考研考博-英語-廣西機電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西機電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Topullapersonalitytogethertakesinnerreservesofpowerd（

）from

beyondoneself.

問題1選項

A.assimilated

B.accumulated

C.congregated

D.infiltrated

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:人格形成需要內(nèi)在的力量儲存，這些力量不僅僅是自己積累出來的。

assimilated吸收；使同化；把...比作；使相似。accumulated累積。congregated聚集。infiltrated（使）透過，（使）浸入。

2.單選題

AttheInterviewIntheinterviewtofindjobs,youneedtodothefollowingthings.

1.Thefirsttwoorthreeminutesareimportantinestablishingrapport.Trytodevelopafriendlyapproach,smile,relax,shakehands,addressthepersonbyname.Lookattheinterviewerandshowinterestinwhatisbeingsaid.

2.Takeamomenttothinkabouttheanswerstothequestions.Listencarefully;speakclearlyanddonotrush.

3.Benaturalandhonest.Bepositiveandconcentrateonachievementsandexperience.Donotmakefalseclaims.

4.Donotanswerjust’'yes”or"no";supportyouranswerswithexamplesandgivereasonsforyouropinions.Atthesametime,sticktothepointandrememberthattheinterviewer'stimeislimited.

5.Thestatusofthepersoninterviewingyoumayhaveabearingonthewayyouapproachyourmeeting.Apersonnelofficeassessing,candidatesforashortlistwillusuallynotbeinapositiontodiscusstechnicalities,anymorethanthesalesmanagercangiveyouthedetailsofthecompanypensionscheme.However,occasionallypersonnelstaffareequippedwithlistsofhighlytechnicalquestionsandtrainedtoassessyourresponseeventhoughtheyarenotexpertsthemselves.

6.Usetheinterviewtofindoutwhatyouwanttoknowaboutthejobandtheorganization.Havealistofquestionsreadytocoveranytopicsnotdealtwithbytheinterviewer.Makesureyouhavealltheinformationyouneed,notonlyabouttheactualpost,butabouttheorganizationitself,includingsuchaspectsascareerprospects,pensionscheme,andfringebenefits.

7.Useeveryopportunitytostressthatyouarenotjustafteranyoldjobbutthatyouarereallykeentoworkforthecompanywhichisinterviewingyou.

Aboutall,trynottotreattheinterviewasanexaminationinwhichyouarealwaysonthereceivingend.Useitinsteadasanopportunityforafullandfrankexchangeofinformation.Don’tbeafraidtoaskformoreinformationortoputyourownquestions.

1.Itisimportantfortheintervieweetobe

（

）

ataninterview.

2.Personnelofficersare

（

）

todiscusstechnicalities

.

3.Itiswisetohavealistofquestionstoask

（

）.

4.Showtheinterviewerthatyouare

（

）

toworkforhiscompany

.

5.Ataninterviewtheinterviewee（

）.

問題1選項

A.atease

B.casual

C.formal

D.respectful

問題2選項

A.alwaysqualified

B.neverqualified

C.notalwaysqualified

D.unqualified

問題3選項

A.beforeaninterview

B.atthebeginningofaninterview

C.attheendofaninterview

D.afteraninterview

問題4選項

A.anxious

B.desperate

C.eager

D.willing

問題5選項

A.canaskquestions

B.hastoanswerquestions

C.hastoaskquestions

D.shouldaskquestions

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。文章第一段提到“盡量展示出自己友好的一面，微笑，放松，握手，稱呼對方”（Trytodevelopafriendlyapproach,smile,relax,shakehands,addressthepersonbyname），這些都是得體的表現(xiàn)，因此選項D符合題意。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。文章第六段提到“有時候人事專員會準(zhǔn)備一些技術(shù)問題，他們會評估你的回答，盡管他們自己不是專家”（however,occasionallypersonnelstaffareequippedwithlistsofhighlytechnicalquestionsandtrainedtoassessyourresponseeventhoughtheyarenotexpertsthemselves），由此可知，并不是所有的人事專員的專業(yè)知識都很強的，所以選項C符合題意。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。文章第七段提到“列好一張全面問答的清單，有些問題面試官不會涉及”（havealistofquestionsreadytocoveranytopicsnotdealtwithbytheinterviewer），可知這些問題是在面試前已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，因此選項A符合題意。

