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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣州華夏職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Engineeringoffersmenandwomenan(

)opportunitytoexperiencethejoyofimprovingthequalityoflifeforhumankindthroughdevelopmentofengineeringsolutionstosocietalproblems.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.absolute

B.unparalleled

C.elaborate

D.obsessive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。absolute意為“絕對的,完全的”;unparalleled意為“無比的,空前的”;elaborate意為“復(fù)雜的,詳盡的”;obsessive意為“著迷的”。

句意:工程學(xué)為男性和女性提供一個(gè)前所未有的機(jī)會(huì),通過開發(fā)解決社會(huì)問題的工程解決方案來讓他們體驗(yàn)改善人類生活質(zhì)量的樂趣。

2.填空題

Aconsiderableamountofmedicalresearchisaimedatidentifyingriskfactorsfordisease.Therationalebehindthisworkisthatwherepeopleareinformedoftheirrisk,theywillhappilychangetheirbehaviortolowerthatrisk.(1)thisiscertainlyareasonableassumption,itturnsoutthatthingsarenotquitethatsimpleandstraightforward.Firstofall,healthisnotnecessarilyatoppriorityineveryone’slifeand,forthesepeople,changingbehaviorintheinterestsofhealthmayinterfere(2)other,moreimportantmatters.Second,thebenefitstobederived(3)suchchangesrarelyareimmediateorobvious.Usually,improvementsinhealthtakeplaceoverlongperiodsoftimeandarequitesubtle.(4),weareallsobombardedwithinformationaboutthethousandsofhealthhazardstowhichweareexposed(5)mostofus“tuneout”muchofthisinformation.Thislatterissueiscompoundedbythefactthatmuchofnewinformationtowhichweareexposedthroughthemediaisexaggeratedand,asoftenasnot,iscontradictedlaterbyeven“newer”information.Fortheseandotherreasons,simplyknowingaboutariskdoesnotnecessarilyensurethatpeoplewilltakeappropriatestepsto(6)it.(7)whenpeoplewanttochangetheirbehavior,thisisnoteasytodo.Forexample,theoverwhelmingmajorityofsmokersinthiscountrywanttoquit,but(8)greateffortveryfewareabletodoso.Mostsmokersacknowledge,atsomelevel,thathealthhazardsassociatedwithsmokingandmostwishthattherewereasimpleandpainlesswaytostop.(9)thenumberofpeoplewhowanttoloseweightisverylarge,butfewofthesepeopleareabletodoitandeven(10)areabletomaintainsuchweightlosses.

【答案】1.Although

2.with

3.from

4.meanwhile

5.to

6.change

7.even

8.make

9.and

10.none

【解析】1.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系??崭袼幍木渥雍蟀刖涓鞍刖溆修D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)該填入轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。

2.考查固定搭配。interfere“(利害、要求等)抵觸,沖突”,常與with連用。

3.考查固定搭配。bederivedfrom是固定搭配,意思是“來自,從……而產(chǎn)生出來的”。

4.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系??崭袼诘木渥雍颓懊娴木渥邮遣⒘嘘P(guān)系,填入的詞與后面用逗號(hào)隔開,meanwhile符合題意。

5.考查固定搭配。beexposedto是固定搭配,意思是“暴露”。

6.考查上下文語境??崭窈竺娴膇t指的是“behavior”,文章第二句、第四句都提到了changebehavior,所以空格處應(yīng)該填change。

7.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系??崭袼诘木渥优c后半句thisisnoteasytodo構(gòu)成讓步假設(shè),所以even(即使)符合題意。

8.考查固定搭配。makeeffort“做出努力”。

9.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系。空格所在的句子舉了減肥的例子佐證作者的觀點(diǎn),與前面的句子是并列的關(guān)系。所以and符合題意。

10.考查上下文語義。句意:很多人想減肥,但是只有少數(shù)人能做到,甚至沒有人能夠堅(jiān)持減肥??崭袼幍木渥有枰粋€(gè)主語,所以none符合題意。

3.單選題

Itisaninescapablefactthattomostpeople______whenfailingpowersofmindorbodymakeitimpossibleforthemtomanagetheirdailyliveswithoutsomesortofhelp.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whosetimecomes

B.forwhomtimecomes

C.itcomestime

D.therecomesatime

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.whosetimecomes……的時(shí)候到了B.forwhomtimecomes對于某人來說時(shí)候到了

