ)段，承上啟下。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.單選題

Joereturnedfromvacationandwokeupcompletely（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refreshed

B.beingrefreshed

C.havingrefreshed

D.havingbeenrefreshed

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。B選項(xiàng)是動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式，“beingdone”，C選項(xiàng)是動(dòng)名詞的完成形式“havingdone”，D選項(xiàng)是動(dòng)名詞的完成+被動(dòng)形式“havingbeendone”，句意：?jiǎn)潭燃倩貋?lái)，醒來(lái)后精神抖擻。所以本題的正確答案應(yīng)該是A選項(xiàng)。

6.單選題

Onemajorobstacle[A]toeconomicdevelopmentispopulationgrowth.[B]Thepopulationsofmostdevelopingcountriesgrowataratemuchfasterthan[C]thatofindustrializedcountries.Onereasonforthisgrowthisthehighcrudebirth-rate—thenumberof[D]livebirthsper1,000people.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.Thepopulations

C.that

D.livebirths

【答案】C

【解析】考查代詞用法。B選項(xiàng)與C選項(xiàng)中間有比較標(biāo)志than說(shuō)明兩者之間有比較。C選項(xiàng)的that指代thepopulations，應(yīng)與前面的復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致，應(yīng)把that改為those。

7.單選題

Herfamilytakes（）overherwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.percentage

B.priority

C.perspect

D.preparation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)percentage“百分比；百分率”；B選項(xiàng)priority“優(yōu)先；優(yōu)先權(quán)”；C選項(xiàng)perspect“專輯名稱”；D選項(xiàng)preparation“預(yù)備；準(zhǔn)備。句意：對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)，家庭比工作重要。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意，takepriorityoversth.優(yōu)先考慮，優(yōu)先于某事。

8.單選題

Nuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefitthepeople______harmthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.morethan

B.otherthan

C.ratherthan

D.muchthan

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)morethan“多于”，B項(xiàng)otherthan“除了，不同于”，C項(xiàng)ratherthan“而不是”，D項(xiàng)muchthan“比……多”。根據(jù)空格前后的benefitthepeople（造福于人）和harmthem（傷害他們）可知，前后是對(duì)比關(guān)系，填入ratherthan符合。句意：發(fā)展核科學(xué)應(yīng)該造福人民，而不是危害人民。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

Wemustlearntomeetmisfortunegracefully.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adversity

B.famine

C.enormity

D.nuance

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.adversity逆境；不幸B.famine饑荒

C.enormity巨大；暴行D.nuance細(xì)微差別

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意：我們必須學(xué)會(huì)優(yōu)雅地面對(duì)不幸。劃線詞misfortune意為“厄運(yùn)；不幸”。因此A選項(xiàng)與之意思相近，選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】我們必須學(xué)會(huì)優(yōu)雅地面對(duì)不幸。

10.單選題

Theyoungwomanwassobeautifulthatshe______everyotherwomanattheball.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.belittled

B.foiled

C.offset

D.eclipsed

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.belittled貶低；小看B.foiled挫?。蛔柚?/p>

C.offset抵消；彌補(bǔ)D.eclipsed使失色；黯然失色

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)so…that可知，此處是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)前半句句意“那位年輕女子是如此漂亮”可推知，she______everyotherwoman是指“她令其他女子黯然失色”，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】那位年輕女子太漂亮了，使舞會(huì)上的其他婦女黯然失色。

11.單選題

Marriedcouplescangetadivorceiftheyfindtheyarenot（

）

.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compatible

B.comparable

C.comfortable

D.communicable

【答案】A

【解析】compatible能共處的,兼容的；comparable可比較的,比得上的；communicable可傳達(dá)的,會(huì)傳染的。句意:已婚夫婦如果發(fā)現(xiàn)彼此不能和諧共處,可以選擇離婚。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

12.單選題

We’dbetter（

）thewholeplaceincaseit’sbeenbugged.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.leavealone

B.checkout

C.takedown

D.pulldown

【答案】B

【解析】leavealone不管,不打擾；checkout檢查；takedown拿下,記下；pulldown推翻,摧毀。句意:我們最好把整個(gè)地方都檢查一下,以防被安了竊聽(tīng)器。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

13.單選題

Atallagesandatallstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone."Wearelargelytheplaythingsofourfears,"wrotetheBritishauthorHoraceWalpolemanyyearsago."Toone,fearofthedark;toanother,ofphysicalpain;toathird,ofpublicridicule;toafourth,ofpoverty;toafifth,ofloneliness—forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace."