第4題:詞義題。文章第八段提到“利用每一個機會強調(diào)你不僅僅是想要一份工作，而是真的很想為面試你的這家公司工作”（useeveryopportunitytostressthatyouarenotjustafteranyoldjobbutthatyouarereallykeentoworkforthecompanywhichisinterviewingyou），因此選項C符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到“不要害怕詢問更多的信息或者提出自己的疑問”（Don’tbeafraidtoaskformoreinformationortoputyourownquestions），因此選項A符合題意。

3.單選題

Anarrowhasasharp,pointedheadwithwhichitperforatesitstarget.

問題1選項

A.facestoward

B.follows

C.pierces

D.fliestoward

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。perforate表示“穿過，穿孔”。A項facetoward“正對著”，B項follow“跟隨”，C項pierce“刺穿，穿破”，D項flytoward“飛向”；句意：箭頭前端很尖銳，可以用它來刺穿目標(biāo)物。根據(jù)句意該題選C。

4.單選題

Anotherurgentproblem（

）thenewkingdomwasthatoftheeducationofitscitizens.

問題1選項

A.conflicting

B.confronting

C.competing

D.combating

【答案】B

【解析】句意:新王國面對的另一個緊迫問題是國民教育的問題。

考查動詞辨析。四個選項均為對應(yīng)動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。Conflict沖突,抵觸（不及物動詞，后跟with或against）;confront面對，遭遇，比較,可做及物動詞;compete競爭，比賽，對抗（不及物動詞，后跟with或against）;combat反對，與…戰(zhàn)斗。分析題干可知空格處應(yīng)填及物動詞,因此B項無論從語義還是從搭配上都符合題意。

5.單選題

Mac’sclose（

）tohisbrothermadepeoplemistakethemforoneanother.

問題1選項

A.resemblance

B.identity

C.appearance

D.relationship

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。resemblanceto“與…相像”。句意：麥克和弟弟長得很相像，人們常常把他們倆認錯。由后文“peoplemistakethemforoneanother”可知Mac兩兄弟長得很像。答案A

6.單選題

Itwas（

）thelasttimearoundthetrack（

）Ireallykickeditin—passingthegossipinggirlfriends,blockingoutthewhistlesofboyswhohadalreadycompletedtheirrunandnowwerehangingoutonthegrassyhill,Iranpushinghard,breathingshallowly,knowingfullwellthatIwasgoingtohavetohearaboutitfrommydisapprovingfriendsforthenextfewdays.

問題1選項

A.notuntil...when

B.notuntil...that

C.until...when

D.until...that

【答案】B

【解析】由選項及題干可知本題考查“not…until…”強調(diào)句型“Itis/wasnotuntil…that…”，因此B選項符合題意。

7.單選題

Planningourvocationwemusttakethefrequent（）oftheweatherintoconsideration.

問題1選項

A.transformation

B.transmission

C.transaction

D.transition

【答案】A

【解析】transformation轉(zhuǎn)化,轉(zhuǎn)換；transmission傳遞。傳播；transaction交易；transition過渡。句意：計劃假期的時候,我們必須把變化莫測的天氣考慮進去。

8.單選題

Thehumanintelligencethatcreatedindustrialcivilizationnowhastheassignmentofmakingthatcivilization（

）man’sbasicprerequisites.

問題1選項

A.compatiblewith

B.warrantablefor

C.assignableto

D.reducibleto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。compatiblewith“與······兼容的；與······和諧相處的”；warrantablefor“對······是可擔(dān)保的”；assignableto“分配到”；reducibleto“簡化為；歸于”。句意：如今，創(chuàng)造工業(yè)文明的人類智慧的任務(wù)是讓文明與人類的基本先決條件和諧相處。由“industrialcivilization”與“man’sbasicprerequisites”可知A項符合語境，故A項正確。

9.單選題

Noonereallyknowswhocomposedthispieceofmusic,butithadbeen（）toBach.