C.itcomestime時(shí)候到了D.therecomesatime有這么一個(gè)時(shí)候

【考查點(diǎn)】固定句式。

【解題思路】由空格后面的when可知,therecomesatimewhen…為常用的固定句式,表示“……時(shí)候到了,有這么一個(gè)時(shí)候……”。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

Fact后面是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句,不能用whose或者whom來充當(dāng)從句中的主語,A、B選項(xiàng)不符合從句語法;

C選項(xiàng)沒有這個(gè)用法,排除。

【句意】對大多數(shù)人來說,有這么一個(gè)時(shí)候,當(dāng)心智或身體力量的衰退使他們在沒有某種幫助的情況下無法管理他們的日常生活,這是一個(gè)不可避免的事實(shí)。

4.單選題

Undernormalcircumstancesthebodycan(

)thesenaturallyoccurringsubstancesintovitamins.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.convert

B.render

C.derive

D.originate

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。convert轉(zhuǎn)化,轉(zhuǎn)變;render致使,提供;derive源于,獲得;originate發(fā)源,發(fā)生。句意:在正常情況下,身體可以將這些自然產(chǎn)生的物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為維生素。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

5.單選題

Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonwork-forceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.HumanresourcemanagementisnottraditionallyseenascentraltothecompetitivesurvivalofthefirmintheUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility.Laborissimplyanotherfactorofproductiontobehired—rentedatthelowestpossiblecost-muchasonebuysrawmaterialsorequipment.

Thelackofimportanceattachedtohuman-resourcemanagementcanbeseeninthecorporatehierarchy.InanAmericanfirmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondincommand.Thepostofheadofhuman-resourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO).Bywayofcontrasts,inJapantheheadofhuman-resourcemanagementiscentral—usuallythesecondmostimportantexecutiveaftertheCEO,inthefirm’shierarchy.

WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalkaboutthevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworkforces,infacttheyinvestlessintheskillsoftheiremployeesthandoeitherJapaneseorGermanfirms.Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees.Andthelimitedinvestmentsthataremadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.

Asaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthroughtechnologiesarrive.IfAmericanworkers,forexample,takemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGermany(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanythanitisintheUnitedStates.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretraininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange.Andintheendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcan’teffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.

1.WhichofthefollowingappliestomanagementofhumanresourcesinAmericancompanies?

2.Whatisthepositionoftheheadofhuman-resourcemanagementinanAmericanfirm?

3.ThemoneymostAmericanfirmsputintrainingmainlygoesto().

4.Accordingtothepassage,thedecisivefactorinmaintainingafirm’scompetitiveadvantageis().

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhirepeopleatthelowestcostregardlessoftheirskills.

B.Theyonlyhireskilledworkersbecauseofkeencompetition

C.Theyattachmoreimportancetoworkersthantoequipment

D.Theyseethegainingofskillsastheiremployeesownbusiness

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Heisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesinthefirm

B.Hispostislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologiesareintroduced

C.Hehasnosayinmakingimportantdecisionsinthefirm

D.Heisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutive

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.technologicalandmanagerialstaff

B.workerwhocanoperatenewequipment

C.workerswholackbasicbackgroundskills

D.topexecutives

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theintroductionofnewtechnologies

B.theimprovementofworkers'basicskills

C.therationalcompositionofprofessionalandmanagerialemployees

D.theattachmentofimportancetothebottomhalfoftheemployees

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.AmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermansfirmsinhuman-resourcemanagement.

B.Extensiveretrainingisindispensabletoeffectivehuman-resourcemanagement

C.Thehuman-resourcemanagementstrategiesofAmericanfirmsaffecttheircompetitivecapacity