Fearisoftenausefulemotion.Whenyoubecomefrightened,manyphysicalchangesoccurwithinyourbody.Yourheartbeatandresponsesquicken;yourpupilsexpandtoadmitmorelight;largequantitiesofenergy-producingadrenaline（腎上腺素）arepouredintoyourbloodstream.Confrontedwithafireoraccident,fearcanfuellife-savingflight.Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.

Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear-producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Yetaneighborinthenextbedmaycryoutwithprofoundfright.Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.

Further,psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.AyoungmannamedBill,forexample,grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobeovercomewithimaginationandcourage.Usinghisfatherasamodel,Billcametowelcomeadventureandtotrusthisownabilitytosolveproblem.

Phil'sdad,however,spentmostofhistimetryingtoprotecthimselfandhisfamily.Afraidtorisktheinsecurityofajobchange,heremainedunhappyinoneposition.Heavoidedlongvacationsbecause"thecarmightbreakdown."Growingupinsuchahome,Philnaturallylearnedtobecomefearfulandtense.

1.InthelastsentenceofParagraph1,"ourparticularcreature"refersto（）.

2.Fearcanbeausefulemotiontousbecauseitcan（）.

3.Fearbecomesaproblemonlywhen（）.

4.Differentresponsesofnewborninfantstoaloudlyslammeddoorimplythat（）.

5.Psychologistshavefoundthatourlaterfearsaredeterminedlargelybyour（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fearofsomething

B.afiercebeast

C.physicalpain

D.publicridicule.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.stimulatemanyphysicalchangeswithinourbody

B.quickenourheartbeatandresponses

C.pourlargequantitiesofadrenalineintoourbloodstream

D.helpusrespondquicklytodangerandprotectourselves.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thedangeristhoughtgreaterthanitreallyis.

B.thedangerismorepsychologicalthanphysical

C.onecannotstandthedanger

D.oneisnotwellpreparedforit

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.somepeopleareinherentlymoreeasilyaffectedbydanger.

B.people'sresponsetostimuliisnotaninheritedfeature

C.somepeopleseemtobeverysensitivetonoise.

D.peoplesometimesseemtoturnadeafeartonoise.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.homeeducation

B.schooleducation

C.parents'lifestyle

D.earlyexperiences

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)上文提到的，恐懼對(duì)每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)幾乎都是一個(gè)問(wèn)題，每個(gè)人害怕的事物不一樣，所以這里提到的我們這些特殊的生物是指對(duì)某種事物感到害怕。選項(xiàng)A正確，選項(xiàng)B，C，D都是指某一類人害怕的東西，不能以偏概全，所以錯(cuò)誤。

2.根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，恐懼是一種有用的情感是因?yàn)樗軒椭覀兠鎸?duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)快速做出反應(yīng)并自我保護(hù)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。其他選項(xiàng)都只涉及生理反應(yīng)而忽略了心理反應(yīng)，太片面。

3.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.”只有當(dāng)恐懼與眼前的危險(xiǎn)不成比例時(shí)，它才會(huì)成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題。也就是說(shuō)，當(dāng)危險(xiǎn)被認(rèn)為比實(shí)際上更大時(shí)，恐懼就會(huì)成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段第一句“Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.”有些人只是比其他人更容易受到恐懼的影響。以及第三段的最后一句“Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.”從出生開(kāi)始，他或她更容易學(xué)習(xí)恐懼的反應(yīng)，因?yàn)樗蛩z傳了一種更敏感的傾向。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.根據(jù)第四段的第一句“psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.”可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

14.單選題

Suchanapproachforcesthemanagerstocommunicatewithoneanotherandhelps（

）rigiddepartmentalboundaries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.passover

B.standfor

C.breakdown

D.setoff

【答案】C

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。passover“越過(guò)，忽略”；standfor“代表，支持”；breakdown“分解；消除；失?。话l(fā)生故障”；setoff“出發(fā)，引起”。句意：這種方法迫使經(jīng)理們相互交流，幫助他們消除嚴(yán)格的部門界限。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

15.單選題

Mr.Jenkinsdrovealongathisusualhighspeed（

）forpolicecarsinhismirrorfromtimetotimetomakesurehewassafe.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pullingout

B.runningthrough

C.goingahead

D.watchingout

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。pullout“離開(kāi)；撤離；拔出”；runthrough“跑