問題1選項

A.associated

B.identified

C.attributed

D.considered

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。associate通常與with搭配,意為"交往,結(jié)合";identifyto"認出,識別";attributeto"歸屬,把……歸于",consider不與to搭配。句意：沒人知道是誰譜寫了這首曲子,但它是巴赫的作品。選項C正確。

10.單選題

Ofrecentinventions,itisperhapsthemotorcarwhichhas

ourlivesmorethananythingelse.

問題1選項

A.transformed

B.transmitted

C.transferred

D.transplanted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。transformed“轉(zhuǎn)變”；transmitted“傳輸”；transferred“轉(zhuǎn)移”；transplanted“移植”。句意：在最近的發(fā)明中，也許汽車比其他任何東西都更能改變我們的生活。選項A符合題意。

11.單選題

Thephrase“agriefago”（

）fromtheconventionalnormthatweshouldputaperiodoftimesuchas“fiveminutes”before“ago”.

問題1選項

A.deviates

B.disconnects

C.detaches

D.distortes

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項deviate“使脫離，偏離”；B選項disconnect“拆開，使分離”；C選項detach“分離，派遣”；D選項distort“扭曲，變形”。根據(jù)句子的主語“phrase短語”和介詞from，可知空格意思為“偏離”，四個選項中deviatefrom有“偏離……”的意思，最符合空格意思，故正確答案選A。

12.單選題

Whatweconsideraluxuryatonetimefrequentlybecomesa（

）,manyfamiliesfindthatownershipoftwocarsisindispensable.

問題1選項

A.fashion

B.necessity

C.proclivity

D.nuisance

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fashion“時尚；時裝；樣式”；necessity“需要；必需品”；proclivity“傾向；癖性”；nuisance“討厭的人；損害”。句意：我們曾經(jīng)認為的奢侈品頻繁地成為了必需品，很多家庭發(fā)現(xiàn)擁有兩輛車是很有必要的。選項B符合題意。

13.單選題

問題1選項

A.Theprevalenceoftele-medicineservicesamongUScompanies

B.Theadvocacyoftele-medicineservicesinUS

C.Theacceptanceoftele-medicineservicesinUS

D.Thedisadvantagesoftele-medicineservicesinUS

問題2選項

A.Theyarelackoftrustintele-medicineservices

B.Theyarenotadeptatinternetcommunication

C.Theyfeelimpolitewithoutshakinghandswithdoctors

D.Theyareafraidofexposureofpersonalinformation

問題3選項

A.Itensurepeoplemoreleisuretime

B.Itdon'thavetopayforthedoctorvisit

C.ltcanprovidemorepersonalenvironment

D.ltdoeslittleinfluenceonworktime

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

【解析】第1題:對于主旨的把握，可以通過短文首尾來解決。文章一開頭說到美國的很多大中型企業(yè)為員工提供了遠程醫(yī)療服務(wù)，但采用的很少。結(jié)尾處說到對于年輕人來說，遠程醫(yī)療可能是一個好的選擇。可知本文的主要講述對象就是遠程醫(yī)療，因此C選項正確。

第2題:文中提到老年人不原因在網(wǎng)上看醫(yī)生的原因是“olderpeopledon'thavetrustintelemedicineandservices（他們不信任遠程醫(yī)療服務(wù)）”，因此A選項正確。

第3題:遠程醫(yī)療對年輕人來說是個更好的選擇，原因在于“Itcancutdownonthetimeawayfromwork（它可以減少人們離開工作的時間）”，說明對工作時間影響不大。因此D選項正確。

14.單選題

Thecontestantshadtostaywithinthe（）oftheplayingfieldortheywouldbeeliminated.

問題1選項

A.symptomatic

B.corollary

C.pundit

D.parameter

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項symptomatic“有癥狀的；癥候的”；B選項corollary“推論；必然的結(jié)果”；C選項pundit“專家；博學(xué)者；梵文學(xué)者”；D選項parameter“參數(shù)；起限定作用的因素；界限”。句意：參賽者必須停留在比賽場地的界限內(nèi)，否則他們將被淘汰。結(jié)合此處語義，D選項正確。

15.案例題

Americanuniversitiesareacceptingmoreminoritiesthanever.Graduatingthemisanothermatter.