D.Theheadofhuman-resourcemanagementmustbeinthecentralpositioninafirm’sHierarchy

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:他們會(huì)以最低的成本雇傭工人而不在乎其勞動(dòng)技能,C:相比于生產(chǎn)設(shè)備,他們更加重視勞動(dòng)力,第一段指出:Laborissimplyanotherfactorofproductiontobehired-rentedatthelowestpossiblecost—muchasonebuysrawmaterialsorequipment(勞動(dòng)力不過是雇來的另一種生產(chǎn)要素—以盡可能低的成本租用——就像購買原材料或者設(shè)備),文章雖然說美國公司并不是很注重勞動(dòng)力的技能但沒說完全不考慮勞動(dòng)技能,因此A不正確,C也不正確。B:他們因競爭激烈而只雇傭有技術(shù)的工人,第一段指出:Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonwork-forceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem(如果可持續(xù)的競爭優(yōu)勢取決于勞動(dòng)力的技能,那么美國企業(yè)將會(huì)而臨麻煩)。由此可知美國企業(yè)并沒有很注重勞動(dòng)力的技能,因此B與原文不符。D:他們認(rèn)為技能的獲得是員工自己的事,由第一段中“Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility(技能的獲得被認(rèn)為是個(gè)人的事)”可知D正確。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Thepostofheadofhuman-resourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO)(人力資源管理主管的職位通常是一項(xiàng)專門的工作,被劃在企業(yè)等級(jí)邊緣之外。坐在這個(gè)位子上的經(jīng)理主管人員從來不會(huì)在主要戰(zhàn)略性決策中被咨詢,并且沒有機(jī)會(huì)上升到執(zhí)行總裁的位子上),因此C“他在企業(yè)的重大決策中沒有發(fā)言權(quán)”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees(他們投入的資金更多集中用在了專業(yè)人員和管理人員身上),故選A:技術(shù)和管理人員。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出:IfAmericanworkers,forexample,takemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGermany(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanythanitisintheUnitedStates(例如,如果美國的工人比德國工人(他們正是這樣做的)花費(fèi)更多的吋間學(xué)習(xí)如何操作新型靈活的生產(chǎn)設(shè)備,那么這些設(shè)備的有效成本在德國就會(huì)比在美國低)以及:Ifthebottomhalfcan’teffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear(如果占半數(shù)的底層員工不能有效地?fù)?dān)任必須操作的流程的職員,那么伴隨這些流程的管理工作和專業(yè)工作就會(huì)消失),因此B項(xiàng)“工人基本技能的提升”正確。此題干擾項(xiàng)為D:重視占半數(shù)的底層員工,但是此選項(xiàng)不如B具體。因此本題選B。

5.主旨大意題。文章開頭就提出:如果可持續(xù)的競爭優(yōu)勢取決于勞動(dòng)力的技能,那么美國企業(yè)將會(huì)面臨麻煩。后面主要為兩部分:美國企業(yè)人力資源管理的現(xiàn)狀;工人基本技能提升對于保持企業(yè)競爭力優(yōu)勢的重要意義。因此C“美國企業(yè)人力資源管理策略影響其競爭力”符合文章主旨。

6.單選題

Structurally,theinsideofearlyChristianchurcheswasquitesimple.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.layout

B.design

C.interior

D.content

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.layout布局B.design設(shè)計(jì)

C.interior內(nèi)部D.content內(nèi)容

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析

【解題思路】原句中與劃線詞搭配的是“早期基督教教堂”和“很簡單”,并且根據(jù)Structurally可知,“很簡單”是從結(jié)構(gòu)上來說的;另外,原詞inside“內(nèi)部”。因此,C選項(xiàng)interior“內(nèi)部”最接近原句句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)layout“布局”,不符合原句句意;

B選項(xiàng)design“設(shè)計(jì)”,不符合原句句意;

D選項(xiàng)content“內(nèi)容”,與“早期基督教教堂”搭配不當(dāng),且原句指的是教堂的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)。

【句意】從結(jié)構(gòu)上看,早期基督教教堂的內(nèi)部相當(dāng)簡單。

7.單選題

Heisanyonewhobelievesthatwill,reason,andpurposearerealandsignificant;thatvalueandjusticeareaspectsofarealitycalledgoodandeviland[A]restuponsomefoundationotherthancustom;thatconsciousnessissofarfrom[B]beingamereepiphenomenonthatitisthemosttremendousofactualities;thatthe[C]unmeasuredmaybesignificant;or,tosumitallup,thatthosehumanrealities[D]whichsometimesseemtoexistonlyinthehumanmindaretheperceptionsofthemind.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rest

B.being

C.unmeasured

D.which

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞形。對應(yīng)前面的“themosttremendousofactualities”,C選項(xiàng)unmeasured應(yīng)該表示“不可估量的”,這是錯(cuò)誤的形式,原形應(yīng)該來自measurable,它的否定形式是immeasurable。

8.填空題

1.Darwinstatedthatindividuals[A]withcharacteristicsbestadaptedto[B]existingconditionsurviveandmakeupanincreasing[C]largerproportionoftheirspecies[D].

2.Thecoming[A]ofageofthepostwarbabyboomandanentryofwomenintothemale-dominatedjobmarkethavelimited[B],theopportunitiesofteenagerswhoarealreadyquestioning[C]theheavypersonalsacrificesinvolvingin[D]climbingJapan’srigidsocialladdertogoodschoolsandjobs.