BarryMills,thepresidentofBowdoinCollege,wasjustifiablyproudofBowdoin'seffortstorecruitminoritystudents.Since2003thesmall,eliteliberalartsschoolinBrunswick,Maine,hasboostedtheproportionofso-calledunder-representedminoritystudentsinenteringfreshmanclassesfrom8%to13%."Itisourresponsibilitytoreachoutandattractstudentstocometoourkindsofplaces,"hetoldaNEWSWEEKreporter.ButBowdoinhasnotdonequiteaswellwhenitcomestoactuallygraduatingminorities.While9outof10whitestudentsroutinelygettheirdiplomaswithinsixyears,only7outof10blackstudentsmadeittograduationdayinseveralrecentclasses.

"Ifyoulookatwhoenterscollege,itnowlookslikeAmerica,"saysHilaryPennington,directorofpostsecondaryprogramsfortheBill&MelindaGatesFoundation,whichhascloselystudiedenrollmentpatternsinhighereducation."Butifyoulookatwhowalksacrossthestageforadiploma,it'sstilllargelythewhite,upper-incomepopulation."

TheUnitedStatesoncehadthehighestgraduationrateofanynation.Nowitstands10th.ForthefirsttimeinAmericanhistory,thereistheriskthattherisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.Thegraduationrateamong25-to34-year-oldsisnobetterthantherateforthe55-to64-year-oldswhoweregoingtocollegemorethan30yearsago.Studiesshowthatmoreandmorepoorandnon-whitestudentswanttograduatefromcollege-buttheirgraduationratesfallfarshortoftheirdreams.Thegraduationratesforblacks,Latinos,andNativeAmericanslagfarbehindthegraduationratesforwhitesandAsians.AstheminoritypopulationgrowsintheUnitedStates,lowcollegegraduationratesbecomeathreattonationalprosperity.

Theproblemispronouncedatpublicuniversities.In2007theUniversityofWisconsin-Madison-oneofthetopfiveorsoprestigiouspublicuniversities-graduated81%ofitswhitestudentswithinsixyears,butonly56%ofitsblacks.Atless-selectivestateschools,thenumbersgetworse.Duringthesametimeframe,theUniversityofNorthernIowagraduated67%ofitswhitestudents,butonly39%ofitsblacks.Communitycollegeshavelowgraduationratesgenerally-butrock-bottomratesforminorities.ArecentreviewofCaliforniacommunitycollegesfoundthatwhileathirdoftheAsianstudentspickeduptheirdegrees,only15%ofAfrican-Americansdidsoaswell.

Privatecollegesanduniversitiesgenerallydobetter,partlybecausetheyoffersmallerclassesandmorepersonalattention.Butwhenitcomestoasignificantgraduationgap,Bowdoinhascompany.NearbyColbyCollegeloggedan18-pointdifferencebetweenwhiteandblackgraduatesin2007and25pointsin2006.MiddleburyCollegeinVermont,anothertopschool,hada19-pointgapin2007anda22-pointgapin2006.

Themostselectiveprivateschools-Harvard,Yale,andPrinceton-showalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationrates.Butthatmayhavemoretodowiththeirabilitytoselectthebeststudents.AccordingtodatagatheredbyHarvardLawSchoolprofessorLaniGuinier,themostselectiveschoolsaremorelikelytochooseblackswhohaveatleastoneimmigrantparentfromAfricaortheCaribbeanthanblackstudentswhoaredescendantsofAmericanslaves.

"Highereducationhasbeenabletoduckthisissueforyears,particularlythemoreselectiveschools,bysayingtheresponsibilityisontheindividualstudent,"saysPenningtonoftheGatesFoundation."Iftheyfail,it'stheirfault."Somecriticsblameaffirmativeaction-studentsadmittedwithlowertestscoresandgradesfromshakyhighschoolsoftenstruggleateliteschools.Butabiggerproblemmaybethatpoorhighschoolsoftensendtheirstudentstocollegesforwhichtheyare"undermatched":theycouldgetintomoreelite,richerschools,butinsteadgotocommunitycollegesandlow-ratedstateschoolsthatlacktheresourcestohelpthem.Someschoolsoutforprofitcynicallyincreasetuitionsandcountonstudentloansandfederalaidtofootthebill-knowingfullwellthatthestudentswon'tmakeit."Theschoolkeepsthemoney,butthekidleaveswithloadsofdebtandnodegreeandnoabilitytogetabetterjob.Collegesarenotholdinguptheirend,"saysAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrust.