3.Thepaidmanagers[A]actingforthecompanywereinmoredirectrelationwiththeworkmenandtheirdemands,butevenso[B],he[C]seldomhadthatfamiliarpersonalknowledgeoftheworkmenwhich[D]theemployershadoftenhadunderthesystemoftheoldfamilybusiness.

4.It’snotobvioushow[A]thecapacitytovisualizeobjectsandtofigureout[B]numericalpatternssuitsonetoanswerquestionsthathas[C]attractedsomeofthebestpoetsandphilosophers[D].

5.IQwasnegativelycorrelatedwith[A]leadership—thatis,itpredictedtheopposite.AnyonewhohastoiledthroughSATwilltestilythattest-takingskillalsomatters[B]whetherit’sknowing[C]whentoguessand[D]whatquestionstoskip.

6.Asdietandhealthimproved[A]childrenandadolescentshave,onaverage,increasedinheightto[B]aboutaninchandahalfevery20years,apatternknownas[C]theobvioustrendinheight[D].

7.AndersEricsson,58-year-oldpsychologyprofessor[A]atUniversityofFlorida,sayshebelievesstronglyin“allofpsychology.”Ericssongrewup[B]inSweden,andstudiednuclearengineeringuntil[C]herealizedhewouldhavemoreopportunitytoconducthisownresearchifheswitchedto[D]psychology.

8.Ifyouexamine[A]thebirthcertificatesofeverysoccerplayerin2010’sWorldCuptournament,youwouldmostlikely[B]findanoteworthyfact:famoussoccerplayersaremorelikelytohavebeenborn[C]intheearliermonths[D]oftheyearthaninthelatermonths.

9.Americanpeoplenolonger[A]expectpublicfigures,whether[B]inspeechorinwriting,tocommandtheEnglishlanguagewithskillandgift.So[C]dotheyaspiretocommandthemselves[D].

10.Thebodiesplayingmajorprofessionalsportshavebeenchanged[A]dramaticallyovertheyears,andmanagershavebeenmorethanwillingtoadjustteamuniformsto[B]fitthegrowingnumbers[C]ofbiggerandlonger[D]frames.

【答案】1.【試題答案】C

2.【試題答案】D

3.【試題答案】C

4.【試題答案】C

5.【試題答案】D

6.【試題答案】B

7.【試題答案】A

8.【試題答案】A

9.【試題答案】C

10.【試題答案】A

【解析】1.【試題解析】考查詞性。C項(xiàng)修飾形容詞large,此處increasing應(yīng)改為副詞increasingly,故選C。

2.【試題解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。Sacrifices和involve之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)使用過去分詞involved。因此D合題意。beinvolvedin“涉及”。

3.【試題解析】考查代詞。C項(xiàng)指代前文thepaidmanagers,為負(fù)數(shù),因此該用they不是he,故選C。

4.【試題解析】考查謂語動(dòng)詞。在此處that指代的先行詞為questions,為復(fù)數(shù),遵守主謂一致的原則,應(yīng)該是have不是has,故選C。

5.【試題解析】考查連詞。此處考查whether...or...“是……還是……,或者……或者……”,and錯(cuò)誤,應(yīng)是or,故選D。

6.【試題解析】考查介詞。此處句意為:每20年身高增加了1.5寸。increaseto“增加到”;increaseby“增加了”,用介詞by更合適,故選B。

7.【試題解析】考查冠詞。58-year-oldpsychologyprofessor是AndersEricsson的同位語,對其進(jìn)行解釋說明,因此professor前面應(yīng)有冠詞a,故選A。

8.【試題解析】考查謂語動(dòng)詞。本句是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,主語的謂語動(dòng)詞形式為woulddo,可以判斷出這是對現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的虛擬,從句的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用examined。故選A。

9.【試題解析】考查副詞。Neither才是否定的“也”,故選C。

10.【試題解析】考查語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境和句意,此處應(yīng)該用主動(dòng)語態(tài),去掉been才正確,故選A。

9.單選題

Paroleisusuallygrantedtoprisonersasarewardforgoodconduct.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paidto

B.ignoredby

C.givento

D.requestedby

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。grantto表示“授予,允許”;A項(xiàng)payto“付款給”,B項(xiàng)ignoreby“忽視,駁回訴訟”,C項(xiàng)giveto“給予,提供”,D項(xiàng)requestby“請求,需要”。句意:假釋通常作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)給予表現(xiàn)良好的囚犯。根據(jù)句意該題選C。