Acollegeeducationisgettingevermoreexpensive.Since1982tuitionshavebeenrisingatroughlytwicetherateofinflation.In2008thenetcostofattendingafour-yearpublicuniversity-afterfinancialaid-equaled28%ofmedian（中間的）familyincome,whileafour-yearprivateuniversitycost76%ofmedianfamilyincome.Moreandmorescholarshipsarebasedonmerit,notneed.Poorerstudentsarenotalwaysthebest-informedconsumers.Oftentheywindupdeeplyindebtorsimplyunabletopayafterayearortwoandmustdropout.

Thereoncewasatimewhenuniversitiestookprideintheirdropoutrates.Professorswouldbegintheyearbysaying,"Looktotherightandlooktotheleft.Oneofyouisnotgoingtobeherebytheendoftheyear."ButsuchaDarwinianspiritisbeginningtogivewayasatleastafewcollegesfaceuptothegraduationgap.AttheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,thegaphasbeenroughlyhalvedoverthelastthreeyears.Theuniversityhaspouredresourcesintopeercounselingtohelpstudentsfrominner-cityschoolsadjusttotherigor（嚴格要求）andfasterpaceofauniversityclassroom-andalsotohelpminoritystudentsovercomethestereotypethattheyarelessqualified.Wisconsinhasa"laserlikefocus"onbuildingupstudentskillsinthefirstthreemonths,accordingtoviceprovost（教務(wù)長）DamonWilliams.

Stateandfederalgovernmentscouldsharpenthatfocuseverywherebybroadlypublishingminoritygraduationrates.ForyearsprivatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThavehadsuccessbringingminoritiesontocampusinthesummerbeforefreshmanyeartogivethemsomeprepara?torycourses.Thenewertrendistostartrecruitingpoorandnon-whitestudentsasearlyastheseventhgrade,usinginnovativetoolstoidentifykidswithsophisticatedverbalskills.Suchpro?gramscanbeexpensive,ofcourse,butcheapcomparedwiththemillionsalreadyinvestedinscholarshipsandgrantsforkidswhohavelittlechancetograduatewithoutspecialsupport.

Witheffortandmoney,thegraduationgapcanbeclosed.WashingtonandLeeisasmall,selectiveschoolinLexington,Va.Itsstudentbodyislessthan5%blackandlessthan2%Latino.Whiletheschoolusuallygraduatedabout90%ofitswhites,thegraduationrateofitsblacksandLatinoshaddippedto63%by2007."Wewentthroughadramaticshift,"saysDawnWatkins,thevicepresidentforstudentaffairs.Theschoolaggressivelypushedmentoring（輔導(dǎo)）ofminoritiesbyotherstudentsand"partnering"withparentsataspecialpre-enrollmentsession.Theschoolhaditsfirst-everblackhomecoming.Lastspringtheschoolgraduatedthesameproportionofminoritiesasitdidwhites.IftheUnitedStateswantstokeepupintheglobaleconomicrace,itwillhavetopaysystematicattentiontograduatingminorities,notjustenrollingthem.

1.Whatistheauthor'smainconcernaboutAmericanhighereducation?

A.Thesmallproportionofminoritystudents.

B.Thelowgraduationratesofminoritystudents.

C.Thegrowingconflictsamongethnicgroups.

D.Thepooracademicperformanceofstudents.

2.WhatwastheprideofPresidentBarryMillsofBowdoinCollege?

A.Theprestigeofitsliberalartsprograms.

B.ItsrankingamonguniversitiesinMaine.

C.Thehighgraduationratesofitsstudents.

D.It'sincreasedenrollmentofminoritystudents.

3.WhatistheriskfacingAmerica?