10.單選題

Influenzaiscausedbyavirus()oneperson()anotherindropletscoughedorsneezedintotheair.Itischaracterizedbycoldlikesymptomspluschills,fever,headaches,muscleaches,andfatigue.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transferredfrom...to

B.transmittedfrom...to

C.transactedfrom...to

D.transcendfrom...to

【答案】B

【解析】transfer轉(zhuǎn)移;transmit傳播;transact交易,談判;transcend勝過,超越。句意:流感是由一種病毒通過咳嗽或打噴嚏的飛沫在空氣中一個(gè)傳給另一個(gè)引起的,它的特點(diǎn)是感冒的癥狀加上寒戰(zhàn)、發(fā)燒、頭痛、肌肉疼痛和疲勞。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

11.單選題

Althoughitrulesthattheseisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide,theCourtineffectsupportedthemedicalprincipleof“doubleeffect’’,a(

)moralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffects—agoodonethatisintendedandaharmfulonethatisforeseen—ispermissibleiftheactorintendsonlythegoodeffect.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.century’sold

B.centuryold

C.centuries’sold

D.centuries-old

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞所有格??崭窈笥忻~principle,因此空格處為定語。名詞不能直接修飾名詞,需要加上名詞所有格形式,century加上’s,可表示“長達(dá)一個(gè)世紀(jì)的”,前面的冠詞a決定century為單數(shù)。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Oneairlinechiefexecutiveofficer(CEO)wasthemasterofthepersonaltouch.Spendinghourswithhisemployeesandgettingtoknowtheirjobs,hepersuadedthemtoacceptpaycutsinreturnforanownershipstake.TheconcessionputthecompanysosolidlyintheblackthattheCEOwasabletosellitfor$860million.AnotherCEOscoldedmanagersinfrontofothers,cutonethirdoftheworkforceandsoembitteredthesurvivorsthathisairlinebegantolosemoney,andtheboardofdirectorsfiredhim.

InanytestofknowledgeorIQ,thetwoCEOscouldhavedueledtoadraw.Thedifferencewastheabilitytohandlerelationships,arguesDanielGolemaninhisnewbook,workingwithEmotionalIntelligence.Buildingonhis1995bestseller,EmotionedIntelligence,GolemannowprobeshowEIrelatestotheworldofwork.Ashedidinhisearlierbook,GolemanmasterfullyexplainshowalowEIhinderspeople’sfullintellectualpotentialbyfloodingthebrainwithstresshormonesthatimpairmemory,learningandthinking.Theheartofthebook,though,isananalysisofdatacollectedfrommorethan150firmsonwhatdistinguishesso-soperformersfromsuperstars.Goleman’sfindings:conventionalintelligencetakessecondpositiontoemotionalintelligenceindeterminingjobperformance.Injobsrangingfromrepairmantoscientist,IQaccountsfornomorethan25percentofthedifferencebetween,say,asuccessfulhigh-techentrepreneurandafailedone.Inanothersurprise,thecontributionofIQshrinksandthecontributionofEIriseswithdifficultyofajobandhowhighitranksinanorganization.Basedontraitsthatcompaniessaydistinguishwinnersfromlosers,GolemanconcludesthatEIcarriesmuchmoreweightthanIQindeterminingsuccessatthetop.

However,themanyexamplesofCEOsandotherpeopleintoppositionswhohavetheemotionalintelligenceofasnake-butstillwereCEOs-underminethecaseforEPSindispensabilityinbusiness.ButevenifyouacceptthatEIdetermineswhoexcels,youhavetowonderifitshould.Golemandescribeshow112entry-levelaccountantswerejudgedmoreorlesssuccessful(bytheirbosses)accordingtotheirlevelofEIratherthantheiractualskills.Nowondersomanyauditorsfailtonoticecookedbooks.

1.AccordingtoGoleman,thebiggestdifferencebetweenthetwoCEOsdescribedinthefirstparagraphliesin______.

2.Goleman’snewbookWorkingwithEmotionalIntelligenceischieflyabout

______.

3.AccordingtoGoleman,whichofthefollowingpersonsowesthemosttoEIforhis/hersuccess?