A.Itsschoolswillbeoverwhelmedbythegrowingnumberofillegalimmigrants.

B.Therisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.

C.Morepoorandnon-whitestudentswillbedeniedaccesstocollege.

D.Itisgoingtoloseitscompetitiveedgeinhighereducation.

4.HowmanyAfrican-AmericanstudentsearnedtheirdegreesinCaliforniacommunitycollegesaccordingtoarecentreview?

A.Fifty-sixpercent.

B.Thirty-ninepercent.

C.Fifteenpercent.

D.Sixty-sevenpercent.

5.Harvard,Yale,andPrincetonshowalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationratesmainlybecause.

A.theirstudentsworkharder

B.theyrecruitthebeststudents

C.theirclassesaregenerallysmaller

D.theygivestudentsmoreattention

6.HowdoesAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrustviewminoritystudents'failuretogetadegree?

7.Whydosomestudentsdropoutafterayearortwoaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Theyhavelostconfidenceinthemselves.

B.Theycannotaffordthehightuition.

C.Theycannotadapttotherigoroftheschool.

D.Theyfailtodevelopinterestintheirstudies.

8.Totackletheproblemofgraduationgap,theUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonhelpsminoritystudentsgetoverthestereotypethat（）

9.Foryears,privatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThaveprovidedminoritystudentswith（）

duringthesummerbeforefreshmanyear.

10.WashingtonandLeeUniversityiscitedasanexampletoshowthatthegapofgraduationratesbetweenwhitesandminoritiescan（）

.

【答案】1.B

2.D

3.B

4.C

5.B

6.A

7.B

8.theyarelessqualified

9.somepreparatorycoerces

10.beclosed

【解析】1.

根據(jù)文中前三段的內(nèi)容可知，作者對美國高等教育的主要擔(dān)憂是少數(shù)民族學(xué)生的畢業(yè)率很低。第三段的最后一句“Astheminority...nationalprosperity.”也可以看出答案。

2.

根據(jù)第一段的第一、二句“BarryMills...from8%to13%.”，BarryMills感到自豪的是少數(shù)民族學(xué)生的招收在不斷增長。

3.

根據(jù)第三段的第二句“thereistheriskthattherisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.”，選項B正確。

4.

根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“Arecentreview...soaswell.”只有15%的非洲裔美國人獲得了學(xué)位。選項C正確。

5.

根據(jù)第六段的第二句“Butthatmayhavemoretodowiththeirabilitytoselectthebeststudents.”這可能更多地與他們挑選最優(yōu)秀學(xué)生的能力有關(guān)。選項B正確。

6.

根據(jù)第七段的最后一句AmyWilkins說的話可以推測出，他認為大學(xué)應(yīng)該負主要責(zé)任。

7.根據(jù)第八段的最后一句“Oftentheywindupdeeplyindebtorsimplyunabletopayafterayearortwoandmustdropout.”，通常，他們最終負債累累，或者一兩年后無力償還債務(wù)，不得不輟學(xué)。選項B正確。

8.

根據(jù)第九段“andalsotohelpminoritystudentsovercomethestereotypethattheyarelessqualified.”

9.

根據(jù)第十段的第二句“ForyearsprivatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThavehadsuccessbringingminoritiesontocampusinthesummerbeforefreshmanyeartogivethemsomeprepara?torycourses.”

10.

根據(jù)原文中最后一段的第一句“Witheffortandmoney,thegraduationgapcanbeclosed.”

16.單選題

Accordingtolegalprovisions,thepropertieswilleither____theoriginalownersorelsebesoldatauction.

問題1選項

A.committo

B.taketo

C.rompto

D.revertto

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項“committo”，意為“交付，把……投入，對……作出承諾”，B選項“taketo”，意為“帶到，養(yǎng)成（做……）的習(xí)慣”，C選項“rompto”，意為“輕松”，D選項revertto，意為“回復(fù)，歸還”。句意：根據(jù)法律規(guī)定，這些財產(chǎn)要么歸原有者所有，要么被拍賣。因此，D選項符合句意。

17.單選題

Automationreferstotheintroductionofelectroniccontrolandautomaticoperationofproductivemachinery.Itreducesthehumanfactors,mentalandphysical,inproductionandisdesignedtomakepossiblethemanufactureofmoregoodswithfewerworkers.ThedevelopmentofautomationinAmericanindustryhasbeencalledthe'SecondIndustrialRevolution'.