4.Thephrase“cookedbooks”inthelastsentencemostprobablymeans______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theirattitudetowardtheiremployees

B.theiremotionalintelligence

C.theirconventionalintelligence

D.theirbusinessstrategy

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thedifferencebetweenIQandEI

B.therelationshipbetweenEIandjobperformance

C.theroleofEIinaperson’ssuccess

D.theimportanceofhandlingpersonalrelationships

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Presidentofacompany

B.Managerofthepersonneldepartment

C.Managerofthesalesdepartment

D.Plumber

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.falsifiedaccountbooks

B.bookscontaininginformationforpreparationoffood

C.damagedbooks

D.piratedbooks

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干,可以定位到文章第一段,文章提到兩個(gè)CEO對待他們的員工有不同的方法。B選項(xiàng)“他們的情商”,關(guān)于兩位CEO的比較結(jié)果在第二段段首體現(xiàn),兩位CEO最主要的區(qū)別是處理各種關(guān)系的能力,也就是下文討論的情商,故本題答案應(yīng)為B。A選項(xiàng)“他們對員工的態(tài)度”,在第一段提到,但它只是情商的具體表現(xiàn)形式。C選項(xiàng)“他們的傳統(tǒng)智慧”,第二段首句指出兩位CEO的知識(shí)或智商水平都幾近持平,可排除。D選項(xiàng)“他們的業(yè)務(wù)策略”,原文沒有提到此內(nèi)容,可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第二句Thedifferencewastheabilitytohandlerelationships,arguesDanielGolemaninhisnewbook,workingwithEmotionalIntelligence.(丹尼爾?戈?duì)柭谒男聲度绾翁幚砬樯獭分兄赋?,差異在于處理人際關(guān)系的能力)。這里解釋了本書的內(nèi)容,本書主要探討情商和工作的關(guān)系,因此B選項(xiàng)“EI與工作績效的關(guān)系”正確。A選項(xiàng)“IQ和EI之間的區(qū)別”,雖在書中有提及,但不是主要內(nèi)容。C選項(xiàng)“EI在一個(gè)人的成功中所起的作用”,雖在書中有提及,但不是主要內(nèi)容,可排除。D選項(xiàng)“處理人際關(guān)系的重要性”,雖在書中有提及,但不是主要內(nèi)容,可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干,可以定位到文章第三段倒數(shù)第二句Golemandescribeshow112entry-levelaccountantswerejudgedmoreorlesssuccessful(bytheirbosses)accordingtotheirlevelofEIratherthantheiractualskills.(戈?duì)柭枋隽?12名初級(jí)會(huì)計(jì)師(他們的老板)是如何根據(jù)他們的EI水平而不是他們的實(shí)際技能來判斷他們是否成功的)。從該句可推測:工作性質(zhì)越重要,EI的作用就越大。A選項(xiàng)“公司總裁”,根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“人事部經(jīng)理”,文章沒有提到這一點(diǎn),因此可排除。C選項(xiàng)“銷售部經(jīng)理”,文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容,可排除。D選項(xiàng)“水管工”,文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容,可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】語義理解題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句Nowondersomanyauditorsfailtonoticecookedbooks.(難怪這么多審計(jì)師沒有注意到造假的賬目)。這里談的是審計(jì)員的情況,因此可推測cookedbooks和cook的基本意思“做飯”無關(guān),book的意思不是“書”,而是和審計(jì)會(huì)計(jì)有關(guān)的意思“賬簿”。A選項(xiàng)“偽造會(huì)計(jì)賬簿”符合句意,A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“載有烹調(diào)食物資料的書籍”,可排除。C選項(xiàng)“破損圖書”,文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容,可排除。D選項(xiàng)“盜版書”,不符合文章內(nèi)容,可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Hewas(

)totellthetrutheventohisclosedfriend.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.toomuchofacoward

B.toomuchthecoward

C.acowardenough

D.enoughofacoward

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定用法。句意:他太膽怯,甚至都不敢把真相告訴他的好朋友。toomuchofa...todosth.是英語中的固定用法,是too...to...句式與muchofa...句式的混合用法,表示“太…而不能…”,只有A項(xiàng)符合,因此答案選A。

14.填空題

Threebroadcategoriesofterroristcrimemaybedistinguished,notinlegalterms,butwithintention.

Foremostistheuseofviolenceandthethreatofviolencetocreatepublicfear.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Cwithintention改為byintention

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

【解題思路】根據(jù)bedistinguished,可知此句為被動(dòng)語態(tài),byintention指的是通過意圖來區(qū)分。

【句意】恐怖主義犯罪的三大類可以通過意圖而不是法律術(shù)語加以區(qū)分。其中最重要的是使用暴力和暴力威脅來制造公眾恐懼。

15.單選題

Theabilitytorecognizefacesissoimportantinhumansthatthebrainappearstohaveanareasolelydevotedtothetask:thefusiformgyrus.

Brainimagingstudiesconsistently(1)thatthisregionofthetemporallobebecomesactivewhen

(2)

lookatfaces.Skepticshavecountered,however,thatthesestudiesshowonlya

(3)

,butnotproof,thatactivityinthisareaisessentialforface

(4)

.Now,thankstothewillingnessofanintrepid

(5)

,anewstudyprovidesthefirstcause-and-effect

(6)

thatneuronsinthisareahelphumansrecognizefaces-andonly

(7)

,nototherbodypartsorobjects.

Anunusual

(8)

betweenresearchersandanepilepsypatientledtothe

(9).RonBlackwell,anengineerinSantaClara,California,

(10)StanfordUniversityinPaloAlto,California,in2011seekingbettertreatment

(11)

hisepilepsy.Hehadsufferedseizuressincehewasateenager,andatage47,his

(12)

wasbecominglesseffective.StanfordneurologistJosefParvizi

(13)

someteststolocatethesourceoftheseizures-andalsosuggestedthatitmightbe

(14)

toeliminatetheseizuresbysurgicallydestroyingatiny

(15)

ofbraintissuewheretheyoccurred.

Parviziusedelectrodes

(16)

onBlackwell’sscalptotracetheseizurestothetemporallobe,aboutaninch

(17)

Blackwell’srightear.Then,surgeonsplacedmoreelectrodesonthe

(18)

ofBlackwell’sbrain,nearthesuspectpointoforigininthetemporal

(19).Parvizistimulatedeachelectrodeinturnwithamildcurrent,trying

(20)Blackwell’sseizuresymptomsundersafeconditions.“Ifwegetthosesymptoms,weknowthatweareticklingtheseizurenode,”heexplains.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.investigate

B.reveal

C.find

D.found

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.researchers

B.people

C.human

D.objects

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.corrosion

B.counterfeit

C.correction

D.objects

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.recognition

B.realization

C.imagination

D.description

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.counterpart

B.fellow

C.sufferer

D.partner

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.evidence

B.source

C.wit

D.facture

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.facets

B.faces

C.facial

D.facile

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.collaboration

B.deliberation

C.matching

D.gathering

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.imagination

B.conclusion

C.combination

D.discovery

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.droveto

B.heldup

C.cameto

D.madewayfor

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.forth

C.about

D.with

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.treatment

B.medication

C.perception

D.operation

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.pointed

B.managed

C.supplied

D.suggested

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.clear

B.worthy

C.possible

D.certain

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.area

B.segment

C.fragment

D.par

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.installed

B.settled

C.placed

D.distilled

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.above

C.beneath

D.across

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.surface

B.surficial

C.surfer

D.surfeit

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.scalp

B.section

C.lobe

D.leaf

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.toirrigate

B.totrigger

C.tobarrel

D.toflick

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:B

【解析】(1)考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。investigate調(diào)查,研究;reveal揭露,透露;find發(fā)現(xiàn)。這里指“通過腦成像研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)”,所以C項(xiàng)符合題意。答案C。

(2)考查名詞詞義辨析。此處意為:當(dāng)人們看著人臉時(shí),顳葉的這一區(qū)域會(huì)變得活躍。people這里泛指所有人,故答案為B。

(3)考查名詞詞義辨析。corrosion腐蝕;counterfeit偽造品;correction改正;objects物體。由后文的“butnotproof沒有證據(jù)”可知C項(xiàng)正確。答案C。

(4)考查名詞詞義辨析。recognition識(shí)別,承認(rèn);realization實(shí)現(xiàn),領(lǐng)悟;imagination想象力;description描述。文章開頭就指出“面孔識(shí)別能力非常重要”,故A項(xiàng)正確。答案A。

(5)考查名詞詞義辨析。intrepid勇敢的,無畏的,由于癲癇是一種病,綜合上下文,可以知道這里是選擇患者。Counterpart配對物;fellow同事;sufferer患者,受害者;partner伙伴,合伙人。答案C。

(6)考查名詞詞義辨析。evidence證據(jù);source來源;wit智慧;facture制作,發(fā)票。通過上下文語境可知,前面還沒有有力的證據(jù)可以說明兩者之間的關(guān)系,后面已經(jīng)找到這種因果證據(jù),所以,可知答案選擇A。