Labor'sconcernoverautomationarisesfromuncertaintyabouttheeffectsonemployment,andfearsofmajorchangesinjobs.Inthemain,laborhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnicalchangeisunfruitful.Eventuallytheresultofautomationmaywellbeanincreaseinemployment,sinceitisexpectedthatvastindustrieswillgrowuparoundmanufacturing,maintaining,andrepairingautomationequipment.Theinterestoflaborliesinbringingaboutthetransitionwithaminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstotheworkersinvolved.Also,unionspokesmenemphasizethatthebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsmadepossiblebyautomationshouldbesharedbyworkersintheformofhigherwages,moreleisure,andimprovedlivingstandards.

Toprotecttheinterestsoftheirmembersintheeraofautomation,unionshaveadoptedanumberofnewpolicies.Oneoftheseisthepromotionofsupplementaryunemploymentbenefitplans.Itisemphasizedthatsincetheemployerinvolvedinsuchaplanhasadirectfinancialinterestinpreventingunemployment,hewillhaveastrongdriveforplanningnewinstallationssoastocausetheleastpossibleproblemsinjobsandjobassignments.Someunionsareworkingfordismissalpayagreements,requiringthatpermanentlydismissedworkersbepaidasumofmoneybasedonlengthofservice.Anotherapproachistheideaofthe"improvementfactor",whichcallsforwageincreasesbasedonincreasesinproductivity.Itispossible,however,thatlaborwillrelymainlyonreductioninworkinghoursinordertogainafullshareinthefruitsofautomation.

1.Thoughthelaborworriesabouttheeffectsofautomation,itneverdoubtsthat（

）.

2.Theideaofthe"improvementfactor'(Para.3)impliesroughly

（

）.

3.Inordertogetthefullbenefitsofautomation,laborwilldependmostlyon

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?

問題1選項

A.automationwilleventuallypreventunemployment

B.automationwillhelpworkersacquirenewskills

C.automationwilleventuallybenefittheworkersnolessthantheemployers

D.automationisatrendwhichcannotbestopped

問題2選項

A.wagesshouldbepaidonthebasisoflengthofservice

B.thebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsshouldbesharedbyworkers

C.supplementaryunemploymentbenefitplansshouldbepromoted

D.thetransitiontoautomationshouldbebroughtaboutwiththeminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstoworkers

問題3選項

A.shorterworkinghoursandmoreleisuretime

B.theincreaseofwagesinproportiontotheincreaseinproductivity

C.additionalpaymenttothepermanentlydismissalworkers

D.strongdriveforplanningnewinstallations

問題4選項

A.Advantagesanddisadvantagesofautomation

B.Laborandtheeffectsofautomation

C.Unemploymentbenefitsplansandautomation.

D.Socialbenefitsofautomation

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目提問‘盡管工人們擔(dān)心自動化的影響，但他們從不懷疑……？’根據(jù)第二段中“Inthemain,laborhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnicalchangeisunfruitful.勞工基本上的觀點是抵抗技術(shù)變革是徒然的”確定D選項“自動化是一種不能被阻止的趨勢”正確。

2.推理判斷題。題目提問‘“改善因素”的概念(第3段)粗略地表示……？’根據(jù)第三段中“Anotherapproachistheideaofthe"improvementfactor",whichcallsforwageincreasesbasedonincreasesinproductivity.另一種方法是“改善因素”的想法，它要求在提高生產(chǎn)力的基礎(chǔ)上增加工資?！贝_定B選項“工人應(yīng)該共享生產(chǎn)增加和成本降低的福利”正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目提問‘為了獲得自動化的全部好處，勞動力將主要依靠……？’根據(jù)最后一段中“Itispossible,however,thatlaborwillrelymainlyonreductioninworkinghoursinordertogainafullshareinthefruitsofautomation.然而，勞動力有可能主要依靠減少工作時間來充分分享自動化的成果?！贝_定A選項“更短的工作時間和更多的休閑吋間”正確。