(7)考查形近詞辨析。facets面狀;face臉,表面;facial面部的;facile溫和的。神經(jīng)元只能區(qū)別臉部,后面nototherbody

partsorobjects.可知答案為B。

(8)考查名詞詞義辨析。collaboration合作,勾結(jié);deliberation審議,考慮;matching相配的;gathering聚集。由between....and可知這里考查的是兩者之間的合作,答案A。

(9)考查名詞詞義辨析。imagination想象;conclusion結(jié)論;combination結(jié)合;discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)。通過上下文的語境可知答案為D。

(10)考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。droveto驅(qū)車前往;heldup舉起;cameto前來;madewayfor給······讓路此處句意為:布萊克威爾只身來到斯坦福大學(xué)參加治療。只有C項(xiàng)符合語義。答案C。

(11)考查介詞詞義辨析。for“為,為了;給”,符合題意,答案A。

(12)考查名詞詞義辨析。treatment“治療,療法;medication“藥物;藥物治療”,分析上下文可知這里是指藥物治療,所以后面布萊克威爾才來到斯坦福做外科手術(shù)。答案B。

(13)考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Point指向;supply供應(yīng);manage管理;suggest表明。由alsosuggested可以推出此處答案為suggest,答案D。

(14)考查形容詞詞義辨析。Clear清晰的;worthy值得的;possible可能的;certain肯定的。帕維茨認(rèn)為是非??赡艿模@里只是他的推測,并不是很確定。故答案C。

(15)考查名詞詞義辨析。area區(qū)域,范圍;segment段,部分;fragment碎片,片斷;par標(biāo)準(zhǔn),票面價(jià)值。由上下文可知答案為A。

(16)考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Install安裝;settle解決,安排;place放置,任命;distill提取,蒸餾。由“placedmoreelectrodeson加更多電極在···上···”可知C項(xiàng)符合題意。答案C。

(17)考查介詞詞義辨析。醫(yī)生將電極放置在布萊克威爾的右耳上一英寸的地方,B項(xiàng)符合句意。答案B。

(18)考查形近詞詞義辨析。surface表面,表層;surficial地表的;地面的;surfer沖浪運(yùn)動(dòng)員,surfeit過度;飲食過度;這里是指將電極放置在大腦的表皮層。答案A。

(19)考查名詞詞義辨析。Scalp頭皮,戰(zhàn)利品;section地區(qū);lobe(腦、肺等的)葉,耳垂;leaf葉子。temporallobe表示顳葉,故答案為C。

(20)考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。trigger引發(fā),觸發(fā);irrigate灌溉,沖洗;barrel把······裝入桶內(nèi);flick輕彈,輕輕拂去。由句意“在安全的條件下嘗試了40次去觸發(fā)布萊克威爾的癲癇癥狀?!笨芍鸢笧锽。

16.單選題

Ihavenoideaoffashion,somychoiceofclothesseemsquitearbitrary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assertive

B.decisive

C.optional

D.tasteful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)assertive“肯定的”;B選項(xiàng)decisive“決定性的”;C選項(xiàng)optional“隨意的”;D選項(xiàng)tasteful“有品位的”。句意:我對時(shí)尚一竅不通,所以我對衣服的選擇似乎很隨意。劃線部分arbitrary是隨意的意思。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

AccordingtoarecentpublicationoftheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,atthepresentrateofprogress,itwilltakeforty-threeyearstoendjobdiscrimination—hardlyareasonabletimetable.

Ifourgoaliseducationalandeconomicequityandparity,itisthenweneedaffirmativeactiontocatchup.Wearebehindasaresultofdiscriminationanddenialofopportunity.Thereisonewhiteattorneyforevery680whites,butonlyoneblackattorneyforevery4,000blacks;onewhitephysicianforevery659whites,butonlyoneblackphysicianforevery5,000blacks;andonewhitedentistforevery1,900whites,butonlyoneblackdentistforevery8,400blacks.Lessthan1percentofallengineersorofallpracticingchemistsisblack.Cruelanduncompassionateinjusticecreatedgapslikethese.Weneedcreativejusticeandcompassiontohelpusclosethem.

Actually,intheU.S.context,“reversediscrimination”isillogicalandacontradictioninterms.Neverinthehistoryofmankindhasamajority,withpower,engagedinprogramsandwritte

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