4.主旨大意題。全文主要是講“自動化的發(fā)展對勞工在工作與就業(yè)等方而帶來的影響”，所以B選項“勞工與自動化的影響”正確。文章并沒有對自動化的劣勢展開討論，所以A選項“自動化的優(yōu)勢與劣勢”錯誤，C選項“失業(yè)福利計劃和自動化”和D選項“自動化的社會效益”只是文中提及的一部分內(nèi)容，排除。

18.單選題

Becausethereisevidenceofseverelyharmfuleffectsfromchemicaldumps,thegovernmenthas_____tougherclean-upmeasures.

問題1選項

A.imposed

B.impulsed

C.implemented

D.incorporated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項imposedv.強加，征稅，以……欺騙；B選項impulsedv.推動；C選項implementedv.實施，執(zhí)行；D選項incorporatedv.吸收，合并，包含。根據(jù)句意可知，有證據(jù)表明化學(xué)排污引起嚴重危害，因此，政府已經(jīng)實施了嚴厲的清理方案。因此，C項符合題意。

19.單選題

Christoldustohandin

ourtermpapernextMonday.

問題1選項

A.towriteourpaperbyhand

B.tosubmit

C.tocorrect

D.toproof-read

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。題目中handin表示“提交，遞交；呈送；上交”，A選項為“手寫論文”；B選項為“提交；呈送”；C選項為“改正”；D選項表示“校對”。句意：克麗絲告訴我們，下周一要交學(xué)期論文。因此，根據(jù)句意可知正確答案是B選項。

20.單選題

Greenmeanshealthyoutsideofhospitals,too.Officeworkerswithnatureviewsaremore（1）abouttheirjobs,lessfrustrated,inbetterhealthandmoresatisfiedwiththeir（2）,accordingtoonestudy.Accordingtoanother,prisoninmateswhosecellslookedoutonfarmfieldsneededfarlesshealthcarethanthosewhosecellsfaceda（3）internalcourtyard.Psychologistshavefoundthatexposure（4）trees,streamsandothernaturalfeaturesimprovesconcentration,creativityandemotionalfunctioning.Inonestudy.FrancesKuo,PhD,apsychologistwho（5）theLandscapeandHumanHealthLaboratoryattheUniversityofIllinois,andhercolleaguesshowedthat20-minutewalksacrossleafycityparkseasesADHD（6）inkids.Afewyearsago,Kuoandherresearchpartnerstestedchildreninahigh-riseChicagopublic-housingprojecttoseeifaviewofnaturefromtheirapartmentshelpedthempsychologically.（7）withgirlswholookedoutonbrickandasphalt,girlswhosawtreesfromtheirwindowsconcentratedbetter,actedless（8）andweremoreabletodelaygratification.That（9）betterself-discipline,Kuosays,whichcouldhelpgirlsbetterhandlethe（10

）thatcometheirwayastheygrowupintheprojects.TheIllinoisresearchersalsoshowedthatareasofthepublic-housingprojectwithtreesandgrasshadlowerlevelsofcrime,（11

）violence,noise,litterandgraffiti(涂鴉).“Whenyouputallthesethingstogether,it’sapictureofahealthierneighborhood,”Kuosay.Greenerneighborhoodsmayevenimprovethe（12

）physicalhealthoftheirresidents.Dutchscientistscrosscheckedtheself-reportedhealthof10,000peoplewiththegreennessoftheirneighborhoods.After（13

）fortheirincome,ageandotherfactorsthataffecthealth,theyfoundthatpeopleingreenerneighborhoodswerehealthier.Inanotherstudy,elderlyTokyoresidentsweresignificantlymorelikelytosurvive（14

）anotherfiveyearsiftheirneighborhood（15

）walkableparksandtree-linedstreets.

問題1選項

A.keen

B.eager

C.zealous

D.enthusiastic

問題2選項

A.lives

B.alive

C.live

D.living

問題3選項

A.blight

B.bleak

C.bleach

D.blemished

問題4選項

A.for